Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Fei Yi, Psychologist, PhD, LP
Fei Yi
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Online Only
Dr. Fei Yi is accepting new clients with Lyra. If you're seeking a Chinese/English speaking therapist specializing in complex PTSD and family relationships, you’re in the right place. With over 10 years of clinical experience, Dr. Yi, a licensed psychologist in California, helps with anxiety, depression, trauma, work stress, social skills, marriage/family conflict, and LGBTQ+ concerns. She offers evidence-based psychotherapy to adults, couples, and families, combining Western and Eastern wisdom for holistic, providing compassionate listening and immediate, actionable feedback. Email Dr. Yi now for a free 15-minute consultation.
Dr. Fei Yi is accepting new clients with Lyra. If you're seeking a Chinese/English speaking therapist specializing in complex PTSD and family relationships, you’re in the right place. With over 10 years of clinical experience, Dr. Yi, a licensed psychologist in California, helps with anxiety, depression, trauma, work stress, social skills, marriage/family conflict, and LGBTQ+ concerns. She offers evidence-based psychotherapy to adults, couples, and families, combining Western and Eastern wisdom for holistic, providing compassionate listening and immediate, actionable feedback. Email Dr. Yi now for a free 15-minute consultation.
(415) 549-9151 View (415) 549-9151
Photo of Vincent Rozalski - Vincent Rozalski, Ph.D., Psychologist, PhD
Vincent Rozalski, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
I specialize in focused treatment for individuals who are suffering from the after effects of trauma and other stressful events. I have worked with people who've experienced a variety of terrible events, such as combat, accidents, abuse, sexual assaults, and near death experiences. After such events, it is common to experience a variety of problems, including PTSD, guilt, shame, anger, depression, anxiety, substance use, or emotional dysregulation. If you are experiencing any of these problems, I can help. I also offer psychedelic assisted therapy, including integration of ketamine or other psychedelic medicines.
I specialize in focused treatment for individuals who are suffering from the after effects of trauma and other stressful events. I have worked with people who've experienced a variety of terrible events, such as combat, accidents, abuse, sexual assaults, and near death experiences. After such events, it is common to experience a variety of problems, including PTSD, guilt, shame, anger, depression, anxiety, substance use, or emotional dysregulation. If you are experiencing any of these problems, I can help. I also offer psychedelic assisted therapy, including integration of ketamine or other psychedelic medicines.
(925) 403-4551 View (925) 403-4551
Photo of Peter Chechele, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Peter Chechele
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC
Online Only
As a very engaged and empathic therapist, I work with my clients to discover what they are wanting to achieve in therapy and what they've already tried that hasn't worked. Then together we come up with a strategy to work through where they might be stuck and construct a path forward. A combination of insight and values driven action typically leads to improvement for the conditions they present with.
As a very engaged and empathic therapist, I work with my clients to discover what they are wanting to achieve in therapy and what they've already tried that hasn't worked. Then together we come up with a strategy to work through where they might be stuck and construct a path forward. A combination of insight and values driven action typically leads to improvement for the conditions they present with.
(310) 356-9420 View (310) 356-9420
Photo of Natalie Collins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Natalie Collins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Beginning psychotherapy is a vulnerable and courageous endeavor and I am inspired by my clients' resilience and growth over the course of therapy. I work best with individuals who are willing to look inward to determine what is not working and explore how they would like to live life more fully. I enjoy helping people overcome their perceived limitations, navigate difficult life transitions and find a place of strength and healing.
Beginning psychotherapy is a vulnerable and courageous endeavor and I am inspired by my clients' resilience and growth over the course of therapy. I work best with individuals who are willing to look inward to determine what is not working and explore how they would like to live life more fully. I enjoy helping people overcome their perceived limitations, navigate difficult life transitions and find a place of strength and healing.
(510) 692-4914 View (510) 692-4914
Photo of Ben Fletcher, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Ben Fletcher
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
I hope you find a good therapist who fits what you are looking for. I am somatically oriented which means I work from the perspective of the body. We will practice getting more in touch with how you form your own experience and how to self influence in a more robust way. We will also practice grounding your sense of well being in yourself rather than outside yourself in the unreliable world. As a former collegiate athletic coach I am practiced at communicating this work in a simple and easy to understand way. Please reach out to me if you are interested in building a strong foundation from which to grow.
I hope you find a good therapist who fits what you are looking for. I am somatically oriented which means I work from the perspective of the body. We will practice getting more in touch with how you form your own experience and how to self influence in a more robust way. We will also practice grounding your sense of well being in yourself rather than outside yourself in the unreliable world. As a former collegiate athletic coach I am practiced at communicating this work in a simple and easy to understand way. Please reach out to me if you are interested in building a strong foundation from which to grow.
(415) 493-8765 View (415) 493-8765
Photo of Kale Woods, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Kale Woods
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
I am Kalé Woods, LMFT (85539) a California licensed psychotherapist who specializes in helping clients work through past trauma’s, understanding family history, and finding solution-oriented ways to break barriers to progress. We go through this process as a team. I help guide my client’s through the process while they do the work necessary to make long term change. We will begin our process by setting goals and developing a trusting relationship. Through this relationship it is my belief that together we can accomplish the progress that you wish in therapy. I am an integrative therapist and don’t believe that one solution works for
I am Kalé Woods, LMFT (85539) a California licensed psychotherapist who specializes in helping clients work through past trauma’s, understanding family history, and finding solution-oriented ways to break barriers to progress. We go through this process as a team. I help guide my client’s through the process while they do the work necessary to make long term change. We will begin our process by setting goals and developing a trusting relationship. Through this relationship it is my belief that together we can accomplish the progress that you wish in therapy. I am an integrative therapist and don’t believe that one solution works for
(510) 560-7825 View (510) 560-7825
Photo of Jayn Rajandran - Dr. Jayn Rajandran PsyD / Jayn.Org, Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, PCC, LMFT, IO, CGE, DTS
Dr. Jayn Rajandran PsyD / Jayn.Org
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, PCC, LMFT, IO, CGE, DTS
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
Concierge therapy offered in Palo Alto, Rockridge & SF locations. You decide on the day, time, location, in-person or online. This modality is for busy professionals/students who want to graduate psychotherapy fast. Sessions are fun and focused. Most clients can graduate from therapy within 3-6 months for life transition problems. For severe trauma and mental health cases, it can a little longer. Specializing in teens, couples and individuals struggling with trauma, abuse, substances abuse, depression, anxiety, grief, suicide, trust, abandonment, severe mental health and anger.
Concierge therapy offered in Palo Alto, Rockridge & SF locations. You decide on the day, time, location, in-person or online. This modality is for busy professionals/students who want to graduate psychotherapy fast. Sessions are fun and focused. Most clients can graduate from therapy within 3-6 months for life transition problems. For severe trauma and mental health cases, it can a little longer. Specializing in teens, couples and individuals struggling with trauma, abuse, substances abuse, depression, anxiety, grief, suicide, trust, abandonment, severe mental health and anger.
(415) 237-2282 View (415) 237-2282
Photo of Max Littman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Max Littman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Clients come to me when they’re tired of feeling stuck—repeating the same patterns in relationships, feeling unseen or unfulfilled, or carrying a persistent sense of shame or self-doubt. You might look fine on the outside but feel like you’re constantly managing or hiding parts of yourself inside. Therapy with me is about helping you feel more connected to yourself, to the people in your life, and to parts of you that may have been pushed aside for a long time. I work mostly with gay and queer men and people who’ve lived through trauma, especially in childhood.
Clients come to me when they’re tired of feeling stuck—repeating the same patterns in relationships, feeling unseen or unfulfilled, or carrying a persistent sense of shame or self-doubt. You might look fine on the outside but feel like you’re constantly managing or hiding parts of yourself inside. Therapy with me is about helping you feel more connected to yourself, to the people in your life, and to parts of you that may have been pushed aside for a long time. I work mostly with gay and queer men and people who’ve lived through trauma, especially in childhood.
(415) 301-7602 View (415) 301-7602
Photo of Julianne Jacobs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Julianne Jacobs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Oakland, CA 94612
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker providing telehealth in California and Vermont. I value asking questions from a place of real curiosity and making sure our work is truly helpful for you. I hold the radical belief that problems are problems and people are not problems. My values in action look like approaching therapy with humor and creativity, incorporating written and artistic practices, and inviting others in to witness your journey.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker providing telehealth in California and Vermont. I value asking questions from a place of real curiosity and making sure our work is truly helpful for you. I hold the radical belief that problems are problems and people are not problems. My values in action look like approaching therapy with humor and creativity, incorporating written and artistic practices, and inviting others in to witness your journey.
(510) 800-8169 View (510) 800-8169
Photo of Roni Khol, Psychologist, PsyD
Roni Khol
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
Hi, I'm Roni. I specialize in helping people heal from narcissistic abuse, trauma, and perfectionism. Many of my clients come from backgrounds that predispose them to these problems - such as having a parent with a substance use problem, being the oldest sibling in a high-need family, or coming from an immigrant household. These environments teach you to grow up quickly and to prioritize the needs of others over yourself. Later in life, the self-sufficiency that was a strength in childhood can become a barrier to fulfilling relationships. No one taught you skills like saying no, setting boundaries, and reaching out for support.
Hi, I'm Roni. I specialize in helping people heal from narcissistic abuse, trauma, and perfectionism. Many of my clients come from backgrounds that predispose them to these problems - such as having a parent with a substance use problem, being the oldest sibling in a high-need family, or coming from an immigrant household. These environments teach you to grow up quickly and to prioritize the needs of others over yourself. Later in life, the self-sufficiency that was a strength in childhood can become a barrier to fulfilling relationships. No one taught you skills like saying no, setting boundaries, and reaching out for support.
(510) 756-3084 View (510) 756-3084
Photo of Tina Bollendorf, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Tina Bollendorf
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Online Only
Are you feeling stuck in your life? Do you struggle to have meaningful relationships? Are you dissatisfied with your choices and finally tired of limiting yourself? Therapy is a practice for change. I understand the limits of depression, anxiety, addiction, and chronic negativity. Our work together will help you better understand the process of change and what limits your ability to change. Together we will create a treatment plan for success, allowing you to take the steps necessary to create a satisfying life.
Are you feeling stuck in your life? Do you struggle to have meaningful relationships? Are you dissatisfied with your choices and finally tired of limiting yourself? Therapy is a practice for change. I understand the limits of depression, anxiety, addiction, and chronic negativity. Our work together will help you better understand the process of change and what limits your ability to change. Together we will create a treatment plan for success, allowing you to take the steps necessary to create a satisfying life.
(510) 662-0323 View (510) 662-0323
Photo of Lawanda Jackson - Lawanda Jackson With Light Heart Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Lawanda Jackson With Light Heart Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
3 Endorsed
Online Only
On the outside, you’re a professional woman of color who has her life “together”. But on the inside you feel burnt out, anxious, & isolated. You prioritize your job, your family, & your friends above yourself. At the end of the day there’s nothing left for you. No matter how much you’ve accomplished in your life, & how much you give to others you feel like you’re not enough. You’re actually your own worst critic. Deep down you want to believe you’re enough. You want to feel more connected to your own needs & desires. You also want to heal the thoughts, feelings, & beliefs that get in the way of your happiness & peace of mind.
On the outside, you’re a professional woman of color who has her life “together”. But on the inside you feel burnt out, anxious, & isolated. You prioritize your job, your family, & your friends above yourself. At the end of the day there’s nothing left for you. No matter how much you’ve accomplished in your life, & how much you give to others you feel like you’re not enough. You’re actually your own worst critic. Deep down you want to believe you’re enough. You want to feel more connected to your own needs & desires. You also want to heal the thoughts, feelings, & beliefs that get in the way of your happiness & peace of mind.
(707) 895-8619 View (707) 895-8619
Photo of Cat Maness - Queer Crip Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Queer Crip Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
I am a queer, disabled, cis woman of white and indigenous descent, well-versed in the nuances of navigating life with a disability. Often, nondisabled therapists either overemphasize or underplay its impact. In our sessions, we'll find the right balance for you, focusing on what truly matters—whether that's disability, queer issues, or other areas of your life. You’ll have a supportive space to discuss any topic without needing to first educate your therapist about your disabled and queer identities, ensuring our time is focused on your growth and well-being.
I am a queer, disabled, cis woman of white and indigenous descent, well-versed in the nuances of navigating life with a disability. Often, nondisabled therapists either overemphasize or underplay its impact. In our sessions, we'll find the right balance for you, focusing on what truly matters—whether that's disability, queer issues, or other areas of your life. You’ll have a supportive space to discuss any topic without needing to first educate your therapist about your disabled and queer identities, ensuring our time is focused on your growth and well-being.
(510) 603-6889 View (510) 603-6889
Photo of Dr. Renata Way, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Renata Way
Psychologist, PsyD
Oakland, CA 94610
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with many years of experience working with children, adolescents, and their families, as well as adults. My interventions are heavily rooted in behavioral therapy and evidence-based practices including feminist and attachment theories. However, I tend to conceptualize clinical presentations from a multicultural and social justice perspective. While I employ empirically validated treatments to ignite change, I am also of the belief that there is no single story to any individual. Consequently, it is important to understand the social, cultural, political, and spiritual context of each individual.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with many years of experience working with children, adolescents, and their families, as well as adults. My interventions are heavily rooted in behavioral therapy and evidence-based practices including feminist and attachment theories. However, I tend to conceptualize clinical presentations from a multicultural and social justice perspective. While I employ empirically validated treatments to ignite change, I am also of the belief that there is no single story to any individual. Consequently, it is important to understand the social, cultural, political, and spiritual context of each individual.
(510) 369-1988 View (510) 369-1988
Photo of Neal Hailey, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Neal Hailey
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
3 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94611
As a therapist, I am here to witness and support your process of transformation and growth. A large part of the benefit of therapy comes from your experience of the therapeutic relationship, for this reason I always strive to nurture, and explore this relationship with you through honest, open, and straightforward communication.
As a therapist, I am here to witness and support your process of transformation and growth. A large part of the benefit of therapy comes from your experience of the therapeutic relationship, for this reason I always strive to nurture, and explore this relationship with you through honest, open, and straightforward communication.
(415) 938-7051 View (415) 938-7051
Photo of Mark Abelson, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Mark Abelson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
Whether it's managing a short-term challenge or dealing with a chronic struggle, fear, worry, and feelings of shame can hold an outsized presence in our lives. I work with clients who experience overwhelming anxiety, anger, and depression to build more resilient, rewarding, and value-driven lives. My areas of practice include preteens and high school students, individuals with Borderline Personality and Bipolar Disorder, people on the autism spectrum, and mood disorders that impact anxiety, depression, and sleep.
Whether it's managing a short-term challenge or dealing with a chronic struggle, fear, worry, and feelings of shame can hold an outsized presence in our lives. I work with clients who experience overwhelming anxiety, anger, and depression to build more resilient, rewarding, and value-driven lives. My areas of practice include preteens and high school students, individuals with Borderline Personality and Bipolar Disorder, people on the autism spectrum, and mood disorders that impact anxiety, depression, and sleep.
(510) 779-9902 View (510) 779-9902
Photo of Frankie Phipps, Pre-Licensed Professional, APCC, MA
Frankie Phipps
Pre-Licensed Professional, APCC, MA
Online Only
Counseling, to me, is a collaborative space where clients are empowered to explore, find their own path, and work towards their goals. I’m a queer, neurodiverse counselor, and while I am especially passionate about discussing gender, sexuality, and neurodiversity with clients, I enjoy working on a variety of concerns with clients of any identity or experience. Therapy with me often includes building self-awareness, learning and practicing validation, and challenging oneself to make desired changes at a realistic pace.
Counseling, to me, is a collaborative space where clients are empowered to explore, find their own path, and work towards their goals. I’m a queer, neurodiverse counselor, and while I am especially passionate about discussing gender, sexuality, and neurodiversity with clients, I enjoy working on a variety of concerns with clients of any identity or experience. Therapy with me often includes building self-awareness, learning and practicing validation, and challenging oneself to make desired changes at a realistic pace.
Photo of Maudisa Meroe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Maudisa Meroe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Live your truth. Follow your bliss. Do you. Sounds simple, right? Except that, all too often, we convince ourselves that who we are is not enough, that what we want is undeserved. So we stifle our talents, ignore our truth and deny our deepest desires. Before we know it, we’re living someone else’s life, satisfying everyone’s expectations but our own. All to earn the love and acceptance we don’t feel worthy of otherwise. But it doesn’t have to be this way.
Live your truth. Follow your bliss. Do you. Sounds simple, right? Except that, all too often, we convince ourselves that who we are is not enough, that what we want is undeserved. So we stifle our talents, ignore our truth and deny our deepest desires. Before we know it, we’re living someone else’s life, satisfying everyone’s expectations but our own. All to earn the love and acceptance we don’t feel worthy of otherwise. But it doesn’t have to be this way.
(323) 274-2718 View (323) 274-2718
Photo of Ashley Coyle, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Ashley Coyle
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Online Only
My approach to therapy is collaborative and begins with building a safe therapeutic relationship. Respect and acceptance of my clients’ experiences and identities are central tenets of my practice. Our work together is a place to unlearn and shed those things which may not suit your growth; where you can be both held and challenged with care and compassion. I welcome clients from all racial, ethnic, religious and national backgrounds, social and economic classes, gender expressions, and sexual orientations/identities.
My approach to therapy is collaborative and begins with building a safe therapeutic relationship. Respect and acceptance of my clients’ experiences and identities are central tenets of my practice. Our work together is a place to unlearn and shed those things which may not suit your growth; where you can be both held and challenged with care and compassion. I welcome clients from all racial, ethnic, religious and national backgrounds, social and economic classes, gender expressions, and sexual orientations/identities.
(415) 993-9289 View (415) 993-9289
Photo of Scott Alvarez, Psychologist, PhD
Scott Alvarez
Psychologist, PhD
Oakland, CA 94618
What ails? The folks searching these pages are ultimately looking to find relief from emotional conflict or symptomatic behavior. The source might be an internal struggle with anxiety or depression, a relationship impasse, a life transition regarding career or aging, early childhood trauma, substance use, or a recent traumatic event. Maybe your tried and true coping strategies have failed or you’ve exhausted all attempts to overcome your distress without outside help. You look here to find a different way to alleviate the pain whether recent or long standing. I welcome your interest in my way of helping you find a different way.
What ails? The folks searching these pages are ultimately looking to find relief from emotional conflict or symptomatic behavior. The source might be an internal struggle with anxiety or depression, a relationship impasse, a life transition regarding career or aging, early childhood trauma, substance use, or a recent traumatic event. Maybe your tried and true coping strategies have failed or you’ve exhausted all attempts to overcome your distress without outside help. You look here to find a different way to alleviate the pain whether recent or long standing. I welcome your interest in my way of helping you find a different way.
(510) 654-1881 View (510) 654-1881

See more therapy options for Oakland

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$190

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Self Esteem
67% Grief
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% Aetna
57% Other
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
21% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.