Therapists in San Jose, CA

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Photo of Hamed Fatahian, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Hamed Fatahian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95117  (Online Only)
I believe if we can transform the couple’s relationships, we are not only helping them, but also helping them and their families for generations to come. Also, most of people’s toughest struggles are related to their relational issues so, as the relationship improves, the person's individual problems seem less challenging.
I believe if we can transform the couple’s relationships, we are not only helping them, but also helping them and their families for generations to come. Also, most of people’s toughest struggles are related to their relational issues so, as the relationship improves, the person's individual problems seem less challenging.
(408) 409-8526 View (408) 409-8526
Photo of Jonna Jauffret, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Jose, CA
Jonna Jauffret
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95126
If you have experienced trauma in your past, if you are struggling with important relationships in your life, or if you are struggling to adjust to life’s difficulties, you aren’t alone. Therapy may help you ease suffering you are experiencing and help you lead a more authentic life. As your therapist, my intention is to help you put your thoughts, feelings, and experiences into words and explore significant relationships in your life. Sharing your story may help you to begin to piece together a greater understanding of why you feel and act the way that you do.
If you have experienced trauma in your past, if you are struggling with important relationships in your life, or if you are struggling to adjust to life’s difficulties, you aren’t alone. Therapy may help you ease suffering you are experiencing and help you lead a more authentic life. As your therapist, my intention is to help you put your thoughts, feelings, and experiences into words and explore significant relationships in your life. Sharing your story may help you to begin to piece together a greater understanding of why you feel and act the way that you do.
(408) 418-2633 View (408) 418-2633
Photo of Cherise Stewart, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Cherise Stewart
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95125  (Online Only)
I welcome individuals and teens. I have experience with anxiety, relationships, low motivation, goal setting, and depression. I am happy to partner with you with working through issues with relationships, career, and to collaborate on finding ways to support you living your best life. I am a firm believer that we all have the strength and capability within ourselves to accomplish our goals; therapy is a way for people to discover and be encouraged in these abilities. If you would like to schedule an appointment, please send me an email!
I welcome individuals and teens. I have experience with anxiety, relationships, low motivation, goal setting, and depression. I am happy to partner with you with working through issues with relationships, career, and to collaborate on finding ways to support you living your best life. I am a firm believer that we all have the strength and capability within ourselves to accomplish our goals; therapy is a way for people to discover and be encouraged in these abilities. If you would like to schedule an appointment, please send me an email!
(408) 560-4596 View (408) 560-4596
Photo of Dr. Wesley Kobashigawa, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Dr. Wesley Kobashigawa
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95152
Healing isn't always linear. I believe it is important to honor your emotions and prioritize the things in your life that bring you joy and purpose. I use a strengths-based, holistic approach to treatment, and emphasize providing culturally congruent care that is aligned with your unique identities. I believe in creating a safe and contained space to help you live more authentically and in a way that fits with your values. In my practice I focus on serving adolescents, college and medical students, and young professionals going through life-stage transitions.
Healing isn't always linear. I believe it is important to honor your emotions and prioritize the things in your life that bring you joy and purpose. I use a strengths-based, holistic approach to treatment, and emphasize providing culturally congruent care that is aligned with your unique identities. I believe in creating a safe and contained space to help you live more authentically and in a way that fits with your values. In my practice I focus on serving adolescents, college and medical students, and young professionals going through life-stage transitions.
(650) 881-4956 View (650) 881-4956
Photo of Sarah Parnow, Psychologist in San Jose, CA
Sarah Parnow
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95150  (Online Only)
Does life feel unrecognizable right now? Maybe you are facing a new reality, one you did not expect to be facing now, or possibly ever. You heard what the doctors said, but it still doesn’t feel real, like tomorrow when you wake up you’ll realize this was all just a very bad dream. It feels terrifying, uncomfortable, and exhausting, and you are having a hard time focusing your attention on anything else. You may find your thoughts rapidly cycling between endless “what if” and “how did I get here?” spirals. You are definitely not alone in feeling this way.
Does life feel unrecognizable right now? Maybe you are facing a new reality, one you did not expect to be facing now, or possibly ever. You heard what the doctors said, but it still doesn’t feel real, like tomorrow when you wake up you’ll realize this was all just a very bad dream. It feels terrifying, uncomfortable, and exhausting, and you are having a hard time focusing your attention on anything else. You may find your thoughts rapidly cycling between endless “what if” and “how did I get here?” spirals. You are definitely not alone in feeling this way.
(408) 868-2663 View (408) 868-2663
Photo of Kate Henderson Bartenhagen, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Kate Henderson Bartenhagen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95124  (Online Only)
Do you question your purpose in life? Are you still looking for your "passion?" Do you want a deeper connection with others? Do you sometimes feel that there must be more to life than working and buying things? I am passionate about helping you answer these questions. My approach to mental health is collaborative and includes a strong belief that people strive towards wellness and have within them the capacity to heal and grow. I see individuals, couples, and families age 15 and up. I treat couples, sex/infidelity, substance use/abuse, mood disorders, grief and loss, life struggles.
Do you question your purpose in life? Are you still looking for your "passion?" Do you want a deeper connection with others? Do you sometimes feel that there must be more to life than working and buying things? I am passionate about helping you answer these questions. My approach to mental health is collaborative and includes a strong belief that people strive towards wellness and have within them the capacity to heal and grow. I see individuals, couples, and families age 15 and up. I treat couples, sex/infidelity, substance use/abuse, mood disorders, grief and loss, life struggles.
(408) 840-4106 View (408) 840-4106
Photo of Andrew Aguilar Maldonado, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Andrew Aguilar Maldonado
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95125
Whether you're here for yourself, a family member, or a friend... welcome! If you'd like to skip reading and give me a call or email, I will be happy to answer any questions or address any concerns you may have. If you'd like to read more about the foundation in which I work please continue. For many of us life can be complicated, and at all ages in our lives we are faced with tough times that we have to overcome. We all follow a unique path to find solutions for our difficulties. Sometimes, along that path, we find that we need support, to help us reach the level of functioning and happiness that we desire.
Whether you're here for yourself, a family member, or a friend... welcome! If you'd like to skip reading and give me a call or email, I will be happy to answer any questions or address any concerns you may have. If you'd like to read more about the foundation in which I work please continue. For many of us life can be complicated, and at all ages in our lives we are faced with tough times that we have to overcome. We all follow a unique path to find solutions for our difficulties. Sometimes, along that path, we find that we need support, to help us reach the level of functioning and happiness that we desire.
(562) 374-7080 View (562) 374-7080
Photo of Andy Truong, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Jose, CA
Andy Truong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95125
Seeking therapy takes courage and strength. Are you experiencing feeling stuck due to childhood trauma? I am here to provide you with unconditional support to process through your anxiety, depression, and other unresolved feelings at your pace. Sometimes we may need someone who is there for us and there are no problems in life that are too big or small. You have taken the first step to seek help, I can help you discover your inner strength to bounce back and deep inside you may be wishing for peace and equilibrium. As a therapist, I aim to help you reach those goals together to bring about inner peace.
Seeking therapy takes courage and strength. Are you experiencing feeling stuck due to childhood trauma? I am here to provide you with unconditional support to process through your anxiety, depression, and other unresolved feelings at your pace. Sometimes we may need someone who is there for us and there are no problems in life that are too big or small. You have taken the first step to seek help, I can help you discover your inner strength to bounce back and deep inside you may be wishing for peace and equilibrium. As a therapist, I aim to help you reach those goals together to bring about inner peace.
(408) 583-6122 View (408) 583-6122
Photo of Joanna Carson-Young, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Joanna Carson-Young
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95128
Noticing the same relationship issues over and over? Want better communication with your partner or your family and friends? If you are seeking change and want to connect with the people and community around you, I welcome clients from all walks of life. Whether you want to heal from past hurts or just want a quick tune-up, I offer a multi-theory approach to fit your needs.
Noticing the same relationship issues over and over? Want better communication with your partner or your family and friends? If you are seeking change and want to connect with the people and community around you, I welcome clients from all walks of life. Whether you want to heal from past hurts or just want a quick tune-up, I offer a multi-theory approach to fit your needs.
(408) 840-4447 View (408) 840-4447
Photo of Vicki Foster, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Vicki Foster
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95126
My name is Vicki Foster. I have an MFT license in Ca. I have been working with individual adults, adolescents, families, and couples for over 30 yrs. I have worked in every level of mental health care and have been teaching clinical Psychology courses at the graduate level for 17 yrs., as well. I am an eclectic therapist that draws from a wide range of theories, whichever one or combination would be most helpful in the resolution of the issues at hand.
My name is Vicki Foster. I have an MFT license in Ca. I have been working with individual adults, adolescents, families, and couples for over 30 yrs. I have worked in every level of mental health care and have been teaching clinical Psychology courses at the graduate level for 17 yrs., as well. I am an eclectic therapist that draws from a wide range of theories, whichever one or combination would be most helpful in the resolution of the issues at hand.
(650) 789-6522 View (650) 789-6522
Photo of Sara Hopkin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Sara Hopkin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95129
Is excessive worry or anxiety limiting your life? Do you want to feel better and live a happier life? Helping our clients overcome social anxiety, public speaking fears, OCD, panic, excessive worry and depression is our primary focus. Visit us at www.paloaltotherapy.com. By using proven therapy methods (We are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy specialists) we will focus on specific problems, solutions, and reachable goals. We provide much more than traditional talk therapy and help you get results to improve your emotions and your life. By doing this we can help rather quickly. Call to schedule a free phone consultation.
Is excessive worry or anxiety limiting your life? Do you want to feel better and live a happier life? Helping our clients overcome social anxiety, public speaking fears, OCD, panic, excessive worry and depression is our primary focus. Visit us at www.paloaltotherapy.com. By using proven therapy methods (We are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy specialists) we will focus on specific problems, solutions, and reachable goals. We provide much more than traditional talk therapy and help you get results to improve your emotions and your life. By doing this we can help rather quickly. Call to schedule a free phone consultation.
(650) 668-5287 View (650) 668-5287
Photo of Armando Francisco Luna-Medina, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Jose, CA
Armando Francisco Luna-Medina
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95124
People do not exist in a vacuum. The person you are today is a collage of various influences and experiences. These influences range from relationships with family and friends, community, religion, spiritual beliefs, socioeconomic backgrounds, education, and the culture in which you were raised. What brought you in today does not solely define you and it may not be the root of your pain. Through therapy, we have the potential to move beneath the surface and go deeper into the roots of your struggles to help you develop a greater understanding of what troubles you.
People do not exist in a vacuum. The person you are today is a collage of various influences and experiences. These influences range from relationships with family and friends, community, religion, spiritual beliefs, socioeconomic backgrounds, education, and the culture in which you were raised. What brought you in today does not solely define you and it may not be the root of your pain. Through therapy, we have the potential to move beneath the surface and go deeper into the roots of your struggles to help you develop a greater understanding of what troubles you.
(408) 703-6774 View (408) 703-6774
Photo of Jennifer Lin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Jose, CA
Jennifer Lin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95126  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
so "if i asked you to name all the things that you loved, how long would it take for you to name yourself?" If this quote reasonated with you, you are in the right place. You are seeing this for a reason. Whether you're struggling with your own mental health, relationship issues and/or the pressures, conflict, stress all around you, it's time to prioritize yourself.
so "if i asked you to name all the things that you loved, how long would it take for you to name yourself?" If this quote reasonated with you, you are in the right place. You are seeing this for a reason. Whether you're struggling with your own mental health, relationship issues and/or the pressures, conflict, stress all around you, it's time to prioritize yourself.
(408) 637-5851 View (408) 637-5851
Photo of Carrie Grabaskas, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Jose, CA
Carrie Grabaskas
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, CEDS
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95136
I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor (VA) and a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (CA), but you might also call me a confidant or a wellness coach. With 12+ years of counseling experience, I’ve had the privilege to work in various levels of care such as inpatient, residential, crisis counseling, community-based services, outpatient counseling & more. I am a Certified Eating Disorder Specialist with the International Association of Eating Disorder Professionals and trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor (VA) and a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (CA), but you might also call me a confidant or a wellness coach. With 12+ years of counseling experience, I’ve had the privilege to work in various levels of care such as inpatient, residential, crisis counseling, community-based services, outpatient counseling & more. I am a Certified Eating Disorder Specialist with the International Association of Eating Disorder Professionals and trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
(831) 387-7965 View (831) 387-7965
Photo of Ed Gresick, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Ed Gresick
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CSAT, LAADC, EMDR(C), CSOTP
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95124
My ideal client is motivated to engage in the change process and is willing to follow suggestions and direction that will result in real second order change that is truly life changing. I am uniquely qualified in treating various addictions including alcohol and drug abuse, sex addictions and compulsive behaviors, problem gambling and the many underlying issues involved. I am very effective in getting to and helping my clients resolve the root causes of their addictions. I am very effective in helping clients resolve addiction related issues including self-esteem, codependency, anxiety, anger and trauma using CBT, EMDR and FSAP.
My ideal client is motivated to engage in the change process and is willing to follow suggestions and direction that will result in real second order change that is truly life changing. I am uniquely qualified in treating various addictions including alcohol and drug abuse, sex addictions and compulsive behaviors, problem gambling and the many underlying issues involved. I am very effective in getting to and helping my clients resolve the root causes of their addictions. I am very effective in helping clients resolve addiction related issues including self-esteem, codependency, anxiety, anger and trauma using CBT, EMDR and FSAP.
(408) 498-5610 View (408) 498-5610
Photo of Dr. Elena Herrera, Psychologist in San Jose, CA
Dr. Elena Herrera
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Jose, CA 95125  (Online Only)
Now offering telehealth services for Oregon! I've been a therapist and clinical supervisor for over 15 years; I know how to help, and I have the experience. I work with many engineers, tech, and business professionals to help them express and process hard emotions in a supportive, non-intimidating way. I'm married to an engineer, and I know the pressures. I specialize in working with couples, and successful, high achieving women and men struggling with depression, anxiety, and relationship concerns. If you're a therapist yourself and struggling with compassion fatigue, burn out and stress, I speak your language, and I've been there.
Now offering telehealth services for Oregon! I've been a therapist and clinical supervisor for over 15 years; I know how to help, and I have the experience. I work with many engineers, tech, and business professionals to help them express and process hard emotions in a supportive, non-intimidating way. I'm married to an engineer, and I know the pressures. I specialize in working with couples, and successful, high achieving women and men struggling with depression, anxiety, and relationship concerns. If you're a therapist yourself and struggling with compassion fatigue, burn out and stress, I speak your language, and I've been there.
(408) 409-8376 View (408) 409-8376
Photo of Tracey Nowell, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Tracey Nowell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95124
Currently accepting new clients. How are you doing? Really, how are you doing? Are you feeling balanced, satisfied in your relationships, and have an overall sense of well being? You might answer "I'm fine" sometimes and at other times you might feel sad, overwhelmed and have anxiety about the future. I believe I can help you. Together we will work to overcome roadblocks, heal old wounds and conquer the limitations that have kept you from reaching your potential - personally, relationally and professionally.
Currently accepting new clients. How are you doing? Really, how are you doing? Are you feeling balanced, satisfied in your relationships, and have an overall sense of well being? You might answer "I'm fine" sometimes and at other times you might feel sad, overwhelmed and have anxiety about the future. I believe I can help you. Together we will work to overcome roadblocks, heal old wounds and conquer the limitations that have kept you from reaching your potential - personally, relationally and professionally.
(408) 637-5829 View (408) 637-5829
Photo of Yessica Islas McLenegan, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Yessica Islas McLenegan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95125  (Online Only)
My specialities include working with depression, anxiety, PTSD, social anxiety, bipolar disorder, adjustment disorder, and stress. I have experience working with adults and young adults. I provide Individual therapy.
My specialities include working with depression, anxiety, PTSD, social anxiety, bipolar disorder, adjustment disorder, and stress. I have experience working with adults and young adults. I provide Individual therapy.
(408) 763-5195 View (408) 763-5195
Photo of Charlene Mahabali, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Jose, CA
Charlene Mahabali
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95123
Hello, my name is Charlene Mahabali and I am a License Marriage and Family Therapist. I have been practicing for 9 years. I use CBT during sessions. I like to help client decrease their anxiety and depression. I would like to work with 18 and over that are having difficulty with life stressors, anxiety, and depression. The approach I used when providing therapy is CBT and solution-focused. I use a warm welcoming tone. I like to meet the client where they are at. I would like to work with the client to help them achieve their goals.
Hello, my name is Charlene Mahabali and I am a License Marriage and Family Therapist. I have been practicing for 9 years. I use CBT during sessions. I like to help client decrease their anxiety and depression. I would like to work with 18 and over that are having difficulty with life stressors, anxiety, and depression. The approach I used when providing therapy is CBT and solution-focused. I use a warm welcoming tone. I like to meet the client where they are at. I would like to work with the client to help them achieve their goals.
(669) 322-5699 View (669) 322-5699
Photo of Mary Jordan, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Jose, CA
Mary Jordan
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
San Jose, CA 95125
Do you find yourself shut down or suppress your feelings? Do you struggle in relationships due to your trauma? Are you unsure of where you belong? I work with people of all identities to process unresolved feelings due to trauma. I strive to provide you a safe and non-judgmental space, in order for you to develop coping mechanisms for trauma symptoms (anxiety, depression, addiction, etc.) and to explore aspects of yourself. I can help you let go of past HURTS and develop tools to find RELIEF.
Do you find yourself shut down or suppress your feelings? Do you struggle in relationships due to your trauma? Are you unsure of where you belong? I work with people of all identities to process unresolved feelings due to trauma. I strive to provide you a safe and non-judgmental space, in order for you to develop coping mechanisms for trauma symptoms (anxiety, depression, addiction, etc.) and to explore aspects of yourself. I can help you let go of past HURTS and develop tools to find RELIEF.
(408) 351-5721 View (408) 351-5721

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Jose, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in San Jose, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
70% Stress
67% Coping Skills
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Aetna
72% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Jose, CA see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Jose?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.