Therapists in Berkeley, CA

Photo of Kayo Sumisaki, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kayo Sumisaki
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705  (Online Only)
Is your child exhibiting emotional and/or behavioral problems? Are you having problems with your relationships or at work? Are you feeling overwhelmed with anxiety or struggling with depression? I can help. In the safety of a caring and collaborative relationship, we will work on understanding how difficult life patterns are no longer serving you. My role is to meet my clients where they are and help guide them toward making lasting positive changes. I provide both short-term and long-term therapy. Call for a free consultation today!
Is your child exhibiting emotional and/or behavioral problems? Are you having problems with your relationships or at work? Are you feeling overwhelmed with anxiety or struggling with depression? I can help. In the safety of a caring and collaborative relationship, we will work on understanding how difficult life patterns are no longer serving you. My role is to meet my clients where they are and help guide them toward making lasting positive changes. I provide both short-term and long-term therapy. Call for a free consultation today!
(510) 858-2611 View (510) 858-2611
Photo of Emily Schiller, PsyD, Psychologist
Emily Schiller
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94710
Life can be challenging in the best of circumstances, and since the pandemic, we all know how much harder certain things became for people. Isolation. Depression. Grief. Relationship challenges. Job stress, Burnout and Trauma. These stressors can be overwhelming for anyone. My therapeutic approach is flexible based on the needs of my clients. I frequently draw on clinical techniques from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Attachment Therapy. I am also committed to helping couples navigate relationship difficulties using DBT and components of Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Gottman.
Life can be challenging in the best of circumstances, and since the pandemic, we all know how much harder certain things became for people. Isolation. Depression. Grief. Relationship challenges. Job stress, Burnout and Trauma. These stressors can be overwhelming for anyone. My therapeutic approach is flexible based on the needs of my clients. I frequently draw on clinical techniques from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Attachment Therapy. I am also committed to helping couples navigate relationship difficulties using DBT and components of Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Gottman.
(510) 901-5293 View (510) 901-5293
Photo of Rachel Greenberg, MS, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rachel Greenberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94709
Are you ready for change and personal growth? Would like to explore and experience more fulfilling relationships? People seek therapy for many reasons, often it is when they are confronted by a challenging life circumstance or interested in resolving familiar issues or breaking destructive patterns. Whatever your reason for wanting therapy at this time, chances are you would like to feel happier more of the time.
Are you ready for change and personal growth? Would like to explore and experience more fulfilling relationships? People seek therapy for many reasons, often it is when they are confronted by a challenging life circumstance or interested in resolving familiar issues or breaking destructive patterns. Whatever your reason for wanting therapy at this time, chances are you would like to feel happier more of the time.
(510) 250-3886 View (510) 250-3886
Photo of Deborah Schwing, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Deborah Schwing
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
As a therapist, my goal is to help you reclaim your sense of empowerment to approach your life with self-awareness and self-respect while strengthening your capacity to navigate life’s inherent challenges. I see my role as a supportive guide in helping you heal from painful experiences and rediscover your unique gifts and abilities to meaningfully connect with yourself, your loved ones, and your community.
As a therapist, my goal is to help you reclaim your sense of empowerment to approach your life with self-awareness and self-respect while strengthening your capacity to navigate life’s inherent challenges. I see my role as a supportive guide in helping you heal from painful experiences and rediscover your unique gifts and abilities to meaningfully connect with yourself, your loved ones, and your community.
(341) 888-7065 View (341) 888-7065
Photo of Margaret Brako, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Margaret Brako
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94709  (Online Only)
I help people as they’re making changes in their life, big and small. A significant factor in making a change is our relationship to ourselves. Unfortunately, a build-up of traumatizing or painful experiences can lead us to constantly question our abilities and self-worth. We may struggle with decision-making, seal away parts of our identity, or find ourselves trapped in cycles of anxiety and self-loathing. Of course, if we don't trust there's a safe home to come back to, trying something new or different feels very out of reach.
I help people as they’re making changes in their life, big and small. A significant factor in making a change is our relationship to ourselves. Unfortunately, a build-up of traumatizing or painful experiences can lead us to constantly question our abilities and self-worth. We may struggle with decision-making, seal away parts of our identity, or find ourselves trapped in cycles of anxiety and self-loathing. Of course, if we don't trust there's a safe home to come back to, trying something new or different feels very out of reach.
(510) 944-1043 View (510) 944-1043
Photo of Catherine Metzger, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Catherine Metzger
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
Sometimes life poses challenges or does not work out the way we hoped. At some point, everyone needs help during difficult times. Therapy can provide a safe and supportive space to foster growth, healing, and self-compassion. I love working with people of all ages. I am deeply committed to meeting you and/or your child wherever you/they are so that over time you can find more ease and clarity in your daily and inner life.
Sometimes life poses challenges or does not work out the way we hoped. At some point, everyone needs help during difficult times. Therapy can provide a safe and supportive space to foster growth, healing, and self-compassion. I love working with people of all ages. I am deeply committed to meeting you and/or your child wherever you/they are so that over time you can find more ease and clarity in your daily and inner life.
(341) 895-5774 View (341) 895-5774
Photo of Morgan Hart, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Morgan Hart
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94707
I am a compassionate, interactive, collaborative therapist who works with adult individuals, couples and parents who are facing a major life transition, relationship challenges, depression, anxiety, or self-defeating patterns of behavior. I believe in the healing power of humor and I strive to develop a frame that is profoundly supportive but also challenging, where you will feel free to express your feelings and speak your mind, with meaningful change and growth as our shared goal. My approach is trauma-informed; it integrates attachment theory, dynamic emotion focused therapy, neurobiology, systems, and relational models.
I am a compassionate, interactive, collaborative therapist who works with adult individuals, couples and parents who are facing a major life transition, relationship challenges, depression, anxiety, or self-defeating patterns of behavior. I believe in the healing power of humor and I strive to develop a frame that is profoundly supportive but also challenging, where you will feel free to express your feelings and speak your mind, with meaningful change and growth as our shared goal. My approach is trauma-informed; it integrates attachment theory, dynamic emotion focused therapy, neurobiology, systems, and relational models.
(323) 703-5189 View (323) 703-5189
Photo of Dr. Susan Wilde, PsyD
Dr. Susan Wilde
PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704
I am bilingual in Spanish, and offer therapy for individual adults, couples, families, teens, and children 6 and older. My specialties include trauma, interpersonal violence (IPV), and loss, especially for human beings who have experienced displacement and/migration. I offer services for expecting and new mothers to aid in the transitions and attachment issues that arise. Also I am interested in bridging periods in human development. I embrace a culturally humble stance, and am LBGT welcoming.
I am bilingual in Spanish, and offer therapy for individual adults, couples, families, teens, and children 6 and older. My specialties include trauma, interpersonal violence (IPV), and loss, especially for human beings who have experienced displacement and/migration. I offer services for expecting and new mothers to aid in the transitions and attachment issues that arise. Also I am interested in bridging periods in human development. I embrace a culturally humble stance, and am LBGT welcoming.
(510) 401-3958 View (510) 401-3958
Photo of Terra Brigando, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Terra Brigando
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705  (Online Only)
Welcome! I'm Terra, a Registered Associate Marriage and Family Therapist. I work with adults who are experiencing anxiety, perfectionism, burn-out, negative self-talk, and those who wish to explore how their early childhood experiences are showing up in their lives today. I also enjoy working with parents and mothers, as well as couples looking to reconnect and strengthen their relationship. My goal as a therapist is to create a warm, empathetic, and judgement-free space for you to feel seen and understood on this journey of being human.
Welcome! I'm Terra, a Registered Associate Marriage and Family Therapist. I work with adults who are experiencing anxiety, perfectionism, burn-out, negative self-talk, and those who wish to explore how their early childhood experiences are showing up in their lives today. I also enjoy working with parents and mothers, as well as couples looking to reconnect and strengthen their relationship. My goal as a therapist is to create a warm, empathetic, and judgement-free space for you to feel seen and understood on this journey of being human.
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Photo of Melody Wright - Life by Design Therapy, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Life by Design Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704
When life gets rough, it's important to know there are safe and supportive spaces you can turn to for support. Whether you're seeking real relief from anxiety or depression, needing help establishing better boundaries, questioning your identity, sexuality, or personal relationships or just having trouble managing the day-to-day, we can help. At Life by Design Therapy we believe change is possible for you. We offer holistic and somatic therapy to support you in navigating life's challenges without having to dismiss, avoid, or disconnect from what you truly want. It's time to live life on your own terms and Create A Life You Love!
When life gets rough, it's important to know there are safe and supportive spaces you can turn to for support. Whether you're seeking real relief from anxiety or depression, needing help establishing better boundaries, questioning your identity, sexuality, or personal relationships or just having trouble managing the day-to-day, we can help. At Life by Design Therapy we believe change is possible for you. We offer holistic and somatic therapy to support you in navigating life's challenges without having to dismiss, avoid, or disconnect from what you truly want. It's time to live life on your own terms and Create A Life You Love!
(510) 422-0349 View (510) 422-0349
Photo of Dr. Emily R Harrington - Health Psychology Center, Dr. Emily Harrington, Psychologist
Health Psychology Center, Dr. Emily Harrington
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
Managing a chronic medical condition for your child, teen, or yourself can be physically and emotionally exhausting for both you and them. You don't have to navigate this alone. Health Psychology Center, Inc. offers wellness-focused psychotherapy and evidence-based techniques for managing chronic health challenges, for ages 8 through adult.
Managing a chronic medical condition for your child, teen, or yourself can be physically and emotionally exhausting for both you and them. You don't have to navigate this alone. Health Psychology Center, Inc. offers wellness-focused psychotherapy and evidence-based techniques for managing chronic health challenges, for ages 8 through adult.
(510) 380-7139 View (510) 380-7139
Photo of Nicki Koethner, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nicki Koethner
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705
Are you anxious, depressed and tired? Are you feeling emotional for no reason? Feeling disoriented and lonely? Questioning everything in your life? I help people to deeply listen inside and let their choices be based on what is true for them. While pain and emotions are part of being human, suffering can be minimized by allowing what is inside of us to be expressed and find acceptance in our experiences. I support you to move through trauma, anxiety, anger and depression to empowerment. Stress-management is part of the work and looking at communication with ourselves and others to have fulfilling relationships.
Are you anxious, depressed and tired? Are you feeling emotional for no reason? Feeling disoriented and lonely? Questioning everything in your life? I help people to deeply listen inside and let their choices be based on what is true for them. While pain and emotions are part of being human, suffering can be minimized by allowing what is inside of us to be expressed and find acceptance in our experiences. I support you to move through trauma, anxiety, anger and depression to empowerment. Stress-management is part of the work and looking at communication with ourselves and others to have fulfilling relationships.
(510) 606-9884 View (510) 606-9884
Photo of Pujita Latchman, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pujita Latchman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94704
For over 12 years I have supported motivated adults & teens in resolving depression, anxiety & chronic pain, and healing relational dynamics linked to trauma with somatic mindfulness, EMDR, Brainspotting, and parts work. As a first generation multicultural therapist, providing culturally attuned therapy that welcomes all parts of your diverse identity is at the crux of my practice. (BIPOC, LGBTQi ally) Holding the role of an informed guide I will support you in unearthing your truth & unwinding old conditioned patterns and pain. My role will dance between being intentionally structured and holding sacred space as needed.
For over 12 years I have supported motivated adults & teens in resolving depression, anxiety & chronic pain, and healing relational dynamics linked to trauma with somatic mindfulness, EMDR, Brainspotting, and parts work. As a first generation multicultural therapist, providing culturally attuned therapy that welcomes all parts of your diverse identity is at the crux of my practice. (BIPOC, LGBTQi ally) Holding the role of an informed guide I will support you in unearthing your truth & unwinding old conditioned patterns and pain. My role will dance between being intentionally structured and holding sacred space as needed.
(341) 999-2456 View (341) 999-2456
Photo of Sarah Brandell, PsyD, Psychologist
Sarah Brandell
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
I’m a clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience helping people move forward from difficult life experiences by enhancing trust and intimacy in their relationships. I take an active, collaborative approach that is grounded in heart, humility, and evidence-based practice. Our work will restore trust in yourself, and ease with those most important to you.
I’m a clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience helping people move forward from difficult life experiences by enhancing trust and intimacy in their relationships. I take an active, collaborative approach that is grounded in heart, humility, and evidence-based practice. Our work will restore trust in yourself, and ease with those most important to you.
(341) 217-3879 View (341) 217-3879
Photo of Katie Mason, LCSW, KAP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katie Mason
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, KAP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94702
Many of my clients are high achievers, yet feeling overwhelmed by anxiety or depression. They are looking for something different, that will help give them new insights and hope. I provide therapy for teens, young adults, parents and those interested in Ketamine-Assisted Therapy (KAP). I support people in gaining new insights, trying new ways of being, and developing skills that will leave you feeling empowered.
Many of my clients are high achievers, yet feeling overwhelmed by anxiety or depression. They are looking for something different, that will help give them new insights and hope. I provide therapy for teens, young adults, parents and those interested in Ketamine-Assisted Therapy (KAP). I support people in gaining new insights, trying new ways of being, and developing skills that will leave you feeling empowered.
(510) 681-0175 View (510) 681-0175
Photo of Caitlin Finnell, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Caitlin Finnell
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
While I work with a diversity of people, I specialize in working with LGBTQ individuals, couples and youth. As a Marriage and Family psychotherapist, I seek to help my clients find their way through the hardships that life can bring. I believe in the healing power of the therapeutic relationship as well as each individual having the power to heal themselves. I believe in a strength based, solution focused approach to therapy and work with my clients to not only overcome their current circumstances but to also develop tools and strategies that they can use moving forward in their lives.
While I work with a diversity of people, I specialize in working with LGBTQ individuals, couples and youth. As a Marriage and Family psychotherapist, I seek to help my clients find their way through the hardships that life can bring. I believe in the healing power of the therapeutic relationship as well as each individual having the power to heal themselves. I believe in a strength based, solution focused approach to therapy and work with my clients to not only overcome their current circumstances but to also develop tools and strategies that they can use moving forward in their lives.
(415) 630-6595 View (415) 630-6595
Photo of Zoe Machado, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Zoe Machado
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94710
My approach aims to celebrate and encourage open exploration of the self while identifying achievable, concrete goals. The essence of my work is informed by DBT philosophies of balancing acceptance and change in order to build a life more worth living. I believe in the therapeutic relationship being the grounding force for healing and work very collaboratively with my clients to find that anchor. I have worked in a wide range of settings (community mental health, residential, private practice) and use these varying experiences to tailor treatment needs to the client.
My approach aims to celebrate and encourage open exploration of the self while identifying achievable, concrete goals. The essence of my work is informed by DBT philosophies of balancing acceptance and change in order to build a life more worth living. I believe in the therapeutic relationship being the grounding force for healing and work very collaboratively with my clients to find that anchor. I have worked in a wide range of settings (community mental health, residential, private practice) and use these varying experiences to tailor treatment needs to the client.
(650) 750-0618 View (650) 750-0618
Photo of Ritu Sood - Ritu Sood - Center For Mindful Psychotherapy, AMFT
Ritu Sood - Center For Mindful Psychotherapy
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, AMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94705
I offer a safe and compassionate space for individuals and couples in their healing process. Life can get difficult sometimes as we try to juggle the demands of the external world while finding internal balance and harmony. We can carry the pain inflicted on us due to circumstances, or by others. And sometimes it is just a feeling of wanting something more from life than what seems feasible. These experiences can leave us feeling isolated and disconnected from our sense of aliveness, joy and creativity. I support my clients on their journey towards creating a more satisfying life that feels wholesome both internally and externally.
I offer a safe and compassionate space for individuals and couples in their healing process. Life can get difficult sometimes as we try to juggle the demands of the external world while finding internal balance and harmony. We can carry the pain inflicted on us due to circumstances, or by others. And sometimes it is just a feeling of wanting something more from life than what seems feasible. These experiences can leave us feeling isolated and disconnected from our sense of aliveness, joy and creativity. I support my clients on their journey towards creating a more satisfying life that feels wholesome both internally and externally.
(650) 643-5101 View (650) 643-5101
Photo of Genean Jeffery-Johnson, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Genean Jeffery-Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94704  (Online Only)
Genean Jeffery, LMFT, Specializing in Family Therapy: Are you looking for support in navigating the complexities of family dynamics and fostering harmony within your home? Allow me, Genean Jeffery, LMFT, to accompany you on your journey toward understanding, growth, and healing. As a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with a strong dedication to promoting healthy families, I bring a compassionate and insightful approach to my practice.
Genean Jeffery, LMFT, Specializing in Family Therapy: Are you looking for support in navigating the complexities of family dynamics and fostering harmony within your home? Allow me, Genean Jeffery, LMFT, to accompany you on your journey toward understanding, growth, and healing. As a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) with a strong dedication to promoting healthy families, I bring a compassionate and insightful approach to my practice.
(510) 892-4259 View (510) 892-4259
Photo of Ariana Heller, PsyD, MA, MAEd, Psychologist
Ariana Heller
Psychologist, PsyD, MA, MAEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94705
I offer you an open space in which together we can explore and understand difficult feelings and thoughts. Through this collaborative process you will have the opportunity to deepen your understanding of yourself, allow your emotions to be processed, and work through uncomfortable/ difficult feelings. As a result, life becomes easier to navigate and more meaningful. Like any relationship, it has to feel right to you. What I bring to the relationship is my warmth, curiosity, compassion, honesty, years of expertise, and the ability to dive deep into issues without judgment leading to long-term change.
I offer you an open space in which together we can explore and understand difficult feelings and thoughts. Through this collaborative process you will have the opportunity to deepen your understanding of yourself, allow your emotions to be processed, and work through uncomfortable/ difficult feelings. As a result, life becomes easier to navigate and more meaningful. Like any relationship, it has to feel right to you. What I bring to the relationship is my warmth, curiosity, compassion, honesty, years of expertise, and the ability to dive deep into issues without judgment leading to long-term change.
(510) 757-1536 View (510) 757-1536
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Berkeley, CA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$195

Therapists in Berkeley, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
84% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Grief
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

53% Aetna
43% Cigna and Evernorth
37% Other

How Therapists in Berkeley, CA see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Berkeley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.