Therapists in California

View cities and counties in California
Photo of Debra Gionet, MSSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Debra Gionet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95124
Looking for therapy? Are you feeling overwhelmed by emotions or can't make the changes you or had something painful happen to you? With more than 25 years of experience counseling, perhaps I can help you heal & develop tools! I love to help people heal, gain greater insight into themselves, help them change undesirable habits, and process tough and painful issues. It takes courage to seek the life you long for & it is possible! I'd love to hear from you today!
Looking for therapy? Are you feeling overwhelmed by emotions or can't make the changes you or had something painful happen to you? With more than 25 years of experience counseling, perhaps I can help you heal & develop tools! I love to help people heal, gain greater insight into themselves, help them change undesirable habits, and process tough and painful issues. It takes courage to seek the life you long for & it is possible! I'd love to hear from you today!
(408) 676-9997 View (408) 676-9997
Photo of Stephanie Gabrielle Reyes, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Stephanie Gabrielle Reyes
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roseville, CA 95661
Are you struggling to get through each day? Is one day turning into the next and time is just passing you by? If this sounds like you, look no further. When we get caught in a rut of anxiety, depression, anger, rage, unhappiness, unfulfillment, and despair, therapy can be a great place to learn how to work through these challenging emotions.
Are you struggling to get through each day? Is one day turning into the next and time is just passing you by? If this sounds like you, look no further. When we get caught in a rut of anxiety, depression, anger, rage, unhappiness, unfulfillment, and despair, therapy can be a great place to learn how to work through these challenging emotions.
(916) 426-7707 View (916) 426-7707
Photo of Beth Day, BA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Beth Day
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA
Verified Verified
Fremont, CA 94538
I’ve learned that we all will experience pain, hardships, and valleys - where we could use some hope and help, to find our way out. Those valleys can be difficult, devastating, and overwhelming at times, especially to face on our own. In those difficult times, trauma’s effects, emotional wounds, life burdens, relational challenges, and transitions - can seem insurmountable to navigate, and sometimes struggles enter our life: by surprise, at length, or in great abundance.
I’ve learned that we all will experience pain, hardships, and valleys - where we could use some hope and help, to find our way out. Those valleys can be difficult, devastating, and overwhelming at times, especially to face on our own. In those difficult times, trauma’s effects, emotional wounds, life burdens, relational challenges, and transitions - can seem insurmountable to navigate, and sometimes struggles enter our life: by surprise, at length, or in great abundance.
(510) 674-1675 View (510) 674-1675
Photo of Jamie Kirk - JK Family Therapy Inc , LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
JK Family Therapy Inc
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Inglewood, CA 90301  (Online Only)
At JK Family Therapy, Inc., we understand that accessing necessary therapy services can be difficult for many people. That's why we strive to make it as easy and accessible as possible. Our teletherapy services provide individual, couples, and families with the support they need without having to leave their homes. We believe in taking a holistic approach to therapy, treating the whole person and not just their symptoms. We use evidence-based techniques and work collaboratively with our clients to help them achieve their goals.
At JK Family Therapy, Inc., we understand that accessing necessary therapy services can be difficult for many people. That's why we strive to make it as easy and accessible as possible. Our teletherapy services provide individual, couples, and families with the support they need without having to leave their homes. We believe in taking a holistic approach to therapy, treating the whole person and not just their symptoms. We use evidence-based techniques and work collaboratively with our clients to help them achieve their goals.
(310) 997-4844 View (310) 997-4844
Photo of Ellen 'jen' Slaton, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ellen 'jen' Slaton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Alamitos, CA 90720
Hi – I’m Jen. Are you looking to find help for yourself or your family? For answers, emotional balance, and peace of mind? Often the thought of reaching out is scary. Talking to a stranger about your personal life intimidating. But asking for help can be the bravest first step in creating a better life for you and your loved ones. We are all human, and needing help is normal and necessary at times. I’ve been in therapy myself and looking back, I see how necessary it's been for my emotional and personal development. And, I continue to reach out when my life gets overwhelming. So I encourage you to take the next step here to get help.
Hi – I’m Jen. Are you looking to find help for yourself or your family? For answers, emotional balance, and peace of mind? Often the thought of reaching out is scary. Talking to a stranger about your personal life intimidating. But asking for help can be the bravest first step in creating a better life for you and your loved ones. We are all human, and needing help is normal and necessary at times. I’ve been in therapy myself and looking back, I see how necessary it's been for my emotional and personal development. And, I continue to reach out when my life gets overwhelming. So I encourage you to take the next step here to get help.
(562) 414-4358 View (562) 414-4358
Photo of Jeffrey C. Lee, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jeffrey C. Lee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro Valley, CA 94546
I enjoy working with a diverse group of people. I work well with individuals who are feeling conflicted or lost within ambivalence. I work well with couples who are frustrated in trying to find a connection. I work well with children who are sensitive and parents who are longing to connect.
I enjoy working with a diverse group of people. I work well with individuals who are feeling conflicted or lost within ambivalence. I work well with couples who are frustrated in trying to find a connection. I work well with children who are sensitive and parents who are longing to connect.
(510) 892-0608 View (510) 892-0608
Photo of Internal Family Systems Therapy With Whitney Richards, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Internal Family Systems Therapy With Whitney Richards
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94122  (Online Only)
It’s a struggle to deal with anxiety, a harmful inner critic, or unsatisfying relationship dynamics. It can be hard to feel playful, to easily connect to others, to get your emotional needs met, or to feel at ease in your body. Whether you feel overwhelmed by your emotions or cut off from them, you know you want to do things differently but aren’t sure how. While I don’t work with couples, I do specialize in working with individuals who are carrying around belief systems that are keeping them anxious or detached in relationships.
It’s a struggle to deal with anxiety, a harmful inner critic, or unsatisfying relationship dynamics. It can be hard to feel playful, to easily connect to others, to get your emotional needs met, or to feel at ease in your body. Whether you feel overwhelmed by your emotions or cut off from them, you know you want to do things differently but aren’t sure how. While I don’t work with couples, I do specialize in working with individuals who are carrying around belief systems that are keeping them anxious or detached in relationships.
(628) 212-6769 View (628) 212-6769
Photo of Aimee Grimm - Aimee Grimm, LMFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Aimee Grimm, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Montrose, CA 91020
Do you feel stuck? Stuck in an unhealthy relationship? Stuck in the same emotional state - anxious, fearful, depressed, numb? Stuck in communication patterns that leave you feeling empty? You keep trying to feel or be something different but it just doesn't work? feeling stuck can be one of the most paralyzing states. As Sheryl Sandberg says, "We cannot change what we are not aware of, and once we are aware, we cannot help but change." With curiosity as our leader let's become aware of what we feel and why we feel it. By leaning in we can begin to move.
Do you feel stuck? Stuck in an unhealthy relationship? Stuck in the same emotional state - anxious, fearful, depressed, numb? Stuck in communication patterns that leave you feeling empty? You keep trying to feel or be something different but it just doesn't work? feeling stuck can be one of the most paralyzing states. As Sheryl Sandberg says, "We cannot change what we are not aware of, and once we are aware, we cannot help but change." With curiosity as our leader let's become aware of what we feel and why we feel it. By leaning in we can begin to move.
(626) 436-3827 View (626) 436-3827
Photo of Azeb B Bhutia, PhD, Psychologist
Azeb B Bhutia
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90505
Not accepting new clients
Everyone experiences some form of incongruence in life. However, when one's life gets disrupted and overwhelmed by conflict, anxiety, trauma, loss, or stress of everyday life, it causes psychological and emotional distress and loss of insight that constrains growth and creativity. Psychotherapy offers a helping relationship that is warm and empathic, where one feels safe and fully received to explore and reflect on incongruences with fresh perspectives and insights. Psychotherapy provides a climate for the individuals to emerge as someone who can fully live and trust one's experience as satisfying in each circumstance.
Everyone experiences some form of incongruence in life. However, when one's life gets disrupted and overwhelmed by conflict, anxiety, trauma, loss, or stress of everyday life, it causes psychological and emotional distress and loss of insight that constrains growth and creativity. Psychotherapy offers a helping relationship that is warm and empathic, where one feels safe and fully received to explore and reflect on incongruences with fresh perspectives and insights. Psychotherapy provides a climate for the individuals to emerge as someone who can fully live and trust one's experience as satisfying in each circumstance.
(213) 335-2454 View (213) 335-2454
Photo of Jennifer Cowley, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Cowley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chico, CA 95928
Hello, I’m Jennifer! My name is Jennifer Cowley. I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT) based in Butte County, California, working with clients statewide via telehealth. I have a passion for helping individuals navigate life’s challenges. I enjoy working with adults 18-65 specializing in anxiety, stress, perinatal disorders, grief and loss, depression, mood disorders, and trauma.
Hello, I’m Jennifer! My name is Jennifer Cowley. I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT) based in Butte County, California, working with clients statewide via telehealth. I have a passion for helping individuals navigate life’s challenges. I enjoy working with adults 18-65 specializing in anxiety, stress, perinatal disorders, grief and loss, depression, mood disorders, and trauma.
(909) 655-4614 View (909) 655-4614
Photo of Sara Sherman, PsyD, Psychologist
Sara Sherman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90046
Many caregivers have trouble understanding and managing their child’s behavior. I will strengthen your relationship with your child by teaching you how they think, and empowering you to change how they behave. My specialties include ADHD, anxiety, autism, depression, developmental disabilities, grief, OCD, oppositional defiance, and trauma.
Many caregivers have trouble understanding and managing their child’s behavior. I will strengthen your relationship with your child by teaching you how they think, and empowering you to change how they behave. My specialties include ADHD, anxiety, autism, depression, developmental disabilities, grief, OCD, oppositional defiance, and trauma.
(323) 207-1752 View (323) 207-1752
Photo of Emily Adili, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Emily Adili
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
My therapeutic style is warm, collaborative, and empowering. My goal is to create a safe space for you to process your emotions. I am a Strengths-Based individual and family therapist who works with clients who may be struggling with anxiety, substance use, relationship dynamics, or major life transitions. As a therapist, I utilize a variety of different therapeutic interventions to customize treatment to meet my clients' needs. I love empowering my clients to leave therapy feeling proud of the work they have done, and confident and capable in their next stage of life.
My therapeutic style is warm, collaborative, and empowering. My goal is to create a safe space for you to process your emotions. I am a Strengths-Based individual and family therapist who works with clients who may be struggling with anxiety, substance use, relationship dynamics, or major life transitions. As a therapist, I utilize a variety of different therapeutic interventions to customize treatment to meet my clients' needs. I love empowering my clients to leave therapy feeling proud of the work they have done, and confident and capable in their next stage of life.
(415) 797-0327 View (415) 797-0327
Photo of James Foley - Sexual Addiction Sex Misbehavior Infidelity Expert, LCSW, SOTS , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sexual Addiction Sex Misbehavior Infidelity Expert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SOTS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
Absolute sexual addiction elite level expert 27 years + 45,000 hours sexual misbehavior specialist psychotherapy provided, Together we will use evidence based research oriented methods on your Infidelity / Cheating /Affairs, Prostitution Use, "Seeking Arrangements", Sugar Daddy, Sex Apps, Strip Clubs, Massage Parlors, Sex Misconduct, Certified Specialist. I created government funded sexual misbehavior programs utilizing highly effective clinical models. You and I will use the most up to date understanding to have you change your thinking and end your self destructive actions, have you love yourself, and the great life you have.
Absolute sexual addiction elite level expert 27 years + 45,000 hours sexual misbehavior specialist psychotherapy provided, Together we will use evidence based research oriented methods on your Infidelity / Cheating /Affairs, Prostitution Use, "Seeking Arrangements", Sugar Daddy, Sex Apps, Strip Clubs, Massage Parlors, Sex Misconduct, Certified Specialist. I created government funded sexual misbehavior programs utilizing highly effective clinical models. You and I will use the most up to date understanding to have you change your thinking and end your self destructive actions, have you love yourself, and the great life you have.
(415) 639-5474 View (415) 639-5474
Photo of Lorelei Hammond, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lorelei Hammond
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ukiah, CA 95482
People come to therapy for all kinds of reasons; whether the issue is relationship problems, depression, anxiety, stress, or life's major transitions. Therapy is often useful in helping us discover how to have more satisfying relationships, or how to develop skills that will serve us well when we decide to change careers, for example. When you truly are heard and understood, you can become your best self. I can help you discover your unique talents and strengths so you can use them to live the fulfilling life you want.
People come to therapy for all kinds of reasons; whether the issue is relationship problems, depression, anxiety, stress, or life's major transitions. Therapy is often useful in helping us discover how to have more satisfying relationships, or how to develop skills that will serve us well when we decide to change careers, for example. When you truly are heard and understood, you can become your best self. I can help you discover your unique talents and strengths so you can use them to live the fulfilling life you want.
(707) 876-0615 View (707) 876-0615
Photo of Mena Hughes, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mena Hughes
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90505
Waitlist for new clients
Usually we don't seek help unless we feel we are in some kind of crisis. With that in mind, I am sorry you are here... And yet, welcome. Welcome to the opportunity you are facing to make this hard time turn into strength, competence, satisfaction, peace and connection with yourself and others. Ideally, that is what good therapy does. You might not have the hope that can happen just yet, but I do. It is my belief that everything good is worth working toward. As a therapist, I will work with you collaboratively toward the goals you prioritize.
Usually we don't seek help unless we feel we are in some kind of crisis. With that in mind, I am sorry you are here... And yet, welcome. Welcome to the opportunity you are facing to make this hard time turn into strength, competence, satisfaction, peace and connection with yourself and others. Ideally, that is what good therapy does. You might not have the hope that can happen just yet, but I do. It is my belief that everything good is worth working toward. As a therapist, I will work with you collaboratively toward the goals you prioritize.
(424) 373-3513 View (424) 373-3513
Photo of Phan Nhung - PsychHealing Counseling Center, Inc., PsyD, QME, Psychologist
PsychHealing Counseling Center, Inc.
Psychologist, PsyD, QME
Verified Verified
Ontario, CA 91762
Are you feeling down in ways that you cannot explain? We have four licensed therapists in Garden Grove and Wildomar who conduct EMDR and DBT methods for clients who have trauma and other complex psychological issues. Our therapists speak Spanish, Vietnamese, Portuguese, and Korean as well. We take Medi-Cal insurances, such as CalOptima, Molina, and IEHP along with many other major insurances. Let us help ease your mind.
Are you feeling down in ways that you cannot explain? We have four licensed therapists in Garden Grove and Wildomar who conduct EMDR and DBT methods for clients who have trauma and other complex psychological issues. Our therapists speak Spanish, Vietnamese, Portuguese, and Korean as well. We take Medi-Cal insurances, such as CalOptima, Molina, and IEHP along with many other major insurances. Let us help ease your mind.
(800) 683-2945 View (800) 683-2945
Photo of Eric Branson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Eric Branson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roseville, CA 95661
Are you a man who is having difficulty with his relationship? Trouble navigating the roles and expectations of being male in the modern world? A woman who needs better understanding of the difference in communication styles between couples? As a therapist I bring warmth, compassion, strength, understanding and a wealth of personal life experience. I can help navigate the ever changing nature of relationship this new era. I also have vast experience with adolescents, through my previous county work. I bring compassion and understanding and can help youth navigate the modern landscape of social media, friendships and deep emotions.
Are you a man who is having difficulty with his relationship? Trouble navigating the roles and expectations of being male in the modern world? A woman who needs better understanding of the difference in communication styles between couples? As a therapist I bring warmth, compassion, strength, understanding and a wealth of personal life experience. I can help navigate the ever changing nature of relationship this new era. I also have vast experience with adolescents, through my previous county work. I bring compassion and understanding and can help youth navigate the modern landscape of social media, friendships and deep emotions.
(530) 451-3669 View (530) 451-3669
Photo of Brandon Tran, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Brandon Tran
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92123
Not accepting new clients
Therapy for AAPI folks can and should look different. It may reflect the nuanced experiences of growing up in a Western society, and highlight the unique hardships and experiences that we come across. Through your lens, you experience stress, depression, relationships, and life transitions in a way that is interconnected with your community. For some, this might be your first time getting to know yourself, and for others this will be another stop on your journey with mental health. The courage and self-compassion it takes to begin therapy is magnificent, and I am honored to be a part of your adventure.
Therapy for AAPI folks can and should look different. It may reflect the nuanced experiences of growing up in a Western society, and highlight the unique hardships and experiences that we come across. Through your lens, you experience stress, depression, relationships, and life transitions in a way that is interconnected with your community. For some, this might be your first time getting to know yourself, and for others this will be another stop on your journey with mental health. The courage and self-compassion it takes to begin therapy is magnificent, and I am honored to be a part of your adventure.
(858) 758-9112 View (858) 758-9112
Photo of Kathleen R. Solano, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kathleen R. Solano
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fresno, CA 93711  (Online Only)
It is my focus, as a therapist, to create a safe, supportive and confidential environment in which all feel fully accepted. I believe non-judgment, respect and genuineness are key ingredients towards creating an authentic connection which sets the stage for healing to unfold. My specialties include working with adults to help them access their own internal resiliency, learn healthier ways of coping, becoming more self-aware and improve behavior. My treatment approach is working within a Humanistic model. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Existential and Family Systems approaches are utilized as well.
It is my focus, as a therapist, to create a safe, supportive and confidential environment in which all feel fully accepted. I believe non-judgment, respect and genuineness are key ingredients towards creating an authentic connection which sets the stage for healing to unfold. My specialties include working with adults to help them access their own internal resiliency, learn healthier ways of coping, becoming more self-aware and improve behavior. My treatment approach is working within a Humanistic model. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Existential and Family Systems approaches are utilized as well.
(559) 549-6143 View (559) 549-6143
Photo of Diego Garcia, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Diego Garcia
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101  (Online Only)
I don't take for granted the strength and vulnerability it takes to enter into therapy; and as a clinician, my goal is to meet you where you are and help to create an environment that allows for both authentic exploration and fostering trust that there is an opportunity for healing and growth. In working together, I hope that my calm, curious, and intentional communication style helps you to feel heard, understood, and supported throughout our time together.
I don't take for granted the strength and vulnerability it takes to enter into therapy; and as a clinician, my goal is to meet you where you are and help to create an environment that allows for both authentic exploration and fostering trust that there is an opportunity for healing and growth. In working together, I hope that my calm, curious, and intentional communication style helps you to feel heard, understood, and supported throughout our time together.
(619) 492-5530 View (619) 492-5530
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How does your Therapist compare?

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in California who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
64% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aetna
61% Cigna and Evernorth
56% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in California see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in California?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.