Therapists in New York County, NY

Photo of Josh Levine, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Josh Levine
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome! It isn’t always easy deciding to see a therapist, but I’m glad you made it to my page. Whether you’re dealing with acute symptoms or long-standing issues, I am here to provide a safe and empathetic therapeutic environment. I view the therapeutic relationship as a shared experience, and my goals are to help you meet your goals. I’m a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) specializing in the treatment of depression, anxiety, trauma, substance abuse, and issues related to performance or perfectionism. I graduated from Columbia University, and I am currently serving as a program coordinator at a leading NYC medical center.
Welcome! It isn’t always easy deciding to see a therapist, but I’m glad you made it to my page. Whether you’re dealing with acute symptoms or long-standing issues, I am here to provide a safe and empathetic therapeutic environment. I view the therapeutic relationship as a shared experience, and my goals are to help you meet your goals. I’m a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) specializing in the treatment of depression, anxiety, trauma, substance abuse, and issues related to performance or perfectionism. I graduated from Columbia University, and I am currently serving as a program coordinator at a leading NYC medical center.
(646) 687-2876 View (646) 687-2876
Photo of Sarah Alvi, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Sarah Alvi
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10019
I often treat adolescents and adults suffering from anxiety, depression, and trauma, as well as couples and families grappling with interpersonal struggles. Extensive training and experience in trauma-focused therapy allows me to help clients process and heal from painful experiences, and has shown me how profoundly life experience can shape one's view of themselves and their world. For those suffering from anxiety, depression, or relationship concerns, I find that I work best with those who prefer an engaging, solution-focused approach.
I often treat adolescents and adults suffering from anxiety, depression, and trauma, as well as couples and families grappling with interpersonal struggles. Extensive training and experience in trauma-focused therapy allows me to help clients process and heal from painful experiences, and has shown me how profoundly life experience can shape one's view of themselves and their world. For those suffering from anxiety, depression, or relationship concerns, I find that I work best with those who prefer an engaging, solution-focused approach.
(631) 557-0660 View (631) 557-0660
Photo of Rafelina Baez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rafelina Baez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 9 years of experience in providing compassionate, client-centered therapy, I help individuals navigate life’s challenges by creating a safe, non-judgmental space for growth and healing. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship difficulties, or simply need support during a life transition, I am here to work alongside you to develop the tools necessary for meaningful change.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 9 years of experience in providing compassionate, client-centered therapy, I help individuals navigate life’s challenges by creating a safe, non-judgmental space for growth and healing. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship difficulties, or simply need support during a life transition, I am here to work alongside you to develop the tools necessary for meaningful change.
(646) 982-3946 View (646) 982-3946
Photo of Yael Sadan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Yael Sadan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
The decision to enter therapy is courageous and important. Removing obstacles (such as anxiety and depression) that prevent well being and overall happiness, creating and enhancing relational experiences, coping with trauma, grief and loss or reaching professional goals are worthy and healthy desires. Whatever the precipitant to ones decision, we all have a need to be respected, heard, understood, and to feel safe, cared for and truly "gotten". It is both my belief and years of experience that tells me these conditions are necessary for long lasting, transformational change to occur. Together, we will actively work on helping you achieve your therapeutic goals
The decision to enter therapy is courageous and important. Removing obstacles (such as anxiety and depression) that prevent well being and overall happiness, creating and enhancing relational experiences, coping with trauma, grief and loss or reaching professional goals are worthy and healthy desires. Whatever the precipitant to ones decision, we all have a need to be respected, heard, understood, and to feel safe, cared for and truly "gotten". It is both my belief and years of experience that tells me these conditions are necessary for long lasting, transformational change to occur. Together, we will actively work on helping you achieve your therapeutic goals
(646) 448-8995 View (646) 448-8995
Photo of Christian Lozano, Psychologist, PsyD
Christian Lozano
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
Hello, I am a licensed clinical psychologist who offers in-person sessions as well as Telehealth services to adults who reside in New York. I also offer online sessions to clients who live in California. I specialize in working with clients who experience depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD and stress. In my practice, I strive to create a warm, trusting and supportive environment, which I believe is essential to the healing process. I work collaboratively with clients to address their emotional distress and help them achieve self-growth and the changes they are looking for. Bilingual therapy is provided in English and Spanish.
Hello, I am a licensed clinical psychologist who offers in-person sessions as well as Telehealth services to adults who reside in New York. I also offer online sessions to clients who live in California. I specialize in working with clients who experience depression, anxiety, trauma, PTSD and stress. In my practice, I strive to create a warm, trusting and supportive environment, which I believe is essential to the healing process. I work collaboratively with clients to address their emotional distress and help them achieve self-growth and the changes they are looking for. Bilingual therapy is provided in English and Spanish.
(332) 230-9253 View (332) 230-9253
Photo of Melissa Gottlieb, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MS
Melissa Gottlieb
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
As a native New Yorker, I understand how overwhelming the pressure to succeed can be. I work with adults, couples & families who want to see real changes. My experience includes working in a mental health clinic, on a forensic ACT team, as a geriatric care manager for high net-worth elderly individuals & their caregivers, counseling survivors of sexual assault, families interfacing with the foster care system & adults in the criminal justice system. Whatever your current struggle is, I focus on “progress, not perfection.” I’ll hold you accountable, always treating you with respect, sensitivity, honesty and compassion.
As a native New Yorker, I understand how overwhelming the pressure to succeed can be. I work with adults, couples & families who want to see real changes. My experience includes working in a mental health clinic, on a forensic ACT team, as a geriatric care manager for high net-worth elderly individuals & their caregivers, counseling survivors of sexual assault, families interfacing with the foster care system & adults in the criminal justice system. Whatever your current struggle is, I focus on “progress, not perfection.” I’ll hold you accountable, always treating you with respect, sensitivity, honesty and compassion.
(332) 242-4955 View (332) 242-4955
Photo of Yuanjing Wang, MHC-LP
Yuanjing Wang
MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I’m here to support you through a variety of challenges, from mood disturbances and trauma to the stresses of cultural adjustment and identity conflicts. My approach is centered on understanding and adapting to your unique needs, creating a safe space for exploration and growth. I believe therapy is a transformative journey that not only helps you overcome immediate struggles but also empowers you to lead a more fulfilling and balanced life. Together, we’ll equip you with the tools to navigate future challenges and embrace your true potential.
I’m here to support you through a variety of challenges, from mood disturbances and trauma to the stresses of cultural adjustment and identity conflicts. My approach is centered on understanding and adapting to your unique needs, creating a safe space for exploration and growth. I believe therapy is a transformative journey that not only helps you overcome immediate struggles but also empowers you to lead a more fulfilling and balanced life. Together, we’ll equip you with the tools to navigate future challenges and embrace your true potential.
(332) 286-1821 View (332) 286-1821
Photo of Marcus Hamel, Counselor, LMHC
Marcus Hamel
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I’m here to empower you to reach your full potential, whether it's tackling depression, developing healthier relationships, or confronting your fears such as performing on stage or making friends at a social event. My approach is all about real, actionable results. Together, we'll create a plan that’s tailored to your needs, ensuring that you feel understood and supported every step of the way. I believe in creating a space where you can be your true self and take bold steps toward the life you want. If you're ready to invest in yourself and make meaningful changes, I’m here to guide you.
I’m here to empower you to reach your full potential, whether it's tackling depression, developing healthier relationships, or confronting your fears such as performing on stage or making friends at a social event. My approach is all about real, actionable results. Together, we'll create a plan that’s tailored to your needs, ensuring that you feel understood and supported every step of the way. I believe in creating a space where you can be your true self and take bold steps toward the life you want. If you're ready to invest in yourself and make meaningful changes, I’m here to guide you.
(646) 760-7844 View (646) 760-7844
Photo of Ifat Knaan-Kostman, Psychologist, PhD
Ifat Knaan-Kostman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10012
I believe that therapy can not only alleviate specific hardships or teach more compassionate self-care, but that therapy can be emotionally transformative. I practice this belief with rigor, I believe my role is to provide a supportive, yet challenging environment that fosters emotional well-being, new insights, and change. I am an active participant in the therapy session. Together we will be able to set therapeutic goals and follow a clear path to achieve them. I hold emotions and affect in the highest regard and pay particular attention to non-verbal communications.
I believe that therapy can not only alleviate specific hardships or teach more compassionate self-care, but that therapy can be emotionally transformative. I practice this belief with rigor, I believe my role is to provide a supportive, yet challenging environment that fosters emotional well-being, new insights, and change. I am an active participant in the therapy session. Together we will be able to set therapeutic goals and follow a clear path to achieve them. I hold emotions and affect in the highest regard and pay particular attention to non-verbal communications.
(917) 934-3977 View (917) 934-3977
Photo of Heather Britton-Schrager, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Heather Britton-Schrager
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am licensed in New York with 17 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, relationship issues, family conflicts, & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence. I have extensive experience with brain injury.
I am licensed in New York with 17 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, relationship issues, family conflicts, & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence. I have extensive experience with brain injury.
(646) 956-3259 View (646) 956-3259
Photo of Sidney Diamond, Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-LP
Sidney Diamond
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Imagine a space where it’s all about you- your thoughts, your feelings, your story. Whether you need a place to process, vent, or just be, therapy is your time to show up exactly as you are. Exploring relationships with yourself and others, building emotional awareness, and navigating complexities of life will help you move through the world with more confidence, clarity, and ease. Through helping children, teens and adults, specializing in anxiety, relationship challenges, complex family dynamics, job stress, OCD, neurodivergence, and childhood trauma, we create space for healing, growth and lasting change.
Imagine a space where it’s all about you- your thoughts, your feelings, your story. Whether you need a place to process, vent, or just be, therapy is your time to show up exactly as you are. Exploring relationships with yourself and others, building emotional awareness, and navigating complexities of life will help you move through the world with more confidence, clarity, and ease. Through helping children, teens and adults, specializing in anxiety, relationship challenges, complex family dynamics, job stress, OCD, neurodivergence, and childhood trauma, we create space for healing, growth and lasting change.
(646) 704-0564 View (646) 704-0564
Photo of Kenneth Meyer, Psychologist, PhD
Kenneth Meyer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
If you are looking for an experienced holistic practitioner—a therapist's therapist—you have found one. My approach is present-centered, relational, and collaborative, informed by understandings from humanistic therapies as well as from spiritual and meditative traditions. My approach is highly interactive and incorporates methods from Gestalt, Hakomi, and Buddhist practices. I have over 40 years of experience in both experiential psychotherapy and training other therapists in these methods.
If you are looking for an experienced holistic practitioner—a therapist's therapist—you have found one. My approach is present-centered, relational, and collaborative, informed by understandings from humanistic therapies as well as from spiritual and meditative traditions. My approach is highly interactive and incorporates methods from Gestalt, Hakomi, and Buddhist practices. I have over 40 years of experience in both experiential psychotherapy and training other therapists in these methods.
(646) 718-5655 View (646) 718-5655
Photo of Dr. Celena S. Chong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, DSW
Dr. Celena S. Chong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, DSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Therapy offers a supportive and safe space for self-discovery, meaningful conversations, and learning new ways to navigate life’s challenges. Taking this step is an act of courage and a powerful move toward a happier, more fulfilling life. Together, we’ll dive deep into understanding your thoughts and behaviors to uncover patterns and gain clarity. I’ll help you harness your inner strengths to grow, adapt, and thrive, even in the face of difficulties. We’ll work collaboratively to resolve internal conflicts and identify practical solutions that align with your goals.
Therapy offers a supportive and safe space for self-discovery, meaningful conversations, and learning new ways to navigate life’s challenges. Taking this step is an act of courage and a powerful move toward a happier, more fulfilling life. Together, we’ll dive deep into understanding your thoughts and behaviors to uncover patterns and gain clarity. I’ll help you harness your inner strengths to grow, adapt, and thrive, even in the face of difficulties. We’ll work collaboratively to resolve internal conflicts and identify practical solutions that align with your goals.
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Photo of Wanda Hammond, LMHC -D, CASAC, MC
Wanda Hammond
LMHC -D, CASAC, MC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
Have you been experiencing emotional pain that has left you feeling as though you were having surgery without having anesthesia? Congratulations on taking the first step in making a decision to eliminating your pain, and deciding to live your best life. I believe that it takes tremendous courage to want to change one's life for the better. I am able to provide a nonjudgmental supportive environment where clients can feel safe in sharing their thoughts and feelings. Also I have created a space where clients can explore their goals and discuss the actions they will take in order to live their lives to the fullest.
Have you been experiencing emotional pain that has left you feeling as though you were having surgery without having anesthesia? Congratulations on taking the first step in making a decision to eliminating your pain, and deciding to live your best life. I believe that it takes tremendous courage to want to change one's life for the better. I am able to provide a nonjudgmental supportive environment where clients can feel safe in sharing their thoughts and feelings. Also I have created a space where clients can explore their goals and discuss the actions they will take in order to live their lives to the fullest.
(646) 679-2777 View (646) 679-2777
Photo of Karen Noyes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Karen Noyes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed clinical social worker who uses a warm, inviting, and nonjudgmental approach to help adults explore, understand, and make changes in difficult circumstances. I am trained in evidence-based modalities as well as relational therapy, allowing me to better help my clients. Whether you are feeling shaken by a major change or loss in your life, long term feelings of loneliness, or feel overwhelmed by your worries or your relationships, I've seen talk therapy help people feel more grounded, certain of themselves, and better able to manage their emotions.
I am a licensed clinical social worker who uses a warm, inviting, and nonjudgmental approach to help adults explore, understand, and make changes in difficult circumstances. I am trained in evidence-based modalities as well as relational therapy, allowing me to better help my clients. Whether you are feeling shaken by a major change or loss in your life, long term feelings of loneliness, or feel overwhelmed by your worries or your relationships, I've seen talk therapy help people feel more grounded, certain of themselves, and better able to manage their emotions.
(347) 997-8827 View (347) 997-8827
Photo of Dr. Deb Berman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DMin, LCSW
Dr. Deb Berman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DMin, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Let's connect! I’m Dr. Deb, DMin, LCSW—here to offer actionable solutions for individuals and relationships using a combination of CBT, IFS, Buddhist Psychology, and coaching. Whether you want to focus on stress, anxiety, sadness, emotional pain, trauma, past or present narcissistic abuse, relationship goals, communication skills, work and career, parenting, sex, sexuality, gender, grief, ADHD, life transitions, addictions and much more, I’ll help you untangle life’s complexities and move toward greater balance, and real healing.
Let's connect! I’m Dr. Deb, DMin, LCSW—here to offer actionable solutions for individuals and relationships using a combination of CBT, IFS, Buddhist Psychology, and coaching. Whether you want to focus on stress, anxiety, sadness, emotional pain, trauma, past or present narcissistic abuse, relationship goals, communication skills, work and career, parenting, sex, sexuality, gender, grief, ADHD, life transitions, addictions and much more, I’ll help you untangle life’s complexities and move toward greater balance, and real healing.
(917) 525-2256 View (917) 525-2256
Photo of Dixie Soghoian, Counselor, LMHC
Dixie Soghoian
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010
I earned my master's degree in Mental Health Counseling in 2021, and have since worked with children, adolescents, adults, couples and families. I've had success treating anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship issues and trauma. I work with my clients to promote deeper understanding, acceptance, agency and, ultimately, a path forward that is authentic and self-determined.
I earned my master's degree in Mental Health Counseling in 2021, and have since worked with children, adolescents, adults, couples and families. I've had success treating anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship issues and trauma. I work with my clients to promote deeper understanding, acceptance, agency and, ultimately, a path forward that is authentic and self-determined.
(929) 398-2001 View (929) 398-2001
Photo of Sophia Cheng, Counselor, LMHC, MSEd
Sophia Cheng
Counselor, LMHC, MSEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi there, I am a trilingual Taiwanese American therapist based in New York with experience working with adult clients from diverse backgrounds including AAPI, BIPOC, LGBTQ+, and substance use populations. My experience covers grief, relational challenges, addiction, anxiety, depression, complex trauma, Asian American and queer identity. Together we will explore how the past informs your present and relationships, practice new ways of being, and foster more self-awareness through compassionate curiosity and presence.
Hi there, I am a trilingual Taiwanese American therapist based in New York with experience working with adult clients from diverse backgrounds including AAPI, BIPOC, LGBTQ+, and substance use populations. My experience covers grief, relational challenges, addiction, anxiety, depression, complex trauma, Asian American and queer identity. Together we will explore how the past informs your present and relationships, practice new ways of being, and foster more self-awareness through compassionate curiosity and presence.
(929) 547-9906 View (929) 547-9906
Photo of Arielle Singman, Pre-Licensed Professional
Arielle Singman
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010
Many of us reach a point where something feels off, you may not know exactly why, or maybe you recognize you’re struggling but feel unsure about how to move forward. My goal is to offer a supportive, nonjudgmental space where your lived experiences are explored with curiosity and compassion. My approach is humanistic and collaborative at its core. I draw from person-centered therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), relational work, and a strengths-based perspective to support your personal growth. I also value the mind-body connection and integrate tools that promote sustainable well-being.
Many of us reach a point where something feels off, you may not know exactly why, or maybe you recognize you’re struggling but feel unsure about how to move forward. My goal is to offer a supportive, nonjudgmental space where your lived experiences are explored with curiosity and compassion. My approach is humanistic and collaborative at its core. I draw from person-centered therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), relational work, and a strengths-based perspective to support your personal growth. I also value the mind-body connection and integrate tools that promote sustainable well-being.
(929) 460-9005 View (929) 460-9005
Photo of Nina Dreyfus, LMSW
Nina Dreyfus
LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
I believe that every person possesses the inner strength and resilience needed to create a more fulfilling life. My role is to support you in identifying your unique goals and to guide you through transformation in a collaborative and trusting environment. I work with individuals and couples navigating life transitions, relationship challenges, anxiety, panic, and depression. I also specialize in supporting those with ADD, ADHD, OCD, and other neurodivergent experiences.
I believe that every person possesses the inner strength and resilience needed to create a more fulfilling life. My role is to support you in identifying your unique goals and to guide you through transformation in a collaborative and trusting environment. I work with individuals and couples navigating life transitions, relationship challenges, anxiety, panic, and depression. I also specialize in supporting those with ADD, ADHD, OCD, and other neurodivergent experiences.
(332) 264-1168 View (332) 264-1168
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See more therapy options for New York County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York County, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York County, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
66% Cigna and Evernorth
61% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in New York County, NY see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.