Therapists in Raleigh, NC

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Photo of Koketta Shelton, LCSW Associate, LCSWA, MSW
Koketta Shelton
LCSW Associate, LCSWA, MSW
1 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27609
Koketta is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker Associate (LCSWA). She earned a Master of Social Work degree from North Carolina Central University. Koketta’s focus is empowering survivors to take control of their own healing process through therapeutic support. She has experience working in the healthcare industry as well as the community, nonprofit sectors, and serving clients in crisis. Her area of expertise is helping individuals with depression, anxiety, life changes, conflict in relationships, and interpersonal issues.
Koketta is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker Associate (LCSWA). She earned a Master of Social Work degree from North Carolina Central University. Koketta’s focus is empowering survivors to take control of their own healing process through therapeutic support. She has experience working in the healthcare industry as well as the community, nonprofit sectors, and serving clients in crisis. Her area of expertise is helping individuals with depression, anxiety, life changes, conflict in relationships, and interpersonal issues.
(984) 266-3233 View (984) 266-3233
Photo of Laura Boisvert Boyd, Counselor, MEd, LCMHCS, NCC
Laura Boisvert Boyd
Counselor, MEd, LCMHCS, NCC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome! With over 20 years of experience in helping individuals achieve their personal goals, I am deeply committed to supporting you on your journey toward growth and well-being. I believe that counseling is a collaborative process—a partnership where we work together to explore your unique strengths, challenges, and aspirations. My approach is rooted in creating a warm, welcoming environment built on trust, understanding, and unconditional positive regard. Whether you’re seeking guidance, healing, or clarity, I am here to walk alongside you every step of the way, fostering a space where you feel safe, respected, and empowered.
Welcome! With over 20 years of experience in helping individuals achieve their personal goals, I am deeply committed to supporting you on your journey toward growth and well-being. I believe that counseling is a collaborative process—a partnership where we work together to explore your unique strengths, challenges, and aspirations. My approach is rooted in creating a warm, welcoming environment built on trust, understanding, and unconditional positive regard. Whether you’re seeking guidance, healing, or clarity, I am here to walk alongside you every step of the way, fostering a space where you feel safe, respected, and empowered.
(984) 983-6502 View (984) 983-6502
Photo of Tonya Williams Todd, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Tonya Williams Todd
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Offering ONLINE/VIDEO Telehealth Counseling sessions to all of NORTH Carolina! I work with individuals, adolescents, and adults with a variety of needs. I specialize in working with anxiety, grief, self esteem building, depression and life transitions. My approach to counseling is a person centered approach which pulls from a variety of therapy modalities.
Offering ONLINE/VIDEO Telehealth Counseling sessions to all of NORTH Carolina! I work with individuals, adolescents, and adults with a variety of needs. I specialize in working with anxiety, grief, self esteem building, depression and life transitions. My approach to counseling is a person centered approach which pulls from a variety of therapy modalities.
(919) 769-3220 View (919) 769-3220
Photo of Elizabeth Baynes Johnson - Elizabeth Johnson, Anxiety/ Grief/ Eating Disorder, Counselor, EdD, LCMHCA, NCC
Elizabeth Johnson, Anxiety/ Grief/ Eating Disorder
Counselor, EdD, LCMHCA, NCC
1 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27615
Currently accepting new clients! Are you experiencing anxiety, grief, or disordered eating habits? I strive to create a safe environment where you are empowered to discover the most authentic version of yourself. Realizing your true power comes from letting go of other people’s expectations, getting to know the voice within, and overcoming life's challenges.
Currently accepting new clients! Are you experiencing anxiety, grief, or disordered eating habits? I strive to create a safe environment where you are empowered to discover the most authentic version of yourself. Realizing your true power comes from letting go of other people’s expectations, getting to know the voice within, and overcoming life's challenges.
(919) 322-4620 View (919) 322-4620
Photo of Nicole Baltimore, Counselor, LCMHC
Nicole Baltimore
Counselor, LCMHC
1 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27615
I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor with over 4 years of experience. I specialize in working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families who have a range of concerns, including anxiety, depression, mood disorders, relationship issues, behavioral issues, and personality disorders. I also have experience working with the geriatric population.
I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor with over 4 years of experience. I specialize in working with adolescents, adults, couples, and families who have a range of concerns, including anxiety, depression, mood disorders, relationship issues, behavioral issues, and personality disorders. I also have experience working with the geriatric population.
(855) 303-0215 View (855) 303-0215
Photo of Shelly Hummel, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Shelly Hummel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
5 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27605
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in couples therapy and love what I do. Life circumstances facilitated my desire to become a couples therapist in early adolescence. I graduated from The University of Iowa with Honors in Psychology and completed my graduate degree from Northern Illinois University. My desire has always been working with couples and that passion remains today. I have been in practice for over 20 years, specializing in helping couples who are burdened by wanting to make their relationship work, but are uncertain of the tools and where to start.
I specialize in couples therapy and love what I do. Life circumstances facilitated my desire to become a couples therapist in early adolescence. I graduated from The University of Iowa with Honors in Psychology and completed my graduate degree from Northern Illinois University. My desire has always been working with couples and that passion remains today. I have been in practice for over 20 years, specializing in helping couples who are burdened by wanting to make their relationship work, but are uncertain of the tools and where to start.
(919) 335-5107 View (919) 335-5107
Photo of Emily Viva, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Emily Viva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Raleigh, NC 27612
Waitlist for new clients
If you find it difficult to move your life in the direction you want, leave old patterns behind and set boundaries, I can help. I often work with cycle-breakers, people who are choosing to do things differently in their lives. Whether that's in relationships, parenting or your experience of your emotions, We can work together to help find balance as well as identifying and changing patterns and core beliefs that may be holding you back. I can help you break free of what habits you may have or expectations others may have for you by helping you identify your values and take actions to move towards a life you want.
If you find it difficult to move your life in the direction you want, leave old patterns behind and set boundaries, I can help. I often work with cycle-breakers, people who are choosing to do things differently in their lives. Whether that's in relationships, parenting or your experience of your emotions, We can work together to help find balance as well as identifying and changing patterns and core beliefs that may be holding you back. I can help you break free of what habits you may have or expectations others may have for you by helping you identify your values and take actions to move towards a life you want.
(984) 538-9207 View (984) 538-9207
Photo of Dr. Matthew Van, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Matthew Van
Psychologist, PsyD
2 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27606
Not accepting new clients
I often work with patients to examine longstanding difficulties, both with others and within their own selves. Such patterns often leave people feeling misunderstood, empty, lost, unheard, unseen, taken advantage of, stuck, angry, or resentful. Feeling this way can leave you feeling disconnected from and distrusting of others; even those who you love and want to feel close to. Many times, these pieces can be extremely difficult and even can feel impossible to share. And that's okay. We will work together to address what feels important to you and at your pace.
I often work with patients to examine longstanding difficulties, both with others and within their own selves. Such patterns often leave people feeling misunderstood, empty, lost, unheard, unseen, taken advantage of, stuck, angry, or resentful. Feeling this way can leave you feeling disconnected from and distrusting of others; even those who you love and want to feel close to. Many times, these pieces can be extremely difficult and even can feel impossible to share. And that's okay. We will work together to address what feels important to you and at your pace.
(919) 444-8014 View (919) 444-8014
Photo of Duncan Bordeaux, LCSW Associate , LCSWA
Duncan Bordeaux
LCSW Associate , LCSWA
1 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27601
I work with young people, adolescents, adults, and families of all configurations, with a special focus on the LGBTQIA+ community and relationship building. I have experience working with clients from a wide range of cultural and socio-economic backgrounds as well a passion for creating safe and healthy spaces for people to explore themselves and their relationships. I additionally specialize in helping people navigate nonmonogamous, poly, queer, kink, and otherwise nontraditional relationships as well as the feelings that come along with them.
I work with young people, adolescents, adults, and families of all configurations, with a special focus on the LGBTQIA+ community and relationship building. I have experience working with clients from a wide range of cultural and socio-economic backgrounds as well a passion for creating safe and healthy spaces for people to explore themselves and their relationships. I additionally specialize in helping people navigate nonmonogamous, poly, queer, kink, and otherwise nontraditional relationships as well as the feelings that come along with them.
(984) 223-5194 View (984) 223-5194
Photo of Lauren Sweetman, LCMHC, NCC, MEd
Lauren Sweetman
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27607
Waitlist for new clients
I truly believe that everyone is capable of positive change. My role is to offer a supportive, nurturing environment where we can form a collaborative partnership and explore your unique experiences. Together we will develop a holistic treatment plan that addresses the mind, body, and spirit. We will work to build healthy habits, balance emotions, strengthen relationships, reprocess trauma, challenge automatic thoughts, and increase joy. Along the way, we celebrate every win, large or small.
I truly believe that everyone is capable of positive change. My role is to offer a supportive, nurturing environment where we can form a collaborative partnership and explore your unique experiences. Together we will develop a holistic treatment plan that addresses the mind, body, and spirit. We will work to build healthy habits, balance emotions, strengthen relationships, reprocess trauma, challenge automatic thoughts, and increase joy. Along the way, we celebrate every win, large or small.
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Photo of Joy Stanfield, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Joy Stanfield
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27609
Are you struggling with self-esteem or body image, you're not alone. Maybe you’ve been feeling stuck in a cycle of self-criticism, comparison, or shame. My work centers around helping you reconnect with your sense of self-worth and build a more compassionate relationship with your body. I use creative, integrative approaches that go beyond talk therapy — incorporating expressive arts, narrative therapy, mindfulness, and spirituality to help you explore your inner world in new, empowering ways. Whether you're navigating the lasting effects of trauma, cultural pressures, or perfectionism, I offer a space of acceptance and caring.
Are you struggling with self-esteem or body image, you're not alone. Maybe you’ve been feeling stuck in a cycle of self-criticism, comparison, or shame. My work centers around helping you reconnect with your sense of self-worth and build a more compassionate relationship with your body. I use creative, integrative approaches that go beyond talk therapy — incorporating expressive arts, narrative therapy, mindfulness, and spirituality to help you explore your inner world in new, empowering ways. Whether you're navigating the lasting effects of trauma, cultural pressures, or perfectionism, I offer a space of acceptance and caring.
(919) 713-0260 View (919) 713-0260
Photo of Dayhana A Ray, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Dayhana A Ray
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LCMHC
3 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27609
Are you the eldest daughter or a parentified adult? On the outside, you’re high achieving, always showing up for others because you are dependable. But on the inside, you may feel anxious, overwhelmed, or disconnected from yourself. You might second-guess your needs and desires or struggle to slow down and rest. Maybe you’ve recently been diagnosed with ADHD and are trying to make sense of your experiences. Deep down, you’re ready to reconnect with your joy, heal your inner child, and live in a way that feels more grounded and compassionate.
Are you the eldest daughter or a parentified adult? On the outside, you’re high achieving, always showing up for others because you are dependable. But on the inside, you may feel anxious, overwhelmed, or disconnected from yourself. You might second-guess your needs and desires or struggle to slow down and rest. Maybe you’ve recently been diagnosed with ADHD and are trying to make sense of your experiences. Deep down, you’re ready to reconnect with your joy, heal your inner child, and live in a way that feels more grounded and compassionate.
(984) 538-9374 View (984) 538-9374
Photo of Lydia N. Thompson, LCSW Associate, MSW, LCSWA
Lydia N. Thompson
LCSW Associate, MSW, LCSWA
2 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27615
Life can feel heavy at times, with responsibilities, relationships, and the weight of unspoken struggles. You don’t have to face it alone. I provide a safe, supportive space to work through stress, anxiety, and past pain while helping you reconnect with your strength and sense of self. My integrative, holistic approach focuses on mind, body, and spirit, because true healing is about transformation, not just coping.
Life can feel heavy at times, with responsibilities, relationships, and the weight of unspoken struggles. You don’t have to face it alone. I provide a safe, supportive space to work through stress, anxiety, and past pain while helping you reconnect with your strength and sense of self. My integrative, holistic approach focuses on mind, body, and spirit, because true healing is about transformation, not just coping.
(984) 342-2123 View (984) 342-2123
Photo of Alexandra Calix-Hughes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LCSW
Alexandra Calix-Hughes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27609
I provide a safe and nurturing environment where clients can be heard and empowered to explore, discover, understand, resolve, and transform their lives. I am committed and passionate about my work with clients. I offer therapeutic services to adolescents, adults, families, and couples in English or Spanish. My treatment methods are selected based on the client's presenting issues/ needs, assessment data, and evidence-based practices. I utilize a strength-based approach, commonly using cognitive and behavioral therapeutic modalities, skills training, and education in my work with clients.
I provide a safe and nurturing environment where clients can be heard and empowered to explore, discover, understand, resolve, and transform their lives. I am committed and passionate about my work with clients. I offer therapeutic services to adolescents, adults, families, and couples in English or Spanish. My treatment methods are selected based on the client's presenting issues/ needs, assessment data, and evidence-based practices. I utilize a strength-based approach, commonly using cognitive and behavioral therapeutic modalities, skills training, and education in my work with clients.
(919) 301-0846 View (919) 301-0846
Photo of Tavenia L Williams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Tavenia L Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Raleigh, NC 27609
Do you feel stuck, overwhelmed, lonely, or frustrated—unsure how to move forward even though you long for change? Life’s challenges can leave you feeling unsteady, disconnected, or exhausted from trying to figure everything out on your own. If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone—and there is hope. I believe meaningful change begins with feeling emotionally grounded and supported. With compassion, intention, and practical guidance, it is possible to regain clarity, strength, and direction. My goal is to provide a steady, supportive space where you can stabilize, reflect, and begin making the most of what you already have—so you
Do you feel stuck, overwhelmed, lonely, or frustrated—unsure how to move forward even though you long for change? Life’s challenges can leave you feeling unsteady, disconnected, or exhausted from trying to figure everything out on your own. If this sounds familiar, you’re not alone—and there is hope. I believe meaningful change begins with feeling emotionally grounded and supported. With compassion, intention, and practical guidance, it is possible to regain clarity, strength, and direction. My goal is to provide a steady, supportive space where you can stabilize, reflect, and begin making the most of what you already have—so you
(919) 726-0733 View (919) 726-0733
Photo of Dori Oxendine Akasson, LCSW Associate, LCSWA
Dori Oxendine Akasson
LCSW Associate, LCSWA
2 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27605
Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or down can happen to anyone—and you don't have to go through it alone. Life can sometimes lead us to isolate ourselves, but connection is a powerful part of healing. My name is Dori Akasson and I work with Three Oaks Behavioral Health, supporting individuals ages 13 and up who are navigating challenges like life transitions, mood swings, anxiety, depression, or simply the stress of everyday life.
Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or down can happen to anyone—and you don't have to go through it alone. Life can sometimes lead us to isolate ourselves, but connection is a powerful part of healing. My name is Dori Akasson and I work with Three Oaks Behavioral Health, supporting individuals ages 13 and up who are navigating challenges like life transitions, mood swings, anxiety, depression, or simply the stress of everyday life.
(984) 266-2082 View (984) 266-2082
Photo of Kae Elle Thigpen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Kae Elle Thigpen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Raleigh, NC 27607
You may be holding a lot—old pain, self-doubt, the sense that no one has ever truly gotten your world. I work with people experiencing difficult emotions, compulsive distraction behavior, and relational disturbances. My approach is parts-informed, somatic, and deeply respectful of defenses as intelligent adaptations. We work collaboratively to build self-nurturing, self-trust, and self-connection from the inside out. If you’ve learned to disconnect, over-function, or question your value, you’re not alone. My approach blends deep attunement with transformational methods. You can learn to trust again and choose new ways of being.
You may be holding a lot—old pain, self-doubt, the sense that no one has ever truly gotten your world. I work with people experiencing difficult emotions, compulsive distraction behavior, and relational disturbances. My approach is parts-informed, somatic, and deeply respectful of defenses as intelligent adaptations. We work collaboratively to build self-nurturing, self-trust, and self-connection from the inside out. If you’ve learned to disconnect, over-function, or question your value, you’re not alone. My approach blends deep attunement with transformational methods. You can learn to trust again and choose new ways of being.
(919) 626-3464 View (919) 626-3464
Photo of Erin Palmer, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, NCC, MEd
Erin Palmer
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, NCC, MEd
2 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27615
A board-certified psychotherapist since 2011, I assist clients in actualizing their best selves by providing Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy in-person in Raleigh, North Carolina and virtually in Vermont, New York, and Colorado. I practice Ketamine-assisted Psychotherapy (KAP), EMDR, IFS, CBT, and other humanistic modalities, with an emphasis on personal evolution, PTSD/trauma healing, mood disorders, substance abuse, eating disorders, and general life stress.
A board-certified psychotherapist since 2011, I assist clients in actualizing their best selves by providing Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy in-person in Raleigh, North Carolina and virtually in Vermont, New York, and Colorado. I practice Ketamine-assisted Psychotherapy (KAP), EMDR, IFS, CBT, and other humanistic modalities, with an emphasis on personal evolution, PTSD/trauma healing, mood disorders, substance abuse, eating disorders, and general life stress.
(720) 802-2142 View (720) 802-2142
Photo of Michelle Chachkes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Michelle Chachkes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Raleigh, NC 27615
Accepting New Clients: "Life is a journey...Everyone needs a guide sometimes". Therapy is a a process where we work to uncover the conflicts in our lives and create the awareness to change our behaviors, Do you have a relationship that you are struggling with? or feeling angry and want to learn how to go with the flow? There are a lot of factors that create stress in our lives some we can't control but we can learn how to cope with it and change the things we do have control over. Together, we will determine your goals and explore the possible strategies that will help you feel successful on your journey.
Accepting New Clients: "Life is a journey...Everyone needs a guide sometimes". Therapy is a a process where we work to uncover the conflicts in our lives and create the awareness to change our behaviors, Do you have a relationship that you are struggling with? or feeling angry and want to learn how to go with the flow? There are a lot of factors that create stress in our lives some we can't control but we can learn how to cope with it and change the things we do have control over. Together, we will determine your goals and explore the possible strategies that will help you feel successful on your journey.
(919) 504-5751 View (919) 504-5751
Photo of Colette Segalla, Counselor, PhD, LCMHC
Colette Segalla
Counselor, PhD, LCMHC
1 Endorsed
Raleigh, NC 27601
I provide individual and couples counseling for adults. As a couple's counselor, I work with couples to develop effective communication skills, improved emotional connection with one another, and healthy sexual intimacy. I enjoy working with adults on a wide variety of issues, including stress, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, codependency, grief, recovery from trauma, managing intense emotions, and obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors.
I provide individual and couples counseling for adults. As a couple's counselor, I work with couples to develop effective communication skills, improved emotional connection with one another, and healthy sexual intimacy. I enjoy working with adults on a wide variety of issues, including stress, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, codependency, grief, recovery from trauma, managing intense emotions, and obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors.
(919) 390-1270 View (919) 390-1270

See more therapy options for Raleigh

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Raleigh, NC

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Raleigh, NC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
75% Self Esteem
74% Relationship Issues
74% Stress
67% Trauma and PTSD
58% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Aetna
89% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Raleigh, NC see their clients

57% In Person and Online
43% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Raleigh?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.