Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Charlotte Forrest, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Charlotte Forrest
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10002
Not accepting new clients
Welcome to my Psychology Today site. I am an LCSW Therapist with 20 years of experience working with adults who struggle with traumatic experiences, loss and life transitions. In our sessions, we will engage in an open process where you can safely explore your feelings and uncomfortable emotions. I will help you to identify barriers getting in the way of your healing. We will work together to reduce negative symptoms so that you can function better and begin to engage fully in your best life.
Welcome to my Psychology Today site. I am an LCSW Therapist with 20 years of experience working with adults who struggle with traumatic experiences, loss and life transitions. In our sessions, we will engage in an open process where you can safely explore your feelings and uncomfortable emotions. I will help you to identify barriers getting in the way of your healing. We will work together to reduce negative symptoms so that you can function better and begin to engage fully in your best life.
(917) 877-0410 View (917) 877-0410
Photo of Logan Horng, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Logan Horng
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10012
There’s no better feeling than being able to be your true self. My job is to help find and provide this space for you. A space where you can express your unfiltered feelings; a space where you can gain a sense of freedom and control; a space where you can be your complete and unapologetic self. I am passionate in working with college students and young adults, particularly those living with depression, anxiety, or ongoing life transitions. I use a strengths-based person-centered approach to see your needs as unique.
There’s no better feeling than being able to be your true self. My job is to help find and provide this space for you. A space where you can express your unfiltered feelings; a space where you can gain a sense of freedom and control; a space where you can be your complete and unapologetic self. I am passionate in working with college students and young adults, particularly those living with depression, anxiety, or ongoing life transitions. I use a strengths-based person-centered approach to see your needs as unique.
(347) 297-5299 View (347) 297-5299
Photo of Daniel Joseph Franco, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Daniel Joseph Franco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
Daniel Franco is a licensed clinician in New York. He attended Syracuse University for a Bachelor of Science in Psychology and Neuroscience and graduated summa cum laude with departmental honors. He received his graduate degree from the Silberman School of CUNY. His works with adolescents and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, academic and career, relationship, trauma, and addiction issues. Daniel is easy to talk to. He addresses topics with kindness and understanding. He is solution-focused, with the “spirit” of empowerment, clarity acceptance, and Motivational Interviewing.
Daniel Franco is a licensed clinician in New York. He attended Syracuse University for a Bachelor of Science in Psychology and Neuroscience and graduated summa cum laude with departmental honors. He received his graduate degree from the Silberman School of CUNY. His works with adolescents and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, academic and career, relationship, trauma, and addiction issues. Daniel is easy to talk to. He addresses topics with kindness and understanding. He is solution-focused, with the “spirit” of empowerment, clarity acceptance, and Motivational Interviewing.
(718) 804-5945 View (718) 804-5945
Photo of Liz Gaeta, Counselor in New York, NY
Liz Gaeta
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
Waitlist for new clients
My goal as a therapist is to create a comfortable, nonjudgmental environment that allows you to identify and explore whatever thoughts, feelings, or concerns you find yourself facing. My style is collaborative, warm, humorous, and interactive, which allows me to quickly establish a supportive and strong relationship with clients. Together we will identify goals that focus on your wellbeing, seek to create the changes you want, and help you to live a happier, more balanced life.
My goal as a therapist is to create a comfortable, nonjudgmental environment that allows you to identify and explore whatever thoughts, feelings, or concerns you find yourself facing. My style is collaborative, warm, humorous, and interactive, which allows me to quickly establish a supportive and strong relationship with clients. Together we will identify goals that focus on your wellbeing, seek to create the changes you want, and help you to live a happier, more balanced life.
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Photo of Tatyana Oquendo in New York, NY
Tatyana Oquendo
LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10012
I have been working in the mental health field since 2017 at various levels of care and have tended to a variety of populations with diverse presenting problems and needs. I have worked at the private practice level for two years assisting adolescents and adults through individual therapy to treat anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, and more. I provide a safe space for my clients to explore, reflect, learn, and unlearn different aspects of their lives in hopes of assisting in improving their overall well-being.
I have been working in the mental health field since 2017 at various levels of care and have tended to a variety of populations with diverse presenting problems and needs. I have worked at the private practice level for two years assisting adolescents and adults through individual therapy to treat anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, and more. I provide a safe space for my clients to explore, reflect, learn, and unlearn different aspects of their lives in hopes of assisting in improving their overall well-being.
(347) 801-7204 View (347) 801-7204
Photo of Charlotte Elkin, LCSW P.C., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Charlotte Elkin, LCSW P.C.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10026  (Online Only)
Sometimes life's challenges, transitions, or conditions are more than we can handle. Feelings of sadness or fear overwhelm. We realize that the way we are living is not how we want to live but are unable to make changes on our own. Unhealthy relationships, dealing with disappointment or loss, feeling alone, or struggling with an inner critic, are a few examples of what leads people to reach out to me. In my practice I largely employ the Internal Family Systems (IFS) model as my framework but also draw techniques from CBT, EMDR, DBT, mindfulness, somatic experiencing, and psychodynamic psychotherapy, when needed.
Sometimes life's challenges, transitions, or conditions are more than we can handle. Feelings of sadness or fear overwhelm. We realize that the way we are living is not how we want to live but are unable to make changes on our own. Unhealthy relationships, dealing with disappointment or loss, feeling alone, or struggling with an inner critic, are a few examples of what leads people to reach out to me. In my practice I largely employ the Internal Family Systems (IFS) model as my framework but also draw techniques from CBT, EMDR, DBT, mindfulness, somatic experiencing, and psychodynamic psychotherapy, when needed.
(914) 357-7898 View (914) 357-7898
Photo of Samantha Kane, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Samantha Kane
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
Welcome, thanks for stopping by. Many of us are carrying around the heavy burden of invisible challenges. Though they’re not noticeable—to others and sometimes even ourselves—they can make life feel more difficult, stressful, and at times even unmanageable. I am here to offer you support, so you’re not carrying that load alone. In our work, you will set the tone and I will be there to listen and foster a safe and judgment-free environment, so we can uncover the root of your distress, process your emotions, and develop beneficial coping skills, creating more space for peace in your life.
Welcome, thanks for stopping by. Many of us are carrying around the heavy burden of invisible challenges. Though they’re not noticeable—to others and sometimes even ourselves—they can make life feel more difficult, stressful, and at times even unmanageable. I am here to offer you support, so you’re not carrying that load alone. In our work, you will set the tone and I will be there to listen and foster a safe and judgment-free environment, so we can uncover the root of your distress, process your emotions, and develop beneficial coping skills, creating more space for peace in your life.
(646) 798-9700 View (646) 798-9700
Photo of Mak Morin, Art Therapist in New York, NY
Mak Morin
Art Therapist, LCAT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
Mak Morin, LCAT (they/them) is a drama therapist whose clinical ethics are informed by anti-oppressive and transformative political frameworks. They are passionate about the human capacity for liberation and healing, and our ability to empower each other and collectively improve our lives. Mak takes a flexible, relational approach informed by narrative, expressive arts, and play techniques; they partner with clients to co-create a space for reflection and growth.
Mak Morin, LCAT (they/them) is a drama therapist whose clinical ethics are informed by anti-oppressive and transformative political frameworks. They are passionate about the human capacity for liberation and healing, and our ability to empower each other and collectively improve our lives. Mak takes a flexible, relational approach informed by narrative, expressive arts, and play techniques; they partner with clients to co-create a space for reflection and growth.
(332) 895-6598 View (332) 895-6598
Photo of Sam Klugman, Psychologist in New York, NY
Sam Klugman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
I am a licensed clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy for adults struggling with emotional distress, relationship and family issues, identity and self-esteem concerns, and life transitions (e.g., illness, separation, loss). Many people seek therapy because they feel stuck or confused, and their usual methods of coping are overwhelmed. I provide a collaborative and safe environment in which you can feel heard and supported while developing new ways of understanding and working through difficulties. My areas of specialty include anxiety and worry, LGBTQIA issues, substance use, perfectionism, identity concerns, and trauma.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist providing psychotherapy for adults struggling with emotional distress, relationship and family issues, identity and self-esteem concerns, and life transitions (e.g., illness, separation, loss). Many people seek therapy because they feel stuck or confused, and their usual methods of coping are overwhelmed. I provide a collaborative and safe environment in which you can feel heard and supported while developing new ways of understanding and working through difficulties. My areas of specialty include anxiety and worry, LGBTQIA issues, substance use, perfectionism, identity concerns, and trauma.
(347) 669-0595 View (347) 669-0595
Photo of Janet Richman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Janet Richman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RN
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10033  (Online Only)
I believe that developing a therapeutic relationship with my clients is most improtant. I provide active lisetning with a therapeutic ear, and will reflect your story back to you and help you to see yourself in a different light. Together we will work on identifying goals and use a variety of modalities to help you reach them.
I believe that developing a therapeutic relationship with my clients is most improtant. I provide active lisetning with a therapeutic ear, and will reflect your story back to you and help you to see yourself in a different light. Together we will work on identifying goals and use a variety of modalities to help you reach them.
(914) 221-0027 View (914) 221-0027
Photo of Meredith Shirey, Marriage & Family Therapist in New York, NY
Meredith Shirey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
New York, NY 10004
Whether wishing to reconnect with a partner, recover from infidelity, cope with a loss, or even find ways to amicably end a relationship; I can offer assistance and guidance in not only resolving the issues that brought you and your partner to therapy, but also to gain insight into how your own life experiences may impact the relationship. My hope is that my warm but direct approach to treatment will allow you and your partner to feel welcomed, understood, and safe to speak about the issues impacting your relationship. Please visit the website to learn more about my approach.
Whether wishing to reconnect with a partner, recover from infidelity, cope with a loss, or even find ways to amicably end a relationship; I can offer assistance and guidance in not only resolving the issues that brought you and your partner to therapy, but also to gain insight into how your own life experiences may impact the relationship. My hope is that my warm but direct approach to treatment will allow you and your partner to feel welcomed, understood, and safe to speak about the issues impacting your relationship. Please visit the website to learn more about my approach.
(646) 713-0975 View (646) 713-0975
Photo of Claudia Y Williams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Claudia Y Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-R , BC-TMH
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10017  (Online Only)
I am an experienced Clinical Social Worker who is able to work with individuals from varied cultural backgrounds. I assist children and their families to address a range of issues that are found in Early Childhood and School Age populations. This assistance enables the individual to make maximum use of their educational, cultural and spiritual environment. I have several years of experience helping adolescents and young adults with career exploration and planning. as well as adults who wish to transition to second careers or work in international -multicultural environments.
I am an experienced Clinical Social Worker who is able to work with individuals from varied cultural backgrounds. I assist children and their families to address a range of issues that are found in Early Childhood and School Age populations. This assistance enables the individual to make maximum use of their educational, cultural and spiritual environment. I have several years of experience helping adolescents and young adults with career exploration and planning. as well as adults who wish to transition to second careers or work in international -multicultural environments.
(646) 490-1594 View (646) 490-1594
Photo of Laike Rising Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Laike Rising Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
We understand that you may be struggling with a variety of issues, such as job-related stress, relationship difficulties, coping with the loss of a loved one, or dealing with concerns around sex and intimacy. Whatever you're going through, our team at Laike Rising Therapy is here to offer support and guidance. We know that finding the right therapist can be a daunting task, and we want to make the process as easy and stress-free as possible for you. Our goal is to match you with a therapist who is best suited to your unique needs and concerns. We believe that a strong therapeutic relationship is key to achieving positive
We understand that you may be struggling with a variety of issues, such as job-related stress, relationship difficulties, coping with the loss of a loved one, or dealing with concerns around sex and intimacy. Whatever you're going through, our team at Laike Rising Therapy is here to offer support and guidance. We know that finding the right therapist can be a daunting task, and we want to make the process as easy and stress-free as possible for you. Our goal is to match you with a therapist who is best suited to your unique needs and concerns. We believe that a strong therapeutic relationship is key to achieving positive
(929) 305-1815 View (929) 305-1815
Photo of Natalie Suna, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Natalie Suna
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10019  (Online Only)
Do you want to cultivate a collaborative partnership for self-directed healing? I am a cisgender, white, Jewish woman living in Brooklyn, and I have experienced firsthand the opportunity therapy provides to connect and feel deeply understood. I help you bring an awareness of and curiosity about the impacts of systems, historical trauma, and early formative experiences that shape you. Bringing compassion and insight to the belief systems that keep you feeling stuck can facilitate new ways of relating to yourself.
Do you want to cultivate a collaborative partnership for self-directed healing? I am a cisgender, white, Jewish woman living in Brooklyn, and I have experienced firsthand the opportunity therapy provides to connect and feel deeply understood. I help you bring an awareness of and curiosity about the impacts of systems, historical trauma, and early formative experiences that shape you. Bringing compassion and insight to the belief systems that keep you feeling stuck can facilitate new ways of relating to yourself.
(646) 603-1950 View (646) 603-1950
Photo of Emily Fiorelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Emily Fiorelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010
Emily Fiorelli, LMSW specializes in supporting individuals who experience self-doubt, difficulty in relationships, anxiety, eating disorders and low self-esteem. Emily helps her clients to recognize and make the changes necessary to create a life they love. Through several years of clinical experience, Emily has found that therapy is most effective when grounded in understanding, collaboration, and motivation. She prioritizes creating a supportive environment in which individuals feel both safe and inspired to make powerful strides towards a more fulfilled self.
Emily Fiorelli, LMSW specializes in supporting individuals who experience self-doubt, difficulty in relationships, anxiety, eating disorders and low self-esteem. Emily helps her clients to recognize and make the changes necessary to create a life they love. Through several years of clinical experience, Emily has found that therapy is most effective when grounded in understanding, collaboration, and motivation. She prioritizes creating a supportive environment in which individuals feel both safe and inspired to make powerful strides towards a more fulfilled self.
(332) 286-4464 View (332) 286-4464
Photo of May Chen, Psychologist in New York, NY
May Chen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
I am a licensed clinical psychologist specilizing in the cognitive behavioral approach to psychotherapy (CBT). Cognitive behavioral therapy is a short-term, problem-focused orientation that aims to provide practical tools with which we may use to manage life's changes. I enjoy working with a culturally diverse population on a range of concerns, including anxiety, anger, depression, acculturation, adjustment, and relationship issues.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist specilizing in the cognitive behavioral approach to psychotherapy (CBT). Cognitive behavioral therapy is a short-term, problem-focused orientation that aims to provide practical tools with which we may use to manage life's changes. I enjoy working with a culturally diverse population on a range of concerns, including anxiety, anger, depression, acculturation, adjustment, and relationship issues.
(917) 780-2851 View (917) 780-2851
Photo of Yuko Hanakawa, Psychologist in New York, NY
Yuko Hanakawa
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
New York, NY 10007
In New York City, life's pressures are relentless. You strive for success but often feel not quite good enough. In relationships, you give your heart, yet feel utterly drained, receiving very little in return. The weight of anxiety bears down on you, causing sleepless nights and trembling moments of self-doubt. You're not alone in these challenges. The good news is, transforming them is possible! Together, we'll turn your anxiety into strength and reshape your relationship patterns into sources of joy. There are ways! It's time for you to find peace, balance, and happiness in the heart of this bustling city.
In New York City, life's pressures are relentless. You strive for success but often feel not quite good enough. In relationships, you give your heart, yet feel utterly drained, receiving very little in return. The weight of anxiety bears down on you, causing sleepless nights and trembling moments of self-doubt. You're not alone in these challenges. The good news is, transforming them is possible! Together, we'll turn your anxiety into strength and reshape your relationship patterns into sources of joy. There are ways! It's time for you to find peace, balance, and happiness in the heart of this bustling city.
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Photo of David Braucher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
David Braucher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
As a trained psychotherapist with over 25 years of clinical, supervisory and teaching experience, I have learned that we all suffer from common problems in living -- in love and in work. But the solutions that will work for each of us are as unique as we are. I have had extensive training in a variety of different approaches. We will find what works best for you!
As a trained psychotherapist with over 25 years of clinical, supervisory and teaching experience, I have learned that we all suffer from common problems in living -- in love and in work. But the solutions that will work for each of us are as unique as we are. I have had extensive training in a variety of different approaches. We will find what works best for you!
(212) 691-0688 View (212) 691-0688
Photo of Dr. Kanako Okuda, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Dr. Kanako Okuda
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10040  (Online Only)
Greetings! I'm Kanako Okuda, a compassionate licensed clinical social worker based in New York State, boasting over two decades of dedicated service to diverse individuals seeking support. Drawing from my background as a former dancer and a student of spirituality, I bring a holistic approach to my practice, valuing each individual's entirety. Throughout my fulfilling career, I've had the privilege of supporting individuals across healthcare and higher education sectors, guiding them through significant life changes, empowering them to navigate chronic health conditions, and easing educational anxieties and workplace hurdles.
Greetings! I'm Kanako Okuda, a compassionate licensed clinical social worker based in New York State, boasting over two decades of dedicated service to diverse individuals seeking support. Drawing from my background as a former dancer and a student of spirituality, I bring a holistic approach to my practice, valuing each individual's entirety. Throughout my fulfilling career, I've had the privilege of supporting individuals across healthcare and higher education sectors, guiding them through significant life changes, empowering them to navigate chronic health conditions, and easing educational anxieties and workplace hurdles.
(929) 581-8325 View (929) 581-8325
Photo of Phyllis Lee Krauser, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Phyllis Lee Krauser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
I am easy to talk to warm and experienced. I enjoy my work (20 years) helping clients cope with challenges experienced in childhood and now as an adult. Often traumatic experiences deny clients of fulfillment. We work as a team gingerly, of course, our 45 minute sessions on Zoom or FaceTime is client centered. I want clients to achieve their goals and not be bogged down by untoward feelings, thoughts and experiences.
I am easy to talk to warm and experienced. I enjoy my work (20 years) helping clients cope with challenges experienced in childhood and now as an adult. Often traumatic experiences deny clients of fulfillment. We work as a team gingerly, of course, our 45 minute sessions on Zoom or FaceTime is client centered. I want clients to achieve their goals and not be bogged down by untoward feelings, thoughts and experiences.
(347) 934-2408 View (347) 934-2408

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.