Therapists in Nashville, TN

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Photo of Kalaway Voss, Pre-Licensed Professional in Nashville, TN
Kalaway Voss
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37205
The cards we are dealt are often unfair/unequal. We did not choose the bodies we were born into, the parents or caretakers we were given, the environments we grew up in, our pain or trauma, our financial situation, or the injustices woven into the systems we inherited. We are not responsible for what is inflicted upon us, but we are responsible for our healing. Like the water carves through rock, you too can start upon the path and life you desire. You can cultivate this with time and attention, identifying your goals and values, and learning to extend the same love and grace you give to others to yourself.
The cards we are dealt are often unfair/unequal. We did not choose the bodies we were born into, the parents or caretakers we were given, the environments we grew up in, our pain or trauma, our financial situation, or the injustices woven into the systems we inherited. We are not responsible for what is inflicted upon us, but we are responsible for our healing. Like the water carves through rock, you too can start upon the path and life you desire. You can cultivate this with time and attention, identifying your goals and values, and learning to extend the same love and grace you give to others to yourself.
(629) 276-3184 View (629) 276-3184
Photo of Landon Rives, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Landon Rives
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37220
Typical clientele: Anxious, avoidant, indecisive, looking for insights or solutions focused. Primary goals typically involve awareness and action orientation. The client is typically looking for something to change in their lives. They may not know what yet, but are seeking diligently and genuinely.
Typical clientele: Anxious, avoidant, indecisive, looking for insights or solutions focused. Primary goals typically involve awareness and action orientation. The client is typically looking for something to change in their lives. They may not know what yet, but are seeking diligently and genuinely.
(615) 247-6631 View (615) 247-6631
Photo of Elument, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Elument
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37204
Are you wanting to transform your life with psychedelic medicine? Elument is dedicated to providing knowledgeable, supportive, and inclusive psychedelic therapy to Nashville, TN and throughout the Southeast. Founded in 2019, we are the first psychedelic healing center in Tennessee. Our staff is highly trained and experienced and here to help you break through stuck patterns that are limiting growth, happiness, and life satisfaction.
Are you wanting to transform your life with psychedelic medicine? Elument is dedicated to providing knowledgeable, supportive, and inclusive psychedelic therapy to Nashville, TN and throughout the Southeast. Founded in 2019, we are the first psychedelic healing center in Tennessee. Our staff is highly trained and experienced and here to help you break through stuck patterns that are limiting growth, happiness, and life satisfaction.
(615) 437-7162 View (615) 437-7162
Photo of Rachel Gladys Therapeutic Services, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Rachel Gladys Therapeutic Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, RPT, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
Being a kid is supposed to be a magical time filled with fun, learning, exploring, and giggles. As a parent, is there anything worse than realizing something has gotten in the way of your child's magic? When you can't figure out how you and your child got here, parenting becomes unbearably hard. Worse than that is feeling like you don't know how to help your child. You and your child need support, guidance, and someone who believes the magic isn't lost forever. When life gets challenging, I work with kids, teens, families, and parents. I believe that the magic isn't lost, and healing is possible for your child and family.
Being a kid is supposed to be a magical time filled with fun, learning, exploring, and giggles. As a parent, is there anything worse than realizing something has gotten in the way of your child's magic? When you can't figure out how you and your child got here, parenting becomes unbearably hard. Worse than that is feeling like you don't know how to help your child. You and your child need support, guidance, and someone who believes the magic isn't lost forever. When life gets challenging, I work with kids, teens, families, and parents. I believe that the magic isn't lost, and healing is possible for your child and family.
(615) 569-3193 View (615) 569-3193
Photo of Samantha Barstack, Pre-Licensed Professional in Nashville, TN
Samantha Barstack
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37215
I believe that when we can recognize and talk about our feelings they become more manageable. I have found that through my dedication to understanding nuance, appreciation for individuality, and compassion I can provide a pathway for growth and healing. As your clinician, I will foster a firm and genuine connection that provides us with a strong foundation for healing, self-reflection, change, and empowerment. I strive to build these connections with each individual that comes to me for support.
I believe that when we can recognize and talk about our feelings they become more manageable. I have found that through my dedication to understanding nuance, appreciation for individuality, and compassion I can provide a pathway for growth and healing. As your clinician, I will foster a firm and genuine connection that provides us with a strong foundation for healing, self-reflection, change, and empowerment. I strive to build these connections with each individual that comes to me for support.
(615) 314-4499 View (615) 314-4499
Photo of Christian Bumpous, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nashville, TN
Christian Bumpous
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPC, CDWF
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
You are a busy professional and you have arrived. For years, you’ve been planning and plotting your path and you are now well on your way. And, something feels just a bit off. Like, “wasn’t I supposed to be happy and content -or something?” For some reason, life is not feeling as full and rich as you’d pictured, and all the research on how to make things better thus far, has not yielded the desired results! Despite checking all the boxes (like, every last damn one), you are still left feeling more anxious, stressed, or depressed than you’d like. Why do things on the inside that don’t match what’s happening in your life?
You are a busy professional and you have arrived. For years, you’ve been planning and plotting your path and you are now well on your way. And, something feels just a bit off. Like, “wasn’t I supposed to be happy and content -or something?” For some reason, life is not feeling as full and rich as you’d pictured, and all the research on how to make things better thus far, has not yielded the desired results! Despite checking all the boxes (like, every last damn one), you are still left feeling more anxious, stressed, or depressed than you’d like. Why do things on the inside that don’t match what’s happening in your life?
(615) 285-6201 View (615) 285-6201
Photo of Inspirational Life Coaching - Life Coach Counselor in Nashville, TN
Inspirational Life Coaching - Life Coach Counselor
MA, BS, CPLC, CHT
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37212
Life Coaching - Do you have the life you want? Are you ready to make a meaningful change in your life? Inspirational Life Coaching helps individuals achieve their goals by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable goals. As your life coach and counselor, I will assist you with clarifying your goals, values purpose and vision so that your dreams become a reality.
Life Coaching - Do you have the life you want? Are you ready to make a meaningful change in your life? Inspirational Life Coaching helps individuals achieve their goals by breaking them down into smaller, more manageable goals. As your life coach and counselor, I will assist you with clarifying your goals, values purpose and vision so that your dreams become a reality.
(615) 235-6424 View (615) 235-6424
Photo of Brooke Rappaport, Psychologist in Nashville, TN
Brooke Rappaport
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37204
I love working with women and gender expansive people on concerns such as anxiety, depression, adjustment, life transitions, and trauma. I love guiding people through life transitions, shifts, and identity development. Helping my clients in their personal growth is especially fun for me. Aside from personal growth, I am most experienced working with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma. I help clients understand how systems beyond their individual life impacts why they may be feeling how they are feeling. I help clients work to live authentic and genuine lives that align with their personal values.
I love working with women and gender expansive people on concerns such as anxiety, depression, adjustment, life transitions, and trauma. I love guiding people through life transitions, shifts, and identity development. Helping my clients in their personal growth is especially fun for me. Aside from personal growth, I am most experienced working with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma. I help clients understand how systems beyond their individual life impacts why they may be feeling how they are feeling. I help clients work to live authentic and genuine lives that align with their personal values.
(615) 551-7967 View (615) 551-7967
Photo of Jacob Ryan Diddens, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Jacob Ryan Diddens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37215
Whether you have an undiagnosed/diagnosed condition, need support during a transition period, or are on the journey to self-actualization, I encourage you to reach out for therapy. With your help, I would like to assess and understand your circumstances to create an action plan. I promote positive change by teaching mindfulness, emotion regulation, interpersonal effectiveness, and distress tolerance skills. In addition, I offer psychoeducation and recommendations for your care when appropriate.
Whether you have an undiagnosed/diagnosed condition, need support during a transition period, or are on the journey to self-actualization, I encourage you to reach out for therapy. With your help, I would like to assess and understand your circumstances to create an action plan. I promote positive change by teaching mindfulness, emotion regulation, interpersonal effectiveness, and distress tolerance skills. In addition, I offer psychoeducation and recommendations for your care when appropriate.
(615) 492-8144 View (615) 492-8144
Photo of Brooke Davidson, Psychologist in Nashville, TN
Brooke Davidson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
My name is Brooke Davidson and I am passionate about working with children and adolescents and their families. I completed my training at California School of Professional Psychology in 2017. My current practice has two main areas of focus: evidence based treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders and Psychological Testing. As a concierge psychologist, I offer several therapy options including in my office, mobile therapy (I come to you), telehealth and groups.
My name is Brooke Davidson and I am passionate about working with children and adolescents and their families. I completed my training at California School of Professional Psychology in 2017. My current practice has two main areas of focus: evidence based treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders and Psychological Testing. As a concierge psychologist, I offer several therapy options including in my office, mobile therapy (I come to you), telehealth and groups.
(949) 558-2746 View (949) 558-2746
Photo of Brian A Edwards, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Brian A Edwards
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37214  (Online Only)
My virtual office is a "judgment free zone." And I want to help you feel better about yourself! Life can be difficult. And depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship problems, etc. all place a heavy burden upon us and take away our joy. I want to help you rediscover your joy in life. My focus is on improving mental health, improving your quality of life. I want you to feel comfortable discussing anything. Your peace of mind is crucial, and I'm here to help you find positive change. (FYI! I am private fee only - insurance not accepted.)
My virtual office is a "judgment free zone." And I want to help you feel better about yourself! Life can be difficult. And depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship problems, etc. all place a heavy burden upon us and take away our joy. I want to help you rediscover your joy in life. My focus is on improving mental health, improving your quality of life. I want you to feel comfortable discussing anything. Your peace of mind is crucial, and I'm here to help you find positive change. (FYI! I am private fee only - insurance not accepted.)
(615) 288-5966 View (615) 288-5966
Photo of Robert DeSalvo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Robert DeSalvo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212
Effective. Fast. Convenient. Teletherapy from the comfort, convenience, and security of your home. It requires immense courage to change and making the decision to pursue counseling is one of the bravest steps you can take. Keeping that in mind, I feel honored to assist you in taking that step. I have extensive experience working with adults on a wide range of issues and I welcome diversity in my clients. I believe in providing a warm, supportive, judgement free environment for the therapy process, and I use a variety of therapeutic approaches based on your specific needs.
Effective. Fast. Convenient. Teletherapy from the comfort, convenience, and security of your home. It requires immense courage to change and making the decision to pursue counseling is one of the bravest steps you can take. Keeping that in mind, I feel honored to assist you in taking that step. I have extensive experience working with adults on a wide range of issues and I welcome diversity in my clients. I believe in providing a warm, supportive, judgement free environment for the therapy process, and I use a variety of therapeutic approaches based on your specific needs.
(615) 671-4269 View (615) 671-4269
Photo of Tim Jackson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Nashville, TN
Tim Jackson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37216
Accepting New Clients! Humans thrive when they feel safe, seen, and known. That is the environment I provide individuals and couples as the foundation for our work together exploring issues like relationship challenges, grief, anxiety, and depression. My goal is to assist my clients in finding hope and strength to create healthy, meaningful, and fulfilling paths more deeply connected to themselves and their relationships.
Accepting New Clients! Humans thrive when they feel safe, seen, and known. That is the environment I provide individuals and couples as the foundation for our work together exploring issues like relationship challenges, grief, anxiety, and depression. My goal is to assist my clients in finding hope and strength to create healthy, meaningful, and fulfilling paths more deeply connected to themselves and their relationships.
(629) 218-4731 View (629) 218-4731
Photo of Amy Blount, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Amy Blount
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37209  (Online Only)
Not Accepting New Client At This Time We all experience big and little things throughout our lives that impact where we are today. I am here to help you acknowledge, process, and heal those parts that are making living the life you desire difficult. Whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, postpartum, grief, trauma, OCD, or interpersonal relationships, I am here to help guide you. By working together, we'll uncover your strengths, develop coping strategies, and foster a deeper understanding of yourself.
Not Accepting New Client At This Time We all experience big and little things throughout our lives that impact where we are today. I am here to help you acknowledge, process, and heal those parts that are making living the life you desire difficult. Whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, postpartum, grief, trauma, OCD, or interpersonal relationships, I am here to help guide you. By working together, we'll uncover your strengths, develop coping strategies, and foster a deeper understanding of yourself.
(615) 632-6731 View (615) 632-6731
Photo of Keisha Kennedy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Keisha Kennedy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37228  (Online Only)
I completed my Master of Science in Social Work from the University of Tennessee Knoxville in 2012. I've been practicing therapy for 12 years. My counseling style is warm and inviting, and I believe in being non-judgmental, sensitive, and compassionate.
I completed my Master of Science in Social Work from the University of Tennessee Knoxville in 2012. I've been practicing therapy for 12 years. My counseling style is warm and inviting, and I believe in being non-judgmental, sensitive, and compassionate.
(629) 260-5903 View (629) 260-5903
Photo of Kevin Khye, Pre-Licensed Professional in Nashville, TN
Kevin Khye
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37204
Hi! I'm Kevin- your mindful therapist for the LGBTQIA+ community, trauma survivors, and those battling the twists and turns of anxiety and depression. Think of me as a dedicated gardener, teaching you to hone your green thumb for personal growth, helping you cultivate the inner calm you deserve. Together, we'll tame the overgrowth of ignored emotions, tend to the roots of your experiences, and prune away what no longer serves you. I'll bring my set of therapy tools, blending cutting-edge techniques with a healthy dose of empathy and understanding. Together we will untangle the complexities of life.
Hi! I'm Kevin- your mindful therapist for the LGBTQIA+ community, trauma survivors, and those battling the twists and turns of anxiety and depression. Think of me as a dedicated gardener, teaching you to hone your green thumb for personal growth, helping you cultivate the inner calm you deserve. Together, we'll tame the overgrowth of ignored emotions, tend to the roots of your experiences, and prune away what no longer serves you. I'll bring my set of therapy tools, blending cutting-edge techniques with a healthy dose of empathy and understanding. Together we will untangle the complexities of life.
(615) 492-2712 View (615) 492-2712
Photo of Aaron M Free, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Aaron M Free
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LMSW, CTP
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37228  (Online Only)
Are you exhausted from the relentless grip of chronic aches, pains, or the weight of trauma and dissociation? Do you want to get back to enjoying the things you used to? Are you looking to work with someone who understands your LGBTQ+ identity? If you're here, you've already taken the first step towards finding relief and reclaiming control over your life. I am dedicated to fostering a collaborative relationship focused on setting goals, tracking progress, and facilitating healing. Beyond our therapy sessions, my commitment extends to actively researching resources, interventions, and personalized solutions to fit your needs.
Are you exhausted from the relentless grip of chronic aches, pains, or the weight of trauma and dissociation? Do you want to get back to enjoying the things you used to? Are you looking to work with someone who understands your LGBTQ+ identity? If you're here, you've already taken the first step towards finding relief and reclaiming control over your life. I am dedicated to fostering a collaborative relationship focused on setting goals, tracking progress, and facilitating healing. Beyond our therapy sessions, my commitment extends to actively researching resources, interventions, and personalized solutions to fit your needs.
(865) 327-2011 View (865) 327-2011
Photo of Rachel Epifanio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Rachel Epifanio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37215
Because we live in a broken world, we all experience trauma on some level (even if it doesn't "look" like trauma). If trauma has taken root, it residually shows up in our relationships with ourselves and others, dictates our perceptions & behaviors, and can even trap us into our own self-sustained mental prison. The question is not "what's wrong with you?", but instead "what happened to you?" I would be honored to hear your story & provide a safe space for you to unpack with no judgement. I am well-versed in Narrative Therapy, taking the stance that you are the expert on yourself.
Because we live in a broken world, we all experience trauma on some level (even if it doesn't "look" like trauma). If trauma has taken root, it residually shows up in our relationships with ourselves and others, dictates our perceptions & behaviors, and can even trap us into our own self-sustained mental prison. The question is not "what's wrong with you?", but instead "what happened to you?" I would be honored to hear your story & provide a safe space for you to unpack with no judgement. I am well-versed in Narrative Therapy, taking the stance that you are the expert on yourself.
(615) 266-5822 x101 View (615) 266-5822 x101
Photo of Gilda Linder, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Gilda Linder
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, (temp)
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37204
Everyone faces hardships and needs someone to walk alongside them through life’s challenges. I believe in holding space for my clients to feel seen, accepted, and safe within the therapeutic relationship. I view each individual as having unique and priceless value and feel collaborating with clients is an honor. I believe that strength, resilience, and growth are the rewards of those who dare to face and persevere through painful experiences toward healing.
Everyone faces hardships and needs someone to walk alongside them through life’s challenges. I believe in holding space for my clients to feel seen, accepted, and safe within the therapeutic relationship. I view each individual as having unique and priceless value and feel collaborating with clients is an honor. I believe that strength, resilience, and growth are the rewards of those who dare to face and persevere through painful experiences toward healing.
(615) 709-5741 View (615) 709-5741
Photo of Desiree Olivo (Truth Empowered Counseling And Wellness), Pre-Licensed Professional in Nashville, TN
Desiree Olivo (Truth Empowered Counseling And Wellness)
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37211
Is mental health stigma something that’s prevented you from getting the extra support you need? Do you want to go to counseling, but don’t know where to start? I love to help individuals who are perhaps apprehensive or feel anxious about going to counseling, but are motivated to make changes in their lives. Are you struggling with grief, stress, anxiety, addiction, depression, relationship issues, or have experienced trauma? Do you want to learn new coping skills and how to live your best life? I help people who dream about talking to a professional in a safe and non-judgmental space.
Is mental health stigma something that’s prevented you from getting the extra support you need? Do you want to go to counseling, but don’t know where to start? I love to help individuals who are perhaps apprehensive or feel anxious about going to counseling, but are motivated to make changes in their lives. Are you struggling with grief, stress, anxiety, addiction, depression, relationship issues, or have experienced trauma? Do you want to learn new coping skills and how to live your best life? I help people who dream about talking to a professional in a safe and non-judgmental space.
(615) 492-3379 View (615) 492-3379

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Nashville, TN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Nashville, TN who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Nashville, TN see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Nashville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.