Therapists in Seattle, WA

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Photo of Ryan Justin Chambers, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Ryan Justin Chambers
Counselor, MA, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Counseling is a space where we focus with curiosity on the areas of life that feel chaotic or stagnant. It’s a space to bring understanding to parts that have remained silent or provide comfort to the internal voices that have needed to be too loud. It’s a space to become more connected and integrated, more whole.
Counseling is a space where we focus with curiosity on the areas of life that feel chaotic or stagnant. It’s a space to bring understanding to parts that have remained silent or provide comfort to the internal voices that have needed to be too loud. It’s a space to become more connected and integrated, more whole.
(206) 231-6832 View (206) 231-6832
Photo of Brenna Bowser, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Brenna Bowser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi, I'm Brenna! I am a LCSW in Colorado, Ohio and in the state of Washington. More importantly though, I am a mom, a wife, a dog lover, and a coffee feign. I became passionate about social work, therapy specifically, while working in the public school system. I realized how difficult it is for students to learn when basic needs are not being met. So I switched career paths and decided to focus my efforts on ensuring people's basic needs of connection and emotional well-being were being prioritized. Here I am, 3 years later, spending each day crying, laughing, and improving quality of life one session at a time.
Hi, I'm Brenna! I am a LCSW in Colorado, Ohio and in the state of Washington. More importantly though, I am a mom, a wife, a dog lover, and a coffee feign. I became passionate about social work, therapy specifically, while working in the public school system. I realized how difficult it is for students to learn when basic needs are not being met. So I switched career paths and decided to focus my efforts on ensuring people's basic needs of connection and emotional well-being were being prioritized. Here I am, 3 years later, spending each day crying, laughing, and improving quality of life one session at a time.
(720) 549-7969 View (720) 549-7969
Photo of Cristina Marie Neuenschwander, Mental Health Counselor Associate, MA, LMHCA
Cristina Marie Neuenschwander
Mental Health Counselor Associate, MA, LMHCA
2 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98122
As a trauma-informed therapist, I am passionate about walking along side others on their journey toward wholeness and healing. I work primarily with adults, adolescents, and children experiencing a wide range of emotional or behavioral issues. All of us have experienced suffering or relational brokenness within our stories that can feel confusing or hard to address. While we are most often harmed in relationship, it is also in relationship that we heal. It is my hope that in our sessions, you will experience the relief of engaging the hard moments of your story in the presence of a supportive witness as you move toward healing.
As a trauma-informed therapist, I am passionate about walking along side others on their journey toward wholeness and healing. I work primarily with adults, adolescents, and children experiencing a wide range of emotional or behavioral issues. All of us have experienced suffering or relational brokenness within our stories that can feel confusing or hard to address. While we are most often harmed in relationship, it is also in relationship that we heal. It is my hope that in our sessions, you will experience the relief of engaging the hard moments of your story in the presence of a supportive witness as you move toward healing.
(425) 600-9103 View (425) 600-9103
Photo of Madeleine Bloch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Madeleine Bloch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Online Only
Hello! Welcome to therapy. I’m Madeleine. If you are seeking therapy, you may be struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, family/relationship issues, or perhaps you just need someone to talk to without fear of being judged. I use a collaborative approach and believe that you are the expert in your own life. We will work together to identify any patterns of behavior that you feel are interfering with your life, discuss the ways your family, environment, and society may be reinforcing these, and develop the skills to alter or cope with these patterns more effectively.
Hello! Welcome to therapy. I’m Madeleine. If you are seeking therapy, you may be struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, family/relationship issues, or perhaps you just need someone to talk to without fear of being judged. I use a collaborative approach and believe that you are the expert in your own life. We will work together to identify any patterns of behavior that you feel are interfering with your life, discuss the ways your family, environment, and society may be reinforcing these, and develop the skills to alter or cope with these patterns more effectively.
(206) 208-7081 View (206) 208-7081
Photo of Rachel Pody, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Rachel Pody
Counselor, MA, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98118
I love working with children and their families! I offer counseling for children aged 4-12 to address a range of issues including anxiety, anger, grief, trauma, and significant life transitions. Many families I see are seeking support for their children in the area of executive function skills such as staying focused and regulating emotions and impulses. I enjoy helping parents feel more confident and joyful and working with them to strengthen their connections with their children. I am a neurodiversity affirming therapist.
I love working with children and their families! I offer counseling for children aged 4-12 to address a range of issues including anxiety, anger, grief, trauma, and significant life transitions. Many families I see are seeking support for their children in the area of executive function skills such as staying focused and regulating emotions and impulses. I enjoy helping parents feel more confident and joyful and working with them to strengthen their connections with their children. I am a neurodiversity affirming therapist.
(206) 339-3183 View (206) 339-3183
Photo of Melina Joy Di Stefano, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Melina Joy Di Stefano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
4 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98133
Are you struggling to feel connected - to yourself, to your values, to others? Having a hard time letting go of old stories? I believe there are powerful forces that disconnect us from our truth - the forces of trauma, oppression, diet-culture, even our old ways of survival. In our work together we will center reconnection - to yourself, to your body and the wisdom contained within. I believe our relationships are strengthened when we commit to building trust in ourselves. We'll work together to identify patterns, your strengths and values and explore the impacts of culture, identity and family of origin.
Are you struggling to feel connected - to yourself, to your values, to others? Having a hard time letting go of old stories? I believe there are powerful forces that disconnect us from our truth - the forces of trauma, oppression, diet-culture, even our old ways of survival. In our work together we will center reconnection - to yourself, to your body and the wisdom contained within. I believe our relationships are strengthened when we commit to building trust in ourselves. We'll work together to identify patterns, your strengths and values and explore the impacts of culture, identity and family of origin.
(206) 279-4991 View (206) 279-4991
Photo of Karine Artin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karine Artin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
1 Endorsed
Online Only
If you have difficulty of letting go of negative thoughts, if the anxious feelings and feelings of sadness hinder you to live a content life and you want support to understand yourself, feel empowered with your story, and make a difference in your life, then counseling is for you. If you are tired of your critical mind, and you are ready for self-discovery journey to feeling better and learning effective ways of coping with diverse situations, then counseling is for you. If you have powerful emotions that are difficult to navigate alone and you want to achieve balance and control over your emotions, then counseling is for you.
If you have difficulty of letting go of negative thoughts, if the anxious feelings and feelings of sadness hinder you to live a content life and you want support to understand yourself, feel empowered with your story, and make a difference in your life, then counseling is for you. If you are tired of your critical mind, and you are ready for self-discovery journey to feeling better and learning effective ways of coping with diverse situations, then counseling is for you. If you have powerful emotions that are difficult to navigate alone and you want to achieve balance and control over your emotions, then counseling is for you.
(206) 203-9216 View (206) 203-9216
Photo of Enrique Gracian, Psychologist, PhD
Enrique Gracian
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
Welcoming new clients! Dr. Enrique Gracian joined Therapy Lab in early 2020 after completing his Post-Doctoral Fellowship at the UCLA Semel Institute. Dr. Gracian is known for his compassion, intellect, and humor. With expertise in neuroscience, Dr. Gracian provides valuable insights and specializes in a range of treatments, including the Unified Protocol, CBT for Insomnia, CBT for IBS, DBT-based interpersonal skills, emotion regulation, positive psychology, VR-enhanced exposure therapy, and crisis response. Experience a supportive environment with Dr. Gracian!
Welcoming new clients! Dr. Enrique Gracian joined Therapy Lab in early 2020 after completing his Post-Doctoral Fellowship at the UCLA Semel Institute. Dr. Gracian is known for his compassion, intellect, and humor. With expertise in neuroscience, Dr. Gracian provides valuable insights and specializes in a range of treatments, including the Unified Protocol, CBT for Insomnia, CBT for IBS, DBT-based interpersonal skills, emotion regulation, positive psychology, VR-enhanced exposure therapy, and crisis response. Experience a supportive environment with Dr. Gracian!
(206) 203-7995 View (206) 203-7995
Photo of Brenda Gil Lopez - Oasis Sex Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Oasis Sex Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Seattle, WA 98103
Waitlist for new clients
Hi, I'm Brenda! I am a sex and trauma therapist and support adults experiencing complex trauma, shame, pain with intercourse, difficulty with orgasm, dissociation, and anxiety or aversion to sex. I also work with partnered folx to improve relationship dynamics and can address sexual concerns like desire discrepancy and communication challenges. I am especially passionate about collaborating with BIPOC and LGBTQIA+ folks.
Hi, I'm Brenda! I am a sex and trauma therapist and support adults experiencing complex trauma, shame, pain with intercourse, difficulty with orgasm, dissociation, and anxiety or aversion to sex. I also work with partnered folx to improve relationship dynamics and can address sexual concerns like desire discrepancy and communication challenges. I am especially passionate about collaborating with BIPOC and LGBTQIA+ folks.
(425) 399-5518 View (425) 399-5518
Photo of Claudia Mason, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Claudia Mason
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Online Only
I will respond to your courage, presence and willingness to trust our confidential sessions with respectful and goal-focused support. Wellness and mindfulness practice is integrated into each session. I work with adults facing, and attempting to balance, complex personal and professional obstacles to experiencing a satisfying everyday life. Marriage and couples counseling is a strong focus. Your unique and creative strengths orient us to discovering, and working through, challenging issues. My therapeutic style is compassionate and goal-focused, joining with you to understand your values, thoughts and actions.
I will respond to your courage, presence and willingness to trust our confidential sessions with respectful and goal-focused support. Wellness and mindfulness practice is integrated into each session. I work with adults facing, and attempting to balance, complex personal and professional obstacles to experiencing a satisfying everyday life. Marriage and couples counseling is a strong focus. Your unique and creative strengths orient us to discovering, and working through, challenging issues. My therapeutic style is compassionate and goal-focused, joining with you to understand your values, thoughts and actions.
(206) 966-6322 View (206) 966-6322
Photo of Olivia Aleman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Olivia Aleman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I'm a therapist offering compassionate, evidence-based therapy using CBT, ACT, and CETA. I support clients facing anxiety, depression, trauma, or life transitions in a collaborative space focused on practical tools and meaningful change. Soy terapeuta y ofrezco terapia compasiva y basada en evidencia utilizando TCC, ACT y CETA. Apoyo a personas que enfrentan ansiedad, depresión, trauma o transiciones de vida, en un espacio colaborativo enfocado en herramientas prácticas y cambios significativos.
I'm a therapist offering compassionate, evidence-based therapy using CBT, ACT, and CETA. I support clients facing anxiety, depression, trauma, or life transitions in a collaborative space focused on practical tools and meaningful change. Soy terapeuta y ofrezco terapia compasiva y basada en evidencia utilizando TCC, ACT y CETA. Apoyo a personas que enfrentan ansiedad, depresión, trauma o transiciones de vida, en un espacio colaborativo enfocado en herramientas prácticas y cambios significativos.
(206) 278-3248 View (206) 278-3248
Photo of Laura Flynn, Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Laura Flynn
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Online Only
I work with individual adults who are searching for how to live well, trust themselves, and identify and express their authentic self. Rather than viewing emotions as a problem to be solved, my approach involves exploring and understanding emotions in a way that is revealing and liberating. I have a particular interest in working with people facing life transitions (marriage, divorce, welcoming a child). challenges of parenthood, interpersonal relationship conflict, and issues of mid-life.
I work with individual adults who are searching for how to live well, trust themselves, and identify and express their authentic self. Rather than viewing emotions as a problem to be solved, my approach involves exploring and understanding emotions in a way that is revealing and liberating. I have a particular interest in working with people facing life transitions (marriage, divorce, welcoming a child). challenges of parenthood, interpersonal relationship conflict, and issues of mid-life.
(206) 279-1022 View (206) 279-1022
Photo of Ronica Sobiech, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Ronica Sobiech
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Online Only
Welcome! I’m Ronica Sobiech. Thank you for taking a moment to get to know me. Scheduling that first appointment for mental health can be tough. It is the hardest part of the journey. Finding a provider that fits your personality and needs can also be a challenge. Take a moment to get to know me to determine if you feel we will be a good fit to help you be a better version of you.
Welcome! I’m Ronica Sobiech. Thank you for taking a moment to get to know me. Scheduling that first appointment for mental health can be tough. It is the hardest part of the journey. Finding a provider that fits your personality and needs can also be a challenge. Take a moment to get to know me to determine if you feel we will be a good fit to help you be a better version of you.
(206) 208-1734 View (206) 208-1734
Photo of Lambert S Rochfort, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Lambert S Rochfort
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Seattle, WA 98104
I assist clients in building skills and acquiring tools to align their life with their values and vision. I help clients identify their own strengths and wisdom to effectively face life's challenges, achieve goals and create lasting changes. I consider the social and cultural factors that impact each person's ways of being, how they are treated in this world, and how they adapt to difficult experiences. I offer a collaborative, non-judgmental, creative and hopeful space that is conducive to self-exploration and transformation.
I assist clients in building skills and acquiring tools to align their life with their values and vision. I help clients identify their own strengths and wisdom to effectively face life's challenges, achieve goals and create lasting changes. I consider the social and cultural factors that impact each person's ways of being, how they are treated in this world, and how they adapt to difficult experiences. I offer a collaborative, non-judgmental, creative and hopeful space that is conducive to self-exploration and transformation.
(206) 207-0654 View (206) 207-0654
Photo of Enely Van Ness, Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC, MHP
Enely Van Ness
Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC, MHP
Online Only
I specialize in grief and loss; LGBTQ+ issues; depression and anxiety; and trauma processing. I approach therapy from a place of curiosity, humor, and collaboration. It can be difficult to go through challenges alone and sometimes we need an outside perspective to challenge the unhelpful and negative narratives we have constructed for ourselves during those challenging times. I am here to help uncover and create a narrative that reflects your strengths and intrinsic identity.
I specialize in grief and loss; LGBTQ+ issues; depression and anxiety; and trauma processing. I approach therapy from a place of curiosity, humor, and collaboration. It can be difficult to go through challenges alone and sometimes we need an outside perspective to challenge the unhelpful and negative narratives we have constructed for ourselves during those challenging times. I am here to help uncover and create a narrative that reflects your strengths and intrinsic identity.
(206) 537-0675 View (206) 537-0675
Photo of Kelly White, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Kelly White
Counselor, MA, LMHC
2 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98122
I enjoy helping clients move through stuck points in their lives. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, career dissatisfaction, relationship issues, low self-esteem, or other life transitions, I can help you identify what is holding you back and create an action plan to help you build the kind of life you want and deserve. Working collaboratively, I will help you enhance your self-awareness, pinpoint unhelpful thought and behavior patterns, build skills necessary to handle life more effectively, and develop values-guided actions to reach your goals. Difficulties don't have to stop you.
I enjoy helping clients move through stuck points in their lives. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, career dissatisfaction, relationship issues, low self-esteem, or other life transitions, I can help you identify what is holding you back and create an action plan to help you build the kind of life you want and deserve. Working collaboratively, I will help you enhance your self-awareness, pinpoint unhelpful thought and behavior patterns, build skills necessary to handle life more effectively, and develop values-guided actions to reach your goals. Difficulties don't have to stop you.
(206) 210-3657 View (206) 210-3657
Photo of Pindy Dhesi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Pindy Dhesi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you coping with anxiety, depression, perfectionism, codependency, people pleasing, chronic pain, burnout, or strained relationships? Are your relationships unfulfilling, and you struggle to keep up with life demands? My clients seek therapy in a safe and non-judgmental environment to address trauma-related difficulties and relationship challenges. Their goals include overcoming childhood and relationship traumas, improving self-esteem, and developing solid relationships with healthy boundaries. Together, we navigate this path, promoting individual growth and healing while restoring harmony in relationships.
Are you coping with anxiety, depression, perfectionism, codependency, people pleasing, chronic pain, burnout, or strained relationships? Are your relationships unfulfilling, and you struggle to keep up with life demands? My clients seek therapy in a safe and non-judgmental environment to address trauma-related difficulties and relationship challenges. Their goals include overcoming childhood and relationship traumas, improving self-esteem, and developing solid relationships with healthy boundaries. Together, we navigate this path, promoting individual growth and healing while restoring harmony in relationships.
(206) 502-4601 View (206) 502-4601
Photo of Carrie Campbell, LPC Intern, MEd, RMHCI, LMHA
Carrie Campbell
LPC Intern, MEd, RMHCI, LMHA
Seattle, WA 98104
Are you or someone you love struggling with sadness, anxiety, anger outbursts, attention deficit, low self-esteem, poor self-image, self-harm or emotional dysregulation? Have your problems increased to the point that they are negatively affecting your school performance, family and other relationships? You are doing the best to manage and resolve the issue yourself, but it is not working. Please don't feel alone. Many problems are based on a skill deficit, and that by improving a client's coping skills, they can live a happier, more productive life. I have partnered with Mindful Therapy Group for scheduling and billing.
Are you or someone you love struggling with sadness, anxiety, anger outbursts, attention deficit, low self-esteem, poor self-image, self-harm or emotional dysregulation? Have your problems increased to the point that they are negatively affecting your school performance, family and other relationships? You are doing the best to manage and resolve the issue yourself, but it is not working. Please don't feel alone. Many problems are based on a skill deficit, and that by improving a client's coping skills, they can live a happier, more productive life. I have partnered with Mindful Therapy Group for scheduling and billing.
(206) 752-6172 View (206) 752-6172
Photo of Emily Patterson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LMSW
Emily Patterson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I specialize in therapy working with adults as they navigate: life transitions, anxiety, depression, divorce/break-ups, questions of identity, relationship and dating struggles, family of origin and complex trauma, PTSD, and attachment issues. I believe in supporting my clients in their desire to find more wholeness, aliveness, acceptance, and peace within themselves. The therapeutic relationship is at the core of my work with clients.
I specialize in therapy working with adults as they navigate: life transitions, anxiety, depression, divorce/break-ups, questions of identity, relationship and dating struggles, family of origin and complex trauma, PTSD, and attachment issues. I believe in supporting my clients in their desire to find more wholeness, aliveness, acceptance, and peace within themselves. The therapeutic relationship is at the core of my work with clients.
(360) 342-9231 View (360) 342-9231
Photo of Margaret Certain, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Margaret Certain
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Seattle, WA 98107
Waitlist for new clients
Recognizing the need to work on a problem demonstrates courage. I work collaboratively with adult individuals, couples, and families (including teens and children) interested in personal and relational growth. Couples and families in conflict, adult individuals seeking better relationship skills, and individuals wanting relief from trauma are all part of my practice.
Recognizing the need to work on a problem demonstrates courage. I work collaboratively with adult individuals, couples, and families (including teens and children) interested in personal and relational growth. Couples and families in conflict, adult individuals seeking better relationship skills, and individuals wanting relief from trauma are all part of my practice.
(206) 737-0730 View (206) 737-0730

See more therapy options for Seattle

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Seattle, WA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Seattle, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
71% Stress
69% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Premera Blue Cross
66% Aetna
60% Regence

How Therapists in Seattle, WA see their clients

53% Online Only
47% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

75% Female
20% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Seattle?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.