Photo of Marina Jamghartanian, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Marina Jamghartanian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91214
I utilize integrative therapy techniques from different therapeutic orientations, such as humanistic, cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and mindfulness.
Step into a personalized journey of self-discovery and growth with my tailored therapy approach. By intricately weaving cultural sensitivities into my practice, I ensure a more effective and empathetic therapeutic experience. Your unique background and beliefs matter, and I am committed to understanding and incorporating them into our work together. My goal is not just to treat but to guide you towards emotional and mental flourishing. Let's overcome obstacles together. Reach out today and start your transformative journey with therapy. Your well-being deserves a customized and caring approach.
I utilize integrative therapy techniques from different therapeutic orientations, such as humanistic, cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and mindfulness.
Step into a personalized journey of self-discovery and growth with my tailored therapy approach. By intricately weaving cultural sensitivities into my practice, I ensure a more effective and empathetic therapeutic experience. Your unique background and beliefs matter, and I am committed to understanding and incorporating them into our work together. My goal is not just to treat but to guide you towards emotional and mental flourishing. Let's overcome obstacles together. Reach out today and start your transformative journey with therapy. Your well-being deserves a customized and caring approach.
(470) 869-1206 View (470) 869-1206
Photo of Dr. Chyneitha Cook | California Teletherapy, Psychologist in California
Dr. Chyneitha Cook | California Teletherapy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Corona, CA 92877  (Online Only)
As an integrative therapist, I am primarily cognitive-behavioral (CBT) and psychodynamic in orientation.
Are you worried, frustrated, or just plain disappointed with certain situations in your life? Perhaps your issues are current, or maybe they have been resurfacing, with no resolution. Seeking help is a big step, but it's a step in the right direction. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety and depression. My clients learn to consider all aspects of their functioning as human beings (biological, psychological, spiritual, etc.). I will assist you with developing a plan for working through the past or current situations that are hindering your progress in life, so that you can begin to function more effectively, and thrive.
As an integrative therapist, I am primarily cognitive-behavioral (CBT) and psychodynamic in orientation.
Are you worried, frustrated, or just plain disappointed with certain situations in your life? Perhaps your issues are current, or maybe they have been resurfacing, with no resolution. Seeking help is a big step, but it's a step in the right direction. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety and depression. My clients learn to consider all aspects of their functioning as human beings (biological, psychological, spiritual, etc.). I will assist you with developing a plan for working through the past or current situations that are hindering your progress in life, so that you can begin to function more effectively, and thrive.
(858) 203-2260 View (858) 203-2260
Photo of Pashtana Omar, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in California
Pashtana Omar
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS
Verified Verified
Anaheim Hills, CA 92807  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I integrate evidence-based practices like CBT, Solution-Focused Therapy, DBT, and Psychodynamic Therapy to foster positive change in clients' lives.
As a Muslim Afghan American therapist, I possess more than 5 years of experience providing support to individuals from a wide range of backgrounds. This includes working with underprivileged communities, minorities, and other vulnerable populations who require a culturally aware therapist. My expertise extends to assisting individuals, couples, and families dealing with various clinical conditions such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, marital conflict, bipolar disorder, OCD, and ADHD. In my practice, I prioritize evidence-based approaches and employ a culturally sensitive lens to truly understand each individual's unique needs.
I integrate evidence-based practices like CBT, Solution-Focused Therapy, DBT, and Psychodynamic Therapy to foster positive change in clients' lives.
As a Muslim Afghan American therapist, I possess more than 5 years of experience providing support to individuals from a wide range of backgrounds. This includes working with underprivileged communities, minorities, and other vulnerable populations who require a culturally aware therapist. My expertise extends to assisting individuals, couples, and families dealing with various clinical conditions such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, marital conflict, bipolar disorder, OCD, and ADHD. In my practice, I prioritize evidence-based approaches and employ a culturally sensitive lens to truly understand each individual's unique needs.
(714) 462-9438 View (714) 462-9438
Photo of Ahra (Esther) Ko, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in California
Ahra (Esther) Ko
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90010
Waitlist for new clients
My approach integrates psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral, dialectical, and attachment-based theories while being mindful of systemic and cultural factors.
Therapy is often sought after a major life transition or stressor. However, there are myriad benefits to seeking support in the process of change or uncertainty. Perhaps you've noticed a shift in your mood, sleep, or appetite, or you've found yourself feeling tired and overwhelmed. If you wait until these symptoms exacerbate, they may compound with other complex issues that can become more difficult to resolve. Early intervention is essential.
My approach integrates psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral, dialectical, and attachment-based theories while being mindful of systemic and cultural factors.
Therapy is often sought after a major life transition or stressor. However, there are myriad benefits to seeking support in the process of change or uncertainty. Perhaps you've noticed a shift in your mood, sleep, or appetite, or you've found yourself feeling tired and overwhelmed. If you wait until these symptoms exacerbate, they may compound with other complex issues that can become more difficult to resolve. Early intervention is essential.
(213) 375-1716 View (213) 375-1716
Photo of Elizabeth Enneis, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Elizabeth Enneis Enneis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Newport Beach, CA 92660
I use a cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic approach for individuals aged 5 to 95.
My ideal client is someone who has been struggling with addictions of all kinds, and is ready to receive help. I have worked with individuals and families affected by substance abuse, grief and loss, trauma and PTSD for 30 years. I am also trained in neurofeedback and have been integrating with talk therapy for 23 years. This helps with anxiety, ADHD and aspergers.
I use a cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic approach for individuals aged 5 to 95.
My ideal client is someone who has been struggling with addictions of all kinds, and is ready to receive help. I have worked with individuals and families affected by substance abuse, grief and loss, trauma and PTSD for 30 years. I am also trained in neurofeedback and have been integrating with talk therapy for 23 years. This helps with anxiety, ADHD and aspergers.
(949) 264-5945 View (949) 264-5945
Photo of Sarah Beaver, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in California
Sarah Beaver
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
My approach is warm and encouraging, and I primarily work from a psychodynamic perspective, though I bring in elements of many theories.
You made it here, which means you've decided to take a step toward improving and nurturing your mental health - amazing! No matter what you are seeking therapy for, it's a tough thing to tackle. As your mental health provider, I aim to create a nonjudgemental, safe space for you to explore your life experiences, challenges, and goals. I believe that the therapeutic process is relational and ever-evolving. Just as we are our own worst enemies, we are also our biggest allies, and I am here to help you strengthen that alliance with yourself.
My approach is warm and encouraging, and I primarily work from a psychodynamic perspective, though I bring in elements of many theories.
You made it here, which means you've decided to take a step toward improving and nurturing your mental health - amazing! No matter what you are seeking therapy for, it's a tough thing to tackle. As your mental health provider, I aim to create a nonjudgemental, safe space for you to explore your life experiences, challenges, and goals. I believe that the therapeutic process is relational and ever-evolving. Just as we are our own worst enemies, we are also our biggest allies, and I am here to help you strengthen that alliance with yourself.
(626) 772-6299 View (626) 772-6299
Photo of Lori Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in California
Lori Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Pleasanton, CA 94588  (Online Only)
My approach is thoughtful,interactive, and pragmatic, drawing upon psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral schools of thought.
Have you 'hit a wall' in trying to resolve a personal, career or relationship issue? In your busy life of competing demands do you have difficulty putting your needs first? 'Sucking it up' only gets you so far. I'd love to offer you my professional support in getting to the next level. Together we can create a safe place for you to experience yourself with compassion and self-understanding.
My approach is thoughtful,interactive, and pragmatic, drawing upon psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral schools of thought.
Have you 'hit a wall' in trying to resolve a personal, career or relationship issue? In your busy life of competing demands do you have difficulty putting your needs first? 'Sucking it up' only gets you so far. I'd love to offer you my professional support in getting to the next level. Together we can create a safe place for you to experience yourself with compassion and self-understanding.
(925) 387-6694 View (925) 387-6694
Photo of Laurel Salmon, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in California
Laurel Salmon
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91101
Utilizing CBT, mindfulness, and psychodynamic perspectives, I provide therapy through a holistic lens, aiming to see my clients from a full picture rather than just their symptomatology.
Experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma can be hard to navigate on one’s own. Through the use of integrative modalities, my goal is to help you find your way so that you can manage symptoms, feel your best, discover who you truly are, and move forward in the direction of your dreams whereby your past no longer holds you back. Using warmth and compassion, I also aim to provide trauma-informed care to discuss your struggles without judgment and safely process unresolved trauma and feelings.
Utilizing CBT, mindfulness, and psychodynamic perspectives, I provide therapy through a holistic lens, aiming to see my clients from a full picture rather than just their symptomatology.
Experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma can be hard to navigate on one’s own. Through the use of integrative modalities, my goal is to help you find your way so that you can manage symptoms, feel your best, discover who you truly are, and move forward in the direction of your dreams whereby your past no longer holds you back. Using warmth and compassion, I also aim to provide trauma-informed care to discuss your struggles without judgment and safely process unresolved trauma and feelings.
(626) 606-2788 View (626) 606-2788
Photo of Vivian Singleton, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Vivian Singleton
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oxnard, CA 93033
Hi, my name is Vivian Singleton, LMFT licensed in California. I approach therapy with potential clients from a client-centered approach, offering DBT, CBT couples counseling. I typically work with moderate to severe depressed clients, individuals experiencing psychosis impairments. In addition, working with couples struggling with communication, emotional intimacy, rupture in trust and intimacy. My approach is from a psychodynamic and humanistic and behavioral standpoint.
Hi, my name is Vivian Singleton, LMFT licensed in California. I approach therapy with potential clients from a client-centered approach, offering DBT, CBT couples counseling. I typically work with moderate to severe depressed clients, individuals experiencing psychosis impairments. In addition, working with couples struggling with communication, emotional intimacy, rupture in trust and intimacy. My approach is from a psychodynamic and humanistic and behavioral standpoint.
(805) 303-5998 View (805) 303-5998
Photo of Maria (Mari) Hernandez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in California
Maria (Mari) Hernandez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Barbara, CA 93101  (Online Only)
I am providing telehealth (video or phone) only at this time. My eclectic approach incorporates Psychodynamic therapy, Cognitive Behavioral therapy, a Solution-Focused lens, Life Coaching skills, Internal Family Systems (IFS) or parts-work & EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing). I offer support & guidance as you deal with stressors, changes or challenges that have arisen in your Life. I enjoy and have worked successfully with clients of all ethnicities & socio-economic levels. As well as enjoy being a therapist for other professionals & therapists.
I am providing telehealth (video or phone) only at this time. My eclectic approach incorporates Psychodynamic therapy, Cognitive Behavioral therapy, a Solution-Focused lens, Life Coaching skills, Internal Family Systems (IFS) or parts-work & EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing). I offer support & guidance as you deal with stressors, changes or challenges that have arisen in your Life. I enjoy and have worked successfully with clients of all ethnicities & socio-economic levels. As well as enjoy being a therapist for other professionals & therapists.
(805) 243-3302 View (805) 243-3302
Photo of Leo Terbieten, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Leo Terbieten
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
El Centro, CA 92243
My background is Psychodynamic, but my approach is pragmatic and designed to provide the most benefit in the time available.
Leo Terbieten, M.A., LMFT 29309. My family therapy practice supports parents and children at their most vulnerable time — the transition through divorce. I'm here to help you minimize stress and uncertainty as you interact with family court services and the family law court. I advise and walk you through this bewildering process that is crucial to your ability to parent your children. I work primarily with adults and adolescents dealing with the emotional fallout and stress of separation and divorce.
My background is Psychodynamic, but my approach is pragmatic and designed to provide the most benefit in the time available.
Leo Terbieten, M.A., LMFT 29309. My family therapy practice supports parents and children at their most vulnerable time — the transition through divorce. I'm here to help you minimize stress and uncertainty as you interact with family court services and the family law court. I advise and walk you through this bewildering process that is crucial to your ability to parent your children. I work primarily with adults and adolescents dealing with the emotional fallout and stress of separation and divorce.
(760) 819-7295 View (760) 819-7295
Photo of Maximiliano Cabellos, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Maximiliano Cabellos
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Riverside, CA 92503
My approach is psychodynamic, meaning, I like to go into the root cause of the problem not just the symptom.
I have experience working with anger management, anxiety, depression, domestic violence, gender identity, HIV/AIDS, immigration, substance abuse, trauma, PTSD, grief/loss, and sexuality issues. I specialize in working with BIPOC, individuals, and families (CIS/LGBT), but am open to all races and cultures. I have worked with individuals, couples, and families as a unit and individually.
My approach is psychodynamic, meaning, I like to go into the root cause of the problem not just the symptom.
I have experience working with anger management, anxiety, depression, domestic violence, gender identity, HIV/AIDS, immigration, substance abuse, trauma, PTSD, grief/loss, and sexuality issues. I specialize in working with BIPOC, individuals, and families (CIS/LGBT), but am open to all races and cultures. I have worked with individuals, couples, and families as a unit and individually.
(909) 487-1943 View (909) 487-1943
Photo of Huma Pekcan, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Huma Pekcan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bakersfield, CA 93311
My primary modalities include psychodynamic therapy and evidence-based practices.
My name is Huma Pekcan, and I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California. Currently, I am also pursuing my PhD degree in clinical psychology. My therapeutic approach revolves around helping individuals explore their personal narratives and facilitating growth in their lives. When you work with me, we will take the time to thoroughly assess your situation.
My primary modalities include psychodynamic therapy and evidence-based practices.
My name is Huma Pekcan, and I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the state of California. Currently, I am also pursuing my PhD degree in clinical psychology. My therapeutic approach revolves around helping individuals explore their personal narratives and facilitating growth in their lives. When you work with me, we will take the time to thoroughly assess your situation.
(661) 485-3172 View (661) 485-3172
Photo of Teresita Berndes-Carlson, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Teresita Berndes-Carlson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Culver City, CA 90230
I enjoy working with adults and couples and view the therapeutic relationship as a significant agent of change for those seking to work on long standing issues or every day difficulties. My psychotherapeutic style combines psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral interventions, depending on the needs of the individual or couple. This combination produces an empathic relationship that motivates, encourages and inspires clients to explore needed changes and helps to develop practical approaches to create those changes. I strive to create an atmosphere of acceptance and a safe place that fosters exploration, change and growth. Please call with any questions you may have.
I enjoy working with adults and couples and view the therapeutic relationship as a significant agent of change for those seking to work on long standing issues or every day difficulties. My psychotherapeutic style combines psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral interventions, depending on the needs of the individual or couple. This combination produces an empathic relationship that motivates, encourages and inspires clients to explore needed changes and helps to develop practical approaches to create those changes. I strive to create an atmosphere of acceptance and a safe place that fosters exploration, change and growth. Please call with any questions you may have.
(310) 400-5944 View (310) 400-5944
Photo of Laurel Salmon, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in California
Laurel Salmon
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Utilizing CBT, mindfulness, and psychodynamic perspectives, I provide therapy through a holistic lens, aiming to see my clients from a full picture rather than just their symptomatology.
Experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma can be hard to navigate on one’s own. Through the use of integrative modalities, my goal is to help you find your way so that you can manage symptoms, feel your best, discover who you truly are, and move forward in the direction of your dreams whereby your past no longer holds you back. Using warmth and compassion, I also aim to provide trauma-informed care to discuss your struggles without judgment and safely process unresolved trauma and feelings.
Utilizing CBT, mindfulness, and psychodynamic perspectives, I provide therapy through a holistic lens, aiming to see my clients from a full picture rather than just their symptomatology.
Experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma can be hard to navigate on one’s own. Through the use of integrative modalities, my goal is to help you find your way so that you can manage symptoms, feel your best, discover who you truly are, and move forward in the direction of your dreams whereby your past no longer holds you back. Using warmth and compassion, I also aim to provide trauma-informed care to discuss your struggles without judgment and safely process unresolved trauma and feelings.
(310) 856-9119 View (310) 856-9119
Photo of Melissa Ryan O'Keefe, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Melissa Ryan O'Keefe
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Pasadena, CA 91105
I am trained in psychodynamic psychotherapy and attachment theory.
Are you currently struggling with stress or relationship challenges? Many people struggle balancing the demands of life. It is not easy to ask for help. You don't need to suffer alone. Although you may be going through a hard time, you also are worthy of receiving care. I am here to listen and to assist in strengthening self-esteem and to offer ways to increase self-compassion. I practice with a person-centered approach and have extensive education. I enjoy working with individuals, couples, and families on creating meaningful life experiences and in overcoming difficult challenges.
I am trained in psychodynamic psychotherapy and attachment theory.
Are you currently struggling with stress or relationship challenges? Many people struggle balancing the demands of life. It is not easy to ask for help. You don't need to suffer alone. Although you may be going through a hard time, you also are worthy of receiving care. I am here to listen and to assist in strengthening self-esteem and to offer ways to increase self-compassion. I practice with a person-centered approach and have extensive education. I enjoy working with individuals, couples, and families on creating meaningful life experiences and in overcoming difficult challenges.
(747) 234-2619 View (747) 234-2619
Photo of Gabe Lanum, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Gabe Lanum
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Redondo Beach, CA 90277
I also utilize Attachment-based and Relational Psychodynamic Therapy.
If you are looking to heal from past pain, end destructive patterns, reconnect with your body, or choose and cultivate meaningful, intimate relationships: Welcome! I work with clients suffering from relational trauma and abuse, grief and loss, PTSD, anxiety, depression, past sexual abuse, and addictions. My ability to guide others is informed by my training but rooted in my own experiences of suffering, and of the utter relief of finding my own healing path.
I also utilize Attachment-based and Relational Psychodynamic Therapy.
If you are looking to heal from past pain, end destructive patterns, reconnect with your body, or choose and cultivate meaningful, intimate relationships: Welcome! I work with clients suffering from relational trauma and abuse, grief and loss, PTSD, anxiety, depression, past sexual abuse, and addictions. My ability to guide others is informed by my training but rooted in my own experiences of suffering, and of the utter relief of finding my own healing path.
(424) 360-2178 View (424) 360-2178
Photo of Simran Virdee, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Simran Virdee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Anaheim, CA 92807
Hi! I’m Sim and I’ve been in the field of psychology for over 10 years. I understand that the path to mental wellness can be a challenging one. However, I also believe that it is attainable. Mental well-being is a journey, not a destination and I’ve assisted many clients on that journey. I have experience with both adults and adolescents, and I utilize a variety of strategies including cognitive-behavioral techniques, client-centered work, solution-focused therapy, and relational/psychodynamic techniques.
Hi! I’m Sim and I’ve been in the field of psychology for over 10 years. I understand that the path to mental wellness can be a challenging one. However, I also believe that it is attainable. Mental well-being is a journey, not a destination and I’ve assisted many clients on that journey. I have experience with both adults and adolescents, and I utilize a variety of strategies including cognitive-behavioral techniques, client-centered work, solution-focused therapy, and relational/psychodynamic techniques.
(714) 816-4136 View (714) 816-4136
Photo of Dr. Jacqueline Hirk, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Dr. Jacqueline Hirk
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Newport Beach, CA 92660
I specialize in Cognitive behavioral therapy, attachment-based, psychodynamic, EMDR and mindfulness practices.
I have a strong belief that healing starts from within and encompasses the mind, body and soul. I helped many patients overcome depression, anxiety and find a peace of mind amidst a storm of stress and confusion. I provide a judgment free zone, where you can completely be yourself without fear. It is this transparency and our collaborative work together that will help you work through your problems without guilt or shame. My approach to therapy is one of creativity, compassion, accountability and empowerment.
I specialize in Cognitive behavioral therapy, attachment-based, psychodynamic, EMDR and mindfulness practices.
I have a strong belief that healing starts from within and encompasses the mind, body and soul. I helped many patients overcome depression, anxiety and find a peace of mind amidst a storm of stress and confusion. I provide a judgment free zone, where you can completely be yourself without fear. It is this transparency and our collaborative work together that will help you work through your problems without guilt or shame. My approach to therapy is one of creativity, compassion, accountability and empowerment.
(714) 970-4324 View (714) 970-4324
Photo of Galina Litvin, Marriage & Family Therapist in California
Galina Litvin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Using a client centered and psychodynamic approach, we will work to improve your overall well-being and help you reach a place of peace and stability in your life.
As a mental health therapist I work from a client centered focus. I support and guide you in managing your mental health concerns. You maybe experiencing symptoms such as depression, anxiety, trauma, stress, or relationship issues. If you have a desire to understand and address the root causes of your life challenges, and you are willing to engage in the therapeutic process to make positive changes in your life then I'd love to work with you. I use a non-judgmental, empathetic therapeutic approach. I work to provide a safe and supportive environment to explore your thoughts and feelings, which in turn helps you grow as human being.
Using a client centered and psychodynamic approach, we will work to improve your overall well-being and help you reach a place of peace and stability in your life.
As a mental health therapist I work from a client centered focus. I support and guide you in managing your mental health concerns. You maybe experiencing symptoms such as depression, anxiety, trauma, stress, or relationship issues. If you have a desire to understand and address the root causes of your life challenges, and you are willing to engage in the therapeutic process to make positive changes in your life then I'd love to work with you. I use a non-judgmental, empathetic therapeutic approach. I work to provide a safe and supportive environment to explore your thoughts and feelings, which in turn helps you grow as human being.
(925) 361-3853 View (925) 361-3853
Psychodynamic Therapists

Is psychodynamic therapy evidence-based?

Studies have found psychodynamic therapy to be effective in treating conditions like social anxiety, eating disorders, chronic pain, some personality disorders, and depression; indeed, some studies have found it to be just as effective as CBT or medication. What’s more, several studies have found that the benefits of psychodynamic therapy tend to endure—even grow—long after treatment has ended.

How long does psychodynamic therapy last?

Unlike CBT and other more structured forms of therapy, psychodynamic therapy tends to be open-ended and may not be limited to a set number of sessions. It is common for clients to be in therapy for a year or longer and to see their therapist one to three times a week, though the exact schedule and timeline may vary depending on a client’s challenges and progress. However, brief psychodynamic therapy is available, which tends to be more goal-oriented and typically unfolds over 16 to 30 sessions.

Does psychodynamic therapy work?

Research finds that psychodynamic therapy can help someone manage or reduce symptoms of diagnosable mental health conditions like depression or anxiety. The modality may also offer a range of benefits that are harder to measure but just as valuable—such as increased self-worth or healthier relationships. While no therapy type will work for everyone, research and anecdotal evidence suggest that psychodynamic therapy can be highly effective.

What are the limitations of psychodynamic therapy?

Some meta-analyses have concluded that there is little evidence to suggest that psychodynamic therapy can effectively treat certain mental health conditions such as PTSD, OCD, or psychosis, though it is sometimes used to do so. More broadly, the open-ended, free-association structure of psychodynamic therapy may be frustrating for clients who prefer a more structured, time-limited, or goal-oriented approach.