Therapists in Mississauga, ON

Photo of Sumayya Mehmood, Registered Social Worker in Mississauga, ON
Sumayya Mehmood
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L5M
Sumayya holds a Masters in Social Work from the University of Toronto, and is a Registered Social Worker / Psychotherapist. With clinical training completed at Toronto Western Hospital, she has experience supporting diverse populations and working with individuals, families, and couples. Some presenting issues she is skilled in addressing include: anxiety, depression, OCD, behavioural addictions, family and social issues, relationship issues, trauma, life transitions, grief and loss, personal and professional development, and self-improvement.
Sumayya holds a Masters in Social Work from the University of Toronto, and is a Registered Social Worker / Psychotherapist. With clinical training completed at Toronto Western Hospital, she has experience supporting diverse populations and working with individuals, families, and couples. Some presenting issues she is skilled in addressing include: anxiety, depression, OCD, behavioural addictions, family and social issues, relationship issues, trauma, life transitions, grief and loss, personal and professional development, and self-improvement.
(289) 723-1904 View (289) 723-1904
Photo of Dianne Wright, Registered Psychotherapist in Mississauga, ON
Dianne Wright
Registered Psychotherapist, RP, CCSP, *ADHD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L5K  (Online Only)
The majority of my clients are struggling with a unique cluster of symptoms that impact their ability to live life on their terms. Most are unaware of the ways our hormones, trauma and ADHD intersect, and too often we are poorly supported. In order for symptoms to shift, we need to address the many ways symptoms arise, and finding cohesive care can be challenging.
The majority of my clients are struggling with a unique cluster of symptoms that impact their ability to live life on their terms. Most are unaware of the ways our hormones, trauma and ADHD intersect, and too often we are poorly supported. In order for symptoms to shift, we need to address the many ways symptoms arise, and finding cohesive care can be challenging.
(289) 207-6272 View (289) 207-6272
Photo of Mugdha Nayak, Psychological Associate in Mississauga, ON
Mugdha Nayak
Psychological Associate
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5B
My name is Mugdha Nayak. I offer $30/ session. I am a pre-licensed therapist working under supervision with Shafik Sunderani., RP., PhD.
My name is Mugdha Nayak. I offer $30/ session. I am a pre-licensed therapist working under supervision with Shafik Sunderani., RP., PhD.
(289) 302-2587 View (289) 302-2587
Photo of Sara Notenboom, Registered Psychotherapist in Mississauga, ON
Sara Notenboom
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L5G  (Online Only)
Welcome to The Sacred Self Wellness Collective! We hold a deep passion for supporting you as they move toward growth and change. We will strive to nurture and empower you by getting you in touch with what is blocking you-fears, hurts, unhelpful thought patterns, emotional wounds, and so forth. Our clinicians have worked with countless individuals to help them shine, and have experience addressing various issues including low self-esteem, grief/loss, anxiety, depression, addictions, infertility, and trauma. As an exclusively online practice, we provide accessible, compassionate psychotherapeutic care to residents of Ontario, Canada.
Welcome to The Sacred Self Wellness Collective! We hold a deep passion for supporting you as they move toward growth and change. We will strive to nurture and empower you by getting you in touch with what is blocking you-fears, hurts, unhelpful thought patterns, emotional wounds, and so forth. Our clinicians have worked with countless individuals to help them shine, and have experience addressing various issues including low self-esteem, grief/loss, anxiety, depression, addictions, infertility, and trauma. As an exclusively online practice, we provide accessible, compassionate psychotherapeutic care to residents of Ontario, Canada.
(289) 805-2207 View (289) 805-2207
Photo of Terry Simonik, Registered Psychotherapist in Mississauga, ON
Terry Simonik
Registered Psychotherapist, MEd, RP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L5H  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I've been offering therapy for over 30 years to individuals and groups. I'm comfortable working with a wide range of problems including disordered eating, difficulties with emotional regulation, stress management, anxiety, depression, addictive behaviours, grief, trauma, relationship issues and more. I believe wholeheartedly that if my client and I combine forces and commit to creating the conditions for growth, positive life changes will be the result. Therapeutic conversations can be healing and I am particularly focused on 'connecting the dots'- identifying processes and coping strategies that are blocking desired change.
I've been offering therapy for over 30 years to individuals and groups. I'm comfortable working with a wide range of problems including disordered eating, difficulties with emotional regulation, stress management, anxiety, depression, addictive behaviours, grief, trauma, relationship issues and more. I believe wholeheartedly that if my client and I combine forces and commit to creating the conditions for growth, positive life changes will be the result. Therapeutic conversations can be healing and I am particularly focused on 'connecting the dots'- identifying processes and coping strategies that are blocking desired change.
(289) 805-7424 View (289) 805-7424
Photo of Ayman Taher, Registered Psychotherapist in Mississauga, ON
Ayman Taher
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5C
As human we are Spirit beings with a Mind and Body. creating a balance between these three elements is essential to live a healthier life. Issues like depression, anxiety, or compulsive thought and behaviors needs a treatment plan that includes these three elements. We are also governed by our cultural values and norms, so providing culturally and religiously sensitive therapy is very important especially with interpersonal and intrapersonal conflicts.
As human we are Spirit beings with a Mind and Body. creating a balance between these three elements is essential to live a healthier life. Issues like depression, anxiety, or compulsive thought and behaviors needs a treatment plan that includes these three elements. We are also governed by our cultural values and norms, so providing culturally and religiously sensitive therapy is very important especially with interpersonal and intrapersonal conflicts.
(289) 271-9698 View (289) 271-9698
Photo of Taylor Booth, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Mississauga, ON
Taylor Booth
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BA, MA, (Cand), RPQ
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L5N  (Online Only)
Does it feel like you are running on empty? Do you often worry about worst-case scenarios? Do you tend to put the needs of others before yours? Perhaps you have a hard time deciphering what your needs are and just do not pay these much attention? Do you swing like a pendulum from working hard to avoidance and procrastination? Do you feel like things are catching up with you? If so, then you are in the right place. I help people regain their inner balance and find clarity, confidence and ease.
Does it feel like you are running on empty? Do you often worry about worst-case scenarios? Do you tend to put the needs of others before yours? Perhaps you have a hard time deciphering what your needs are and just do not pay these much attention? Do you swing like a pendulum from working hard to avoidance and procrastination? Do you feel like things are catching up with you? If so, then you are in the right place. I help people regain their inner balance and find clarity, confidence and ease.
(647) 797-0703 View (647) 797-0703
Photo of Zanub Aziz, Registered Psychotherapist in Mississauga, ON
Zanub Aziz
Registered Psychotherapist, HBSc, MA
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5B
My ideal client seeks a path to healing and connection. They may be grappling with relationship challenges or the weight of past trauma, hindering their emotional bonds. Their needs revolve around rediscovering intimacy, healthy communication, and emotional resilience. Their goal is to rebuild and strengthen these connections, fostering a more fulfilling life. They seek understanding and growth, motivated by the desire for healthier relationships and emotional well-being.
My ideal client seeks a path to healing and connection. They may be grappling with relationship challenges or the weight of past trauma, hindering their emotional bonds. Their needs revolve around rediscovering intimacy, healthy communication, and emotional resilience. Their goal is to rebuild and strengthen these connections, fostering a more fulfilling life. They seek understanding and growth, motivated by the desire for healthier relationships and emotional well-being.
(647) 523-9330 View (647) 523-9330
Photo of Dina Dawod, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Mississauga, ON
Dina Dawod
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RP(Q)
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L4Z
I am committed to making a positive impact on people's lives. I am a firm believer in the power of empathy and active listening and I am dedicated to creating a safe and non-judgmental space for clients to explore their thoughts and emotions. I believe that the most profound human connections are built upon empathy, trust, and a sincere desire to help others. My approach to therapy is integrative, drawing from various techniques to tailor treatment plans to the specific needs of each client. I have witnessed the transformative impact of a therapeutic relationship built on trust and mutual respect, as both a therapist and a client.
I am committed to making a positive impact on people's lives. I am a firm believer in the power of empathy and active listening and I am dedicated to creating a safe and non-judgmental space for clients to explore their thoughts and emotions. I believe that the most profound human connections are built upon empathy, trust, and a sincere desire to help others. My approach to therapy is integrative, drawing from various techniques to tailor treatment plans to the specific needs of each client. I have witnessed the transformative impact of a therapeutic relationship built on trust and mutual respect, as both a therapist and a client.
(289) 302-7374 View (289) 302-7374
Photo of Dominic Wozniak, Registered Psychotherapist in Mississauga, ON
Dominic Wozniak
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L4X  (Online Only)
Whether you are struggling with addiction, stress, chronic pain, or depression, I can help. My holistic approach takes into account your life as a whole. I believe in long-term recovery, so I aim to treat and heal root causes rather than symptoms alone. I also help to create sustainable and supportive structures in your life that you can lean on during hard times.
Whether you are struggling with addiction, stress, chronic pain, or depression, I can help. My holistic approach takes into account your life as a whole. I believe in long-term recovery, so I aim to treat and heal root causes rather than symptoms alone. I also help to create sustainable and supportive structures in your life that you can lean on during hard times.
(289) 277-5724 View (289) 277-5724
Photo of Anxiety And Burnout Therapist Wendy Shisko, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Mississauga, ON
Anxiety And Burnout Therapist Wendy Shisko
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), Bsc
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L5B  (Online Only)
Is anxiety and depression getting in the way of your dreams? Are you feeling “stuck” and not sure of a way forward? Whether you are seeking individual or couples counselling, I want you to know that you are not alone in your journey. I am committed to providing a safe space where you feel heard and respected. As a retired member of the Canadian Armed Forces, I offer a wealth of life experience adding to my clinical knowledge and experience. As each person shows up with their own unique experiences, I use a variety of tools and techniques to best suit your needs and work from a holistic framework.
Is anxiety and depression getting in the way of your dreams? Are you feeling “stuck” and not sure of a way forward? Whether you are seeking individual or couples counselling, I want you to know that you are not alone in your journey. I am committed to providing a safe space where you feel heard and respected. As a retired member of the Canadian Armed Forces, I offer a wealth of life experience adding to my clinical knowledge and experience. As each person shows up with their own unique experiences, I use a variety of tools and techniques to best suit your needs and work from a holistic framework.
(647) 797-0703 View (647) 797-0703
Photo of Michelle Cranson, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Mississauga, ON
Michelle Cranson
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L5B
Do you feel overwhelmed with life’s challenges? Disconnected from yourself or others? Are you wondering if there are better ways to cope? You are not alone. At times, people experience these feelings and are unsure how to prioritize their needs or manage relationships. Some may have endured an event that has them feeling stuck or burnout.
Do you feel overwhelmed with life’s challenges? Disconnected from yourself or others? Are you wondering if there are better ways to cope? You are not alone. At times, people experience these feelings and are unsure how to prioritize their needs or manage relationships. Some may have endured an event that has them feeling stuck or burnout.
(289) 460-3334 View (289) 460-3334
Photo of Nirvana Maharaj, Psychologist in Mississauga, ON
Nirvana Maharaj
Psychologist, PsyD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5N  (Online Only)
Dr. Maharaj completed her Master’s and Doctoral degrees in Clinical Psychology, with a specialization in working with children and adolescents at the Florida School of Professional Psychology in Tampa, Florida. Throughout her clinical training, she worked with diverse populations, clinical issues and individuals of all ages in a variety of settings including: school, hospital inpatient, private practice, college counselling and community mental health placements.
Dr. Maharaj completed her Master’s and Doctoral degrees in Clinical Psychology, with a specialization in working with children and adolescents at the Florida School of Professional Psychology in Tampa, Florida. Throughout her clinical training, she worked with diverse populations, clinical issues and individuals of all ages in a variety of settings including: school, hospital inpatient, private practice, college counselling and community mental health placements.
(289) 301-0735 View (289) 301-0735
Photo of Healing From Within , Registered Social Worker in Mississauga, ON
Healing From Within
Registered Social Worker, MSW RSW
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5V  (Online Only)
As a parent coach, couples counselor, and Individual, Child, and Family Therapist, I will help you to better understand negative interactional patterns that keep you stuck. Are you feeling sad, overwhelmed when parenting and facing discipline challenges, or engaged in couples conflict? Together we deal with feelings of inadequacy, grief and loss, anger, frustration and aloness. We all need to feel safe, loved, and validated about self and others. Awareness and freedom from negative reactive patterns leads to feelings of peace, purpose, and growth. A life worth living begins with change from within.
As a parent coach, couples counselor, and Individual, Child, and Family Therapist, I will help you to better understand negative interactional patterns that keep you stuck. Are you feeling sad, overwhelmed when parenting and facing discipline challenges, or engaged in couples conflict? Together we deal with feelings of inadequacy, grief and loss, anger, frustration and aloness. We all need to feel safe, loved, and validated about self and others. Awareness and freedom from negative reactive patterns leads to feelings of peace, purpose, and growth. A life worth living begins with change from within.
(289) 302-7368 View (289) 302-7368
Photo of Ermilio De Lisa, Counsellor in Mississauga, ON
Ermilio De Lisa
Counsellor, MPsy, CCPCP-R, CCPA, CHyp
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5M
I offer a holistic form of therapy that is inclusive of both evidence based clinical and traditional healing modalities that best meet the unique needs of each individual. If you are struggling to cope with overwhelming thoughts and emotions or having a hard time moving on after a traumatic situation, you might benefit from clinical therapy services with an experienced and professionally trained therapist. I will help you to gain a better understanding of your personal issues in making quality decisions and gain a clearer perspective on everyday problems. Check my website for additional information at www.lifelinecounselling.ca.
I offer a holistic form of therapy that is inclusive of both evidence based clinical and traditional healing modalities that best meet the unique needs of each individual. If you are struggling to cope with overwhelming thoughts and emotions or having a hard time moving on after a traumatic situation, you might benefit from clinical therapy services with an experienced and professionally trained therapist. I will help you to gain a better understanding of your personal issues in making quality decisions and gain a clearer perspective on everyday problems. Check my website for additional information at www.lifelinecounselling.ca.
(365) 800-6740 View (365) 800-6740
Photo of Gagan Vasudeva, Registered Social Worker in Mississauga, ON
Gagan Vasudeva
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L5R
At Calm Minds, I specialize in working with adults who have experienced past or recent trauma in their lives. Trauma can manifest as day-to-day challenges in your present life including PTSD, depression, anxiety, anger, guilt, or self-blame. Using the organic intelligence of your own nervous system, body and mind with a trained trauma therapist, you can heal from trauma and difficult experiences. I strive to provide a safe and compassionate space for you to explore your past and present difficulties, and build your skills to disentangle yourself from its clutches with ease, so you can reclaim your life and thrive.
At Calm Minds, I specialize in working with adults who have experienced past or recent trauma in their lives. Trauma can manifest as day-to-day challenges in your present life including PTSD, depression, anxiety, anger, guilt, or self-blame. Using the organic intelligence of your own nervous system, body and mind with a trained trauma therapist, you can heal from trauma and difficult experiences. I strive to provide a safe and compassionate space for you to explore your past and present difficulties, and build your skills to disentangle yourself from its clutches with ease, so you can reclaim your life and thrive.
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Photo of Jane Aure, Registered Social Worker in Mississauga, ON
Jane Aure
Registered Social Worker, RSW
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5B
I’m a registered social worker with OCSWSSW and ACSW. I have worked with several private mental health clinics throughout my career. I have extensive training and experience in behaviour management and I specialize in trauma, depression, and anxiety. I currently practice and provide therapy to adults, adolescents, and the LGBTQ community.
I’m a registered social worker with OCSWSSW and ACSW. I have worked with several private mental health clinics throughout my career. I have extensive training and experience in behaviour management and I specialize in trauma, depression, and anxiety. I currently practice and provide therapy to adults, adolescents, and the LGBTQ community.
(289) 276-5982 View (289) 276-5982
Photo of Sashaun Clarke, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Mississauga, ON
Sashaun Clarke
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5R
Sashaun Clarke (Sasha) is a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) specializing in the treatment of individuals on the Autism Spectrum who also struggle with comorbid mental health concerns and various developmental disabilities. With a strong background in delivering Applied Behavioural Therapy (ABA) and providing consultative services, Sasha works closely with children, adolescents, and adults, as well as their caregivers. Her aim is to offer support, guidance, and effective strategies to help manage the unique challenges associated with caring for individuals with developmental and mental health disorders.
Sashaun Clarke (Sasha) is a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) specializing in the treatment of individuals on the Autism Spectrum who also struggle with comorbid mental health concerns and various developmental disabilities. With a strong background in delivering Applied Behavioural Therapy (ABA) and providing consultative services, Sasha works closely with children, adolescents, and adults, as well as their caregivers. Her aim is to offer support, guidance, and effective strategies to help manage the unique challenges associated with caring for individuals with developmental and mental health disorders.
(289) 301-8799 View (289) 301-8799
Photo of Fatemeh Heshmati, Registered Psychotherapist in Mississauga, ON
Fatemeh Heshmati
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, RP, CCC, CPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mississauga, ON L4Z
I am here to help your family: Anything from making decisions towards establishing a new relationship or ongoing conflicts between couples, to the matters that concern children, the most vulnerable members of the family. I do provide individual, couple, and family counselling, and play therapy. Family conflicts negatively impact children’s emotional, social and cognitive development. Children’s challenges and developmental delay can also create conflicts between the parents. I help you to improve the quality of your life by improving the quality of your interpersonal relationships and family dynamic.
I am here to help your family: Anything from making decisions towards establishing a new relationship or ongoing conflicts between couples, to the matters that concern children, the most vulnerable members of the family. I do provide individual, couple, and family counselling, and play therapy. Family conflicts negatively impact children’s emotional, social and cognitive development. Children’s challenges and developmental delay can also create conflicts between the parents. I help you to improve the quality of your life by improving the quality of your interpersonal relationships and family dynamic.
(289) 805-3580 View (289) 805-3580
Photo of Natasha Dawkins, Registered Social Worker in Mississauga, ON
Natasha Dawkins
Registered Social Worker, BA
Verified Verified
Mississauga, ON L5L  (Online Only)
My name is Natasha Dawkins and I am a Clinical Therapist with over 10 years experience providing psychotherapy to individuals (youth/adults) and families. I am registered with The Ontario College of Social Work and Social Service Workers (OCSWSSW). I am excited to provide my support and services to Refining Therapy Services. I am committed to empowering individuals and families to identify and build on their strengths in areas including; self-awareness, enhancing relationships, supporting me
My name is Natasha Dawkins and I am a Clinical Therapist with over 10 years experience providing psychotherapy to individuals (youth/adults) and families. I am registered with The Ontario College of Social Work and Social Service Workers (OCSWSSW). I am excited to provide my support and services to Refining Therapy Services. I am committed to empowering individuals and families to identify and build on their strengths in areas including; self-awareness, enhancing relationships, supporting me
(289) 216-6805 View (289) 216-6805

See more therapy options for Mississauga

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Mississauga, ON

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in Mississauga, ON who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
86% Self Esteem
83% Relationship Issues
83% Stress
75% Coping Skills
71% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Green Shield Canada
72% SunLife
70% Canada Life | Great-West Life

How Counsellors in Mississauga, ON see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Mississauga?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.