Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Sarah Lazer, Psychologist, PsyD
Sarah Lazer
Psychologist, PsyD
7 Endorsed
New York, NY 10168
Asking for help is not easy, so congratulations on taking the first step toward self-improvement and fulfillment. Through our partnership, I hope to help you better understand yourself in terms of how you function in your personal relationships, and help you see patterns that may be causing distress. My style is one that primarily focuses on empathy and insight. Though talking about issues that come up in therapy may initially be difficult, with time you will notice you are seeing yourself in a new light, and that you are able to accomplish positive change.
Asking for help is not easy, so congratulations on taking the first step toward self-improvement and fulfillment. Through our partnership, I hope to help you better understand yourself in terms of how you function in your personal relationships, and help you see patterns that may be causing distress. My style is one that primarily focuses on empathy and insight. Though talking about issues that come up in therapy may initially be difficult, with time you will notice you are seeing yourself in a new light, and that you are able to accomplish positive change.
(646) 461-3857 View (646) 461-3857
Photo of Hanna Chaudhry, Licensed Master Social Worker, MSW, LMSW
Hanna Chaudhry
Licensed Master Social Worker, MSW, LMSW
New York, NY 10016
Hi, I'm Hanna, an LMSW offering both in-person and virtual therapy for adults across New York. I specialize in supporting young adults and adults as they navigate a variety of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, grief, trauma, workplace stress, identity exploration, and relationship or family challenges. Empathy, empowerment, and self-awareness are the cornerstones of my practice. I aim to create a collaborative and supportive space where you can grow in alignment with your personal goals and values.
Hi, I'm Hanna, an LMSW offering both in-person and virtual therapy for adults across New York. I specialize in supporting young adults and adults as they navigate a variety of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, grief, trauma, workplace stress, identity exploration, and relationship or family challenges. Empathy, empowerment, and self-awareness are the cornerstones of my practice. I aim to create a collaborative and supportive space where you can grow in alignment with your personal goals and values.
(646) 849-5563 View (646) 849-5563
Photo of Jared Ng, MHC-LP, MA
Jared Ng
Verified Verified
Online Only
As a mental health counselor, I am dedicated to creating a safe and non-judgmental space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I believe that everyone has the inner strength to navigate life's challenges, and my role is to support you in discovering and building on that strength.
As a mental health counselor, I am dedicated to creating a safe and non-judgmental space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I believe that everyone has the inner strength to navigate life's challenges, and my role is to support you in discovering and building on that strength.
(646) 586-0940 View (646) 586-0940
Photo of Tatyana Krychkina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Tatyana Krychkina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome – I'm glad you're here. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I provide compassionate, client-centered therapy to individuals, couples, and families. I specialize in supporting clients through trauma, anxiety, depression, life transitions, and cultural or intergenerational challenges. With a warm and collaborative approach, I offer culturally responsive care to diverse populations, including immigrants, first responders, military-connected individuals, and adults of all ages. My goal is to walk with you, one step at a time, on your path to healing and growth.
Welcome – I'm glad you're here. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I provide compassionate, client-centered therapy to individuals, couples, and families. I specialize in supporting clients through trauma, anxiety, depression, life transitions, and cultural or intergenerational challenges. With a warm and collaborative approach, I offer culturally responsive care to diverse populations, including immigrants, first responders, military-connected individuals, and adults of all ages. My goal is to walk with you, one step at a time, on your path to healing and growth.
(929) 305-1755 View (929) 305-1755
Photo of Laura Rubinstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Laura Rubinstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
New York, NY 10024
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (Master of Science in Social Work from Columbia University) with over 40 years' experience. My work is focused on helping individuals and couples from diverse backgrounds deal with experiences of anxiety and reduced self-confidence in work, school, and relationships. My approach is tailored to individuals' particular needs and situations, working collaboratively with them to understand and modify patterns of thinking and behavior which may interfere with their achieving their own personal goals. I am an in-network Oxford and Aetna provider; I also have a flexible fee structure, based on individuals' financial circumstances.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (Master of Science in Social Work from Columbia University) with over 40 years' experience. My work is focused on helping individuals and couples from diverse backgrounds deal with experiences of anxiety and reduced self-confidence in work, school, and relationships. My approach is tailored to individuals' particular needs and situations, working collaboratively with them to understand and modify patterns of thinking and behavior which may interfere with their achieving their own personal goals. I am an in-network Oxford and Aetna provider; I also have a flexible fee structure, based on individuals' financial circumstances.
(646) 916-3878 View (646) 916-3878
Photo of Amanda Whitehurst, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP
Amanda Whitehurst
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10023
If you've experienced abuse, assault, or trauma, you know the impact can feel overwhelming, affecting your sense of self, emotional wellbeing, and the relationships in your life. I specialize in supporting individuals healing from sexual, physical, emotional, or spiritual abuse and trauma, helping you rediscover freedom and connection. I also enjoy working with individuals exploring their gender or sexual identity and the LGBTQIA2S+ community, offering a compassionate, nonjudgmental space to process and grow. With nearly a decade of experience, I'm here to affirm that healing is possible.
If you've experienced abuse, assault, or trauma, you know the impact can feel overwhelming, affecting your sense of self, emotional wellbeing, and the relationships in your life. I specialize in supporting individuals healing from sexual, physical, emotional, or spiritual abuse and trauma, helping you rediscover freedom and connection. I also enjoy working with individuals exploring their gender or sexual identity and the LGBTQIA2S+ community, offering a compassionate, nonjudgmental space to process and grow. With nearly a decade of experience, I'm here to affirm that healing is possible.
(646) 921-7933 View (646) 921-7933
Photo of Rachael Graham, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rachael Graham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10007
Beginning therapy is a brave and beautiful step. As your guide on your healing journey, my goal is for you to discover the internal strengths you already have to navigate any challenges that come your way. We’ll work together to promote self-compassion, self-acceptance, and positive changes across all areas of your life. My clients have diverse lived experiences and backgrounds. As such, I approach my practice from an intersectional perspective.
Beginning therapy is a brave and beautiful step. As your guide on your healing journey, my goal is for you to discover the internal strengths you already have to navigate any challenges that come your way. We’ll work together to promote self-compassion, self-acceptance, and positive changes across all areas of your life. My clients have diverse lived experiences and backgrounds. As such, I approach my practice from an intersectional perspective.
(347) 921-9359 View (347) 921-9359
Photo of Claudia de Paula, Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC
Claudia de Paula
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
My passion for therapy is fueled by my joy in helping people effectuate positive change in their coping systems and therefore in their quality of life. I work with adults of all ages, but tend to focus on women’s related mental health issues. I have extensive experience counseling individuals experiencing trauma (including sexual), grief/loss, PTSD, OCD, anxiety, as well as personality and mood disorders, including depression. As an immigrant, born and raised in Brazil, clients experiencing life transitions, family issues, and first generation Americans will find a safe space working with me.
My passion for therapy is fueled by my joy in helping people effectuate positive change in their coping systems and therefore in their quality of life. I work with adults of all ages, but tend to focus on women’s related mental health issues. I have extensive experience counseling individuals experiencing trauma (including sexual), grief/loss, PTSD, OCD, anxiety, as well as personality and mood disorders, including depression. As an immigrant, born and raised in Brazil, clients experiencing life transitions, family issues, and first generation Americans will find a safe space working with me.
(929) 734-8958 View (929) 734-8958
Photo of Nailah Wilds, Art Therapist, LCAT
Nailah Wilds
Art Therapist, LCAT
New York, NY 10019
Nailah Wilds (she/her) is a dance/movement therapist (LCAT) who received her Master’s degree from Pratt Institute. Nailah is interested in promoting body liberation for all of her clients through increasing the connection between the mind and body. As a Black therapist, she is committed to empowering all folx in marginalized bodies, especially those who identify as BIPOC and those living in fat bodies. Nailah specializes in eating disorders. Having worked extensively in PHP, IOP, & outpatient levels of care, she has a deep understanding of the many systems that can prevent people from recovery.
Nailah Wilds (she/her) is a dance/movement therapist (LCAT) who received her Master’s degree from Pratt Institute. Nailah is interested in promoting body liberation for all of her clients through increasing the connection between the mind and body. As a Black therapist, she is committed to empowering all folx in marginalized bodies, especially those who identify as BIPOC and those living in fat bodies. Nailah specializes in eating disorders. Having worked extensively in PHP, IOP, & outpatient levels of care, she has a deep understanding of the many systems that can prevent people from recovery.
(347) 765-1265 View (347) 765-1265
Photo of Kim Meijer, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, MPS
Kim Meijer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, MPS
New York, NY 10003
On the outside your world seems ok, but on the inside, you feel stuck. Accomplishing your goals does not feel as good as you thought it would. Life has not been easy for you, but one thing is for certain; right now, you want to do all you can to build a life that feels more meaningful and connective than it is right now. Sometimes you notice how lonely you feel. Though success has gotten you far, but you’re not looking for more credentials; what you’re truly seeking is to feel fulfilled, more connected and more alive. You want to lay your head on the pillow at the end of the night and feel content.
On the outside your world seems ok, but on the inside, you feel stuck. Accomplishing your goals does not feel as good as you thought it would. Life has not been easy for you, but one thing is for certain; right now, you want to do all you can to build a life that feels more meaningful and connective than it is right now. Sometimes you notice how lonely you feel. Though success has gotten you far, but you’re not looking for more credentials; what you’re truly seeking is to feel fulfilled, more connected and more alive. You want to lay your head on the pillow at the end of the night and feel content.
(929) 205-3496 View (929) 205-3496
Photo of Shari Bispham Jacob, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Shari Bispham Jacob
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Seeking therapy is the first step to healing, growth, and becoming the healthiest version of yourself; Congratulations on making this decision! Life changes, work difficulties, school stressors, relationship challenges, trauma, and interpersonal conflicts, can leave us feeling stuck, isolated, and hopeless. My goal is to provide a safe space where you will feel heard and supported! Working together using a judgement free, collaborative approach to help you to overcome your challenges, and build a tool kit with the skills you need to reach your goals, and navigate through life’s difficulties.
Seeking therapy is the first step to healing, growth, and becoming the healthiest version of yourself; Congratulations on making this decision! Life changes, work difficulties, school stressors, relationship challenges, trauma, and interpersonal conflicts, can leave us feeling stuck, isolated, and hopeless. My goal is to provide a safe space where you will feel heard and supported! Working together using a judgement free, collaborative approach to help you to overcome your challenges, and build a tool kit with the skills you need to reach your goals, and navigate through life’s difficulties.
(845) 402-2195 View (845) 402-2195
Photo of Gabi Basile, Pre-Licensed Professional
Gabi Basile
Pre-Licensed Professional
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
I warmly welcomes individuals seeking a compassionate, collaborative approach to therapy. My practice is built on the belief that every person carries an inner wisdom and the capacity for growth, even when life’s challenges feel overwhelming. I offer a safe and nonjudgmental space where clients can explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences with full authenticity. From the very first session, my focus is on creating a genuine connection—one rooted in respect, empathy, and curiosity. I understands that each person’s story is shaped by unique cultural, familial, and personal contexts, and I honor these influences.
I warmly welcomes individuals seeking a compassionate, collaborative approach to therapy. My practice is built on the belief that every person carries an inner wisdom and the capacity for growth, even when life’s challenges feel overwhelming. I offer a safe and nonjudgmental space where clients can explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences with full authenticity. From the very first session, my focus is on creating a genuine connection—one rooted in respect, empathy, and curiosity. I understands that each person’s story is shaped by unique cultural, familial, and personal contexts, and I honor these influences.
(646) 809-7627 View (646) 809-7627
Photo of Iryna Krotava, Psychologist, PhD
Iryna Krotava
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
I view psychotherapy as a deeply personal transformational process to growth regardless of where you are in life, whether in a crisis, a relationship issue, curious on who you are, or suffer a mental illness. I specialize on relationship problems, depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, sexuality, life transitions, and multicultural issues. Our therapist-patient relationship will be unique, non-judgmental, and supportive. We will build a trusting space where it will be safe and comfortable to share your experiences, feelings, and thoughts. By exploring unfulfilling aspects of your life, we can work together towards a positive change.
I view psychotherapy as a deeply personal transformational process to growth regardless of where you are in life, whether in a crisis, a relationship issue, curious on who you are, or suffer a mental illness. I specialize on relationship problems, depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, sexuality, life transitions, and multicultural issues. Our therapist-patient relationship will be unique, non-judgmental, and supportive. We will build a trusting space where it will be safe and comfortable to share your experiences, feelings, and thoughts. By exploring unfulfilling aspects of your life, we can work together towards a positive change.
(551) 261-4051 View (551) 261-4051
Photo of Erica Silberstein, Psychologist, PsyD
Erica Silberstein
Psychologist, PsyD
5 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you find yourself stuck in patterns of procrastination and perfectionism, or at the mercy to your own self critic? Does it feel like you get caught up in moving away from negative experiences instead of moving towards meaningful ones? I am committed to helping my clients face the obstacles that get in the way of leading rich, meaningful lives. As a clinical psychologist, I specialize in treating anxiety-related issues including generalized anxiety, OCD, panic, social anxiety, and phobias. I also help my patients develop effective tools to manage stress, procrastination, perfectionism, problematic eating.
Do you find yourself stuck in patterns of procrastination and perfectionism, or at the mercy to your own self critic? Does it feel like you get caught up in moving away from negative experiences instead of moving towards meaningful ones? I am committed to helping my clients face the obstacles that get in the way of leading rich, meaningful lives. As a clinical psychologist, I specialize in treating anxiety-related issues including generalized anxiety, OCD, panic, social anxiety, and phobias. I also help my patients develop effective tools to manage stress, procrastination, perfectionism, problematic eating.
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Photo of Nikki Kleitzel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Nikki Kleitzel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Welcome to my page! I am a 2nd generation therapist who works with adult professionals of all ages who may be struggling with anxiety, depression, transitional issues, and relationship/family issues. I also have extensive experience working with adults suffering from acute and chronic illness, as well as helping individuals navigate death and process grief/bereavement.
Welcome to my page! I am a 2nd generation therapist who works with adult professionals of all ages who may be struggling with anxiety, depression, transitional issues, and relationship/family issues. I also have extensive experience working with adults suffering from acute and chronic illness, as well as helping individuals navigate death and process grief/bereavement.
(718) 550-4601 View (718) 550-4601
Photo of Claire Poneman, Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Claire Poneman
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10019
I specialize in eating disorders, body image concerns, relationship issues, and life transitions. Many of my clients come to therapy feeling stuck in conflict with themselves—over their relationships, their bodies, or changes in their lives that feel overwhelming. You might notice familiar cycles of guilt, shame, criticism, or doubt, especially when you need support most. Therapy can offer space to understand why those patterns show up and help you feel freer in your choices.
I specialize in eating disorders, body image concerns, relationship issues, and life transitions. Many of my clients come to therapy feeling stuck in conflict with themselves—over their relationships, their bodies, or changes in their lives that feel overwhelming. You might notice familiar cycles of guilt, shame, criticism, or doubt, especially when you need support most. Therapy can offer space to understand why those patterns show up and help you feel freer in your choices.
(914) 353-4456 View (914) 353-4456
Photo of Christen Joseph - Christen Joseph, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Christen Joseph
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
New York, NY 10027
Are you trying to understand a loved one’s emotions—or wishing you could make better sense of your own? Do your relationships feel strained? Do your emotions sometimes spill over, leaving you overwhelmed or exhausted? Many of us carry narratives from negative self-talk, cultural expectations, and family patterns that echo through our daily lives. These stories shape how we see ourselves, how we relate to others. As a Black male therapist and dyslexic learner, I understand the impact of identity, difference, and resilience. These experiences shape the way I show up—with patience, authenticity, and deep respect for your challenges.
Are you trying to understand a loved one’s emotions—or wishing you could make better sense of your own? Do your relationships feel strained? Do your emotions sometimes spill over, leaving you overwhelmed or exhausted? Many of us carry narratives from negative self-talk, cultural expectations, and family patterns that echo through our daily lives. These stories shape how we see ourselves, how we relate to others. As a Black male therapist and dyslexic learner, I understand the impact of identity, difference, and resilience. These experiences shape the way I show up—with patience, authenticity, and deep respect for your challenges.
(929) 493-4748 View (929) 493-4748
Photo of Dr. Yvette Branson - Yvette Branson, PhD, Psychologist, PhD, MEd, MM
Yvette Branson, PhD
Psychologist, PhD, MEd, MM
Online Only
I listen deeply and without judgment as you strive to more fully become the person you wish to be. During therapy, we will recognize and build on your strengths, honing them to help you become more confident in dealing with the difficulties of daily life. Together, we can explore your emotional unease and, when relevant, its connection to your physical health. Coping with anger, disappointment, loss, loneliness, trauma or other challenges will be part of the unfolding process of development and change.
I listen deeply and without judgment as you strive to more fully become the person you wish to be. During therapy, we will recognize and build on your strengths, honing them to help you become more confident in dealing with the difficulties of daily life. Together, we can explore your emotional unease and, when relevant, its connection to your physical health. Coping with anger, disappointment, loss, loneliness, trauma or other challenges will be part of the unfolding process of development and change.
(646) 762-9378 View (646) 762-9378
Photo of Randye Zerman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Randye Zerman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
If you are thinking about finding a therapist, you may be feeling stuck and alone, overwhelmed with life stressors and unable to move forward. For over 30 years, I have effectively helped individuals to feel happier and more fulfilled personally, socially and professionally.
If you are thinking about finding a therapist, you may be feeling stuck and alone, overwhelmed with life stressors and unable to move forward. For over 30 years, I have effectively helped individuals to feel happier and more fulfilled personally, socially and professionally.
(914) 618-5067 View (914) 618-5067
Photo of Taima Elliott - TaimaCounsels LCSW, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
TaimaCounsels LCSW, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
New York, NY 10036
I’m a Brooklyn native and a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I am deeply committed to providing compassionate care and support to individuals facing diverse challenges. My journey in the field of social work began over a decade ago, initially supporting adjudicated youth with phase of life transitions to now providing individual counseling for young/middle age adults. Throughout my career, I have witnessed how transformative individual counseling can be, when rooted in empathy and understanding. Thus, I am driven to create a safe and nurturing space for individuals to navigate their emotions, find heightened awareness and
I’m a Brooklyn native and a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I am deeply committed to providing compassionate care and support to individuals facing diverse challenges. My journey in the field of social work began over a decade ago, initially supporting adjudicated youth with phase of life transitions to now providing individual counseling for young/middle age adults. Throughout my career, I have witnessed how transformative individual counseling can be, when rooted in empathy and understanding. Thus, I am driven to create a safe and nurturing space for individuals to navigate their emotions, find heightened awareness and
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
64% Cigna and Evernorth
56% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.