Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Angela Fazio-Landrum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Angela Fazio-Landrum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94104
Welcome to my practice. I am a licensed clinical social worker with a passion for narrative. I love to bear witness to the nuances of each individual's story, and I treasure the opportunity to help clients draw new meaning from their experiences.
Welcome to my practice. I am a licensed clinical social worker with a passion for narrative. I love to bear witness to the nuances of each individual's story, and I treasure the opportunity to help clients draw new meaning from their experiences.
(707) 368-5635 View (707) 368-5635
Photo of Carole Carrillo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Carole Carrillo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
San Francisco, CA 94115
My approach to psychotherapy is grounded in a deep respect for the strength and resilience of the human spirit. Suffering is a uniquely individual experience. You may be feeling a profound sense of loneliness, unable to relate to others or finding difficulty fitting in. Perhaps depression and anxiety are preventing you from feeling fully engaged in important relationships or your relationships unravel. You may find it difficult to be kind or patient with yourself. I work with adult individuals and couples who are seeking help with relationship/intimacy issues, depression/anxiety, low self-esteem, trauma and loss.
My approach to psychotherapy is grounded in a deep respect for the strength and resilience of the human spirit. Suffering is a uniquely individual experience. You may be feeling a profound sense of loneliness, unable to relate to others or finding difficulty fitting in. Perhaps depression and anxiety are preventing you from feeling fully engaged in important relationships or your relationships unravel. You may find it difficult to be kind or patient with yourself. I work with adult individuals and couples who are seeking help with relationship/intimacy issues, depression/anxiety, low self-esteem, trauma and loss.
(415) 801-8357 View (415) 801-8357
Photo of Emily Hurley, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Emily Hurley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Online Only
My name is Emily and I'm a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) in the state of California. I have 5 years of professional experience as an individual therapist, parent counselor, family therapist and clinical case care coordinator. I have a school counseling credential and experience working with pre-k through 12th grade students, in both public and non public schools. My expertise is in helping clients with anxiety, stress, depression, family conflict, parenting issues, motivation, self-esteem, confidence, ADHD and Autism.
My name is Emily and I'm a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) in the state of California. I have 5 years of professional experience as an individual therapist, parent counselor, family therapist and clinical case care coordinator. I have a school counseling credential and experience working with pre-k through 12th grade students, in both public and non public schools. My expertise is in helping clients with anxiety, stress, depression, family conflict, parenting issues, motivation, self-esteem, confidence, ADHD and Autism.
(415) 891-2413 View (415) 891-2413
Photo of William Gardner, Psychologist, PsyD
William Gardner
Psychologist, PsyD
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94104
Are you feeling like things aren't working out the way you want them to? Do you find that anxiety or depression are stopping you from your goals? I am a Stanford educated clinical psychologist. I provide brief, solution-focused interventions combined with an interactive and positive style in order to decrease anxiety and fear, improve your mood, and help you to make your life more effective and enjoyable. Incorporating a variety of cognitive behavioral techniques, we will work together to overcome the issues and challenges getting in the way of you living your life and achieving your goals.
Are you feeling like things aren't working out the way you want them to? Do you find that anxiety or depression are stopping you from your goals? I am a Stanford educated clinical psychologist. I provide brief, solution-focused interventions combined with an interactive and positive style in order to decrease anxiety and fear, improve your mood, and help you to make your life more effective and enjoyable. Incorporating a variety of cognitive behavioral techniques, we will work together to overcome the issues and challenges getting in the way of you living your life and achieving your goals.
(415) 878-3970 View (415) 878-3970
Photo of Katherine Meek, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Katherine Meek
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a straightforward and honest individual who challenges clients to make changes and set goals to better themselves. My approach focuses on exploring a client's experience, helping them identify problematic behavior, then work towards a solution. I utilize tools such as in-session exercises, take-home activities, and process time to create a holistic plan to improve overall wellbeing. I focus on creating a safe place that fosters openness and confidence.
I am a straightforward and honest individual who challenges clients to make changes and set goals to better themselves. My approach focuses on exploring a client's experience, helping them identify problematic behavior, then work towards a solution. I utilize tools such as in-session exercises, take-home activities, and process time to create a holistic plan to improve overall wellbeing. I focus on creating a safe place that fosters openness and confidence.
(310) 984-7265 View (310) 984-7265
Photo of Natalia Cameroni-Adams, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Natalia Cameroni-Adams
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Hi there, I'm Natalia! I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in San Francisco. I hope to bring a compassionate and "client-centered" approach to therapy for my clients. I work with adolescents and adults with a focus on anxiety, stress, and eating disorders. I also enjoy integrating psychoeducation into my sessions, providing valuable insights and resources that enable clients to develop a deeper understanding
Hi there, I'm Natalia! I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in San Francisco. I hope to bring a compassionate and "client-centered" approach to therapy for my clients. I work with adolescents and adults with a focus on anxiety, stress, and eating disorders. I also enjoy integrating psychoeducation into my sessions, providing valuable insights and resources that enable clients to develop a deeper understanding
(747) 361-0477 View (747) 361-0477
Photo of Lucille Tran, Counselor, APCC
Lucille Tran
Counselor, APCC
San Francisco, CA 94114
Do you often feel overwhelmed by anxiety, racing thoughts, or self-doubt that won’t quiet down? Maybe you find yourself stuck in cycles of rumination or OCD, unable to rest or feel fully present. These patterns often trace back to earlier life experiences and unresolved stress. Therapy can help you make sense of these responses and start building a life that feels more grounded. I use a collaborative, client-centered approach that draws from somatic and mindfulness practices to help regulate your nervous system and create a more peaceful inner world.
Do you often feel overwhelmed by anxiety, racing thoughts, or self-doubt that won’t quiet down? Maybe you find yourself stuck in cycles of rumination or OCD, unable to rest or feel fully present. These patterns often trace back to earlier life experiences and unresolved stress. Therapy can help you make sense of these responses and start building a life that feels more grounded. I use a collaborative, client-centered approach that draws from somatic and mindfulness practices to help regulate your nervous system and create a more peaceful inner world.
(628) 666-6752 View (628) 666-6752
Photo of Erin Johnson, Psychologist, LCP
Erin Johnson
Psychologist, LCP
Online Only
Taking the first step to make positive changes in your life takes courage. If you are ready to take that step, I am here to support and empower you. I specialize in working with individuals navigating life transitions, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and self-esteem. My therapy style is warm and focuses on interactive and individualized collaboration with my clients. I look forward to hearing from you when you are ready to work together! I will work with you to find the best approach to meet your individual needs.
Taking the first step to make positive changes in your life takes courage. If you are ready to take that step, I am here to support and empower you. I specialize in working with individuals navigating life transitions, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and self-esteem. My therapy style is warm and focuses on interactive and individualized collaboration with my clients. I look forward to hearing from you when you are ready to work together! I will work with you to find the best approach to meet your individual needs.
(818) 483-9086 View (818) 483-9086
Photo of Patrick Spencer Hayden, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Patrick Spencer Hayden
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94122
Patrick has a passion for supporting teenagers through the tumultuous years of adolescence. With a breadth of experience in mental health, Patrick has honed his skills in helping young people navigate the complex challenges they face, from academic stress and social pressures to family dynamics and self-esteem issues. Patrick also supports adults and families. Patrick takes a kind and careful approach with his clients with a focus on building relationships and a supportive space for growth to take place. Patrick’s professional, yet laid back approach allows clients the opportunity to get to know and connect with their therapist.
Patrick has a passion for supporting teenagers through the tumultuous years of adolescence. With a breadth of experience in mental health, Patrick has honed his skills in helping young people navigate the complex challenges they face, from academic stress and social pressures to family dynamics and self-esteem issues. Patrick also supports adults and families. Patrick takes a kind and careful approach with his clients with a focus on building relationships and a supportive space for growth to take place. Patrick’s professional, yet laid back approach allows clients the opportunity to get to know and connect with their therapist.
(415) 569-0174 View (415) 569-0174
Photo of Rodrigo M Dasilva, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rodrigo M Dasilva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I'm a therapist who graduated from NYU, licensed in New York, New Jersey, California, and Florida, and I specialize in working with LGBTQ+ individuals, couples and I also welcome all identities . My focus is on helping people navigate challenges around trauma, substance use, shame, sexuality, and relationship dynamics—especially those rooted in attachment wounds. I offer a space where you can show up just as you are, without judgment, and explore what healing and growth can look like for you. I’m trained in EMDR, Somatic Experiencing, and Internal Family Systems (IFS), which means our work can go beyond just talking.
I'm a therapist who graduated from NYU, licensed in New York, New Jersey, California, and Florida, and I specialize in working with LGBTQ+ individuals, couples and I also welcome all identities . My focus is on helping people navigate challenges around trauma, substance use, shame, sexuality, and relationship dynamics—especially those rooted in attachment wounds. I offer a space where you can show up just as you are, without judgment, and explore what healing and growth can look like for you. I’m trained in EMDR, Somatic Experiencing, and Internal Family Systems (IFS), which means our work can go beyond just talking.
(323) 970-4501 View (323) 970-4501
Photo of Kurt Wagner, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PhD
Kurt Wagner
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PhD
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
My philosophy of care is to provide compassion and support to help you achieve your goals. This is accomplished by focusing on what is important to you, where you will be listened to and heard, and for us to share an honest and accurate reflection of your experience. If you've ever felt stuck or lost, or struggle with intense emotions, or have difficulty connecting with them, therapy with me is a powerful way to find yourself again, to restore balance and hope in yourself, and to revive your innate capacity for resilience and joy.
My philosophy of care is to provide compassion and support to help you achieve your goals. This is accomplished by focusing on what is important to you, where you will be listened to and heard, and for us to share an honest and accurate reflection of your experience. If you've ever felt stuck or lost, or struggle with intense emotions, or have difficulty connecting with them, therapy with me is a powerful way to find yourself again, to restore balance and hope in yourself, and to revive your innate capacity for resilience and joy.
(415) 969-5648 View (415) 969-5648
Photo of Jessica Harvey, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Jessica Harvey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I’m a marriage and family therapist who specializes in individual therapy, with a focus on busy adult professionals. If you struggle with stress, self esteem, anxiety, relationship, career or family of origin issues I could be the therapist for you. Additionally, I have a unique background in pet grief and have been featured in the New York Times for my work in that space. Please email me to schedule a free phone consultation.
I’m a marriage and family therapist who specializes in individual therapy, with a focus on busy adult professionals. If you struggle with stress, self esteem, anxiety, relationship, career or family of origin issues I could be the therapist for you. Additionally, I have a unique background in pet grief and have been featured in the New York Times for my work in that space. Please email me to schedule a free phone consultation.
(415) 528-2044 View (415) 528-2044
Photo of Catalina Uribe-Kling, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Catalina Uribe-Kling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Online Only
I will help you find a felt sense of safety, clarity, and wellbeing within yourself. My approach blends warmth, cultural awareness, intuition and evidence-based psychotherapy to support clients in exploring their life, relationships, and inner world. Together, we will develop personalized strategies to heal your heart and mind and move toward your highest self with compassion and care. I work with English- and Spanish-speaking clients, using a multicultural lens shaped by my multicultural identity and experiences practicing therapy in multiple countries.
I will help you find a felt sense of safety, clarity, and wellbeing within yourself. My approach blends warmth, cultural awareness, intuition and evidence-based psychotherapy to support clients in exploring their life, relationships, and inner world. Together, we will develop personalized strategies to heal your heart and mind and move toward your highest self with compassion and care. I work with English- and Spanish-speaking clients, using a multicultural lens shaped by my multicultural identity and experiences practicing therapy in multiple countries.
(415) 358-0068 View (415) 358-0068
Photo of Brigit Jacoby, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Brigit Jacoby
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
San Francisco, CA 94115
Recently moved to the Westside area of Los Angeles, working locally as well as the San Fernando Valley area including Conejo Valley. From virtual visits, to in-home sessions, we will look at all parts of your life including your day-to-day, your family's dynamic and your relationships with them and your peers. Who and what you surround yourself with will determine your overall capacity and ability to be more or less aware of certain limits and edges. Each part of your life is important and deserves to be seen.
Recently moved to the Westside area of Los Angeles, working locally as well as the San Fernando Valley area including Conejo Valley. From virtual visits, to in-home sessions, we will look at all parts of your life including your day-to-day, your family's dynamic and your relationships with them and your peers. Who and what you surround yourself with will determine your overall capacity and ability to be more or less aware of certain limits and edges. Each part of your life is important and deserves to be seen.
(415) 439-0499 View (415) 439-0499
Photo of Mihaela Diamond, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Mihaela Diamond
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I am licensed in California with over 20 years of professional work experience. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and coach, I am deeply committed to empowering you to embrace your full potential and live authentically. With a passion for helping others on their journey to self-discovery, I specialize in inner-child work, nervous system regulation, and mindset transformation. My philosophy is simple, yet profound: we are alive to thrive, not just survive. It is my mission to guide you in breaking free from limiting beliefs, fears, and societal pressures so that you are free to cultivate a vibrant, authentic, and fulfilling life.
I am licensed in California with over 20 years of professional work experience. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and coach, I am deeply committed to empowering you to embrace your full potential and live authentically. With a passion for helping others on their journey to self-discovery, I specialize in inner-child work, nervous system regulation, and mindset transformation. My philosophy is simple, yet profound: we are alive to thrive, not just survive. It is my mission to guide you in breaking free from limiting beliefs, fears, and societal pressures so that you are free to cultivate a vibrant, authentic, and fulfilling life.
(424) 799-0373 View (424) 799-0373
Photo of Heather Nuss, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Heather Nuss
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
6 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
Therapy can be a space where meaningful change begins and where you’re met with curiosity, compassion, and a deep respect for your story. I’m a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who works with adults and couples navigating anxiety, grief, identity exploration, relationship challenges, and life transitions. Many of my clients are part of the LGBTQIA+ community or are seeking support in making sense of who they are in the world and how they relate to others. Whatever brings you in, my intention is to meet you with care, intention, and a genuine interest in who you are beyond your struggles.
Therapy can be a space where meaningful change begins and where you’re met with curiosity, compassion, and a deep respect for your story. I’m a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who works with adults and couples navigating anxiety, grief, identity exploration, relationship challenges, and life transitions. Many of my clients are part of the LGBTQIA+ community or are seeking support in making sense of who they are in the world and how they relate to others. Whatever brings you in, my intention is to meet you with care, intention, and a genuine interest in who you are beyond your struggles.
(415) 449-4331 View (415) 449-4331
Photo of Sydney Fisher, Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
Sydney Fisher
Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
There are times in life when you may feel stuck, lonely, or unsure of your next step—whether in a relationship, in your identity, or on your spiritual path. In those moments, therapy can be a place to reflect and discover new ways forward. I believe every person deserves a supportive therapeutic relationship to explore their inner world with curiosity and compassion. My approach is relational and psychodynamic, while also drawing from Internal Family Systems (parts work), Gestalt, somatic awareness, mindfulness, and art therapy. I tailor each session to meet your unique needs in the moment.
There are times in life when you may feel stuck, lonely, or unsure of your next step—whether in a relationship, in your identity, or on your spiritual path. In those moments, therapy can be a place to reflect and discover new ways forward. I believe every person deserves a supportive therapeutic relationship to explore their inner world with curiosity and compassion. My approach is relational and psychodynamic, while also drawing from Internal Family Systems (parts work), Gestalt, somatic awareness, mindfulness, and art therapy. I tailor each session to meet your unique needs in the moment.
(415) 862-2449 View (415) 862-2449
Photo of Bowra Faiez, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Bowra Faiez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Do you feel stuck in your personal life or your relationship? Are your thoughts of constant worry, hopelessness, uncertainty overwhelming your day-to-day journey? Have you decided it's time that you approach these feelings and emotions head-on? Therapy is a brave and powerful first step towards exploring what might be contributing to these feelings. I help address these experiences by utilizing a goal-oriented and solution-focused, cognitive-behavioral approach (CBT). I work with clients to help support them in bringing their strength in the room and allowing them to be able to get in touch with their inner self.
Do you feel stuck in your personal life or your relationship? Are your thoughts of constant worry, hopelessness, uncertainty overwhelming your day-to-day journey? Have you decided it's time that you approach these feelings and emotions head-on? Therapy is a brave and powerful first step towards exploring what might be contributing to these feelings. I help address these experiences by utilizing a goal-oriented and solution-focused, cognitive-behavioral approach (CBT). I work with clients to help support them in bringing their strength in the room and allowing them to be able to get in touch with their inner self.
(408) 459-4158 View (408) 459-4158
Photo of Chia- I Jen - join reflect, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
join reflect
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
San Francisco, CA 94103
Our ideal client is someone who knows they don’t want to keep “powering through,” but also doesn’t want to waste time (or money) cycling through therapists who aren’t the right fit. They might be navigating anxiety (racing thoughts, worry, panic), depression (low mood, numbness, fatigue), chronic stress or burnout, relationship conflict, major life transitions, grief, trauma-related symptoms, or feeling stuck in patterns they can’t explain. They may be a busy professional, a parent, a student, a caregiver, or simply someone who’s tired of carrying it alone. Many are high-functioning on the outside, but internally feel overwhelmed.
Our ideal client is someone who knows they don’t want to keep “powering through,” but also doesn’t want to waste time (or money) cycling through therapists who aren’t the right fit. They might be navigating anxiety (racing thoughts, worry, panic), depression (low mood, numbness, fatigue), chronic stress or burnout, relationship conflict, major life transitions, grief, trauma-related symptoms, or feeling stuck in patterns they can’t explain. They may be a busy professional, a parent, a student, a caregiver, or simply someone who’s tired of carrying it alone. Many are high-functioning on the outside, but internally feel overwhelmed.
(323) 894-9825 View (323) 894-9825
Photo of Laura Wald, Psychologist, PhD
Laura Wald
Psychologist, PhD
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a licensed psychologist with 20+ years of experience. My style is warm, collaborative and down to earth. Along with helping you identify patterns and stuck places, I offer new perspectives and coping skills training to help you overcome challenges and live a fulfilling life.
I am a licensed psychologist with 20+ years of experience. My style is warm, collaborative and down to earth. Along with helping you identify patterns and stuck places, I offer new perspectives and coping skills training to help you overcome challenges and live a fulfilling life.
(415) 702-0982 View (415) 702-0982

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$192

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
64% Stress
63% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
60% Cigna and Evernorth
48% Anthem

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

54% Online Only
46% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

76% Female
21% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.