Therapists in Pasadena, CA

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Photo of Christian Holmes, Marriage & Family Therapist, AMFT
Christian Holmes
Marriage & Family Therapist, AMFT
Pasadena, CA 91107
You’re high-functioning yet stuck in loops—using more than you want, overwhelmed by anxiety, or scattered by ADHD. Relationships feel strained, focus slips, and old wounds keep getting triggered. You want clarity, steadiness, and a life that feels like yours again. I offer a clear plan, practical skills, and compassionate accountability. Together we’ll reduce symptoms, heal attachment injuries and trauma, strengthen focus, and build daily habits that support authentic, long-term change.
You’re high-functioning yet stuck in loops—using more than you want, overwhelmed by anxiety, or scattered by ADHD. Relationships feel strained, focus slips, and old wounds keep getting triggered. You want clarity, steadiness, and a life that feels like yours again. I offer a clear plan, practical skills, and compassionate accountability. Together we’ll reduce symptoms, heal attachment injuries and trauma, strengthen focus, and build daily habits that support authentic, long-term change.
(626) 569-5947 View (626) 569-5947
Photo of Dr. Michael Fenske, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Michael Fenske
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
Offering therapy in California, Hawai‘i, and New York. Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, unmotivated, or stuck; even though you're doing your best to keep it together? Maybe you're in the middle of a life transition, navigating relationship stress, or just feeling lost and unsure of what's next. I work with individuals from late teens through middle adulthood, with a focus working with young adults and their related concerns. We’ll create a supportive space to explore what’s going on and work toward meaningful change. If you're seeking relief, clarity, or direction let's schedule a free 15 minute consultation call.
Offering therapy in California, Hawai‘i, and New York. Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, unmotivated, or stuck; even though you're doing your best to keep it together? Maybe you're in the middle of a life transition, navigating relationship stress, or just feeling lost and unsure of what's next. I work with individuals from late teens through middle adulthood, with a focus working with young adults and their related concerns. We’ll create a supportive space to explore what’s going on and work toward meaningful change. If you're seeking relief, clarity, or direction let's schedule a free 15 minute consultation call.
(323) 629-8560 View (323) 629-8560
Photo of Betsy J Harris, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Betsy J Harris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Are you ready to find peace and healing, whether from the effects of anxiety, depression, OCD, anger issues, low self esteem, addiction, trauma, or you just need to better cope with life stressors? I am an LCSW with extensive experience in trauma care, and I help individuals navigate the challenges of past pain and present stressors through compassionate, evidence-based methods. My approach integrates somatic healing, EMDR, IFS, and mindfulness techniques to help release the body's stored tension and emotions, allowing you to reclaim your life. I bring a caring, holistic, and evidence-based perspective to therapy.
Are you ready to find peace and healing, whether from the effects of anxiety, depression, OCD, anger issues, low self esteem, addiction, trauma, or you just need to better cope with life stressors? I am an LCSW with extensive experience in trauma care, and I help individuals navigate the challenges of past pain and present stressors through compassionate, evidence-based methods. My approach integrates somatic healing, EMDR, IFS, and mindfulness techniques to help release the body's stored tension and emotions, allowing you to reclaim your life. I bring a caring, holistic, and evidence-based perspective to therapy.
(626) 788-8746 View (626) 788-8746
Photo of Kevin Finn - Kevin Finn Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR, DBT, ERP, ADHD
Kevin Finn Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR, DBT, ERP, ADHD
Pasadena, CA 91101
Offering PRO-BONO spots for those impacted by the LA fires. Please reach out if this is you. I believe that we all have an innate healing power within us, and that developing a safe and caring relationship with a therapist can be a wonderful means toward enlivening this power. By going within, we can discover the agency to overcome any obstacle and can bring into being a renewed sense of hope, purpose, and a life of fulfillment. I specialize in trauma, dissociation, & complex post traumatic stress disorder.
Offering PRO-BONO spots for those impacted by the LA fires. Please reach out if this is you. I believe that we all have an innate healing power within us, and that developing a safe and caring relationship with a therapist can be a wonderful means toward enlivening this power. By going within, we can discover the agency to overcome any obstacle and can bring into being a renewed sense of hope, purpose, and a life of fulfillment. I specialize in trauma, dissociation, & complex post traumatic stress disorder.
(818) 862-4333 View (818) 862-4333
Photo of Samantha Miller, Psychologist, PsyD
Samantha Miller
Psychologist, PsyD
6 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
I help adults make sense of their experiences in a meaningful way. People come to me who are inquisitive and trying their best, yet still feel detached and longing for a better understanding of their lives. Oftentimes they’ve been in the driver’s seat going 100 miles an hour for years and can’t quite figure out how to slow down. Together, we work to slow fast-paced life, be present, and ultimately, see the once-blurry scenes in a clearer way. Just as each road trip is unique, so too is our tailor-made therapy. If you’re open-minded, motivated, and filled with curiosity, let’s see if we’re a good match!
I help adults make sense of their experiences in a meaningful way. People come to me who are inquisitive and trying their best, yet still feel detached and longing for a better understanding of their lives. Oftentimes they’ve been in the driver’s seat going 100 miles an hour for years and can’t quite figure out how to slow down. Together, we work to slow fast-paced life, be present, and ultimately, see the once-blurry scenes in a clearer way. Just as each road trip is unique, so too is our tailor-made therapy. If you’re open-minded, motivated, and filled with curiosity, let’s see if we’re a good match!
(626) 727-9809 View (626) 727-9809
Photo of Lisa Hoffort, Psychologist, PsyD
Lisa Hoffort
Psychologist, PsyD
Pasadena, CA 91101
My goal is to help people increase the skills they need to set them on the path for mental health recovery and encourage them to move forward on their life’s journey. I realize that when people enter into treatment they initially want to just stop the "madness", however I also help them to learn life skills, gain insight and self awareness, and learn how to stand on their own two feet in all areas of their lives.
My goal is to help people increase the skills they need to set them on the path for mental health recovery and encourage them to move forward on their life’s journey. I realize that when people enter into treatment they initially want to just stop the "madness", however I also help them to learn life skills, gain insight and self awareness, and learn how to stand on their own two feet in all areas of their lives.
(323) 745-2087 View (323) 745-2087
Photo of Leslie Suzanne Ortiz Montenegro, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Leslie Suzanne Ortiz Montenegro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
My ideal client faces challenges such as anxiety, depression, or relationship difficulties. They need a supportive, empathetic environment to openly discuss their feelings. Their goals include developing coping strategies, improving mental health, and building stronger relationships. They want to feel more positive and empowered, equipped with tools to manage emotions and navigate life's challenges. They seek therapy for personal growth, emotional stability, and compassionate guidance to achieve their therapy goals.
My ideal client faces challenges such as anxiety, depression, or relationship difficulties. They need a supportive, empathetic environment to openly discuss their feelings. Their goals include developing coping strategies, improving mental health, and building stronger relationships. They want to feel more positive and empowered, equipped with tools to manage emotions and navigate life's challenges. They seek therapy for personal growth, emotional stability, and compassionate guidance to achieve their therapy goals.
(626) 649-3742 View (626) 649-3742
Photo of Melissa Tines, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Melissa Tines
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91105
I believe in the interconnectedness of mind, body and spirit and I approach therapy from an integrative perspective that honors this connection. Together, we will explore the patterns, thoughts, and experiences that may be holding you back, allowing you to create positive change and find greater fulfillment in your life. I enjoy working with couples in navigating the intricacies of relationships and seek to be more connected in their presence and communication with one another.
I believe in the interconnectedness of mind, body and spirit and I approach therapy from an integrative perspective that honors this connection. Together, we will explore the patterns, thoughts, and experiences that may be holding you back, allowing you to create positive change and find greater fulfillment in your life. I enjoy working with couples in navigating the intricacies of relationships and seek to be more connected in their presence and communication with one another.
(213) 205-0070 View (213) 205-0070
Photo of Erica Mendez, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Erica Mendez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi there! I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in California. I strive to help clients reach their full potential by fostering emotional healing and resilience through evidenced-based practices. Ultimately, my goal as a therapist is to empower clients to grow, heal, and improve their overall quality of life. I am passionate about working with adolescents and young adults who are navigating the healing process from trauma. I find it deeply rewarding in supporting them in building resilience and developing healthy coping skills.
Hi there! I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in California. I strive to help clients reach their full potential by fostering emotional healing and resilience through evidenced-based practices. Ultimately, my goal as a therapist is to empower clients to grow, heal, and improve their overall quality of life. I am passionate about working with adolescents and young adults who are navigating the healing process from trauma. I find it deeply rewarding in supporting them in building resilience and developing healthy coping skills.
(626) 341-1874 View (626) 341-1874
Photo of Nicole Jabourian, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Nicole Jabourian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Learning to navigate life’s obstacles while trying to fulfill daily responsibilities is definitely an exhausting challenge. As a caring, empathetic, and compassionate clinician, my goal is to empower clients to overcome challenges, identify inner strengths, and achieve their personal goals. I gravitate towards taking a more eclectic approach that combines various therapeutic modalities, allowing me to meet my clients where they are at and adjust treatment goals and interventions based on individual needs. I strongly believe in the importance of building a strong therapeutic relationship based on trust, empathy, and collaboration.
Learning to navigate life’s obstacles while trying to fulfill daily responsibilities is definitely an exhausting challenge. As a caring, empathetic, and compassionate clinician, my goal is to empower clients to overcome challenges, identify inner strengths, and achieve their personal goals. I gravitate towards taking a more eclectic approach that combines various therapeutic modalities, allowing me to meet my clients where they are at and adjust treatment goals and interventions based on individual needs. I strongly believe in the importance of building a strong therapeutic relationship based on trust, empathy, and collaboration.
(626) 873-8616 View (626) 873-8616
Photo of Christine Kurata, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR-BC
Christine Kurata
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR-BC
Pasadena, CA 91101
In all phases of life, we face constant change and unexpected circumstances. Even for those who are strongly independent and resilient, life can be overwhelming at times. Therapy can be a space to explore the parts of life that feel uncertain and unmanageable, and identify where you want to go from here. Building the foundation for growth in therapy starts by creating a safe, genuine space where people can feel heard, understood, and valued for the person they are. I believe that people can foster long-term growth through understanding their journey, connecting with their true emotions, and empowering choice with authenticity.
In all phases of life, we face constant change and unexpected circumstances. Even for those who are strongly independent and resilient, life can be overwhelming at times. Therapy can be a space to explore the parts of life that feel uncertain and unmanageable, and identify where you want to go from here. Building the foundation for growth in therapy starts by creating a safe, genuine space where people can feel heard, understood, and valued for the person they are. I believe that people can foster long-term growth through understanding their journey, connecting with their true emotions, and empowering choice with authenticity.
(626) 314-5894 View (626) 314-5894
Photo of Ashley Shoshana Mink, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Ashley Shoshana Mink
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Pasadena, CA 91101
I believe that the body is an important part of talk therapy. I use a variety of Somatic and Mindfulness practices to help my clients slow down and tune into themselves.
I believe that the body is an important part of talk therapy. I use a variety of Somatic and Mindfulness practices to help my clients slow down and tune into themselves.
(424) 321-6436 View (424) 321-6436
Photo of Sheron Gershelis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Sheron Gershelis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Pasadena, CA 91101
Are you struggling with work, relational, and life stressors that have overwhelmed you and you are unsure what to do next? You're trying to open the next chapter in your life, but your past traumas and anxiety stop you. This is where I come in and help guide you in making YOUR right decision. I will help you through your journey in becoming worry-free and assist you in processing unresolved feelings and learning healthy coping skills for emotional distress
Are you struggling with work, relational, and life stressors that have overwhelmed you and you are unsure what to do next? You're trying to open the next chapter in your life, but your past traumas and anxiety stop you. This is where I come in and help guide you in making YOUR right decision. I will help you through your journey in becoming worry-free and assist you in processing unresolved feelings and learning healthy coping skills for emotional distress
(626) 587-3182 View (626) 587-3182
Photo of Wilfredo Ryan Guzon, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Wilfredo Ryan Guzon
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Online Only
Have you ever felt broken? Like something is uniquely wrong with you, something standard therapy can't fix? If so, you are not alone. As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor with a background in Philosophy and 5 years of experience in private practice, higher education, and psychiatric hospital settings, I have learned that there is no one-size-fits-all treatment in mental health. Yes, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy can help correct unrealistic thoughts, but sometimes negative thoughts are true. Sometimes you'll try every coping skill, and none of them will work.
Have you ever felt broken? Like something is uniquely wrong with you, something standard therapy can't fix? If so, you are not alone. As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor with a background in Philosophy and 5 years of experience in private practice, higher education, and psychiatric hospital settings, I have learned that there is no one-size-fits-all treatment in mental health. Yes, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy can help correct unrealistic thoughts, but sometimes negative thoughts are true. Sometimes you'll try every coping skill, and none of them will work.
(562) 545-4821 View (562) 545-4821
Photo of Angela Liu, Psychologist, PsyD, SEP
Angela Liu
Psychologist, PsyD, SEP
Pasadena, CA 91106
Sometimes life takes us on a path that leaves us with painful feelings, thoughts and/or memories. These experiences can interfere with our sense of well-being. Making sense of what happened can be overwhelming and uncomfortable. I hope that with our work together, you can share what matters to you, explore ways to gain more clarity, have a better understanding of your needs, and obtain the support you need to shift what you want to change in your life.
Sometimes life takes us on a path that leaves us with painful feelings, thoughts and/or memories. These experiences can interfere with our sense of well-being. Making sense of what happened can be overwhelming and uncomfortable. I hope that with our work together, you can share what matters to you, explore ways to gain more clarity, have a better understanding of your needs, and obtain the support you need to shift what you want to change in your life.
(626) 385-7920 View (626) 385-7920
Photo of Sonya Keith - Sonya Keith - NOCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Sonya Keith - NOCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Online Only
OCD has had a noticeable negative impact on people I care about, and I want to help prevent anyone else from suffering. My approach to OCD therapy is methodical and purposeful. I'm always curious about people and want to know as much about them as possible. Being trusted to help someone is an honor and a serious responsibility. At NOCD, my team and I provide effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly.
OCD has had a noticeable negative impact on people I care about, and I want to help prevent anyone else from suffering. My approach to OCD therapy is methodical and purposeful. I'm always curious about people and want to know as much about them as possible. Being trusted to help someone is an honor and a serious responsibility. At NOCD, my team and I provide effective specialized treatment for OCD and related conditions, such as BFRBs (including skin-picking, nail-biting, and hair-pulling). Our understanding of these conditions enables us to diagnose and treat them properly.
(626) 566-7143 View (626) 566-7143
Photo of John D A Wayne, Psychologist, PhD
John D A Wayne
Psychologist, PhD
Pasadena, CA 91105
You might find yourself repeating situations that cause suffering. Though you are aware of this, you do not know why you find yourself in the same situation, for example with one after another of unsatisfying partners, friends, jobs, etc. In the way that I work, my patients and I listen in a unique way to what is being spoken so that something can be heard, and thus known, and now something negative will not have to be repeated in the same way. You can free yourself to do things in other, more satisfying ways for yourself. It is not easy, but well worth the investment.
You might find yourself repeating situations that cause suffering. Though you are aware of this, you do not know why you find yourself in the same situation, for example with one after another of unsatisfying partners, friends, jobs, etc. In the way that I work, my patients and I listen in a unique way to what is being spoken so that something can be heard, and thus known, and now something negative will not have to be repeated in the same way. You can free yourself to do things in other, more satisfying ways for yourself. It is not easy, but well worth the investment.
(626) 269-2750 View (626) 269-2750
Photo of Natalie Nguyen, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Natalie Nguyen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, or past trauma? You're not alone and you don't have to navigate it by yourself. I'm a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) who works with adults to help them feel more grounded, empowered, and supported through life’s challenges. My approach is client-centered and collaborative. I tailor my methods to fit your unique needs and goals, drawing from evidence-based therapies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Motivational Interviewing (MI), Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), and EMDR.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, or past trauma? You're not alone and you don't have to navigate it by yourself. I'm a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) who works with adults to help them feel more grounded, empowered, and supported through life’s challenges. My approach is client-centered and collaborative. I tailor my methods to fit your unique needs and goals, drawing from evidence-based therapies such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Motivational Interviewing (MI), Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), and EMDR.
(714) 908-8478 View (714) 908-8478
Photo of Jeanette Buller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Jeanette Buller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Online Only
The world can be a stressful place, and having a safe, trustworthy, and supportive therapist can help ease our stress as we navigate the challenges of life. I embrace people of all backgrounds, beliefs, and situations. I believe that each person is the expert on their own life experiences, and together we will work toward decreasing associated symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, and conflict. I have compassion and respect for all of my Patients, and will support you through the highs and lows of life as we navigate your healing journey for a more manageable and sustainable future.
The world can be a stressful place, and having a safe, trustworthy, and supportive therapist can help ease our stress as we navigate the challenges of life. I embrace people of all backgrounds, beliefs, and situations. I believe that each person is the expert on their own life experiences, and together we will work toward decreasing associated symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, and conflict. I have compassion and respect for all of my Patients, and will support you through the highs and lows of life as we navigate your healing journey for a more manageable and sustainable future.
(626) 414-4474 View (626) 414-4474
Photo of Maria Olague, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Maria Olague
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Online Only
Welcome! I’m a bilingual Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) and Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) dedicated to creating a warm, collaborative, and culturally responsive space for healing and growth. My passion lies in helping individuals feel supported, truly heard, and empowered to navigate life’s challenges with resilience and self-compassion. Over the years, I’ve had the privilege of working in both school-based and community mental health settings, providing services to children, adolescents, adults, and families from diverse backgrounds.
Welcome! I’m a bilingual Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) and Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) dedicated to creating a warm, collaborative, and culturally responsive space for healing and growth. My passion lies in helping individuals feel supported, truly heard, and empowered to navigate life’s challenges with resilience and self-compassion. Over the years, I’ve had the privilege of working in both school-based and community mental health settings, providing services to children, adolescents, adults, and families from diverse backgrounds.
(626) 414-5042 View (626) 414-5042

See more therapy options for Pasadena

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Pasadena, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Pasadena, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
70% Self Esteem
66% Trauma and PTSD
65% Stress
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
66% Cigna and Evernorth
50% Anthem

How Therapists in Pasadena, CA see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Pasadena?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.