Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

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Photo of Alicia Ramírez, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, IFS L1
Alicia Ramírez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, IFS L1
Los Angeles, CA 90024
I approach psychotherapy as a co-creative alliance between client and therapist. I seek to create a safe, humorous and collaborative space for clients to explore their own ability to access greater insight, clarity and self-awareness. I gravitate towards humanistic, psychodynamic and in-depth psychology (Spiritual) approaches - while also tailoring each session to my client’s particular needs and strengths.
I approach psychotherapy as a co-creative alliance between client and therapist. I seek to create a safe, humorous and collaborative space for clients to explore their own ability to access greater insight, clarity and self-awareness. I gravitate towards humanistic, psychodynamic and in-depth psychology (Spiritual) approaches - while also tailoring each session to my client’s particular needs and strengths.
(310) 564-7130 View (310) 564-7130
Photo of Joshua Calderon, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Joshua Calderon
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
11 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Therapy is a safe, welcoming space where you can slow down and explore your thoughts and feelings with care and curiosity. It takes outstanding courage to begin this journey, but together, we’ll reconnect with your sincere emotional experience and authentic self to create space for meaningful, lasting change. Whether you’re navigating relationship challenges, family issues, identity questions, anxiety, depression, trauma, or addiction, you don’t have to do it alone. I’m here to support you in a collaborative, compassionate environment.
Therapy is a safe, welcoming space where you can slow down and explore your thoughts and feelings with care and curiosity. It takes outstanding courage to begin this journey, but together, we’ll reconnect with your sincere emotional experience and authentic self to create space for meaningful, lasting change. Whether you’re navigating relationship challenges, family issues, identity questions, anxiety, depression, trauma, or addiction, you don’t have to do it alone. I’m here to support you in a collaborative, compassionate environment.
(424) 699-4833 View (424) 699-4833
Photo of Janet Hasson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Janet Hasson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Do you ever find yourself making sure everyone’s needs are taken care of while having difficulty finding the time to take care of your own? Do you find yourself exhausted by the mental load you constantly carry? Is it hard to say no to others requests of you? Are you feeling high anxiety? Have you reached a stage in your life where you are ready to rediscover yourself and prioritize your needs? I specialize in working with people who feel stuck in cycles of perfectionism, people pleasing, and burnout. Together we will work to help move you forward on a path to feeling better. You deserve to feel balanced, empowered, and healthy.
Do you ever find yourself making sure everyone’s needs are taken care of while having difficulty finding the time to take care of your own? Do you find yourself exhausted by the mental load you constantly carry? Is it hard to say no to others requests of you? Are you feeling high anxiety? Have you reached a stage in your life where you are ready to rediscover yourself and prioritize your needs? I specialize in working with people who feel stuck in cycles of perfectionism, people pleasing, and burnout. Together we will work to help move you forward on a path to feeling better. You deserve to feel balanced, empowered, and healthy.
(424) 581-0721 View (424) 581-0721
Photo of Rebecca Sperber, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Rebecca Sperber
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Los Angeles, CA 90049
Clients that have had therapy or indulge in self help practices are great clients. Building self esteem, dealing with addiction issues, couples and family issues, single/ dating issues and mood disorders are areas i have worked in for many years. Additionally, i work with families and individuals dealing with autism. I prefer clients that are looking for interactive therapy with the therapist and are open to homework which helps embed what is being learned.
Clients that have had therapy or indulge in self help practices are great clients. Building self esteem, dealing with addiction issues, couples and family issues, single/ dating issues and mood disorders are areas i have worked in for many years. Additionally, i work with families and individuals dealing with autism. I prefer clients that are looking for interactive therapy with the therapist and are open to homework which helps embed what is being learned.
(323) 839-0539 View (323) 839-0539
Photo of Erica Campos, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Erica Campos
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Los Angeles, CA 90034
Welcoming New Patients! Erica is a registered Associate Marriage and Family Therapist at Bonmente, a full-service mental health clinic that offers online appointments, accepts insurance (Aetna, Anthem, Blue Cross, Cigna, United, and more), and has same-week appointments available. As a bilingual therapist and first-generation Mexican American, Erica was drawn to mental health care after experiencing the transformative impact of counseling in her own life. She is passionate about helping clients understand how their experiences shape their mental health, physical well-being, and interpersonal relationships.
Welcoming New Patients! Erica is a registered Associate Marriage and Family Therapist at Bonmente, a full-service mental health clinic that offers online appointments, accepts insurance (Aetna, Anthem, Blue Cross, Cigna, United, and more), and has same-week appointments available. As a bilingual therapist and first-generation Mexican American, Erica was drawn to mental health care after experiencing the transformative impact of counseling in her own life. She is passionate about helping clients understand how their experiences shape their mental health, physical well-being, and interpersonal relationships.
(424) 724-7440 View (424) 724-7440
Photo of Catherine Zanzinger, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Catherine Zanzinger
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Los Angeles, CA 90067
Catherine has been licensed in California since January of 2005. She holds a Masters in Clinical Psychology from Pepperdine University and a Bachelors Degree in Sociology from UCLA. Catherine has provided psychotherapy for families, couples and individuals in her private practice and in various mental health treatment centers. Through the use of authentic communication, empathy, passion, innovation and humor, Catherine helps clients overcome the obstacles that prevent them from finding purpose and contentment in all areas of life.
Catherine has been licensed in California since January of 2005. She holds a Masters in Clinical Psychology from Pepperdine University and a Bachelors Degree in Sociology from UCLA. Catherine has provided psychotherapy for families, couples and individuals in her private practice and in various mental health treatment centers. Through the use of authentic communication, empathy, passion, innovation and humor, Catherine helps clients overcome the obstacles that prevent them from finding purpose and contentment in all areas of life.
(424) 377-2721 View (424) 377-2721
Photo of Arami James, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Arami James
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90039
I am an emotionally-focused therapist (EFT) providing LGBTQIA+ and neurodivergent affirmative therapy for people seeking support in processing their lived experiences and issues. With a background in education and the arts, I integrate creativity, mindfulness, and somatic techniques into my practice — creating a space where healing can happen through multiple channels of expression. In session with me, I will support your internal world’s processes, so that you may find more moments of peace, connection, confidence, and joy both within yourself and with the world outside you.
I am an emotionally-focused therapist (EFT) providing LGBTQIA+ and neurodivergent affirmative therapy for people seeking support in processing their lived experiences and issues. With a background in education and the arts, I integrate creativity, mindfulness, and somatic techniques into my practice — creating a space where healing can happen through multiple channels of expression. In session with me, I will support your internal world’s processes, so that you may find more moments of peace, connection, confidence, and joy both within yourself and with the world outside you.
(747) 239-4937 View (747) 239-4937
Photo of Angela K Wallace, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Angela K Wallace
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
7 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90048
Waitlist for new clients
Do you feel pulled in too many directions? Are there times when you feel invisible, unheard, under appreciated or overwhelmed? You deserve some restorative stillness - a moment (or an hour) to tune in, to connect and be compassionate with yourself. Often, the experience of psychotherapy - reflecting on your life's events; establishing and nurturing your true self; discovering your hidden patterns - is a radical gesture of self care that can change the course of your life.
Do you feel pulled in too many directions? Are there times when you feel invisible, unheard, under appreciated or overwhelmed? You deserve some restorative stillness - a moment (or an hour) to tune in, to connect and be compassionate with yourself. Often, the experience of psychotherapy - reflecting on your life's events; establishing and nurturing your true self; discovering your hidden patterns - is a radical gesture of self care that can change the course of your life.
(424) 336-9970 View (424) 336-9970
Photo of Ellis Vernon III, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Ellis Vernon III
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or overwhelmed? Do you struggle with relationships, communication, or self-esteem? Are you looking for a compassionate and experienced therapist who can help you navigate life's challenges and achieve your goals?
Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or overwhelmed? Do you struggle with relationships, communication, or self-esteem? Are you looking for a compassionate and experienced therapist who can help you navigate life's challenges and achieve your goals?
(323) 736-4413 View (323) 736-4413
Photo of Heidy Milena Davila-Donis, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Heidy Milena Davila-Donis
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
4 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90025
You don't have a knowledge problem. You know your patterns, you can name them, trace them to childhood, and explain your attachment style better than some therapists. And you're still stuck on a Tuesday night, doing the exact thing you swore you understood. That's not a failure of insight. Self-understanding and change run on different tracks, and the space between them is where I actually work.
You don't have a knowledge problem. You know your patterns, you can name them, trace them to childhood, and explain your attachment style better than some therapists. And you're still stuck on a Tuesday night, doing the exact thing you swore you understood. That's not a failure of insight. Self-understanding and change run on different tracks, and the space between them is where I actually work.
(424) 484-9650 View (424) 484-9650
Photo of Angela Albert, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Angela Albert
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Online Only
You are smart. You've been working with these issues and if you could resolve them on your own you would have. You need a witness, an experienced guide to get you through this with compassion, empathy, clinical knowledge and a dose of good humor. Most clients are brought to therapy by some kind of transition that has arisen. A death, the loss of a relationship, a child going to college, artistic or professional challenges and blocks, a late diagnosis of ADHD/Autism, even anxiety and depression that are seemingly without reason. Consider me your Sherpa - I'm familiar with the terrain and I can get you to the other side.
You are smart. You've been working with these issues and if you could resolve them on your own you would have. You need a witness, an experienced guide to get you through this with compassion, empathy, clinical knowledge and a dose of good humor. Most clients are brought to therapy by some kind of transition that has arisen. A death, the loss of a relationship, a child going to college, artistic or professional challenges and blocks, a late diagnosis of ADHD/Autism, even anxiety and depression that are seemingly without reason. Consider me your Sherpa - I'm familiar with the terrain and I can get you to the other side.
(323) 714-3981 View (323) 714-3981
Photo of Nina Davis, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT
Nina Davis
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90066
Waitlist for new clients
As an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, I enjoy working with children, individuals, parents, and couples. Maybe you’re seeking healing from past trauma and desire stronger relationships, emotional resilience, and a deeper sense of self-worth. My clients are often looking for tools, understanding, and a space where they can be fully seen as they begin to heal, grow, and reconnect with themselves or the people they love. I meet clients where they are and walk with them toward where they want to be with authenticity and connection.
As an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, I enjoy working with children, individuals, parents, and couples. Maybe you’re seeking healing from past trauma and desire stronger relationships, emotional resilience, and a deeper sense of self-worth. My clients are often looking for tools, understanding, and a space where they can be fully seen as they begin to heal, grow, and reconnect with themselves or the people they love. I meet clients where they are and walk with them toward where they want to be with authenticity and connection.
(951) 289-5911 View (951) 289-5911
Photo of Simone Darsana, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Simone Darsana
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
2 Endorsed
Online Only
My passion has always been people—deeply listening to and understanding the person in front of me. I have learned that each person comes to therapy with a unique set of experiences, feelings, strengths, and fears. Therefore, I use a variety of techniques tailored to each person’s specific circumstances. But what is always the same is the safe, non judgmental space that I seek to provide my clients. I value a collaborative approach in which we will explore your fears, anxieties, hopes, and dreams. Together we will identify unhelpful patterns, gain insight, and develop healthier coping strategies to achieve your goals.
My passion has always been people—deeply listening to and understanding the person in front of me. I have learned that each person comes to therapy with a unique set of experiences, feelings, strengths, and fears. Therefore, I use a variety of techniques tailored to each person’s specific circumstances. But what is always the same is the safe, non judgmental space that I seek to provide my clients. I value a collaborative approach in which we will explore your fears, anxieties, hopes, and dreams. Together we will identify unhelpful patterns, gain insight, and develop healthier coping strategies to achieve your goals.
(323) 448-0024 View (323) 448-0024
Photo of Zoë Ogulnick, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Zoë Ogulnick
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Anxiety that won't shut off. Body image wounds that started in girlhood. Grief that doesn't follow a tidy script. I specialize in working with high-functioning people in California who look fine on paper but feel like something's quietly unraveling underneath. You're spiraling at midnight because someone left your text on “seen,” sucking in your stomach when your partner spoons you, or crying in the frozen aisle at Trader Joe's because Fleetwood Mac came on and you suddenly miss your mom. My PhD research focused on women's relationships with their bodies, and I've spent 14 years sitting with clients in exactly this kind of mess.
Anxiety that won't shut off. Body image wounds that started in girlhood. Grief that doesn't follow a tidy script. I specialize in working with high-functioning people in California who look fine on paper but feel like something's quietly unraveling underneath. You're spiraling at midnight because someone left your text on “seen,” sucking in your stomach when your partner spoons you, or crying in the frozen aisle at Trader Joe's because Fleetwood Mac came on and you suddenly miss your mom. My PhD research focused on women's relationships with their bodies, and I've spent 14 years sitting with clients in exactly this kind of mess.
(626) 624-4367 View (626) 624-4367
Photo of Brittney Walker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Brittney Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hi there, I'm Brittney, I am licensed in California with nine years of therapy experience. I have experience helping clients with stress, anxiety, relationship issues, family conflicts, trauma, and abuse. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I bring a unique approach as I embrace the Afrocentric perspective and can provide culturally sensitive therapy to minorities through education from an HBCU and my being a minority from the inner city. I have experience with adults from 18-85 from different ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. I am here to de-stigmatize mental health and have a therapist!
Hi there, I'm Brittney, I am licensed in California with nine years of therapy experience. I have experience helping clients with stress, anxiety, relationship issues, family conflicts, trauma, and abuse. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I bring a unique approach as I embrace the Afrocentric perspective and can provide culturally sensitive therapy to minorities through education from an HBCU and my being a minority from the inner city. I have experience with adults from 18-85 from different ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. I am here to de-stigmatize mental health and have a therapist!
(949) 989-5736 View (949) 989-5736
Photo of Candice McCray, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Candice McCray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Los Angeles, CA 90048
Deeply passionate about supporting those facing grief, post-partum depression/anxiety, and gender identity concerns, Candice creates a space where clients can explore their identities and emotions freely. She is a queer-affirming and trauma-informed therapist who understands the impact of societal and internal pressures, especially on women and members of the LGBTQ+ community. Her work honors each person’s lived experience while offering practical tools to support resilience and emotional well-being.
Deeply passionate about supporting those facing grief, post-partum depression/anxiety, and gender identity concerns, Candice creates a space where clients can explore their identities and emotions freely. She is a queer-affirming and trauma-informed therapist who understands the impact of societal and internal pressures, especially on women and members of the LGBTQ+ community. Her work honors each person’s lived experience while offering practical tools to support resilience and emotional well-being.
(310) 742-8626 View (310) 742-8626
Photo of Jennifer Lynch, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CCHt
Jennifer Lynch
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CCHt
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90027
Have you come to an obstacle you can't see your way through on your own? Are you noticing challenges in relationships with others or with yourself? Do you have a sense there is something deeper and more to life. Do you long for happiness and fulfillment? In your life so far, you may have had to do a lot of things on your own. But there are some things we can't do alone. A big step in healing is becoming ready to let in support. You may be in a dark night of the soul, which requires a form of therapy that goes deeper.
Have you come to an obstacle you can't see your way through on your own? Are you noticing challenges in relationships with others or with yourself? Do you have a sense there is something deeper and more to life. Do you long for happiness and fulfillment? In your life so far, you may have had to do a lot of things on your own. But there are some things we can't do alone. A big step in healing is becoming ready to let in support. You may be in a dark night of the soul, which requires a form of therapy that goes deeper.
(818) 452-2304 View (818) 452-2304
Photo of Farrah Mirzaee, Psychologist, LP
Farrah Mirzaee
Psychologist, LP
Online Only
As a clinical psychologist (PSY 30773), I am dedicated to helping individuals reach their full potential by enhancing their overall functioning, well-being, and success. My approach is collaborative, client-centered, and grounded in the belief that clients are the experts on their own lives. I view the therapeutic relationship as a partnership built on mutual respect, compassion, trust, and teamwork. Guided by my faith, I strive to treat every person with dignity and understanding, without judgment. I consider it a privilege to walk alongside clients as they navigate challenges, foster personal growth, and pursue healing.
As a clinical psychologist (PSY 30773), I am dedicated to helping individuals reach their full potential by enhancing their overall functioning, well-being, and success. My approach is collaborative, client-centered, and grounded in the belief that clients are the experts on their own lives. I view the therapeutic relationship as a partnership built on mutual respect, compassion, trust, and teamwork. Guided by my faith, I strive to treat every person with dignity and understanding, without judgment. I consider it a privilege to walk alongside clients as they navigate challenges, foster personal growth, and pursue healing.
(323) 366-4741 View (323) 366-4741
Photo of Zachary Zaret, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Zachary Zaret
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Los Angeles, CA 90010
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist passionate about helping individuals and couples navigate life’s challenges with authenticity and self-compassion. I specialize in working with the LGBTQ+ community and bring a creative, client-centered approach to therapy, believing in everyone’s ability to create meaningful change. Whether you’re facing relationship concerns, anxiety, or identity exploration, I provide a supportive space where you can heal, grow, and thrive.
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist passionate about helping individuals and couples navigate life’s challenges with authenticity and self-compassion. I specialize in working with the LGBTQ+ community and bring a creative, client-centered approach to therapy, believing in everyone’s ability to create meaningful change. Whether you’re facing relationship concerns, anxiety, or identity exploration, I provide a supportive space where you can heal, grow, and thrive.
(213) 594-4151 View (213) 594-4151
Photo of Khamila II, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Khamila II
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
My name is Khamila Ii and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in Los Angeles, working with adults individually throughout California via telehealth. I specialize in depression, anxiety, addiction, stress, and life transitions. My practice is dedicated to creating a safe and empowering environment where clients feel seen, understood, and supported as they navigate life's challenges through utilizing Client-Centered, Cognitive Behavioral, and Mindfulness-based therapies.
My name is Khamila Ii and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in Los Angeles, working with adults individually throughout California via telehealth. I specialize in depression, anxiety, addiction, stress, and life transitions. My practice is dedicated to creating a safe and empowering environment where clients feel seen, understood, and supported as they navigate life's challenges through utilizing Client-Centered, Cognitive Behavioral, and Mindfulness-based therapies.
(747) 966-2883 View (747) 966-2883

See more therapy options for Los Angeles

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$182

Therapists in Los Angeles, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
93% Social Anxiety
93% Health Anxiety
93% Driving Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Aetna
71% Cigna and Evernorth
58% Anthem

How Therapists in Los Angeles, CA see their clients

53% Online Only
47% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

77% Female
21% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Los Angeles?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.