Therapists in Cicero, IL

Photo of Michael R Vargas, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michael R Vargas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
Diving into the therapeutic process can often be overwhelming and perhaps daunting at times. It is definitely a big shift required from us to be vulnerable and open with our concerns to a stranger. Michael has also felt these similar feelings when beginning his own therapeutic journey. Michael has learned that looking for an ideal fit would mean finding someone who is compassionate, unconditional, empathic, and humorous. Michael has enriched these traits throughout the years which has laid the foundation to create the same safe, inviting, and accepting space for his clients.
Diving into the therapeutic process can often be overwhelming and perhaps daunting at times. It is definitely a big shift required from us to be vulnerable and open with our concerns to a stranger. Michael has also felt these similar feelings when beginning his own therapeutic journey. Michael has learned that looking for an ideal fit would mean finding someone who is compassionate, unconditional, empathic, and humorous. Michael has enriched these traits throughout the years which has laid the foundation to create the same safe, inviting, and accepting space for his clients.
(773) 207-3793 View (773) 207-3793
Photo of Alejandra Alvarez, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alejandra Alvarez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
I have experience working with teens that have emotional learning disabilities and navigating cultural identity.
I have experience working with teens that have emotional learning disabilities and navigating cultural identity.
View
Photo of Bianka Diaz, MA, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bianka Diaz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
In our therapy sessions, you'll be provided with a safe space where you can face your fears, shed tears, celebrate your achievements, and heal your heart. I invite you to take off “the mask” you wear for the world and get to know the narrative you've become familiar with so we can better understand the obstacles constraining you. The journey to a healthy mental state and peace of mind is possible when we allow ourselves to gradually work towards becoming the best version of ourselves.
In our therapy sessions, you'll be provided with a safe space where you can face your fears, shed tears, celebrate your achievements, and heal your heart. I invite you to take off “the mask” you wear for the world and get to know the narrative you've become familiar with so we can better understand the obstacles constraining you. The journey to a healthy mental state and peace of mind is possible when we allow ourselves to gradually work towards becoming the best version of ourselves.
(224) 298-7647 View (224) 298-7647
Photo of Alejandro Garrido, PhD, Psychologist
Alejandro Garrido
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, I have spent numerous years working with individuals, couples and families ranging from adolescence through adulthood, with a variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, chronic pain, stress management, PTSD, ADHD, adjustment to life changes and/or medical treatments, grief and loss issues; parenting concerns; couple issues; or problems coping with daily stress. If you have some of these concerns, you can experience emotional, mental and relational healing. I employ a collaborative, supportive and confidential approach to work together on your therapy goals.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, I have spent numerous years working with individuals, couples and families ranging from adolescence through adulthood, with a variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, chronic pain, stress management, PTSD, ADHD, adjustment to life changes and/or medical treatments, grief and loss issues; parenting concerns; couple issues; or problems coping with daily stress. If you have some of these concerns, you can experience emotional, mental and relational healing. I employ a collaborative, supportive and confidential approach to work together on your therapy goals.
(773) 570-1271 View (773) 570-1271
Photo of Mariana Gonzalez, LPC, MAATC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mariana Gonzalez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MAATC
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
My ideal client may be grappling with questions of identity, purpose, or direction. They may feel disconnected from themselves, unsure of where they belong, or uncertain about their next steps. They're learning to reconnect with their authentic self and find clarity. Their goal is to explore their emotions through creative expression whether it’s art, writing, or other forms of self-exploration and explore who they are at their core and learn how to live in alignment with their values. They are tired of feeling lost or like they’re living someone else’s life, and they’re ready to make meaningful changes.
My ideal client may be grappling with questions of identity, purpose, or direction. They may feel disconnected from themselves, unsure of where they belong, or uncertain about their next steps. They're learning to reconnect with their authentic self and find clarity. Their goal is to explore their emotions through creative expression whether it’s art, writing, or other forms of self-exploration and explore who they are at their core and learn how to live in alignment with their values. They are tired of feeling lost or like they’re living someone else’s life, and they’re ready to make meaningful changes.
(708) 847-4760 View (708) 847-4760
Photo of Brianna Butler, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brianna Butler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
Hi! I am Brianna, a Licensed Clinical Social worker in the state of Illinois. I have been practicing for 4 years. I work with adults and teens who are experiencing grief, depression, anxiety, career challenges, family/relationship concerns, and much more! My goal is to assist you in becoming the best version of yourself! I look forward to supporting you on your journey.
Hi! I am Brianna, a Licensed Clinical Social worker in the state of Illinois. I have been practicing for 4 years. I work with adults and teens who are experiencing grief, depression, anxiety, career challenges, family/relationship concerns, and much more! My goal is to assist you in becoming the best version of yourself! I look forward to supporting you on your journey.
(708) 719-9916 View (708) 719-9916
Photo of Nilsa Ruiz, LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nilsa Ruiz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
Nilsa is a culturally competent bilingual clinician with a passionate focus on helping individuals, couples, adolescents, and families in overcoming generational trauma and destructive Mental Health related issues. As a Latina, Nilsa understands the barriers and stigma around Mental Health Services in marginalized communities and the effects it has in black and brown communities. She believes in the power of understanding her client’s story, experience, and social factors that has shaped them in who they are today regardless, of their race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion or any other status.
Nilsa is a culturally competent bilingual clinician with a passionate focus on helping individuals, couples, adolescents, and families in overcoming generational trauma and destructive Mental Health related issues. As a Latina, Nilsa understands the barriers and stigma around Mental Health Services in marginalized communities and the effects it has in black and brown communities. She believes in the power of understanding her client’s story, experience, and social factors that has shaped them in who they are today regardless, of their race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion or any other status.
(708) 554-7466 View (708) 554-7466
Photo of Nashat Ali, LCPC
Nashat Ali
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
My name is Dr. Nashat Shams, and I'm a physician and a Health Psychologist who has worked in this industry since 2005. I have vast experience in counseling individuals with diverse cultural backgrounds and with different age groups. I don't treat diagnoses but clients with compassion and empathy. My interventional approach is CBT, Mindful, and TEAM-CBT. Due to my family background, I'm sensitive to and respectful of various cultures and social backgrounds. I started the journey as a physician and finally became a Ph.D. clinician as I found that the human body cannot be treated without having a healthy mind.
My name is Dr. Nashat Shams, and I'm a physician and a Health Psychologist who has worked in this industry since 2005. I have vast experience in counseling individuals with diverse cultural backgrounds and with different age groups. I don't treat diagnoses but clients with compassion and empathy. My interventional approach is CBT, Mindful, and TEAM-CBT. Due to my family background, I'm sensitive to and respectful of various cultures and social backgrounds. I started the journey as a physician and finally became a Ph.D. clinician as I found that the human body cannot be treated without having a healthy mind.
(309) 761-5695 View (309) 761-5695
Photo of Jennifer L Jackson, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Jennifer L Jackson
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
Hello, my name is Jennifer Lee Jackson, and I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with over 14 years of clinical experience working with clients living with depression, anxiety, Bipolar Disorder, ADHD, Excoriation Disorder, addiction, unhelpful thinking styles, low self-esteem, codependency, poor boundary setting, PMDD, and trauma. I am an eclectic therapist who uses Cognitive Behavioral, Dialectical, Eclectic, Psychodynamic, and Couples Therapy during treatment with my clients. I believe in creating an egalitarian relationship with you to foster a safe and empowering environment for long-term recovery and stability.
Hello, my name is Jennifer Lee Jackson, and I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with over 14 years of clinical experience working with clients living with depression, anxiety, Bipolar Disorder, ADHD, Excoriation Disorder, addiction, unhelpful thinking styles, low self-esteem, codependency, poor boundary setting, PMDD, and trauma. I am an eclectic therapist who uses Cognitive Behavioral, Dialectical, Eclectic, Psychodynamic, and Couples Therapy during treatment with my clients. I believe in creating an egalitarian relationship with you to foster a safe and empowering environment for long-term recovery and stability.
(312) 626-7594 View (312) 626-7594
Photo of Montcerrat G Sanchez, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Montcerrat G Sanchez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
My ideal client is a young Latino adult or teenager facing challenges like anxiety, depression, and cultural pressures. They need a culturally sensitive space to explore their identity, manage stress, and build coping skills. Their goals include gaining confidence, reducing mental health symptoms, and developing resilience. They seek understanding and empowerment, motivated by the desire to overcome barriers and contribute positively to their community. They want a therapist who supports their journey toward wellness and success.
My ideal client is a young Latino adult or teenager facing challenges like anxiety, depression, and cultural pressures. They need a culturally sensitive space to explore their identity, manage stress, and build coping skills. Their goals include gaining confidence, reducing mental health symptoms, and developing resilience. They seek understanding and empowerment, motivated by the desire to overcome barriers and contribute positively to their community. They want a therapist who supports their journey toward wellness and success.
(708) 419-4725 View (708) 419-4725
Photo of Sierra Larson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sierra Larson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
Hi! I am Sierra Larson, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 6 years of clinical experience working with all age groups in areas such as anxiety, depression, life transitions, and stress. I use a variety of treatments such as CBT, DBT, TF-CBT, Play, Solution-Focused, and Strength-Based Practices to help you become who you want to become. I believe in growth, change, and that anyone is capable of making their life what they want it to be with some help.
Hi! I am Sierra Larson, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 6 years of clinical experience working with all age groups in areas such as anxiety, depression, life transitions, and stress. I use a variety of treatments such as CBT, DBT, TF-CBT, Play, Solution-Focused, and Strength-Based Practices to help you become who you want to become. I believe in growth, change, and that anyone is capable of making their life what they want it to be with some help.
(312) 626-7594 View (312) 626-7594
Photo of Dalia Chavez, Intern, Pre-Licensed Professional
Dalia Chavez
Pre-Licensed Professional, Intern
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cicero, IL 60804
Not accepting new clients
I provide individual, couple, and family therapy and work with individuals from various backgrounds and orientations. I specialize in anxiety, depression, stress management, childhood trauma, grief, PTSD, life transitions, ADHD, emotional support for parents, self-esteem, setting healthy boundaries, and assertiveness training.
I provide individual, couple, and family therapy and work with individuals from various backgrounds and orientations. I specialize in anxiety, depression, stress management, childhood trauma, grief, PTSD, life transitions, ADHD, emotional support for parents, self-esteem, setting healthy boundaries, and assertiveness training.
(773) 916-5643 View (773) 916-5643
Photo of Elizabeth Bakula, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth Bakula
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. Utilizing a compassionate, non-judgmental, and collaborative approach, I work with clients to increase self-awareness and identify and express emotions and develop healthy coping skills in order to build a more positive relationship with themselves and those around them. I believe therapy is a shared experience in which we talk through the difficult topics together in order to find healing. I utilize a Relational approach, to help adults identify patterns of relationships throughout their lives while identifying positive support systems.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. Utilizing a compassionate, non-judgmental, and collaborative approach, I work with clients to increase self-awareness and identify and express emotions and develop healthy coping skills in order to build a more positive relationship with themselves and those around them. I believe therapy is a shared experience in which we talk through the difficult topics together in order to find healing. I utilize a Relational approach, to help adults identify patterns of relationships throughout their lives while identifying positive support systems.
(773) 207-3559 View (773) 207-3559
Photo of Jesse L Munoz, MSW, LCSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jesse L Munoz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
Let's start with honoring life... Due to my extensive background and years of professional experience, I am comfortable working with children, youth, adults, couples, and families. I started my training/experience with children and continued servicing all ages. I have worked in many venues of service: mental health, medical, educational, hospice, trauma, supervisory, administrative... providing services to people facing situations that are unknown or a challenge to them. Depression, anxiety (and all the features associated with these two diagnostics), as well as relational and other life issues, are areas that I service.
Let's start with honoring life... Due to my extensive background and years of professional experience, I am comfortable working with children, youth, adults, couples, and families. I started my training/experience with children and continued servicing all ages. I have worked in many venues of service: mental health, medical, educational, hospice, trauma, supervisory, administrative... providing services to people facing situations that are unknown or a challenge to them. Depression, anxiety (and all the features associated with these two diagnostics), as well as relational and other life issues, are areas that I service.
(708) 689-4434 View (708) 689-4434
Photo of Kevin J Franke - Kevin Franke, Ph.D., PhD, Psychologist
Kevin Franke, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
I start with a thorough assessment of your current concerns. I take a broad-minded, non-judgmental approach to understanding what you are looking for help with. I try to be helpful by offering feedback and new perspectives and insights. I understand that you have probably already attempted several ways to address your concerns and by now you are most likely frustrated and worried. I will take a proactive and positive approach to your participation by helping you identify your personal strengths and assets that you can then use to develop a new and better response to your concerns.
I start with a thorough assessment of your current concerns. I take a broad-minded, non-judgmental approach to understanding what you are looking for help with. I try to be helpful by offering feedback and new perspectives and insights. I understand that you have probably already attempted several ways to address your concerns and by now you are most likely frustrated and worried. I will take a proactive and positive approach to your participation by helping you identify your personal strengths and assets that you can then use to develop a new and better response to your concerns.
(312) 756-0573 View (312) 756-0573
Photo of Yvette Camacho, MA, LCPC, Counselor
Yvette Camacho
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cicero, IL 60804  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I help people achieve healing and wellness in their lives by focusing on positivity and internal strengths. I believe the mind and the body connect and affect one another. This is why I believe therapy can help people who are feeling overwhelmed with big emotions, having difficulties with life transitions, struggling with past traumas, feeling anxieties over the future, repair or create healthy connections or relationships with others and obtain inner peace.
I help people achieve healing and wellness in their lives by focusing on positivity and internal strengths. I believe the mind and the body connect and affect one another. This is why I believe therapy can help people who are feeling overwhelmed with big emotions, having difficulties with life transitions, struggling with past traumas, feeling anxieties over the future, repair or create healthy connections or relationships with others and obtain inner peace.
(312) 626-6601 View (312) 626-6601
Photo of Michele M Martin, LMFT, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michele M Martin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PhD
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
The future feels uncertain and we are more anxious or depressed. We are busy with long "to do" lists, yet feel lonely and disconnected from others. We rely more on partners/spouses to meet our needs or simply avoid them by scrolling on our phones. Our children are caught up on social media and we worry about their chances for happiness and success. How do we manage what feels overwhelming and outside our control? How do we find time to think? Therapy is a space to slow it down and make needed changes. I will help you quiet the racing thoughts and create a better understanding of who you are and what you want in your life.
The future feels uncertain and we are more anxious or depressed. We are busy with long "to do" lists, yet feel lonely and disconnected from others. We rely more on partners/spouses to meet our needs or simply avoid them by scrolling on our phones. Our children are caught up on social media and we worry about their chances for happiness and success. How do we manage what feels overwhelming and outside our control? How do we find time to think? Therapy is a space to slow it down and make needed changes. I will help you quiet the racing thoughts and create a better understanding of who you are and what you want in your life.
(847) 416-0909 View (847) 416-0909
Photo of Vimi R Gupta - Vimi Gupta, LCSW, LCSW, MBA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Vimi Gupta, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MBA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cicero, IL 60804
My experience has allowed me to work with people from all over the world with both chronic and minor mental health concerns. As a clinician I have worked with people who have depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders, (PTSD)trauma and a history of family violence. My approach is primarily cognitive behavioral with a significant emphasis on the person's present. Those who would benefit are people who are looking at moving forward with their life with more deliberation and direction. Moving away from seeing themselves as the result of their circumstances but as the master of their being.
My experience has allowed me to work with people from all over the world with both chronic and minor mental health concerns. As a clinician I have worked with people who have depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders, (PTSD)trauma and a history of family violence. My approach is primarily cognitive behavioral with a significant emphasis on the person's present. Those who would benefit are people who are looking at moving forward with their life with more deliberation and direction. Moving away from seeing themselves as the result of their circumstances but as the master of their being.
(312) 883-8572 View (312) 883-8572
Photo of Jeanne Pozy, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeanne Pozy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
All of us need help at some time. My clients tell me they feel understood but not judged when they meet with me - and that their own understanding of themselves and their challenges grows. But I know that effective therapy work must go beyond being cared about and understood. I bring a commitment to helping people change problems in their lives.
All of us need help at some time. My clients tell me they feel understood but not judged when they meet with me - and that their own understanding of themselves and their challenges grows. But I know that effective therapy work must go beyond being cared about and understood. I bring a commitment to helping people change problems in their lives.
(312) 756-7105 View (312) 756-7105
Photo of Jeanette De Marshimun - Outlook Counseling Services, PLLC  (hablo español), LCSW, CCTP-II, CAMS-II, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Outlook Counseling Services, PLLC (hablo español)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP-II, CAMS-II
Verified Verified
Cicero, IL 60804
Not accepting new clients
My goal as a trauma-informed psychotherapist is to provide evidence-based interventions for individuals who are struggling and seek to make positive changes in their lives. I believe that a therapeutic alliance can be an essential factor in the healing process; therefore, my commitment is to help and support individuals by providing a safe environment where feelings and thoughts can be expressed freely, without judgment. My focus is to guide you in empowering yourself to improve your mental health, and ultimately, your overall well-being.
My goal as a trauma-informed psychotherapist is to provide evidence-based interventions for individuals who are struggling and seek to make positive changes in their lives. I believe that a therapeutic alliance can be an essential factor in the healing process; therefore, my commitment is to help and support individuals by providing a safe environment where feelings and thoughts can be expressed freely, without judgment. My focus is to guide you in empowering yourself to improve your mental health, and ultimately, your overall well-being.
(708) 223-7868 View (708) 223-7868
1

See more therapy options for Cicero

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Cicero, IL

50+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Cicero, IL who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
92% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
82% Trauma and PTSD
78% Self Esteem
78% Stress
74% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

98% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Aetna
67% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Cicero, IL see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
26% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Cicero?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.