Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Melissa Buckley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Melissa Buckley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60606  (Online Only)
Greetings! I'm Mel B, a multifaceted individual who proudly juggles various roles - a devoted partner, an adoring cat parent, a credentialed therapist and self-care advocate, a lover of iced coffee, and a shameless Swiftie. My core mission is to uplift and assist women in their 20s and early 30s in embracing and leading lives that are truly reflective of their deepest desires and values. I focus on things like relationships, college, careers, anxiety, and ADHD symptoms.
Greetings! I'm Mel B, a multifaceted individual who proudly juggles various roles - a devoted partner, an adoring cat parent, a credentialed therapist and self-care advocate, a lover of iced coffee, and a shameless Swiftie. My core mission is to uplift and assist women in their 20s and early 30s in embracing and leading lives that are truly reflective of their deepest desires and values. I focus on things like relationships, college, careers, anxiety, and ADHD symptoms.
(224) 298-8143 View (224) 298-8143
Photo of Interwoven Community Counseling Center, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Interwoven Community Counseling Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60654
Located on the campus of The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, one of the nation's foremost educators of counselors and psychologists, Interwoven Community Counseling Center offers high-quality, affordable counseling services to the general community at our Merchandise Mart location. Let our expertise help you negotiate personal challenges and life's difficult times. We're here to help!
Located on the campus of The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, one of the nation's foremost educators of counselors and psychologists, Interwoven Community Counseling Center offers high-quality, affordable counseling services to the general community at our Merchandise Mart location. Let our expertise help you negotiate personal challenges and life's difficult times. We're here to help!
(872) 666-9960 View (872) 666-9960
Photo of Caroline Srbeny, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Caroline Srbeny
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614  (Online Only)
If you're here, I'm guessing you feel overwhelmed, frustrated, or straight up exhausted. Maybe you've always felt different from other people without really knowing why, and you want a therapist who actually understands. You've come to the right place! As an autistic therapist, I strive to provide a safe and comfortable space in which you can explore the thoughts and feelings weighing you down without judgment. My approach is authentic - I want you to feel like you're talking to a real person. In turn, I won't ever ask you to change who you are, but instead, to live fully as the person you want to be.
If you're here, I'm guessing you feel overwhelmed, frustrated, or straight up exhausted. Maybe you've always felt different from other people without really knowing why, and you want a therapist who actually understands. You've come to the right place! As an autistic therapist, I strive to provide a safe and comfortable space in which you can explore the thoughts and feelings weighing you down without judgment. My approach is authentic - I want you to feel like you're talking to a real person. In turn, I won't ever ask you to change who you are, but instead, to live fully as the person you want to be.
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Photo of Dr. Tameer -, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Dr. Tameer -
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60616  (Online Only)
I believe we are most content when we are most in alignment with our true selves. Discontent, then, is more of a disconnect with who we truly are. It is a pain that can take on many forms (e.g. stress, sadness, loneliness, anxiety, anger, grief, exhaustion) and serves the purpose of bringing to our awareness, aspects of our self that need to be attended to rather than ignored. I believe the foundation of a helping relationship lies in fostering a safe space in which a person can show up as they are in the presence of someone who holds them in positive regard while highlighting their strengths and exploring together areas of growth.
I believe we are most content when we are most in alignment with our true selves. Discontent, then, is more of a disconnect with who we truly are. It is a pain that can take on many forms (e.g. stress, sadness, loneliness, anxiety, anger, grief, exhaustion) and serves the purpose of bringing to our awareness, aspects of our self that need to be attended to rather than ignored. I believe the foundation of a helping relationship lies in fostering a safe space in which a person can show up as they are in the presence of someone who holds them in positive regard while highlighting their strengths and exploring together areas of growth.
(312) 766-8682 View (312) 766-8682
Photo of Susan Pelton, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Susan Pelton
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60604
The clients who come to me are having difficulty creating the lives that they want for themselves. Sometimes this is due to trauma in their background and other times it is due to other things that are blocking their personal goals such as grief or a break-up/divorce. Clients who work best with me are ones who want to build their internal resources so that they can knowingly move forward in whatever direction they choose.
The clients who come to me are having difficulty creating the lives that they want for themselves. Sometimes this is due to trauma in their background and other times it is due to other things that are blocking their personal goals such as grief or a break-up/divorce. Clients who work best with me are ones who want to build their internal resources so that they can knowingly move forward in whatever direction they choose.
(312) 436-0601 View (312) 436-0601
Photo of Christopher Legan, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Christopher Legan
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60629
Good Day! My name is Christopher Legan and I have been practicing as a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor for the last 20 years. I have worked with children, elderly and adults with issues including anxiety, depression, coping skills, stress, and many more. My approach is an integrative style with proficiencies in CBT, DBT, Rational Emotive, Gestalt, Person-Centered, among others, and I listen and understand your situation(s) to help reduce the symptoms of emotional distress and make our existence more meaningful.
Good Day! My name is Christopher Legan and I have been practicing as a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor for the last 20 years. I have worked with children, elderly and adults with issues including anxiety, depression, coping skills, stress, and many more. My approach is an integrative style with proficiencies in CBT, DBT, Rational Emotive, Gestalt, Person-Centered, among others, and I listen and understand your situation(s) to help reduce the symptoms of emotional distress and make our existence more meaningful.
(217) 749-1311 View (217) 749-1311
Photo of Amber Reed, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Amber Reed
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC, RYT-200, CODP I, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60622
Amber Reed is a licensed clinical social worker who earned her Master’s Degree in Social Work at Aurora University. Those who know Amber best would describe her as outgoing, funny, empathetic, authentic, and direct. Amber believes that therapy can provide individuals opportunity for growth, guidance through uncomfortable emotions, and a space to reflect and find a deeper connection with the self. Ultimately, she wants to use empathy and motivation to inspire and guide those who have been struggling or feel alone with their thoughts or emotions.
Amber Reed is a licensed clinical social worker who earned her Master’s Degree in Social Work at Aurora University. Those who know Amber best would describe her as outgoing, funny, empathetic, authentic, and direct. Amber believes that therapy can provide individuals opportunity for growth, guidance through uncomfortable emotions, and a space to reflect and find a deeper connection with the self. Ultimately, she wants to use empathy and motivation to inspire and guide those who have been struggling or feel alone with their thoughts or emotions.
(773) 906-4647 View (773) 906-4647
Photo of Natalia Gurmendi, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Natalia Gurmendi
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
Addressing mental health concerns isn’t easy. It can be nerve-wrecking and anxiety-provoking but it also takes a lot of courage to advocate for yourself. As a trained art therapist, my goal is to assist you in achieving emotional balance by providing you with the option of exploring therapy through a different lens. At times, we can lose sight of the options available when seeking support. I’m here to help you harness your strengths. I’m here to help you harness your strengths. When you can experience the ability to regulate and control your emotions, you’ll find yourself feeling empowered.
Addressing mental health concerns isn’t easy. It can be nerve-wrecking and anxiety-provoking but it also takes a lot of courage to advocate for yourself. As a trained art therapist, my goal is to assist you in achieving emotional balance by providing you with the option of exploring therapy through a different lens. At times, we can lose sight of the options available when seeking support. I’m here to help you harness your strengths. I’m here to help you harness your strengths. When you can experience the ability to regulate and control your emotions, you’ll find yourself feeling empowered.
(872) 276-8269 View (872) 276-8269
Photo of Cristina Camaras Lieberson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Cristina Camaras Lieberson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients. I specialize in generalized anxiety, social and performance anxiety, panic attacks, developmental trauma, complex PTSD, depression, attachment disorders, attachment issues in romantic relations, body image issues, and low self-esteem. Additional focus chronic occupational stress, academic success, career development.
Accepting new clients. I specialize in generalized anxiety, social and performance anxiety, panic attacks, developmental trauma, complex PTSD, depression, attachment disorders, attachment issues in romantic relations, body image issues, and low self-esteem. Additional focus chronic occupational stress, academic success, career development.
(312) 278-3802 View (312) 278-3802
Photo of Britt Raphling, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Britt Raphling
Counselor, LCPC, CGP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
My goal is to help clients feel less alone in their struggles and more understood, as they work on what they wish to change in their lives and relationships. I believe that what has happened in our past shapes who we are today, and I help the people I work with explore the influence of the past in order to create a more fulfilling present. Within the therapeutic relationship, clients can practice and integrate more balanced ways to express themselves and connect with others. I integrate ideas and practices from relational psychodynamic, interpersonal, and modern psychoanalytic orientations.
My goal is to help clients feel less alone in their struggles and more understood, as they work on what they wish to change in their lives and relationships. I believe that what has happened in our past shapes who we are today, and I help the people I work with explore the influence of the past in order to create a more fulfilling present. Within the therapeutic relationship, clients can practice and integrate more balanced ways to express themselves and connect with others. I integrate ideas and practices from relational psychodynamic, interpersonal, and modern psychoanalytic orientations.
(773) 599-1908 View (773) 599-1908
Illinois Autism Center
BCBA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
At Illinois Autism Center, we commit ourselves daily to the goal of making a positive and enduring impact on the well-being and lives of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Centrally located in the downtown core of Chicago’s greater metropolitan area, we pride ourselves on being a leading service provider for ASD kids across the behavioral spectrum. Our therapies are based on Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA), which is scientifically proven and recognized as the most effective treatment for kids with ASD today. Illinois Autism Center 1660 N La Salle Dr. Unit C007 Chicago, IL 60614 312-248-1801
At Illinois Autism Center, we commit ourselves daily to the goal of making a positive and enduring impact on the well-being and lives of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Centrally located in the downtown core of Chicago’s greater metropolitan area, we pride ourselves on being a leading service provider for ASD kids across the behavioral spectrum. Our therapies are based on Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA), which is scientifically proven and recognized as the most effective treatment for kids with ASD today. Illinois Autism Center 1660 N La Salle Dr. Unit C007 Chicago, IL 60614 312-248-1801
(773) 839-4479 View (773) 839-4479
Photo of Erica Venezia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Erica Venezia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60616  (Online Only)
Erica Venezia is a Licensed Master of Social Work in Maryland, the District of Columbia, Illinois, and Massachusetts. I am currently accepting new clients at Northeast Family Services for telehealth therapy in Illinois and Massachusetts. I have prior field experience in assertive community treatment with severe mental illness as well as outpatient therapy with college students and emerging adults. I have experience working with clients that live with depression, anxiety, school-related difficulties, life transition challenges, grief/loss, disordered eating, and severe mental illness.
Erica Venezia is a Licensed Master of Social Work in Maryland, the District of Columbia, Illinois, and Massachusetts. I am currently accepting new clients at Northeast Family Services for telehealth therapy in Illinois and Massachusetts. I have prior field experience in assertive community treatment with severe mental illness as well as outpatient therapy with college students and emerging adults. I have experience working with clients that live with depression, anxiety, school-related difficulties, life transition challenges, grief/loss, disordered eating, and severe mental illness.
(443) 508-7846 View (443) 508-7846
Photo of Rowan Tree Counseling, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rowan Tree Counseling
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
Life is full of “shoulds.” Family, friends, and society often have a very clear idea of the path we’re supposed to be on, but we believe that peace and empowerment lie in finding your own path- worrying less about the expectations of others and more about what you want your life to look like. Taking an alternative path or changing route along the way is difficult. Therapy can help as you strive to be true to yourself on the journey. We offer a space where individuals learn to utilize their personal strengths to live their most meaningful lives, develop fulfilling relationships, and find true liberation.
Life is full of “shoulds.” Family, friends, and society often have a very clear idea of the path we’re supposed to be on, but we believe that peace and empowerment lie in finding your own path- worrying less about the expectations of others and more about what you want your life to look like. Taking an alternative path or changing route along the way is difficult. Therapy can help as you strive to be true to yourself on the journey. We offer a space where individuals learn to utilize their personal strengths to live their most meaningful lives, develop fulfilling relationships, and find true liberation.
(872) 205-3335 View (872) 205-3335
Photo of Jacqueline Westin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jacqueline Westin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PEL, LSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
I work with adolescents and adults who are experiencing significant life transitions, relationship challenges, trauma or PTSD, depression and anxiety, or struggling to deal with shame and low self-esteem. I also work with men’s issues and LGBTQ+ issues. My area of expertise is working with individuals who are overcoming painful emotions such as guilt, shame, or inadequacy that have been holding them back from living their best lives.
I work with adolescents and adults who are experiencing significant life transitions, relationship challenges, trauma or PTSD, depression and anxiety, or struggling to deal with shame and low self-esteem. I also work with men’s issues and LGBTQ+ issues. My area of expertise is working with individuals who are overcoming painful emotions such as guilt, shame, or inadequacy that have been holding them back from living their best lives.
(872) 219-0665 View (872) 219-0665
Photo of Nataliya Valiaeva, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Nataliya Valiaeva
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60642  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, panic, phobias, PTSD, addictions, obsessive-compulsive, bipolar and personality disorders. I can help you navigate perfectionism, performance - related and social anxiety, and complex PTSD symptoms stemming from trauma, abuse, or neglect. I also help my clients with work-related stress, high conflict situations, and life transitions.
I specialize in treating anxiety, depression, panic, phobias, PTSD, addictions, obsessive-compulsive, bipolar and personality disorders. I can help you navigate perfectionism, performance - related and social anxiety, and complex PTSD symptoms stemming from trauma, abuse, or neglect. I also help my clients with work-related stress, high conflict situations, and life transitions.
(708) 859-7804 View (708) 859-7804
Photo of Kayla Crump, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Chicago, IL
Kayla Crump
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60605
One of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story! I believe that everyone should feel seen, heard, and affirmed! It is incredibly natural to feel overwhelmed in our present world. Yet, life is way too short to surrender to unhealthy relationships, self-esteem issues, rough life transitions, trauma, grief, anger, depression, or anxiety… to name a few. I strive to help you achieve whatever solutions and life change you are looking for while finding purpose in all your life areas and experiencing yourself in new ways. I am dedicated to keeping couples healthy, relationships loving, and individuals balanced.
One of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story! I believe that everyone should feel seen, heard, and affirmed! It is incredibly natural to feel overwhelmed in our present world. Yet, life is way too short to surrender to unhealthy relationships, self-esteem issues, rough life transitions, trauma, grief, anger, depression, or anxiety… to name a few. I strive to help you achieve whatever solutions and life change you are looking for while finding purpose in all your life areas and experiencing yourself in new ways. I am dedicated to keeping couples healthy, relationships loving, and individuals balanced.
(312) 847-3559 x1 View (312) 847-3559 x1
Photo of Albe Gutierrez, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Albe Gutierrez
Pre-Licensed Professional, MAATC, BFA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
I'm Albe (she/her/ella), also known as Miss Albe, a bilingual (English/Spanish) art therapist working with individuals and groups among Chicago’s various LGBTQIA+ and Spanish-speaking communities. I view therapy as a collaborative experience designed to enhance personal insight, coping skills, & communication techniques through various avenues of self-expression. I am a kink and poly aware therapist with a strong background in direct service, advocacy, and engagement with the LGBTQIA+ community and transgender women of color in particular.
I'm Albe (she/her/ella), also known as Miss Albe, a bilingual (English/Spanish) art therapist working with individuals and groups among Chicago’s various LGBTQIA+ and Spanish-speaking communities. I view therapy as a collaborative experience designed to enhance personal insight, coping skills, & communication techniques through various avenues of self-expression. I am a kink and poly aware therapist with a strong background in direct service, advocacy, and engagement with the LGBTQIA+ community and transgender women of color in particular.
(773) 694-8550 View (773) 694-8550
Photo of Haneen Efein, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Haneen Efein
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
It takes a lot of courage to begin therapy. If you are here and considering beginning treatment, congratulations on taking the biggest step of all! My approach involves creating a supportive, non- judgmental and empathic environment in which clients feel seen, heard, and most importantly, understood. My focus is on maximizing client autonomy. I believe the therapeutic relationship is the most important part of the therapeutic process as clients often are faced with their most vulnerable selves.
It takes a lot of courage to begin therapy. If you are here and considering beginning treatment, congratulations on taking the biggest step of all! My approach involves creating a supportive, non- judgmental and empathic environment in which clients feel seen, heard, and most importantly, understood. My focus is on maximizing client autonomy. I believe the therapeutic relationship is the most important part of the therapeutic process as clients often are faced with their most vulnerable selves.
(872) 246-8863 View (872) 246-8863
Photo of Ariel Kimble, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Chicago, IL
Ariel Kimble
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, ALMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
I am a queer mental health professional who uses trauma-informed care to create a safe, inclusive, and empowering space for all clients of any background. I work with only adults who typically present cPTSD (Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). Many of them come to me seeking help for their religious trauma, betrayal/abandonment trauma, out of control sexual behaviors, eating disorders, and relationship issues.
I am a queer mental health professional who uses trauma-informed care to create a safe, inclusive, and empowering space for all clients of any background. I work with only adults who typically present cPTSD (Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). Many of them come to me seeking help for their religious trauma, betrayal/abandonment trauma, out of control sexual behaviors, eating disorders, and relationship issues.
(872) 201-6480 View (872) 201-6480
Photo of Kristin Englund, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kristin Englund
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
Do you recognize the acronyms TTC, IVF, GC, or TFMR? Are you on a reproductive journey? Maybe you've had a pregnancy loss or things haven't gone the way you expected along the way. Perhaps you have experienced grief while growing your family or in relationship with your own parents. You may be navigating your journey alone or with a chosen family. Intended parents, pregnant people, and non-birthing partners need support during these important life changes and challenges. If any of this resonates with you, let's talk more.
Do you recognize the acronyms TTC, IVF, GC, or TFMR? Are you on a reproductive journey? Maybe you've had a pregnancy loss or things haven't gone the way you expected along the way. Perhaps you have experienced grief while growing your family or in relationship with your own parents. You may be navigating your journey alone or with a chosen family. Intended parents, pregnant people, and non-birthing partners need support during these important life changes and challenges. If any of this resonates with you, let's talk more.
(773) 207-6820 View (773) 207-6820

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.