Therapists in Brooklyn, NY

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Photo of Lesley Alderman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lesley Alderman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11242
We all have the potential to change and grow into a better, more satisfied version of ourselves. My goal is to help you identify how you want to live and the blocks that are preventing you from getting there. My approach is interactive: I create a judgment-free zone in which you can explore the issues that are causing you stress, unhappiness or frustration.
We all have the potential to change and grow into a better, more satisfied version of ourselves. My goal is to help you identify how you want to live and the blocks that are preventing you from getting there. My approach is interactive: I create a judgment-free zone in which you can explore the issues that are causing you stress, unhappiness or frustration.
(347) 427-5631 View (347) 427-5631
Photo of Sanam T Sadeghi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Sanam T Sadeghi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a first generation Iranian woman living in diaspora, which has given me thoughtful insight into the challenges of connecting to cultural identity; having come from an immigrant family has opened up my ability to connect with a broader demographic. As a writer and musician, I have a particular knowledge and understanding of other creatives, bringing a further empathetic perspective to our sessions. I am sex and body positive, and have an expansive view of sexuality, gender and relationships. My goal is to build a space where my clients can feel free to be totally themselves without fear of judgment or shame.
I am a first generation Iranian woman living in diaspora, which has given me thoughtful insight into the challenges of connecting to cultural identity; having come from an immigrant family has opened up my ability to connect with a broader demographic. As a writer and musician, I have a particular knowledge and understanding of other creatives, bringing a further empathetic perspective to our sessions. I am sex and body positive, and have an expansive view of sexuality, gender and relationships. My goal is to build a space where my clients can feel free to be totally themselves without fear of judgment or shame.
(929) 368-5789 View (929) 368-5789
Photo of Berdetta Plaxico, Counselor, LMHC
Berdetta Plaxico
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Berdetta Plaxico is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with a demonstrated history working in child welfare, adult outpatient psychiatry, and with justice-involved youth. Skilled in providing therapeutic services to children, adolescents, and adults. Therapy is really about whatever the client needs such as a one-time conversation, temporary source of support during a life transition, ongoing support to optimize one’s overall health or help with managing anxiety and depression.
Berdetta Plaxico is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with a demonstrated history working in child welfare, adult outpatient psychiatry, and with justice-involved youth. Skilled in providing therapeutic services to children, adolescents, and adults. Therapy is really about whatever the client needs such as a one-time conversation, temporary source of support during a life transition, ongoing support to optimize one’s overall health or help with managing anxiety and depression.
(718) 285-9389 View (718) 285-9389
Photo of Leslie Butler, Counselor, MA, LMHC, LCMHC
Leslie Butler
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I support clients by helping them create and sustain a life full of hope, passion, and meaning. I offer a variety of approaches to therapy and help those who are struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, relationship issues, dating, family, and issues that affect women. I use psychoeducation on neurobiology, teach practical skills to address specific symptoms, and employ non-judgmental talk therapy and mindfulness. I believe we can all find peace and it has been my journey in learning this that has led me to help others.
I support clients by helping them create and sustain a life full of hope, passion, and meaning. I offer a variety of approaches to therapy and help those who are struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, relationship issues, dating, family, and issues that affect women. I use psychoeducation on neurobiology, teach practical skills to address specific symptoms, and employ non-judgmental talk therapy and mindfulness. I believe we can all find peace and it has been my journey in learning this that has led me to help others.
(332) 239-7758 View (332) 239-7758
Photo of Alora Kelley, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Alora Kelley
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I see therapy as a journey that you have control over. My goal as your therapist is to provide guidance and support across this journey in a collaborative and open way. My training is primarily in behavior based therapies, which is psychobabble for helping you build skills and awareness to create meaningful change in your life. I approach my sessions with clients following your lead first and meeting you where you are along your journey. While therapy can be challenging and taking the first step is never easy, I hope to provide a safe, warm and sometimes fun environment for you to meet your goals. You can create the change you want.
I see therapy as a journey that you have control over. My goal as your therapist is to provide guidance and support across this journey in a collaborative and open way. My training is primarily in behavior based therapies, which is psychobabble for helping you build skills and awareness to create meaningful change in your life. I approach my sessions with clients following your lead first and meeting you where you are along your journey. While therapy can be challenging and taking the first step is never easy, I hope to provide a safe, warm and sometimes fun environment for you to meet your goals. You can create the change you want.
(347) 492-1417 View (347) 492-1417
Photo of Rachel Christensen, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MHC-LP
Rachel Christensen
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am committed to creating a safe and nonjudgmental space for clients to cultivate their inner strengths and feel more empowered in their lives. Whether you are navigating life changes, looking to improve your relationship with yourself and others, or processing challenges from the past, I am here to listen and support you with empathy, unconditional positive regard, and authenticity. I have experience working with adults of all ages in the areas of anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, identity development, life transitions, LGBTQIA+, multicultural issues, and career development.
I am committed to creating a safe and nonjudgmental space for clients to cultivate their inner strengths and feel more empowered in their lives. Whether you are navigating life changes, looking to improve your relationship with yourself and others, or processing challenges from the past, I am here to listen and support you with empathy, unconditional positive regard, and authenticity. I have experience working with adults of all ages in the areas of anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, identity development, life transitions, LGBTQIA+, multicultural issues, and career development.
(929) 512-7203 View (929) 512-7203
Photo of Lauren Dobbs, Psychologist, PhD
Lauren Dobbs
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11212
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
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Photo of Bridget O'Shea Bernstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Bridget O'Shea Bernstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11238
I am committed to creating a soft, genuine, relational space for my clients to get to know their inner systems. I have a graduate degree in Social Work, and I am trained in Internal Family Systems (IFS). I have been engaged with the IFS model for over nine years, and it is the primary model I use for psychotherapeutic work. I have assisted as a staff member on three Level 1 IFS trainings, helping other therapists and practitioners learn the model.
I am committed to creating a soft, genuine, relational space for my clients to get to know their inner systems. I have a graduate degree in Social Work, and I am trained in Internal Family Systems (IFS). I have been engaged with the IFS model for over nine years, and it is the primary model I use for psychotherapeutic work. I have assisted as a staff member on three Level 1 IFS trainings, helping other therapists and practitioners learn the model.
(929) 419-4486 View (929) 419-4486
Photo of Dr. Paula Sands, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Paula Sands
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am not currently taking new clients. Are you struggling with anxiety & depression? Feeling stuck? Have relationships in your life that you need to talk through? Are things just not feeling "right?"
I am not currently taking new clients. Are you struggling with anxiety & depression? Feeling stuck? Have relationships in your life that you need to talk through? Are things just not feeling "right?"
(347) 286-4892 View (347) 286-4892
Photo of Meg Hudon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Meg Hudon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11242
The demands of modern life pull children, teens and parents in so many different directions and parents are feeling more pressure than ever to get it right. But what if there is no definitive right way to parent? What if you tell yourself, “I’m a good parent even though my child is struggling right now”? You are a good parent, your child is a good kid, and everyone requires a little extra help sometimes. That's where I come in. I have 10 years of experience providing that extra help to kids and parents who struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, and socioemotional or behavioral challenges.
The demands of modern life pull children, teens and parents in so many different directions and parents are feeling more pressure than ever to get it right. But what if there is no definitive right way to parent? What if you tell yourself, “I’m a good parent even though my child is struggling right now”? You are a good parent, your child is a good kid, and everyone requires a little extra help sometimes. That's where I come in. I have 10 years of experience providing that extra help to kids and parents who struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, and socioemotional or behavioral challenges.
(332) 400-3973 View (332) 400-3973
Photo of Allison K Lopez-Galtman - Compassionate Psychotherapy Services, LCSW Pllc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Compassionate Psychotherapy Services, LCSW Pllc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11201
Are you having challenges in life transitions or managing stress? Are you experiencing a chronic medical condition and need support? Are you concerned about your child’s changes in mood, changes in academic performance or having difficulty at school or at home? I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20+ years of experience. I have worked with children, adolescents and adults of diverse populations providing psychotherapy services.
Are you having challenges in life transitions or managing stress? Are you experiencing a chronic medical condition and need support? Are you concerned about your child’s changes in mood, changes in academic performance or having difficulty at school or at home? I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20+ years of experience. I have worked with children, adolescents and adults of diverse populations providing psychotherapy services.
(718) 790-4533 View (718) 790-4533
Photo of Evie Ravinett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Evie Ravinett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Navigating major life transitions can be challenging, and it's completely normal to feel like you've lost all or a part of yourself. Whether you're adjusting to parenthood, a new career, or any significant change, you might find yourself missing the spontaneity or routines you once had. It's common to experience a range of emotions, from joy and excitement to frustration and anger, feeling like something has shifted or been taken away. These feelings can often be accompanied by guilt or confusion. Balancing your own needs with those of others, or with the demands of a new situation, can be incredibly challenging.
Navigating major life transitions can be challenging, and it's completely normal to feel like you've lost all or a part of yourself. Whether you're adjusting to parenthood, a new career, or any significant change, you might find yourself missing the spontaneity or routines you once had. It's common to experience a range of emotions, from joy and excitement to frustration and anger, feeling like something has shifted or been taken away. These feelings can often be accompanied by guilt or confusion. Balancing your own needs with those of others, or with the demands of a new situation, can be incredibly challenging.
(718) 427-9938 View (718) 427-9938
Photo of Anna J Klinger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Anna J Klinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Change can be intimidating. We develop methods of coping that, at one time, perhaps helped to survive, but now prevent us from ultimately thriving. This can manifest in our relationship patterns and our mood, causing disruption in work, love, family, friendships and a healthy identity. My approach to therapy is rooted in helping clients develop a deeper understanding of these patterns and effecting change and empowerment through insight, support, and challenging maladaptive beliefs.
Change can be intimidating. We develop methods of coping that, at one time, perhaps helped to survive, but now prevent us from ultimately thriving. This can manifest in our relationship patterns and our mood, causing disruption in work, love, family, friendships and a healthy identity. My approach to therapy is rooted in helping clients develop a deeper understanding of these patterns and effecting change and empowerment through insight, support, and challenging maladaptive beliefs.
(646) 762-4116 View (646) 762-4116
Photo of Donna Simons - Donna Simons - NOCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Donna Simons - NOCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Inspired by my own experiences, I pursued higher education and embarked on a career in psychology, fulfilling my dream of becoming a therapist. Treating OCD can be particularly challenging as it impacts vocational plans, relationships, and confidence. However, it's incredibly rewarding to help individuals show the courage and determination to face their demons—clinically known as obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors—and reclaim their lives. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment for OCD. Our deep understanding of its nuances allows us to properly diagnose and treat it.
Inspired by my own experiences, I pursued higher education and embarked on a career in psychology, fulfilling my dream of becoming a therapist. Treating OCD can be particularly challenging as it impacts vocational plans, relationships, and confidence. However, it's incredibly rewarding to help individuals show the courage and determination to face their demons—clinically known as obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors—and reclaim their lives. At NOCD, my team and I specialize in providing evidence-based treatment for OCD. Our deep understanding of its nuances allows us to properly diagnose and treat it.
(929) 415-9531 View (929) 415-9531
Photo of James Ronald Chambers - NuSeasons Marriage and Family Therapy, PC, Marriage & Family Therapist, DMH, LMFT, ICADC, CASAC-2
NuSeasons Marriage and Family Therapy, PC
Marriage & Family Therapist, DMH, LMFT, ICADC, CASAC-2
Verified Verified
Online Only
James is a St. Joseph's University graduate with a Bachelor of Science in Community Health and Human Services, majoring in Counseling and Alcoholism and Addiction Counseling; Mercy University, Master of Science in Psychology, Master of Science from Iona University, Marriage and Family Therapy, and a Doctorate in Medical Health and Humanities, Drew University. I am an Intl. Certified Alcoholism and Drug Counselor (ICADC) and Credential Alcoholism Substance Abuse Counselor (CASAC-2) from the New York State Office of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Services; Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Individual and couples Psychotherapist.
James is a St. Joseph's University graduate with a Bachelor of Science in Community Health and Human Services, majoring in Counseling and Alcoholism and Addiction Counseling; Mercy University, Master of Science in Psychology, Master of Science from Iona University, Marriage and Family Therapy, and a Doctorate in Medical Health and Humanities, Drew University. I am an Intl. Certified Alcoholism and Drug Counselor (ICADC) and Credential Alcoholism Substance Abuse Counselor (CASAC-2) from the New York State Office of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Services; Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Individual and couples Psychotherapist.
(718) 557-9464 View (718) 557-9464
Photo of Lauree Wolin Mitchell, Psychologist, PhD
Lauree Wolin Mitchell
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11217
Hi. Call when you are ready to start to have the life that you want. Each client is treated in a way that is specific to that individual. Even though many people share similar issues the way the issues are experienced is unique to the person who is experiencing it. Anyone can have a better existence through the exploration of their inner dynamics and the purpose that the style of functioning serves. People can get what they want out of life if they allow themselves to do that. No obstacle is too big to overcome. Things can be different if you want them to be.
Hi. Call when you are ready to start to have the life that you want. Each client is treated in a way that is specific to that individual. Even though many people share similar issues the way the issues are experienced is unique to the person who is experiencing it. Anyone can have a better existence through the exploration of their inner dynamics and the purpose that the style of functioning serves. People can get what they want out of life if they allow themselves to do that. No obstacle is too big to overcome. Things can be different if you want them to be.
(718) 569-7892 View (718) 569-7892
Photo of Claire Johnson, Counselor, LMHC
Claire Johnson
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome! I know the search for a therapist can be daunting, but it is a sign of hopefulness that you are here today and ready for change! Often clients come in feeling stuck in a pattern that's no longer serving them—or maybe struggling in their careers or relationships. Imagine if you could work through some of your past experiences that may be hindering you. You can start to feel lighter, and more connected to yourself and the ones you love. Whatever is bringing you in, we will work together to build upon your strengths and work towards your goals.
Welcome! I know the search for a therapist can be daunting, but it is a sign of hopefulness that you are here today and ready for change! Often clients come in feeling stuck in a pattern that's no longer serving them—or maybe struggling in their careers or relationships. Imagine if you could work through some of your past experiences that may be hindering you. You can start to feel lighter, and more connected to yourself and the ones you love. Whatever is bringing you in, we will work together to build upon your strengths and work towards your goals.
(929) 543-5844 View (929) 543-5844
Photo of Paige Steadman, Pre-Licensed Professional
Paige Steadman
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11242
Waitlist for new clients
Have you tried therapy before, but found that it didn't quite work for you? Maybe you stayed with one therapist for too long and never saw the results you were looking for. Or maybe you found that "just talking" about your problems was not moving you toward the change you were hoping to make. If you are hungry for personal growth and willing to work at it, the breakthrough you're seeking is within reach. At Brooklyn Somatic Therapy, we integrate a mindfulness-based, experiential and somatic approach to psychotherapy.
Have you tried therapy before, but found that it didn't quite work for you? Maybe you stayed with one therapist for too long and never saw the results you were looking for. Or maybe you found that "just talking" about your problems was not moving you toward the change you were hoping to make. If you are hungry for personal growth and willing to work at it, the breakthrough you're seeking is within reach. At Brooklyn Somatic Therapy, we integrate a mindfulness-based, experiential and somatic approach to psychotherapy.
(929) 600-7935 View (929) 600-7935
Photo of Thema Bradford, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Thema Bradford
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Online Only
My amazing clients face difficult challenges such as past trauma showing up in the present, as well as anxiety, depression, late diagnoses for ADHD and autism, and struggles in their interpersonal relationships. They are looking for support to help them achieve their goals of feeling better, experiencing more joy and peace in their lives, living authentically, being in loving and connected community with others, gaining more self-awareness through personal growth.
My amazing clients face difficult challenges such as past trauma showing up in the present, as well as anxiety, depression, late diagnoses for ADHD and autism, and struggles in their interpersonal relationships. They are looking for support to help them achieve their goals of feeling better, experiencing more joy and peace in their lives, living authentically, being in loving and connected community with others, gaining more self-awareness through personal growth.
(347) 801-7007 View (347) 801-7007
Photo of Jasmine Rivera-Hackley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Jasmine Rivera-Hackley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Navigating stress and relationships can feel overwhelming, but you don't have to face it alone. I specialize in helping individuals improve communication and overcome anxiety, depression, sexual trauma, and the challenges that come from unhealthy relationships. My trauma-informed approach, grounded in CBT, DBT and mindfulness, offers holistic, personalized support. Whether you're a professional seeking work-life balance or a busy mom feeling overwhelmed, I'm here to help you prioritize self-care and build healthier connections.
Navigating stress and relationships can feel overwhelming, but you don't have to face it alone. I specialize in helping individuals improve communication and overcome anxiety, depression, sexual trauma, and the challenges that come from unhealthy relationships. My trauma-informed approach, grounded in CBT, DBT and mindfulness, offers holistic, personalized support. Whether you're a professional seeking work-life balance or a busy mom feeling overwhelmed, I'm here to help you prioritize self-care and build healthier connections.
(347) 745-7903 View (347) 745-7903
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Brooklyn, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Brooklyn, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Aetna
70% Cigna and Evernorth
59% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Brooklyn, NY see their clients

53% Online Only
47% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Brooklyn?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.