Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Marco Coleman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Marco Coleman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
For most people, we often find ourselves stuck in patterns, overwhelmed with circumstances and life can be unfair at the worst times. Life has a lot of metaphors for journeys because of how much they shape and twist around us, we can still get lost on the path forward. I believe that by building awareness in our behaviors, identity, emotions, social connections and past, will give you the best road map to really understand what is best for you. By acknowledging each client's unique background and identity (personality, goals, passions) I can create a strong and tailored treatment plan for their possible symptoms and concerns.
For most people, we often find ourselves stuck in patterns, overwhelmed with circumstances and life can be unfair at the worst times. Life has a lot of metaphors for journeys because of how much they shape and twist around us, we can still get lost on the path forward. I believe that by building awareness in our behaviors, identity, emotions, social connections and past, will give you the best road map to really understand what is best for you. By acknowledging each client's unique background and identity (personality, goals, passions) I can create a strong and tailored treatment plan for their possible symptoms and concerns.
(773) 923-2898 View (773) 923-2898
Photo of Tara Salviato, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Tara Salviato
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
My goal is to create a space for you to explore what it means to live your best life. Maybe it's going after something that you’ve always wanted. Maybe it's letting go of fear and finding that person that got buried along the way. Maybe it's squashing those doubts and voices that tell you you aren’t good enough. Maybe it's reconnecting with yourself, setting boundaries or maybe learning more about a life worth living.
My goal is to create a space for you to explore what it means to live your best life. Maybe it's going after something that you’ve always wanted. Maybe it's letting go of fear and finding that person that got buried along the way. Maybe it's squashing those doubts and voices that tell you you aren’t good enough. Maybe it's reconnecting with yourself, setting boundaries or maybe learning more about a life worth living.
(312) 614-0730 View (312) 614-0730
Photo of James Lentini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
James Lentini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
James Lentini is a Licensed Social Worker in Illinois. He has an MSW in Social Work and a Certificate in Drug and Addiction Studies. Life is a beautiful yet difficult journey. Each of us experiences and manages life's ups and downs in a variety of ways. Our coping skills develop over time and usually include activities that make us feel better and activities that make us feel worse. All of these behaviors have been developed because they have been successful coping mechanisms at certain time periods in our lives, but we often outgrow these safety behaviors, and they often lead us into trouble.
James Lentini is a Licensed Social Worker in Illinois. He has an MSW in Social Work and a Certificate in Drug and Addiction Studies. Life is a beautiful yet difficult journey. Each of us experiences and manages life's ups and downs in a variety of ways. Our coping skills develop over time and usually include activities that make us feel better and activities that make us feel worse. All of these behaviors have been developed because they have been successful coping mechanisms at certain time periods in our lives, but we often outgrow these safety behaviors, and they often lead us into trouble.
(872) 206-9935 View (872) 206-9935
Photo of Erica Lloyd, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Erica Lloyd
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60605
I am thrilled to bring a unique blend of warmth, passion, reliability, and enthusiasm to my practice. My clients consistently commend my dependability, insightfulness, relatability, and compassion, which foster an open, honest, and safe environment where they can comfortably address the uncomfortable and tap into their innate strengths.
I am thrilled to bring a unique blend of warmth, passion, reliability, and enthusiasm to my practice. My clients consistently commend my dependability, insightfulness, relatability, and compassion, which foster an open, honest, and safe environment where they can comfortably address the uncomfortable and tap into their innate strengths.
(312) 948-9630 View (312) 948-9630
Photo of Melissa Rooth, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Melissa Rooth
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
Melissa Rooth is a LCPC and AMFT that specializes in trauma, depression, anxiety and life transitions. She has experience working with teens and young adults as well families and individuals. Melissa focuses on her clients intrinsic strengths and positive attributes, she believes in working collaboratively with clients and their families to help them improve the quality of their relationships and to explore new alternatives of living in their everyday lives. She creates a warm and safe environment through which she helps clients become aware of problematic patterns. Through awareness clients attain meaningful changes in their lives.
Melissa Rooth is a LCPC and AMFT that specializes in trauma, depression, anxiety and life transitions. She has experience working with teens and young adults as well families and individuals. Melissa focuses on her clients intrinsic strengths and positive attributes, she believes in working collaboratively with clients and their families to help them improve the quality of their relationships and to explore new alternatives of living in their everyday lives. She creates a warm and safe environment through which she helps clients become aware of problematic patterns. Through awareness clients attain meaningful changes in their lives.
(224) 204-0485 View (224) 204-0485
Photo of Latrice Wright, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Latrice Wright
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Not Verified Not Verified
Chicago, IL 60605
I have a sincere passion for working systemically with children, adolescents, families, couples and individuals. I utilize a multifaceted approach to treatment in order to help clients gain insight into their various behavioral, emotional, and thought processes. Rooted in a multicultural framework, I respect and value culturally diverse perspectives and interventions. Not only am I an LGBTQIA affirmative therapist, but also sensitive to issues of race/ethnicity, class, religion and how they may influence the therapeutic process.
I have a sincere passion for working systemically with children, adolescents, families, couples and individuals. I utilize a multifaceted approach to treatment in order to help clients gain insight into their various behavioral, emotional, and thought processes. Rooted in a multicultural framework, I respect and value culturally diverse perspectives and interventions. Not only am I an LGBTQIA affirmative therapist, but also sensitive to issues of race/ethnicity, class, religion and how they may influence the therapeutic process.
(773) 825-6363 View (773) 825-6363
Photo of Jessica Alfred, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Jessica Alfred
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60607  (Online Only)
Congratulations on making the brave decision to start therapy! Actively seeking support for yourself is important, and we don’t do it enough. When life becomes confusing and discouraging, turning to someone who wants to listen and help can make a significant difference. You are not alone in your travels. As a therapist, I guide adults through challenges and help them achieve internal peace and balance. I will help you work through obstacles in your journey, beginning with where you are while examining how the past has influenced your present. I apply a holistic, client-centered approach to therapy.
Congratulations on making the brave decision to start therapy! Actively seeking support for yourself is important, and we don’t do it enough. When life becomes confusing and discouraging, turning to someone who wants to listen and help can make a significant difference. You are not alone in your travels. As a therapist, I guide adults through challenges and help them achieve internal peace and balance. I will help you work through obstacles in your journey, beginning with where you are while examining how the past has influenced your present. I apply a holistic, client-centered approach to therapy.
(708) 726-0775 View (708) 726-0775
Photo of Alex Ragsdale, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Chicago, IL
Alex Ragsdale
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, ALMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
Waitlist for new clients
As a relational therapist, I focus on supporting and witnessing clients in finding healing, connection, conflict resolution, and repair to ultimately build a life and relationships that honor their values and imagination. Therapy is an opportunity for liberation from dominant social narratives that don’t work for us as individuals or in our relationships, and I recognize the intergenerational and ongoing trauma of struggling against those dominant narratives. All relationships can benefit from this lens – whether they're romantic, platonic, brand new, long-term, with others, or with parts of yourself.
As a relational therapist, I focus on supporting and witnessing clients in finding healing, connection, conflict resolution, and repair to ultimately build a life and relationships that honor their values and imagination. Therapy is an opportunity for liberation from dominant social narratives that don’t work for us as individuals or in our relationships, and I recognize the intergenerational and ongoing trauma of struggling against those dominant narratives. All relationships can benefit from this lens – whether they're romantic, platonic, brand new, long-term, with others, or with parts of yourself.
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Photo of Michael Atella, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Michael Atella
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
When you contact our practice, we aim to provide a comfortable, professional, and pleasant experience for you to grow and freely process. We want you to feel heard, so we listen carefully and deeply. We commit to be proactive and help create a safe and welcoming place for you to connect with your thoughts and feelings, your values, and even your dreams. We help build an alliance with you to grow in understanding and wisdom, to help you find and become yourself, and to develop more meaningful relationships and work.
When you contact our practice, we aim to provide a comfortable, professional, and pleasant experience for you to grow and freely process. We want you to feel heard, so we listen carefully and deeply. We commit to be proactive and help create a safe and welcoming place for you to connect with your thoughts and feelings, your values, and even your dreams. We help build an alliance with you to grow in understanding and wisdom, to help you find and become yourself, and to develop more meaningful relationships and work.
(847) 457-1714 x2 View (847) 457-1714 x2
Photo of Ben Tudor, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Ben Tudor
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
No one experiences life in a vacuum. This is why I am so passionate about incorporating all of the various relationships, experiences, and cultural dimensions that make you who you are, into our work together. My job is to learn about each individual, partner, or family member, to understand their challenges and help them find strength and motivation towards change. Whether I am working with couples, families, or individuals, it is important for our work to consider the multiple larger systems that impact your life. Just as the networks we are a part of inevitably affect us, we too send ripples out to others.
No one experiences life in a vacuum. This is why I am so passionate about incorporating all of the various relationships, experiences, and cultural dimensions that make you who you are, into our work together. My job is to learn about each individual, partner, or family member, to understand their challenges and help them find strength and motivation towards change. Whether I am working with couples, families, or individuals, it is important for our work to consider the multiple larger systems that impact your life. Just as the networks we are a part of inevitably affect us, we too send ripples out to others.
(773) 839-3303 View (773) 839-3303
Photo of Kalea Abernathy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Kalea Abernathy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
I believe that the key aspects of counseling are empathy, collaboration, and unconditional positive regard. With these foundational pieces, I work with my clients to create a trusting therapeutic relationship where individuals feel safe to process their past and present and feel empowered to achieve their goals. I have experience helping individuals address complex trauma, anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, and ODD. I integrate multiple lenses such as dialectical behavior therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, person-centered, and psychodynamic to better help and understand my clients.
I believe that the key aspects of counseling are empathy, collaboration, and unconditional positive regard. With these foundational pieces, I work with my clients to create a trusting therapeutic relationship where individuals feel safe to process their past and present and feel empowered to achieve their goals. I have experience helping individuals address complex trauma, anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, and ODD. I integrate multiple lenses such as dialectical behavior therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, person-centered, and psychodynamic to better help and understand my clients.
(872) 259-5470 x502 View (872) 259-5470 x502
Photo of Morgan Black, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Morgan Black
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CYT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60643
I received a Master’s Degree in Clinical Psychology from The Chicago School of Professional Psychology and have been practicing as a Licensed Professional Counselor for seven years. I enjoy working with children and adolescents ages 5-18, adults and families experiencing difficulty with anxiety, depression, mood concerns, trauma, grief/loss, life transitions, and issues with self-esteem. I also have experience working with individuals diagnosed with ADD/ADHD and Autism Spectrum. I believe in understanding and treating the whole person and creating an open, safe and empathic space to explore and work toward the changes you desire.
I received a Master’s Degree in Clinical Psychology from The Chicago School of Professional Psychology and have been practicing as a Licensed Professional Counselor for seven years. I enjoy working with children and adolescents ages 5-18, adults and families experiencing difficulty with anxiety, depression, mood concerns, trauma, grief/loss, life transitions, and issues with self-esteem. I also have experience working with individuals diagnosed with ADD/ADHD and Autism Spectrum. I believe in understanding and treating the whole person and creating an open, safe and empathic space to explore and work toward the changes you desire.
(708) 377-2880 View (708) 377-2880
Photo of Wegierek Psychology Center, Inc, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Wegierek Psychology Center, Inc
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60634
Prescribing Psychotropic Medication, Neuropsychological testing, and counseling.
Prescribing Psychotropic Medication, Neuropsychological testing, and counseling.
(708) 710-8819 View (708) 710-8819
Photo of Gloria Bernard, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Gloria Bernard
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60660  (Online Only)
My clients generally have a sense that something in their lives requires a big shift & seek support & guidance from a professional. Whether it is clarity about relationships, healing from a traumatic event, or taking control of anxiety - I work with you to reveal blind spots, be less reactive, more grounded, and stop getting in your own way; by empowering you to reclaim your inner peace and move forward with renewed strength and resilience. I genuinely trust that my clients know what is best for them and my job is to guide them toward their personal truth that was there all along.
My clients generally have a sense that something in their lives requires a big shift & seek support & guidance from a professional. Whether it is clarity about relationships, healing from a traumatic event, or taking control of anxiety - I work with you to reveal blind spots, be less reactive, more grounded, and stop getting in your own way; by empowering you to reclaim your inner peace and move forward with renewed strength and resilience. I genuinely trust that my clients know what is best for them and my job is to guide them toward their personal truth that was there all along.
(312) 584-3734 View (312) 584-3734
Photo of Jo Lief, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jo Lief
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60610
Seeking therapy takes courage. Many life events have led you to consider such a step, and I am already on your side. I actually see my clients as healthier for choosing therapy than others who may have chosen to avoid it. The most important single factor in the client-therapist connection is the right fit. I have 25+ years of private practice experience working with people to overcome obstacles to feeling good about themselves and their relationships. My style is empathic, warm and direct.
Seeking therapy takes courage. Many life events have led you to consider such a step, and I am already on your side. I actually see my clients as healthier for choosing therapy than others who may have chosen to avoid it. The most important single factor in the client-therapist connection is the right fit. I have 25+ years of private practice experience working with people to overcome obstacles to feeling good about themselves and their relationships. My style is empathic, warm and direct.
(312) 300-2055 View (312) 300-2055
Photo of Eve Gunderkline, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Eve Gunderkline
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
My approach to therapy is based on respect. I work to honor your unique life experience by adjusting my clinical approach to best meet your individual goals for therapy. I strive to provide a safe and collaborative space for clients to explore thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and patterns in order to facilitate meaningful change in your life. Using a holistic and psychodynamic approach, I can help you to utilize your strengths to promote healing.
My approach to therapy is based on respect. I work to honor your unique life experience by adjusting my clinical approach to best meet your individual goals for therapy. I strive to provide a safe and collaborative space for clients to explore thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and patterns in order to facilitate meaningful change in your life. Using a holistic and psychodynamic approach, I can help you to utilize your strengths to promote healing.
(872) 704-1703 View (872) 704-1703
Photo of Jeffrey Kraft, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jeffrey Kraft
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
Waitlist for new clients
Jeffrey is a licensed marriage and family therapist and an AAMFT approved supervisor committed to treating individuals, couples, and families. Jeffrey’s experiences include working with those affected by day-to-day stressors, transitions and difficulty establishing meaning in their lives. He holds extensive experience treating a variety of couples’ issues such as infidelity, strenuous transitions, and communication problems in relationships. Additionally, he holds a great interest in working with first responders, veterans and military families, as well as those impacted by negative childhood experiences.
Jeffrey is a licensed marriage and family therapist and an AAMFT approved supervisor committed to treating individuals, couples, and families. Jeffrey’s experiences include working with those affected by day-to-day stressors, transitions and difficulty establishing meaning in their lives. He holds extensive experience treating a variety of couples’ issues such as infidelity, strenuous transitions, and communication problems in relationships. Additionally, he holds a great interest in working with first responders, veterans and military families, as well as those impacted by negative childhood experiences.
(312) 313-2576 View (312) 313-2576
Photo of Lisa Abu-Bakr, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Lisa Abu-Bakr
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60647  (Online Only)
Welcome to the start of recovery and road to healing! Together we can continue creating the life you seek, navigate the questions you have, find the answers you want, and move through your concerns to manifest the life you want to live. I specialize in helping people with OCD, anxiety, depression, and trauma. I also support folks with multicultural identities and anyone who wants to work on maintaining and building relationships. No topic is off the table but rather invited in for the discussion!
Welcome to the start of recovery and road to healing! Together we can continue creating the life you seek, navigate the questions you have, find the answers you want, and move through your concerns to manifest the life you want to live. I specialize in helping people with OCD, anxiety, depression, and trauma. I also support folks with multicultural identities and anyone who wants to work on maintaining and building relationships. No topic is off the table but rather invited in for the discussion!
(773) 232-5512 View (773) 232-5512
Photo of Fernanda Ochoa, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Fernanda Ochoa
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
As a therapist, I am dedicated to actively listening to your daily concerns, no matter how challenging. My primary objective is to create a secure, non-judgmental environment where you feel comfortable opening up about your difficulties. I believe in fostering a collaborative approach to tackle the obstacles that may be hindering your progress towards achieving your goals. I am committed to equipping you with effective tools and coping mechanisms to navigate your emotions, all while nurturing self-love and confidence, empowering you to evolve into your best self.
As a therapist, I am dedicated to actively listening to your daily concerns, no matter how challenging. My primary objective is to create a secure, non-judgmental environment where you feel comfortable opening up about your difficulties. I believe in fostering a collaborative approach to tackle the obstacles that may be hindering your progress towards achieving your goals. I am committed to equipping you with effective tools and coping mechanisms to navigate your emotions, all while nurturing self-love and confidence, empowering you to evolve into your best self.
(312) 471-0342 View (312) 471-0342
Photo of Jx Heithmar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jx Heithmar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, TF-CBT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
I specialize in working with the LGBTQ community. I work with folks around trauma healing, gender and sexual identity exploration, developing healthy conflict and attachment styles (poly and kink affirming,) combating addiction, and building sincere connection to self and others. I center my practice around queer theory, feminist theory and critical race theory. I always aim to recognize any power dynamic in a therapeutic alliance and work towards cultivating a space that is egalitarian. Finding balance and stability through struggle is a primary focus of mine in my practice.
I specialize in working with the LGBTQ community. I work with folks around trauma healing, gender and sexual identity exploration, developing healthy conflict and attachment styles (poly and kink affirming,) combating addiction, and building sincere connection to self and others. I center my practice around queer theory, feminist theory and critical race theory. I always aim to recognize any power dynamic in a therapeutic alliance and work towards cultivating a space that is egalitarian. Finding balance and stability through struggle is a primary focus of mine in my practice.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
60% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.