Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

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Photo of Robyn K Gunderson, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Robyn K Gunderson
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55419
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Stuck in the same old rut? Have you been to therapy before but your symptoms keep returning? Do you feel like you have succeeded in some areas of your life, but something inside just isn’t right? Are you asking yourself those big questions, like what is the meaning of my life? Struggles like this often prompt us to move toward self-discovery. In a warm and authentic atmosphere, we converse about you. Understanding yourself can not only help alleviate symptoms, but can help you come to terms with the issues underlying them, and in time, help you live your life more fully.
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Stuck in the same old rut? Have you been to therapy before but your symptoms keep returning? Do you feel like you have succeeded in some areas of your life, but something inside just isn’t right? Are you asking yourself those big questions, like what is the meaning of my life? Struggles like this often prompt us to move toward self-discovery. In a warm and authentic atmosphere, we converse about you. Understanding yourself can not only help alleviate symptoms, but can help you come to terms with the issues underlying them, and in time, help you live your life more fully.
(507) 574-4563 View (507) 574-4563
Photo of Tom Keller, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Tom Keller
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Not accepting new clients
I work with adult clients and students who have anxiety, depression, work stress, relationships issues, grief & loss, life transitions, existential crises, mental disorders management, and chemical dependency issues. I work well with clients from the LGBTQIA+ community and those who have mood disorders. I will help you cope with and resolve painful and difficult situations with a knowledgeable, empathetic, and insightful approach that can gently challenge your perspective with wisdom, insight, and coping skills. I offer of free 15 minute consultation to prospective clients.
I work with adult clients and students who have anxiety, depression, work stress, relationships issues, grief & loss, life transitions, existential crises, mental disorders management, and chemical dependency issues. I work well with clients from the LGBTQIA+ community and those who have mood disorders. I will help you cope with and resolve painful and difficult situations with a knowledgeable, empathetic, and insightful approach that can gently challenge your perspective with wisdom, insight, and coping skills. I offer of free 15 minute consultation to prospective clients.
(612) 351-6528 x2 View (612) 351-6528 x2
Photo of Walk Talk Therapy, LLC Tammie Rosenbloom, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Walk Talk Therapy, LLC Tammie Rosenbloom
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55416
Walk Talk Therapy is just like it sounds-we are outdoors walking side by side during therapy instead of sitting inside an office. Walk Talk Therapy is a more relaxed environment than the counseling office. Walking while sharing your struggles and life situations can also be meditative. Research has consistently shown that exercise can significantly impact anxiety and stress while improving overall mood. I work with teens, adults, couples and families. If you're feeling stuck and disconnected from others, you have trouble sitting still or you want a new perspective, I welcome your email or phone call.
Walk Talk Therapy is just like it sounds-we are outdoors walking side by side during therapy instead of sitting inside an office. Walk Talk Therapy is a more relaxed environment than the counseling office. Walking while sharing your struggles and life situations can also be meditative. Research has consistently shown that exercise can significantly impact anxiety and stress while improving overall mood. I work with teens, adults, couples and families. If you're feeling stuck and disconnected from others, you have trouble sitting still or you want a new perspective, I welcome your email or phone call.
(612) 260-4827 View (612) 260-4827
Photo of Mary White Counseling & Coaching, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Mary White Counseling & Coaching
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55406
All human beings are born with the capacity to be mentally healthy, at peace and happy. This capacity for wellness is never lost, it just gets forgotten or 'lost sight of.' I help people uncover the key factors interfering with their wellbeing. I have experience helping people alleviate symptoms of Depression, Grief and Loss, Anxiety, Addictions and many other concerns. Additionally, I help people create Harmonious Relationships, regain Self Esteem, reduce or eliminate Daily Stress and live with Ease and Purpose. My services include both Mental Health Counseling, Personal Coaching and Coaching for Entrepreneurs.
All human beings are born with the capacity to be mentally healthy, at peace and happy. This capacity for wellness is never lost, it just gets forgotten or 'lost sight of.' I help people uncover the key factors interfering with their wellbeing. I have experience helping people alleviate symptoms of Depression, Grief and Loss, Anxiety, Addictions and many other concerns. Additionally, I help people create Harmonious Relationships, regain Self Esteem, reduce or eliminate Daily Stress and live with Ease and Purpose. My services include both Mental Health Counseling, Personal Coaching and Coaching for Entrepreneurs.
(612) 294-7316 View (612) 294-7316
Photo of Bolanle Oyesile, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Bolanle Oyesile
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55415  (Online Only)
Now Accepting New Clients! My area of expertise is centered around working with individuals with a history of mental health disorders such as anxiety, ADHD, depression, bipolar disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, personality disorders, PTSD, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. In addition, I have ample experience working with clients dealing with self-harm behaviors, suicidal ideations, chronic stress, family conflict, and low self-esteem. Clients who see me aim to develop coping and adaptive skills to manage life difficulties, resolve conflicts, heal traumatic experiences, and develop a healthier sense of self.
Now Accepting New Clients! My area of expertise is centered around working with individuals with a history of mental health disorders such as anxiety, ADHD, depression, bipolar disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, personality disorders, PTSD, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. In addition, I have ample experience working with clients dealing with self-harm behaviors, suicidal ideations, chronic stress, family conflict, and low self-esteem. Clients who see me aim to develop coping and adaptive skills to manage life difficulties, resolve conflicts, heal traumatic experiences, and develop a healthier sense of self.
(612) 808-5384 View (612) 808-5384
Photo of Kim M Grantier, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Kim M Grantier
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, ATR-P
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Using art we will uncover your strengths and passions for you to live your life with joy and purpose. The answers are already within. Let's find them together.
Using art we will uncover your strengths and passions for you to live your life with joy and purpose. The answers are already within. Let's find them together.
(612) 482-7376 View (612) 482-7376
Photo of Samuel Vagac, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Samuel Vagac
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
As a mental health practitioner, I intentionally prioritize creating a safe environment to process your past and present challenges. I am passionate about empowering individuals, partners, and families to realize their true strength within themselves at their own pace. We all are a part of differing systems that affect our overall well-being. As your therapist, it is my role to support you in deciding how you want to show up and participate in those systems in a healthier way.
As a mental health practitioner, I intentionally prioritize creating a safe environment to process your past and present challenges. I am passionate about empowering individuals, partners, and families to realize their true strength within themselves at their own pace. We all are a part of differing systems that affect our overall well-being. As your therapist, it is my role to support you in deciding how you want to show up and participate in those systems in a healthier way.
(612) 662-6526 View (612) 662-6526
Photo of Ben Snyder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Ben Snyder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55408
Relationships require trust, communication, and profound awareness of each other’s worlds. I work with couples, including polyamorous, non-monogamous, kinky, etc, to build connection, trust, and intimacy in their relationships. I also help partners learn to manage relationship conflict more effectively. I help partners find ways to communicate about challenging and sensitive issues. This is important when partners struggle to connect around each other's unique sexual wants and needs. These conversations need an atmosphere of trust, acceptance, and non-judgment, as partners learn to validate and respond to each other's sexual selves.
Relationships require trust, communication, and profound awareness of each other’s worlds. I work with couples, including polyamorous, non-monogamous, kinky, etc, to build connection, trust, and intimacy in their relationships. I also help partners learn to manage relationship conflict more effectively. I help partners find ways to communicate about challenging and sensitive issues. This is important when partners struggle to connect around each other's unique sexual wants and needs. These conversations need an atmosphere of trust, acceptance, and non-judgment, as partners learn to validate and respond to each other's sexual selves.
(651) 349-6027 View (651) 349-6027
Photo of Timothy Bechtel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Timothy Bechtel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55408  (Online Only)
Therapy can be a transformative process that helps you reclaim your vitality and connection with yourself and others. Through my 18 years as a therapist I’ve come to understand the common issues that get in the way of peoples’ growth and success. I can help you identify what is getting in your way, understand what you learned early on that caused you to feel stuck in life now, and address those issues in a way that creates lasting change. I utilize treatments such as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR) and other dynamic strategies to help you live life with more vibrancy and joy.
Therapy can be a transformative process that helps you reclaim your vitality and connection with yourself and others. Through my 18 years as a therapist I’ve come to understand the common issues that get in the way of peoples’ growth and success. I can help you identify what is getting in your way, understand what you learned early on that caused you to feel stuck in life now, and address those issues in a way that creates lasting change. I utilize treatments such as Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR) and other dynamic strategies to help you live life with more vibrancy and joy.
(612) 887-2867 x2 View (612) 887-2867 x2
Photo of Anna Goldsmith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Anna Goldsmith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Waitlist for new clients
I am passionate about helping adults & couples navigate mental health concerns and life stressors including family dynamics, co-parenting, sexual health, intimacy, self-worth, and attachment. I work with couples to build communication skills and bring true intentions to light and with individuals seeking to learn more about their pasts and futures.
I am passionate about helping adults & couples navigate mental health concerns and life stressors including family dynamics, co-parenting, sexual health, intimacy, self-worth, and attachment. I work with couples to build communication skills and bring true intentions to light and with individuals seeking to learn more about their pasts and futures.
(612) 712-1889 View (612) 712-1889
Photo of Annette Schulz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Minneapolis, MN
Annette Schulz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55403
Life hands us many experiences, why walk through it alone. Glad you are taking a step to take care of you! Whether you are struggling with things beyond your control, difficult thoughts and feelings. You may have a desire to address current stressors, for self growth and healing from the past. Or, you may be focused on building a better future for yourself or in relationships. Therapy gets to be a space where you are supported. We all deserve to experience a sense of life satisfaction.
Life hands us many experiences, why walk through it alone. Glad you are taking a step to take care of you! Whether you are struggling with things beyond your control, difficult thoughts and feelings. You may have a desire to address current stressors, for self growth and healing from the past. Or, you may be focused on building a better future for yourself or in relationships. Therapy gets to be a space where you are supported. We all deserve to experience a sense of life satisfaction.
(612) 294-7846 View (612) 294-7846
Photo of Allison July, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Allison July
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
I specialize in LGBTQ+, Trauma, Divorce/Family Estrangement, Mood Disorders, and Couples Counseling.
I specialize in LGBTQ+, Trauma, Divorce/Family Estrangement, Mood Disorders, and Couples Counseling.
(651) 505-5592 View (651) 505-5592
Photo of Diver Van Avery, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Diver Van Avery
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401
I love working with GLBTQ+ couples in any form of relationship, people wanting to explore their creativity and/or gender, and anyone who wants to feel more aligned and empowered. It is my hope that the therapeutic journey will lead you to feel a deeper connection with yourself and a richer set of community/spiritual connections that let you experience authentic belonging. I want to co-create a space of courageous introspection that allows you to look back at your past and to name the moments in your present that need tending.
I love working with GLBTQ+ couples in any form of relationship, people wanting to explore their creativity and/or gender, and anyone who wants to feel more aligned and empowered. It is my hope that the therapeutic journey will lead you to feel a deeper connection with yourself and a richer set of community/spiritual connections that let you experience authentic belonging. I want to co-create a space of courageous introspection that allows you to look back at your past and to name the moments in your present that need tending.
(763) 373-6582 View (763) 373-6582
Photo of Janet Uri-Jones, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Janet Uri-Jones
Psychologist, MA LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55410  (Online Only)
Many people are finding life more difficult these days. There is often so much to deal with in our personal lives, add the impact of world events and it can all just be too much. Having someone to listen and support you can make a big difference in coping with your struggles and not feeling alone. I’ve never met anyone that doesn’t like being listened to and understood. My focus in therapy is to help you get relief from your pain and explore ways to cope with life’s ongoing challenges.
Many people are finding life more difficult these days. There is often so much to deal with in our personal lives, add the impact of world events and it can all just be too much. Having someone to listen and support you can make a big difference in coping with your struggles and not feeling alone. I’ve never met anyone that doesn’t like being listened to and understood. My focus in therapy is to help you get relief from your pain and explore ways to cope with life’s ongoing challenges.
(952) 243-3143 View (952) 243-3143
Photo of Stephanie Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Stephanie Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, R-DMT, LPC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55410
Waitlist for new clients
I treat children with symptoms of attention and learning challenges including anxiety and sensory concerns. The modality I use is Developmental Movement Therapy and Primitive Reflex Integration which are Somatic approaches that focus on addressing the root of symptoms rather than teaching accommodations or coping mechanisms. Treatment sessions are fun, movement based and "home play" is offered to parents to as a way of engaging and supporting your child between sessions.
I treat children with symptoms of attention and learning challenges including anxiety and sensory concerns. The modality I use is Developmental Movement Therapy and Primitive Reflex Integration which are Somatic approaches that focus on addressing the root of symptoms rather than teaching accommodations or coping mechanisms. Treatment sessions are fun, movement based and "home play" is offered to parents to as a way of engaging and supporting your child between sessions.
(952) 900-5585 View (952) 900-5585
Photo of Allison Herdering, Licensed Professional Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
Allison Herdering
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
I have a passion for working with adolescents and young adults and the unique struggles that come with these stages of life. Using a person-centered approach, I aim to create a space for you to tell your individual story in a safe and trusting environment. I want to know you and help you feel that your problems are valid, real, and manageable. Though we are all individuals, we grow up and live within systems and social contexts that shape our experiences, and I do my best to acknowledge this aspect of you in addition to your autonomy.
I have a passion for working with adolescents and young adults and the unique struggles that come with these stages of life. Using a person-centered approach, I aim to create a space for you to tell your individual story in a safe and trusting environment. I want to know you and help you feel that your problems are valid, real, and manageable. Though we are all individuals, we grow up and live within systems and social contexts that shape our experiences, and I do my best to acknowledge this aspect of you in addition to your autonomy.
(612) 429-4766 x727 View (612) 429-4766 x727
Photo of Quinnyana Houston, Pre-Licensed Professional in Minneapolis, MN
Quinnyana Houston
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55401
Not accepting new clients
I work with clients experiencing depression, anxiety, eating disorders and difficulties with body image, self-esteem, personality disorders, and trauma. My past career in Human Resources also gives me unique insight into workplace-related stressors. But most importantly, I am committed to making sure you are in a therapeutic environment that is inclusive, encourages healing, and offers growth. As a therapist, I’m collaborative, authentic, and curious. I’ve also been described as approachable, non-judgmental and empathetic. It's important to me to meet you where you’re at in life and build a strong therapeutic alliance with you.
I work with clients experiencing depression, anxiety, eating disorders and difficulties with body image, self-esteem, personality disorders, and trauma. My past career in Human Resources also gives me unique insight into workplace-related stressors. But most importantly, I am committed to making sure you are in a therapeutic environment that is inclusive, encourages healing, and offers growth. As a therapist, I’m collaborative, authentic, and curious. I’ve also been described as approachable, non-judgmental and empathetic. It's important to me to meet you where you’re at in life and build a strong therapeutic alliance with you.
(763) 878-6036 View (763) 878-6036
Photo of White Willow Counseling, PLLC, Counselor in Minneapolis, MN
White Willow Counseling, PLLC
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55430
I am licensed as a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor. I have experience in working with trauma, PTSD, attachment disorders, anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicidal ideation, behavioral disturbances, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder. I enjoy helping clients develop healthy relationships and ways of expressing themselves and fostering an understanding of themselves to succeed. I specialize in treating trauma and am EMDR trained and also have a specialty in providing therapy to children, adolescents and young adults, but have many years of experience in providing therapy to clients of all ages.
I am licensed as a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor. I have experience in working with trauma, PTSD, attachment disorders, anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicidal ideation, behavioral disturbances, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder. I enjoy helping clients develop healthy relationships and ways of expressing themselves and fostering an understanding of themselves to succeed. I specialize in treating trauma and am EMDR trained and also have a specialty in providing therapy to children, adolescents and young adults, but have many years of experience in providing therapy to clients of all ages.
(763) 296-0636 View (763) 296-0636
Photo of Kerry Aikman, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
Kerry Aikman
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55403
My goal as a therapist is to offer my clients a relationship that is safe, empowering, and collaborative. Together, we will explore and understand your unique struggles and obstacles to greater self-awareness and personal growth. Through the therapy process, I help my clients more effectively cope with the demands of their lives. At the same time, I help them develop a greater understanding of the underlying causes and patterns that contribute to the stress in their lives.
My goal as a therapist is to offer my clients a relationship that is safe, empowering, and collaborative. Together, we will explore and understand your unique struggles and obstacles to greater self-awareness and personal growth. Through the therapy process, I help my clients more effectively cope with the demands of their lives. At the same time, I help them develop a greater understanding of the underlying causes and patterns that contribute to the stress in their lives.
(612) 223-7505 View (612) 223-7505
Photo of John Healy, Psychologist in Minneapolis, MN
John Healy
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55409
I use warmth and humor to work collaboratively with you toward living your best life. My style is interactive, engaging, and direct. I use a psychodynamically informed approach, which means the treatment focuses both on current symptoms & problems, as well as underlying root causes. I listen carefully and compassionately, giving thoughtful, helpful feedback and professional insight, helping individuals make necessary positive changes in relationships, self-concept & choices. I have provided psychotherapy since 1995, and bring seasoned experience & understanding to my work.
I use warmth and humor to work collaboratively with you toward living your best life. My style is interactive, engaging, and direct. I use a psychodynamically informed approach, which means the treatment focuses both on current symptoms & problems, as well as underlying root causes. I listen carefully and compassionately, giving thoughtful, helpful feedback and professional insight, helping individuals make necessary positive changes in relationships, self-concept & choices. I have provided psychotherapy since 1995, and bring seasoned experience & understanding to my work.
(651) 301-8559 View (651) 301-8559

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Minneapolis, MN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Minneapolis, MN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% UCare
68% HealthPartners of MN and WI

How Therapists in Minneapolis, MN see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Minneapolis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.