Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Healing Life Counseling-Tucson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Healing Life Counseling-Tucson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
We now have an office in Tucson and are accepting New Clients. Welcome! We are a team of trained and qualified counselors who can help children, adolescents and adults cope with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, trauma, LGBTQIA+, eating disorders, ADHD, grief, relationship problems, addictions, codependency, career/job related issues, OCD, school problems, anger, major life changes, decision making, gender identity, crisis intervention and stress. We are passionate about helping you find new skills that will help you manage your symptoms and target ineffective behaviors, beliefs and habits that impact your quality of life.
We now have an office in Tucson and are accepting New Clients. Welcome! We are a team of trained and qualified counselors who can help children, adolescents and adults cope with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, trauma, LGBTQIA+, eating disorders, ADHD, grief, relationship problems, addictions, codependency, career/job related issues, OCD, school problems, anger, major life changes, decision making, gender identity, crisis intervention and stress. We are passionate about helping you find new skills that will help you manage your symptoms and target ineffective behaviors, beliefs and habits that impact your quality of life.
(480) 482-1838 View (480) 482-1838
Photo of Katie Clint, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Katie Clint
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
As a dedicated LMSW, my ideal client is someone grappling with complex emotional challenges, such as anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship issues. I am drawn to individuals who are open to exploring their inner world and seeking growth. My empathetic and compassionate nature fosters a safe space for clients to express themselves authentically, and I aim to empower my clients to cultivate resilience, develop coping skills, and ultimately achieve a sense of fulfillment and well-being in their lives.
As a dedicated LMSW, my ideal client is someone grappling with complex emotional challenges, such as anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship issues. I am drawn to individuals who are open to exploring their inner world and seeking growth. My empathetic and compassionate nature fosters a safe space for clients to express themselves authentically, and I aim to empower my clients to cultivate resilience, develop coping skills, and ultimately achieve a sense of fulfillment and well-being in their lives.
(520) 277-8305 View (520) 277-8305
Photo of Skylar Cook, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Skylar Cook
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85742
Waitlist for new clients
The fact that you are reading this says a great deal about you. Despite the circumstances you are facing and the pain you are trying to deal with there is something inside of you that’s helping you to keep going and it's helping you find a way through the mess and the pain. My hope is to join you in your journey through this mess and pain. I am not the expert on your life, you are. However, I will work to meet you where you are at, hear your story, and together we will work together to help you get to where you want to be.
The fact that you are reading this says a great deal about you. Despite the circumstances you are facing and the pain you are trying to deal with there is something inside of you that’s helping you to keep going and it's helping you find a way through the mess and the pain. My hope is to join you in your journey through this mess and pain. I am not the expert on your life, you are. However, I will work to meet you where you are at, hear your story, and together we will work together to help you get to where you want to be.
(844) 960-2943 x5 View (844) 960-2943 x5
Photo of Jody L Little, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Jody L Little
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85742  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and EMDR Certified Therapist. I have been in the field since 2007. I specialize in the treatment of trauma and dissociative disorders.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and EMDR Certified Therapist. I have been in the field since 2007. I specialize in the treatment of trauma and dissociative disorders.
(520) 346-9761 View (520) 346-9761
Photo of Jacob Gotwals, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Jacob Gotwals
Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85750  (Online Only)
I specialize in relationship, sexual, and gender issues, trauma and attachment issues, and mindfulness. In our therapy relationship, you’ll experience connection, acceptance, safety, and trust; this can be healing in itself. We'll start by exploring and making sense of your challenges, compassionately and collaboratively. We can also use EMDR, guided imagery, and mindfulness to activate your mind’s natural ability to heal, going deeper than words, into realms of feeling, imagination, and focused attention. I believe you’ll find that I bring exceptional clarity, integrity, and creativity to our therapy work.
I specialize in relationship, sexual, and gender issues, trauma and attachment issues, and mindfulness. In our therapy relationship, you’ll experience connection, acceptance, safety, and trust; this can be healing in itself. We'll start by exploring and making sense of your challenges, compassionately and collaboratively. We can also use EMDR, guided imagery, and mindfulness to activate your mind’s natural ability to heal, going deeper than words, into realms of feeling, imagination, and focused attention. I believe you’ll find that I bring exceptional clarity, integrity, and creativity to our therapy work.
(505) 336-0088 View (505) 336-0088
Photo of Alison McCabe, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Alison McCabe
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705
Not accepting new clients
Hi there, and welcome. Let’s talk about the challenges that brought you here. Let’s also talk about the strength. Whether you’re giving therapy a first try, or another chance, I know it’s not easy. But we’re both here because of our shared belief that things can improve with the right support. Now let’s nurture your belief - in therapy and, most importantly, in yourself. You can change harmful behaviors that take more than they give. You can validate your past trauma and get out from under it. You can meet your emotional needs that were not met while growing up. You can learn to more fully love yourself and, in turn, receive love.
Hi there, and welcome. Let’s talk about the challenges that brought you here. Let’s also talk about the strength. Whether you’re giving therapy a first try, or another chance, I know it’s not easy. But we’re both here because of our shared belief that things can improve with the right support. Now let’s nurture your belief - in therapy and, most importantly, in yourself. You can change harmful behaviors that take more than they give. You can validate your past trauma and get out from under it. You can meet your emotional needs that were not met while growing up. You can learn to more fully love yourself and, in turn, receive love.
(908) 583-0376 View (908) 583-0376
Photo of Debra Marshall, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Debra Marshall
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LAMFT, CCTP
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704  (Online Only)
I specialize in families/couples, and I am an Idaho licensed LMFT and Arizona licensed LAMFT. Often clients seek therapy because they have become stuck. Sometimes relationships begin great, but life/situations cause a change to happen. We all have personal challenges, have stressful periods, or go through traumatic times. The desire to seek help to explore and process these problems can open the door to positive growth. I believe in the healing power of relationships: no matter the wounds, if all parties are willing to heal, I will help.
I specialize in families/couples, and I am an Idaho licensed LMFT and Arizona licensed LAMFT. Often clients seek therapy because they have become stuck. Sometimes relationships begin great, but life/situations cause a change to happen. We all have personal challenges, have stressful periods, or go through traumatic times. The desire to seek help to explore and process these problems can open the door to positive growth. I believe in the healing power of relationships: no matter the wounds, if all parties are willing to heal, I will help.
(520) 231-8485 View (520) 231-8485
Photo of Tatiana Thompson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Tatiana Thompson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I work with clients who are ready to upgrade their lives in a significant way. Feeling stuck in the same patterns can leave you feeling hopeless and create low self-worth. The truth is, most unhealthy patterns aren't due to a lack of will power or competence; they're due to blocking beliefs and subconscious protective mechanisms. I believe that every person has the ability to uncover and reprogram those old limiting beliefs, leading to greater life fulfillment.
Welcome! I work with clients who are ready to upgrade their lives in a significant way. Feeling stuck in the same patterns can leave you feeling hopeless and create low self-worth. The truth is, most unhealthy patterns aren't due to a lack of will power or competence; they're due to blocking beliefs and subconscious protective mechanisms. I believe that every person has the ability to uncover and reprogram those old limiting beliefs, leading to greater life fulfillment.
(520) 379-7153 View (520) 379-7153
Photo of Angela C De Maio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Angela C De Maio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LISAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85719
My primary focus is emotional health and well-being by utilizing the Whole Person Concept. This enables clients to make great stride in personal transformation and gains in self-esteem, improvement in the quality of their life at work, in intimate relationships and with family, friends and overcome social anxiety. By utilizing the bio-psycho-social-spiritual approach and traditional cognitive behavioral therapy in helping to reframe the presenting problem, we discover new possibilities to cope with life stressors. This process may include Jungian psychology, dream analysis, creative visualization, mindfulness meditation and Art.
My primary focus is emotional health and well-being by utilizing the Whole Person Concept. This enables clients to make great stride in personal transformation and gains in self-esteem, improvement in the quality of their life at work, in intimate relationships and with family, friends and overcome social anxiety. By utilizing the bio-psycho-social-spiritual approach and traditional cognitive behavioral therapy in helping to reframe the presenting problem, we discover new possibilities to cope with life stressors. This process may include Jungian psychology, dream analysis, creative visualization, mindfulness meditation and Art.
(520) 447-1121 View (520) 447-1121
Photo of Matthew Litschi, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Matthew Litschi
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85719
Relationship health is mental health. We never feel good when in conflict with our partner or family member (or in conflict with our own emotions). I help folx experience themselves more deeply, more kindly, and provide support with life's challenges and losses. Anxiety, depression, men's issues, trauma symptoms, and feeling stuck in life are areas I often help work through. My approach includes emotional mindfulness, spiritual perspectives, trauma recovery, and practical and relational skills for partnership and parenting.
Relationship health is mental health. We never feel good when in conflict with our partner or family member (or in conflict with our own emotions). I help folx experience themselves more deeply, more kindly, and provide support with life's challenges and losses. Anxiety, depression, men's issues, trauma symptoms, and feeling stuck in life are areas I often help work through. My approach includes emotional mindfulness, spiritual perspectives, trauma recovery, and practical and relational skills for partnership and parenting.
(520) 402-5790 View (520) 402-5790
Photo of Allison Hanzel, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Allison Hanzel
Counselor, MA, NCC, CCMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85742
Waitlist for new clients
Picking a counselor can be an intimidating process! I completely get it. One of the most important aspects of finding the right fit includes "clicking" with your counselor. So, how do you know it’s the right fit? I believe I can help you! I provide a safe and honoring space for clients. I have provided care for clients in a variety of areas. I am willing to assist you no matter what is going on in your life. My goal is to collaborate with you so that you feel empowered to overcome your obstacles, find peace and achieve your goals.
Picking a counselor can be an intimidating process! I completely get it. One of the most important aspects of finding the right fit includes "clicking" with your counselor. So, how do you know it’s the right fit? I believe I can help you! I provide a safe and honoring space for clients. I have provided care for clients in a variety of areas. I am willing to assist you no matter what is going on in your life. My goal is to collaborate with you so that you feel empowered to overcome your obstacles, find peace and achieve your goals.
(520) 729-2739 x704 View (520) 729-2739 x704
Photo of Elena Flores, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Elena Flores
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85741  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck, alone, lonely or unsupported? Struggling to process emotions, navigate challenging relationships, or learn healthy boundaries? Are you looking for online counseling? I would love to help! Often the process of healing, change and new beginnings can feel overwhelming and unattainable. I specialize in helping others achieve their goals through learning coping skills and processing the roots of these issues. I work with individuals towards hope and healing. I think you'll find that I'm calm, authentic, and nonjudgmental. If you want someone to walk alongside you, let's talk!
Are you feeling stuck, alone, lonely or unsupported? Struggling to process emotions, navigate challenging relationships, or learn healthy boundaries? Are you looking for online counseling? I would love to help! Often the process of healing, change and new beginnings can feel overwhelming and unattainable. I specialize in helping others achieve their goals through learning coping skills and processing the roots of these issues. I work with individuals towards hope and healing. I think you'll find that I'm calm, authentic, and nonjudgmental. If you want someone to walk alongside you, let's talk!
(928) 224-3250 View (928) 224-3250
Photo of Metamorphosis Counseling Services, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Metamorphosis Counseling Services, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85710
We offer individual therapy, couples therapy, family therapy, and online counseling in English and in Spanish for adults, adolescents, and children 6 & above. We have experience addressing relationship issues, trauma, depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Our supportive and compassionate licensed therapists will guide you through your transformation despite the adverse stages you have encountered.
We offer individual therapy, couples therapy, family therapy, and online counseling in English and in Spanish for adults, adolescents, and children 6 & above. We have experience addressing relationship issues, trauma, depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Our supportive and compassionate licensed therapists will guide you through your transformation despite the adverse stages you have encountered.
(520) 341-5174 View (520) 341-5174
Photo of Michael Biuso, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Michael Biuso
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716
At the core of my practice is loving-kindness, the genuine wish for you to be happy. Ideal clients seek relief from anxiety or depression. They grapple with life transitions, craving self-understanding and growth. Open to exploring their beliefs, they aspire to live authentically, fostering meaningful connections, and are committed to positive change.
At the core of my practice is loving-kindness, the genuine wish for you to be happy. Ideal clients seek relief from anxiety or depression. They grapple with life transitions, craving self-understanding and growth. Open to exploring their beliefs, they aspire to live authentically, fostering meaningful connections, and are committed to positive change.
(520) 636-0399 View (520) 636-0399
Photo of Devanand Heins, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Devanand Heins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85742
I am passionate about supporting others in discovering a sense of alignment with their authentic self. My belief is when we come to peace with who we are and learn to embody the unique gifts we offer the World, our mental health is able to improve and stabilize. This includes the ability to overcome trauma, anxiety, depression, and other mental health challenges. Through developing relationship to ourselves and our bodies, we can find untapped resilience from within. I specialize in working with adults and the aging population.
I am passionate about supporting others in discovering a sense of alignment with their authentic self. My belief is when we come to peace with who we are and learn to embody the unique gifts we offer the World, our mental health is able to improve and stabilize. This includes the ability to overcome trauma, anxiety, depression, and other mental health challenges. Through developing relationship to ourselves and our bodies, we can find untapped resilience from within. I specialize in working with adults and the aging population.
(720) 706-3730 View (720) 706-3730
Photo of Melissa Della Femina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Melissa Della Femina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTS-I
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85746
In my 10+ years of working with youth, adults, and families, I have had the honor of walking alongside trauma survivors of all ages as they reclaim their lives and reconnect with their authenticity. My clients have taught me about humility, strength, joy, and courage. I believe it is a privilege to be a part of your journey and will gratefully receive feedback to make sure our relationship is a healing experience in your life.
In my 10+ years of working with youth, adults, and families, I have had the honor of walking alongside trauma survivors of all ages as they reclaim their lives and reconnect with their authenticity. My clients have taught me about humility, strength, joy, and courage. I believe it is a privilege to be a part of your journey and will gratefully receive feedback to make sure our relationship is a healing experience in your life.
(520) 457-7432 View (520) 457-7432
Photo of Kimberly Anne Gay-Huynh, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Kimberly Anne Gay-Huynh
Counselor, MS, LAC, NCC, CCTS-I
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85715
Not accepting new clients
Offering individual & couples counseling with easy online booking now available at letallthrive.com/our-team/kimberly-gay-huynh. Specializing in stress, trauma, PTSD, and sexual abuse. If you're ready to start your healing journey, I'm ready to support you wherever you are on your path! If you're feeling stuck, anxious, depressed, stressed out, overwhelmed, or find yourself struggling in relationships or daily living and aren't sure why, I would love to help you find relief and start experiencing serenity and joy. Let's get to the core of your symptoms instead of putting a bandaid over your pain.
Offering individual & couples counseling with easy online booking now available at letallthrive.com/our-team/kimberly-gay-huynh. Specializing in stress, trauma, PTSD, and sexual abuse. If you're ready to start your healing journey, I'm ready to support you wherever you are on your path! If you're feeling stuck, anxious, depressed, stressed out, overwhelmed, or find yourself struggling in relationships or daily living and aren't sure why, I would love to help you find relief and start experiencing serenity and joy. Let's get to the core of your symptoms instead of putting a bandaid over your pain.
(520) 317-2328 View (520) 317-2328
Photo of Julie Rimkus, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Julie Rimkus
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716
Not accepting new clients
"Your past is not your potential. In any hour, you can choose to liberate the future" -- Marilyn Ferguson. Hello and welcome to my somatic psychotherapy practice. Both personally and professionally, I have learned the value of incorporating all aspects of the self - thoughts, feelings and the physical body - when addressing the suffering of human beings. My approach to healing is focused on the different ways we experience our lives (including cognition, emotion, five-sense perception, movement and sensation).
"Your past is not your potential. In any hour, you can choose to liberate the future" -- Marilyn Ferguson. Hello and welcome to my somatic psychotherapy practice. Both personally and professionally, I have learned the value of incorporating all aspects of the self - thoughts, feelings and the physical body - when addressing the suffering of human beings. My approach to healing is focused on the different ways we experience our lives (including cognition, emotion, five-sense perception, movement and sensation).
(520) 441-3646 View (520) 441-3646
Photo of Sarah Thomas-DeWildt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Sarah Thomas-DeWildt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85747  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I offer an empathic, non-judgmental approach to anyone needing a supportive, client-centered session, based on your individual needs. My approach is direct and active, targeted to anyone looking to either change certain details of their life or work on personal empowerment. My family therapy focuses on enhancing communication, building stronger connections, and repairing emotional wounds.
I offer an empathic, non-judgmental approach to anyone needing a supportive, client-centered session, based on your individual needs. My approach is direct and active, targeted to anyone looking to either change certain details of their life or work on personal empowerment. My family therapy focuses on enhancing communication, building stronger connections, and repairing emotional wounds.
(520) 502-6192 View (520) 502-6192
Photo of Emily Fenton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Emily Fenton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Engaging in therapy can feel like a big step. It doesn't have to be stressful though. It's important to remember that we all need support sometimes. I strive to meet all needs for clients, dedicating time and attention to ensure a sense of safety and belonging. I'll meet you/your child where you're at and identify goals for successful treatment. I enjoy working with children, adolescents, teens and young adults between the ages of 7-26, struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression, anger management, ADHD, social skills, self-esteem and more. Plus, I do a ton of parent coaching! We're in this together.
Engaging in therapy can feel like a big step. It doesn't have to be stressful though. It's important to remember that we all need support sometimes. I strive to meet all needs for clients, dedicating time and attention to ensure a sense of safety and belonging. I'll meet you/your child where you're at and identify goals for successful treatment. I enjoy working with children, adolescents, teens and young adults between the ages of 7-26, struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression, anger management, ADHD, social skills, self-esteem and more. Plus, I do a ton of parent coaching! We're in this together.
(520) 462-1377 View (520) 462-1377

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

900+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
88% Depression
80% Self Esteem
78% Relationship Issues
75% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
67% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.