Therapists in Pasadena, CA

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Photo of Tom Badzey, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Tom Badzey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
If you or a loved one is struggling with anxiety, sadness or relationship problems, I'm here to help. I offer a calm, safe and collaborative therapeutic experience to assist you in finding real solutions that you can start using now. I can help you better understand the challenges you face, while working with you to identify and implement resources and proven methods that you can start using to move your life and relationships in positive directions.
If you or a loved one is struggling with anxiety, sadness or relationship problems, I'm here to help. I offer a calm, safe and collaborative therapeutic experience to assist you in finding real solutions that you can start using now. I can help you better understand the challenges you face, while working with you to identify and implement resources and proven methods that you can start using to move your life and relationships in positive directions.
(626) 513-0042 View (626) 513-0042
Photo of Dr. Jonathan Doctorian, Psychological Associate in Pasadena, CA
Dr. Jonathan Doctorian
Psychological Associate, PhD
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91101
I'm a therapist with experience working with a wide range of clients - from play therapy with children to treating depression or anxiety with adults or teens. I believe therapy should be a collaborative process, incorporating the client’s unique life experiences and passions into therapy. I am also intentionally sensitive to diversity topics including ethnicity, culture, religion, and socio-economic status. I aim to form a great connection with every client I work with, focusing on providing an encouraging and accepting space for clients to learn, grow, and heal.
I'm a therapist with experience working with a wide range of clients - from play therapy with children to treating depression or anxiety with adults or teens. I believe therapy should be a collaborative process, incorporating the client’s unique life experiences and passions into therapy. I am also intentionally sensitive to diversity topics including ethnicity, culture, religion, and socio-economic status. I aim to form a great connection with every client I work with, focusing on providing an encouraging and accepting space for clients to learn, grow, and heal.
(626) 684-3902 View (626) 684-3902
Photo of Sit With It Therapy , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Sit With It Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91101  (Online Only)
There are so many ways to wellness and healing but awareness is the first step. Achieving clarity on what you want and need can provide guidance on what to do next. You don't have to do it alone. You have full control of your journey and options at Sit With It Therapy. We are a collective of phenomenal therapists - different styles, different approaches, and different skills. One of us perfect for you!
There are so many ways to wellness and healing but awareness is the first step. Achieving clarity on what you want and need can provide guidance on what to do next. You don't have to do it alone. You have full control of your journey and options at Sit With It Therapy. We are a collective of phenomenal therapists - different styles, different approaches, and different skills. One of us perfect for you!
(424) 484-4886 View (424) 484-4886
Photo of Haley Wright, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Haley Wright
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91107
I have been conducting therapy since 2017, working in various settings. My background and training began with treating issues related to trauma. I have experience working with individuals, couples, families, and children ranging in issues from depression, bipolar-related issues, anxiety, trauma, PTSD, issues relating to schizophrenia, interpersonal conflict, and most recently issues related to the ongoing pandemic and the many challenges it has brought. In addition, I have experience working with moms experiencing postpartum depression.
I have been conducting therapy since 2017, working in various settings. My background and training began with treating issues related to trauma. I have experience working with individuals, couples, families, and children ranging in issues from depression, bipolar-related issues, anxiety, trauma, PTSD, issues relating to schizophrenia, interpersonal conflict, and most recently issues related to the ongoing pandemic and the many challenges it has brought. In addition, I have experience working with moms experiencing postpartum depression.
(626) 328-4894 View (626) 328-4894
Photo of Steven D Unruh, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Steven D Unruh
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, MFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
DIVORCE is devastating. As a skilled and trained Divorce Mediator, I specialize in assisting difficult and litigious couples through the entire process of their divorce. With 3 decades of experience, I mediate spousal and child support, investments, properties and pension funds, along with establishing a careful and appropriate parenting plan. My firm prepares all of the legal documentation. Mediation is one tenth the cost of Litigation. The stress, anger, physical exhaustion and emotional pain of the court system takes an enormous toll on ones life. Research shows that a litigious divorce in the courts creates significantly more trauma in children.
DIVORCE is devastating. As a skilled and trained Divorce Mediator, I specialize in assisting difficult and litigious couples through the entire process of their divorce. With 3 decades of experience, I mediate spousal and child support, investments, properties and pension funds, along with establishing a careful and appropriate parenting plan. My firm prepares all of the legal documentation. Mediation is one tenth the cost of Litigation. The stress, anger, physical exhaustion and emotional pain of the court system takes an enormous toll on ones life. Research shows that a litigious divorce in the courts creates significantly more trauma in children.
(626) 269-2758 View (626) 269-2758
Photo of Grecia Ramos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Grecia Ramos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91105
Grecia Ramos is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California who has been practicing since 2018. She has a BA in Psychology and Sociology from UCLA and an MSSW from UT Austin. Grecia offers an empathetic and at times light-hearted stance to therapy where she can help clients identify their strengths and gain self-compassion while also holding themselves accountable for the goals they want in life. Grecia seeks to help clients create new narratives to help them gain the most out of their daily lives. Grecia enjoys running during her free time as well as dancing Folklorico (Mexican traditional dance).
Grecia Ramos is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California who has been practicing since 2018. She has a BA in Psychology and Sociology from UCLA and an MSSW from UT Austin. Grecia offers an empathetic and at times light-hearted stance to therapy where she can help clients identify their strengths and gain self-compassion while also holding themselves accountable for the goals they want in life. Grecia seeks to help clients create new narratives to help them gain the most out of their daily lives. Grecia enjoys running during her free time as well as dancing Folklorico (Mexican traditional dance).
(323) 310-3427 View (323) 310-3427
Photo of Joseph Klimas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Joseph Klimas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91105  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My philosophy of therapy is to partner with my clients in their journey of self-exploration and healing. I believe we have the knowledge and ability to overcome the issues that trouble us and help clients identify, develop, and mobilize their resources to solve problems and meet challenges successfully. My approach to therapy involves assisting my clients in increasing self-awareness, moving away from outdated and unproductive internal messaging, to develop new and healthy ways of relating to others and the world. My style is direct, genuine, empathic, and intuitive.
My philosophy of therapy is to partner with my clients in their journey of self-exploration and healing. I believe we have the knowledge and ability to overcome the issues that trouble us and help clients identify, develop, and mobilize their resources to solve problems and meet challenges successfully. My approach to therapy involves assisting my clients in increasing self-awareness, moving away from outdated and unproductive internal messaging, to develop new and healthy ways of relating to others and the world. My style is direct, genuine, empathic, and intuitive.
(510) 916-3630 View (510) 916-3630
Photo of Adriana Valdez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Adriana Valdez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101  (Online Only)
Often, individuals enter therapy feeling overwhelmed by various stressors in their lives. These stressors can manifest in different forms, such as life transitions (work, school, loss, relocation), challenges in relationships, parenting, dealing with a loved one's illness or disability, financial strain, exposure to community violence, housing issues, & more. Many individuals may not initially realize the profound impact these stressors can have on their overall health. Therapy provides a safe & confidential space for self-discovery, reflection, and the development of coping strategies to navigate life's challenges.
Often, individuals enter therapy feeling overwhelmed by various stressors in their lives. These stressors can manifest in different forms, such as life transitions (work, school, loss, relocation), challenges in relationships, parenting, dealing with a loved one's illness or disability, financial strain, exposure to community violence, housing issues, & more. Many individuals may not initially realize the profound impact these stressors can have on their overall health. Therapy provides a safe & confidential space for self-discovery, reflection, and the development of coping strategies to navigate life's challenges.
(626) 382-2576 View (626) 382-2576
Sonja Munson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91103
In my practice I work with folks struggling with a variety of personal, interpersonal, and relational concerns.
In my practice I work with folks struggling with a variety of personal, interpersonal, and relational concerns.
(626) 247-3387 View (626) 247-3387
Photo of Catriona Waters, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Catriona Waters
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
I specialize in treating anxiety, panic, and depression. If you feel the constant presence of stress and worry in your body, suffer from ruminating or negative thoughts, or struggle to make a decision, then I can help. We'll not only treat your symptoms but we'll look at where they started and treat them at the source. You may have tried a number of ways to get manage your anxiety and panic but nothing really sticks. I can help you get your anxiety and panic under control so they no longer impact you. You'll start to feel better, function better, and can enjoy life to its fullest.
I specialize in treating anxiety, panic, and depression. If you feel the constant presence of stress and worry in your body, suffer from ruminating or negative thoughts, or struggle to make a decision, then I can help. We'll not only treat your symptoms but we'll look at where they started and treat them at the source. You may have tried a number of ways to get manage your anxiety and panic but nothing really sticks. I can help you get your anxiety and panic under control so they no longer impact you. You'll start to feel better, function better, and can enjoy life to its fullest.
(818) 960-1240 View (818) 960-1240
Photo of Hong Jeong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Hong Jeong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91101
We all go through emotional storms where we feel emotionally and physically stuck; we worry too much and lose control of ourselves. Do you find yourself thrown off balance by your childhood trauma? Childhood traumatic experiences such as abandonment, abuse, and neglect lead to social anxiety. My approach is solution-focused and tailored to your needs and goals. I am committed to providing a profound sense of safety and offering compassionate and actionable guidance to all my clients.
We all go through emotional storms where we feel emotionally and physically stuck; we worry too much and lose control of ourselves. Do you find yourself thrown off balance by your childhood trauma? Childhood traumatic experiences such as abandonment, abuse, and neglect lead to social anxiety. My approach is solution-focused and tailored to your needs and goals. I am committed to providing a profound sense of safety and offering compassionate and actionable guidance to all my clients.
(626) 714-2449 View (626) 714-2449
Photo of Jill Sumiyasu, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Jill Sumiyasu
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
My goal is to help you uncover your potential and lead a life that feels worth celebrating. While we can't change the past, we can work together to better understand your personal history and to resolve some of the challenges that remain. By using an approach that is specific to you and your needs, we can address long-standing emotional obstacles, behavioral patterns and perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling and meaningful life. Together, we can focus both on how to make concrete changes to provide immediate relief while also getting to the root of issues to foster long-lasting change.
My goal is to help you uncover your potential and lead a life that feels worth celebrating. While we can't change the past, we can work together to better understand your personal history and to resolve some of the challenges that remain. By using an approach that is specific to you and your needs, we can address long-standing emotional obstacles, behavioral patterns and perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling and meaningful life. Together, we can focus both on how to make concrete changes to provide immediate relief while also getting to the root of issues to foster long-lasting change.
(626) 298-7557 View (626) 298-7557
Photo of Dustin Vander Haar, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Dustin Vander Haar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
Healthy psychological development throughout child, adolescent, and young adulthood is the focus of my practice. I utilize family strengths to aid my clients in overcoming a wide range of academic, behavioral and relational challenges while uniquely offering a variety of data collection tools to direct interventions, measure progress, and create meaningful change. I realize that choosing a therapist is a difficult decision, especially when it comes to your children, so please feel free to inquire further to determine if my knowledge and experience fits your needs.
Healthy psychological development throughout child, adolescent, and young adulthood is the focus of my practice. I utilize family strengths to aid my clients in overcoming a wide range of academic, behavioral and relational challenges while uniquely offering a variety of data collection tools to direct interventions, measure progress, and create meaningful change. I realize that choosing a therapist is a difficult decision, especially when it comes to your children, so please feel free to inquire further to determine if my knowledge and experience fits your needs.
(626) 513-8284 x2 View (626) 513-8284 x2
Photo of Jennifer Parkford, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Jennifer Parkford
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
Being human isn’t easy. It can be awkward, scary, beautiful, exciting, and completely bewildering. Seeking help for your humanness is brave. Therapy can provide a safe environment to challenge lifelong patterns, address old wounds and traumas, and develop a deeper understanding of yourself. It can also help undo old wiring and unhelpful narratives so that you can create better habits, communication skills, and behaviors. Through a relational, direct, and compassionate approach, I treat individuals, couples, and families who want to find more joy, create better relationships, "update their software," and live more authentically.
Being human isn’t easy. It can be awkward, scary, beautiful, exciting, and completely bewildering. Seeking help for your humanness is brave. Therapy can provide a safe environment to challenge lifelong patterns, address old wounds and traumas, and develop a deeper understanding of yourself. It can also help undo old wiring and unhelpful narratives so that you can create better habits, communication skills, and behaviors. Through a relational, direct, and compassionate approach, I treat individuals, couples, and families who want to find more joy, create better relationships, "update their software," and live more authentically.
(323) 370-0762 View (323) 370-0762
Photo of Maria Rangel, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Pasadena, CA
Maria Rangel
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
I'm passionate about helping others learn how to heal within relationships by resolving conflicts, practice/implementing effective coping mechanisms, and navigating through life's challenges. I am bilingual in Spanish/English, specialize in complex trauma and PTSD, living with chronic illness and pain, grief and loss, and religious deconstruction. I am also passionate about working with BIPOC and offer sex-positive, LQGBTQ+ affirming care.
I'm passionate about helping others learn how to heal within relationships by resolving conflicts, practice/implementing effective coping mechanisms, and navigating through life's challenges. I am bilingual in Spanish/English, specialize in complex trauma and PTSD, living with chronic illness and pain, grief and loss, and religious deconstruction. I am also passionate about working with BIPOC and offer sex-positive, LQGBTQ+ affirming care.
(323) 417-2662 View (323) 417-2662
Photo of Lauren Permenter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Lauren Permenter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
You make it through the day to day but inside you’re fearful, anxious or depressed. You’re bottling things up and lashing out at seemingly insignificant things later. The demands of your job & personal life are starting to feel like too much to juggle even though you’ve always been good at juggling it all. It doesn’t seem like something you can talk about. Everyone thinks you have it all together and besides you feel ashamed. Holding all this in is starting to make you feel lonely. You know life should be different but you’re overwhelmed and you wonder how everyone else seems to do it so easily.
You make it through the day to day but inside you’re fearful, anxious or depressed. You’re bottling things up and lashing out at seemingly insignificant things later. The demands of your job & personal life are starting to feel like too much to juggle even though you’ve always been good at juggling it all. It doesn’t seem like something you can talk about. Everyone thinks you have it all together and besides you feel ashamed. Holding all this in is starting to make you feel lonely. You know life should be different but you’re overwhelmed and you wonder how everyone else seems to do it so easily.
(323) 443-1806 View (323) 443-1806
Photo of Delia Zaragoza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Delia Zaragoza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91105
Delia Villegas Zaragoza is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California who has been practicing since 2018. She has a BA from the University of California Santa Cruz and an MSW from California State University Hayward. Delia's priority is to honor the lived experiences of clients and highlight their strengths while also challenging them to reflect on new ways to approach life's challenges. In her spare time, Delia enjoys watching movies, dancing, karaoke, and exploring new restaurants!.
Delia Villegas Zaragoza is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California who has been practicing since 2018. She has a BA from the University of California Santa Cruz and an MSW from California State University Hayward. Delia's priority is to honor the lived experiences of clients and highlight their strengths while also challenging them to reflect on new ways to approach life's challenges. In her spare time, Delia enjoys watching movies, dancing, karaoke, and exploring new restaurants!.
(323) 991-8029 View (323) 991-8029
Photo of Guillermo Ulloa, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Guillermo Ulloa
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91107
You're here for a reason. Perhaps, you've undergone trauma, both in the big sense or little sense, and maybe it just happened or it happened long ago. Your relationships aren't working because you're working so hard to make sure that you're not traumatized again. Now you're stuck. Maybe you and your significant other are in a difficult place, and you can't find resolution. In fact, you can't even talk to each other.
You're here for a reason. Perhaps, you've undergone trauma, both in the big sense or little sense, and maybe it just happened or it happened long ago. Your relationships aren't working because you're working so hard to make sure that you're not traumatized again. Now you're stuck. Maybe you and your significant other are in a difficult place, and you can't find resolution. In fact, you can't even talk to each other.
(626) 436-3356 View (626) 436-3356
Photo of Sepideh Garmroudi, Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Sepideh Garmroudi
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
Sepideh Garmroudi is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California and a Registered Associate Professional Clinical Counselor at Pasadena Trauma Therapy, Inc. She specializes in the treatment of trauma, relationship issues, transitional issues, self-esteem issues, cultural issues, immigration issues, and stress-related issues. She use IFS (Internal Family System), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Mindfulness, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help her clients feel their emotions safely and help them make sense of their needs, desires, and emotional responses.
Sepideh Garmroudi is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California and a Registered Associate Professional Clinical Counselor at Pasadena Trauma Therapy, Inc. She specializes in the treatment of trauma, relationship issues, transitional issues, self-esteem issues, cultural issues, immigration issues, and stress-related issues. She use IFS (Internal Family System), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Mindfulness, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help her clients feel their emotions safely and help them make sense of their needs, desires, and emotional responses.
(310) 562-8469 View (310) 562-8469
Photo of Amanda Frausto, Associate Marriage & Family Therapist in Pasadena, CA
Amanda Frausto
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
If you are having difficulty regulating emotions, processing trauma, and managing mental health symptoms, I can be the clinician for you. Those seeking services for anxiety, depression, PTSD, severe and persistent mental health issues, gender/sexuality exploration, and processing trauma could be a good fit for treatment with me at Honest Insight Counseling. Your goals and needs are of the upmost importance and will be the centerpiece of treatment.
If you are having difficulty regulating emotions, processing trauma, and managing mental health symptoms, I can be the clinician for you. Those seeking services for anxiety, depression, PTSD, severe and persistent mental health issues, gender/sexuality exploration, and processing trauma could be a good fit for treatment with me at Honest Insight Counseling. Your goals and needs are of the upmost importance and will be the centerpiece of treatment.
(323) 676-0401 View (323) 676-0401

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Pasadena, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Pasadena, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
66% Grief
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

66% Aetna
55% Cigna and Evernorth
52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Pasadena, CA see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Pasadena?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.