Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

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Photo of Kaitlyn Nguyen, MS, LMFT, EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kaitlyn Nguyen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am going to let you in on something. I, too, come from a place of conflictual relationships, anxiety and lack of self-love. Therapy helped me channel the innate strength residing in each and every one of us, and changed my whole life trajectory. For the past 8 years, I have partnered with clients on their journey towards healing and self-acceptance, helping them restore the balance in their relationships with themselves, and with others.
I am going to let you in on something. I, too, come from a place of conflictual relationships, anxiety and lack of self-love. Therapy helped me channel the innate strength residing in each and every one of us, and changed my whole life trajectory. For the past 8 years, I have partnered with clients on their journey towards healing and self-acceptance, helping them restore the balance in their relationships with themselves, and with others.
(714) 410-5672 View (714) 410-5672
Photo of Kelly Daly, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kelly Daly
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
I believe that growth is a balance of tackling our short-term challenges while uncovering their long-term patterns and origins. I consider it a privilege to work alongside my clients and find out what is possible when we make the decision to explore and evolve. My approach is tailored to each individual and their goals, but I center my work around a psychodynamic approach that incorporates mindfulness-based stress reduction, somatic therapy, attachment theory, and family systems.
I believe that growth is a balance of tackling our short-term challenges while uncovering their long-term patterns and origins. I consider it a privilege to work alongside my clients and find out what is possible when we make the decision to explore and evolve. My approach is tailored to each individual and their goals, but I center my work around a psychodynamic approach that incorporates mindfulness-based stress reduction, somatic therapy, attachment theory, and family systems.
(626) 415-3592 View (626) 415-3592
Photo of María Bernal Mendoza, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
María Bernal Mendoza
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
My approach to therapy is based on a holistic and nurturing approach. I utilized CBT, Solution focus and humanistic approach to work on areas such as self-esteem, autonomy, and strengthening the relationship with your inner self. I work with individuals who are ready to invest in their mental health and are ready to do the work. I focus on self-esteem issues, relationship problems, negative self-talk, and community interaction.
My approach to therapy is based on a holistic and nurturing approach. I utilized CBT, Solution focus and humanistic approach to work on areas such as self-esteem, autonomy, and strengthening the relationship with your inner self. I work with individuals who are ready to invest in their mental health and are ready to do the work. I focus on self-esteem issues, relationship problems, negative self-talk, and community interaction.
(213) 539-3421 View (213) 539-3421
Photo of Chris Howard, CADCIII, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Chris Howard
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADCIII
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
I am a Certified Alcohol Drug Counselor III (CADC-III) and have assisted families in crisis for over a decade. My therapeutic style is influenced by the principles of Gestalt Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). When working with families my focus is on what is happening in the here-and-now and overcoming disruptive attitudes, values, beliefs, and behavior that undermine quality of life and interpersonal relationships. My aim is to empower individuals and families to identify maladaptive characteristics and elicit positive change in their lives.
I am a Certified Alcohol Drug Counselor III (CADC-III) and have assisted families in crisis for over a decade. My therapeutic style is influenced by the principles of Gestalt Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). When working with families my focus is on what is happening in the here-and-now and overcoming disruptive attitudes, values, beliefs, and behavior that undermine quality of life and interpersonal relationships. My aim is to empower individuals and families to identify maladaptive characteristics and elicit positive change in their lives.
(424) 999-7307 View (424) 999-7307
Photo of Janice Raj, PsyD, Psychologist
Janice Raj
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have extensive experience with panic attacks, anxiety, stress, insomnia, and mild to moderate depression. The majority of our day-to-day behaviors can be best described as being on autopilot which means they occur more so automatically without our conscious effort. This process can be efficient but some parts can also cause us distress. My approach to therapy includes building awareness of distressing thought, emotional, and behavioral patterns that are part of this autopilot process and replacing them intentionally with more adaptive patterns. This helps create and strengthen new neural pathways in the brain.
I have extensive experience with panic attacks, anxiety, stress, insomnia, and mild to moderate depression. The majority of our day-to-day behaviors can be best described as being on autopilot which means they occur more so automatically without our conscious effort. This process can be efficient but some parts can also cause us distress. My approach to therapy includes building awareness of distressing thought, emotional, and behavioral patterns that are part of this autopilot process and replacing them intentionally with more adaptive patterns. This helps create and strengthen new neural pathways in the brain.
(669) 348-3007 View (669) 348-3007
Photo of Sarah L. Stifler, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sarah L. Stifler
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Online Only
Therapy is a deeply collaborative, relational journey. I work alongside you to help you gain greater awareness and understanding of your experiences, patterns, and feelings so you can make desired changes and move towards personal growth. Primary to this work is my dedication to providing a safe and respectful space for you to explore yourself freely and without judgment. From navigating major life transitions like emerging into adulthood and midlife complexities to working through trauma and depression, I am a compassionate and direct partner on your journey. Curiosity and grace will be the fuel that drive our work together.
Therapy is a deeply collaborative, relational journey. I work alongside you to help you gain greater awareness and understanding of your experiences, patterns, and feelings so you can make desired changes and move towards personal growth. Primary to this work is my dedication to providing a safe and respectful space for you to explore yourself freely and without judgment. From navigating major life transitions like emerging into adulthood and midlife complexities to working through trauma and depression, I am a compassionate and direct partner on your journey. Curiosity and grace will be the fuel that drive our work together.
(310) 879-5362 View (310) 879-5362
Photo of Ronald J. Frederick, PhD, Psychologist
Ronald J. Frederick
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90048
I've been helping individuals and couples transform their lives for over 25 years and am the author of two books, Living Like You Mean It and Loving Like You Mean It. My overall objective is to help you experience meaningful change and achieve your goals in the least amount of time needed. Unlike more traditional approaches that focus primarily on talking, I help you have new emotional experiences that enable you to truly resolve core issues, move forward unencumbered, and, ultimately, have the life and relationships you really want.
I've been helping individuals and couples transform their lives for over 25 years and am the author of two books, Living Like You Mean It and Loving Like You Mean It. My overall objective is to help you experience meaningful change and achieve your goals in the least amount of time needed. Unlike more traditional approaches that focus primarily on talking, I help you have new emotional experiences that enable you to truly resolve core issues, move forward unencumbered, and, ultimately, have the life and relationships you really want.
(310) 736-2841 View (310) 736-2841
Photo of Chelsea Small, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chelsea Small
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90041
People struggling with anxiety, perfectionism, self-criticism, rigid thinking and behaviors, and shame have found me a good fit. I work well with people who have past trauma, relational trauma, and unresolved emotional or relational wounds. I also work well with people who might have been in therapy before and are looking to get to a deeper level of self-understanding, and with other therapists and helping professionals. My practice accommodates people who find themselves wanting or needing more than once a week sessions. I enjoy working with couples looking to better understand themselves, each other, and their dynamics.
People struggling with anxiety, perfectionism, self-criticism, rigid thinking and behaviors, and shame have found me a good fit. I work well with people who have past trauma, relational trauma, and unresolved emotional or relational wounds. I also work well with people who might have been in therapy before and are looking to get to a deeper level of self-understanding, and with other therapists and helping professionals. My practice accommodates people who find themselves wanting or needing more than once a week sessions. I enjoy working with couples looking to better understand themselves, each other, and their dynamics.
(213) 992-5995 View (213) 992-5995
Photo of Laurie Gale Stone, PhD, Psychologist
Laurie Gale Stone
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Online Only
Life may feel overwhelming, especially when past traumas continue to affect how you live and connect in the present. If you are struggling with feelings of emotional pain are disconnected from yourself and others I provide a safe therapeutic space to explore and heal these wounds. With decades of experience as a psychologist, my work is grounded in a psychodynamic approach that integrates mindfulness, compassion, and self inquiry. My intent is to join with you to explore the unconscious roots of your inner struggles and help you reconnect with yourself through empathy and understanding.
Life may feel overwhelming, especially when past traumas continue to affect how you live and connect in the present. If you are struggling with feelings of emotional pain are disconnected from yourself and others I provide a safe therapeutic space to explore and heal these wounds. With decades of experience as a psychologist, my work is grounded in a psychodynamic approach that integrates mindfulness, compassion, and self inquiry. My intent is to join with you to explore the unconscious roots of your inner struggles and help you reconnect with yourself through empathy and understanding.
(424) 544-3359 View (424) 544-3359
Photo of Janie Echeverria, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janie Echeverria
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I graduated from SDSU in 2004 with a master's degree in social work and successfully attained licensure in 2010. I have been a counselor since 2004 in a variety of settings while working in outpatient mental health clinics, working with adults and children with severe psychological conditions. My approach is starting where the client is at and introducing them to the most suitable therapeutic models such as cognitive behavioral therapy, Motivational Interviewing Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Processing Therapy, and other models that have shown to be effective in the treatment of psychological conditions.
I graduated from SDSU in 2004 with a master's degree in social work and successfully attained licensure in 2010. I have been a counselor since 2004 in a variety of settings while working in outpatient mental health clinics, working with adults and children with severe psychological conditions. My approach is starting where the client is at and introducing them to the most suitable therapeutic models such as cognitive behavioral therapy, Motivational Interviewing Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Processing Therapy, and other models that have shown to be effective in the treatment of psychological conditions.
(213) 513-7738 View (213) 513-7738
Photo of Sage Leitson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sage Leitson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, and it is my deeply held belief, and a guiding principle, that we heal in a relationship. We are wired for connection, and this fundamental aspect of being human is a significant part of why therapy works. My style is relational and attuned—I am actively present, consistent, and engaged. Therapy builds on your innate capacity to heal by fostering greater self-awareness, resilience, and ease.
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, and it is my deeply held belief, and a guiding principle, that we heal in a relationship. We are wired for connection, and this fundamental aspect of being human is a significant part of why therapy works. My style is relational and attuned—I am actively present, consistent, and engaged. Therapy builds on your innate capacity to heal by fostering greater self-awareness, resilience, and ease.
(424) 544-5342 View (424) 544-5342
Photo of Tamaa Tj Cassey, APCC
Tamaa Tj Cassey
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome, my name Tamaa "TJ" Cassey, an Associate Professional Clinical Counselor dedicated to creating a safe, empathetic space where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Whether you're navigating trauma, dealing with feelings of isolation, or just seeking a deeper understanding of yourself, I'm here to support you every step of the way. As someone who understands the complexities of inner-city life and the challenges it brings, I offer a unique perspective that blends professional expertise with genuine compassion.
Welcome, my name Tamaa "TJ" Cassey, an Associate Professional Clinical Counselor dedicated to creating a safe, empathetic space where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences. Whether you're navigating trauma, dealing with feelings of isolation, or just seeking a deeper understanding of yourself, I'm here to support you every step of the way. As someone who understands the complexities of inner-city life and the challenges it brings, I offer a unique perspective that blends professional expertise with genuine compassion.
(805) 308-7309 View (805) 308-7309
Photo of Angie Bradshaw, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Angie Bradshaw
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Hi there, I use attachment-based, trauma-informed, and somatic approaches so you can feel more present, connected, and vibrant. I'm trained in Somatic Experiencing and EMDR, as well more traditional talk therapy modalities. I am here to support you with understanding, processing, and overcoming your challenges. I have helped clients with anxiety, relationships and dating, childhood trauma, life transitions, parenting, neurodivergence, sexuality, career, and identity. My style is curious and affirming–and I can be direct and practical when needed.
Hi there, I use attachment-based, trauma-informed, and somatic approaches so you can feel more present, connected, and vibrant. I'm trained in Somatic Experiencing and EMDR, as well more traditional talk therapy modalities. I am here to support you with understanding, processing, and overcoming your challenges. I have helped clients with anxiety, relationships and dating, childhood trauma, life transitions, parenting, neurodivergence, sexuality, career, and identity. My style is curious and affirming–and I can be direct and practical when needed.
(424) 291-2763 View (424) 291-2763
Photo of Helene Bringsli, AMFT, EFT, EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Helene Bringsli
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, EFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90066
Welcome! I'm so glad you're here, taking this courageous step toward healing and growth. Whether you're an individual or a couple, I’m here to support you in navigating the complexities of your relationships and personal journey. If you're facing communication challenges, unresolved trauma, or simply want a deeper connection in your life, we can work together to create a nurturing space where you can explore these issues and grow. By creating a safe, judgment-free space, I help you connect with your true self and work through the obstacles holding you back.
Welcome! I'm so glad you're here, taking this courageous step toward healing and growth. Whether you're an individual or a couple, I’m here to support you in navigating the complexities of your relationships and personal journey. If you're facing communication challenges, unresolved trauma, or simply want a deeper connection in your life, we can work together to create a nurturing space where you can explore these issues and grow. By creating a safe, judgment-free space, I help you connect with your true self and work through the obstacles holding you back.
(424) 392-7269 View (424) 392-7269
Photo of Elizabeth Serrano, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elizabeth Serrano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
My ideal client is a high-performing individual who is ambitious, goal-oriented, and deeply committed to personal growth but feels weighed down by mental health challenges like anxiety, self-doubt, burnout, or struggles with identity and balance. They are often fitness enthusiasts, athletes, or professionals striving for excellence in their field, yet they recognize the need for support in managing the emotional and mental obstacles that hinder their potential. They value a holistic approach that integrates mental clarity, emotional resilience, and wellness to create sustainable success and fulfillment.
My ideal client is a high-performing individual who is ambitious, goal-oriented, and deeply committed to personal growth but feels weighed down by mental health challenges like anxiety, self-doubt, burnout, or struggles with identity and balance. They are often fitness enthusiasts, athletes, or professionals striving for excellence in their field, yet they recognize the need for support in managing the emotional and mental obstacles that hinder their potential. They value a holistic approach that integrates mental clarity, emotional resilience, and wellness to create sustainable success and fulfillment.
(657) 385-8520 View (657) 385-8520
Photo of Stien Emma Jasinski, PsyD, Psychological Associate
Stien Emma Jasinski
Psychological Associate, PsyD
Verified Verified
Online Only
Accepting new clients in-person and virtual! Dr. Stien Jasinski is passionate about delivering authentic, collaborative, direct care to her clients so that they may live the lives they’ve envisioned while functioning at their highest potentials.
Accepting new clients in-person and virtual! Dr. Stien Jasinski is passionate about delivering authentic, collaborative, direct care to her clients so that they may live the lives they’ve envisioned while functioning at their highest potentials.
(323) 800-8619 View (323) 800-8619
Photo of Kongit Farrell - Couples Premarital Counseling, LMFT, CST, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kongit Farrell - Couples Premarital Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
Online Only
The person you commit to will transform your life. Let's make sure it's for the better. While getting serious with someone is fun, it’s also a meaningful process that you want to go well because the stakes (your futures) are so high. I can help you and your partner sort through what you need to make sure you’re the right fit for lasting love. During our initial meeting we’ll review your marriage goals and discuss the results of 3 industry-leading assessments designed to determine your compatibility.
The person you commit to will transform your life. Let's make sure it's for the better. While getting serious with someone is fun, it’s also a meaningful process that you want to go well because the stakes (your futures) are so high. I can help you and your partner sort through what you need to make sure you’re the right fit for lasting love. During our initial meeting we’ll review your marriage goals and discuss the results of 3 industry-leading assessments designed to determine your compatibility.
(424) 326-1340 View (424) 326-1340
Photo of Tristin Engels, LCP, Psychologist
Tristin Engels
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi! My name is Dr. Tristin Engels (PSY29403), and I am a licensed Clinical and Forensic Psychologist. My experience has taught me that the most important aspect of effective therapy is building and maintaining a therapeutic rapport. Without that, treatment success will be negatively impacted. As a clinical forensic psychologist, I have worked with extremely diverse and underserved populations for the majority of my career. This has been invaluable in allowing me exposure and experience working with nearly all mental health conditions, understanding cultural sensitivity and building rapport with the most resistant of clients.
Hi! My name is Dr. Tristin Engels (PSY29403), and I am a licensed Clinical and Forensic Psychologist. My experience has taught me that the most important aspect of effective therapy is building and maintaining a therapeutic rapport. Without that, treatment success will be negatively impacted. As a clinical forensic psychologist, I have worked with extremely diverse and underserved populations for the majority of my career. This has been invaluable in allowing me exposure and experience working with nearly all mental health conditions, understanding cultural sensitivity and building rapport with the most resistant of clients.
(424) 588-3916 View (424) 588-3916
Photo of Elika Razmjou, PsyD, Psychologist
Elika Razmjou
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90064
Therapy is an opportunity to invest in the emotional education your younger self may have never received, and wished they had. It's a space to explore old patterns and habits, and to soften ones that don't serve you. I help my clients get unstuck, through exploring and shifting their relationship with their own thoughts and emotions. I empower clients by equipping them with coping tools to manage stress and balance the nervous system, ultimately in service of reconnecting with their values.
Therapy is an opportunity to invest in the emotional education your younger self may have never received, and wished they had. It's a space to explore old patterns and habits, and to soften ones that don't serve you. I help my clients get unstuck, through exploring and shifting their relationship with their own thoughts and emotions. I empower clients by equipping them with coping tools to manage stress and balance the nervous system, ultimately in service of reconnecting with their values.
(213) 394-9687 View (213) 394-9687
Elizabeth Boehning White
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
As a child and adolescent therapist I bring warmth and compassion to my work. I have earned the confidence of my clients and admiration from my colleagues for my skills and expertise. I work with children and teenagers to feel more capable and confidant as they move through the challenges, excitement, and opportunities of their childhood. In my practice I work along side parents to develop a child's sense of safety, their capacity to manage their behaviors or self-regulate, enhance their feelings of connection and trust in themselves and others, enhance their capacity for play and learning, and deepen their self understanding.
As a child and adolescent therapist I bring warmth and compassion to my work. I have earned the confidence of my clients and admiration from my colleagues for my skills and expertise. I work with children and teenagers to feel more capable and confidant as they move through the challenges, excitement, and opportunities of their childhood. In my practice I work along side parents to develop a child's sense of safety, their capacity to manage their behaviors or self-regulate, enhance their feelings of connection and trust in themselves and others, enhance their capacity for play and learning, and deepen their self understanding.
(818) 900-7347 View (818) 900-7347
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Los Angeles, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
72% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
67% Coping Skills
65% Trauma and PTSD
63% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aetna
69% Cigna and Evernorth
58% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Los Angeles, CA see their clients

61% Online Only
39% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Los Angeles?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.