Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Bay Area Center for Adolescents, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Bay Area Center for Adolescents
Psychologist
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123
We at the Bay Area Center for Adolescents understand that adolescence can be a difficult time for preteens, teens, young adults, and parents. On the one hand, adolescents are learning to manage life on their own and wanting more independence, but on the other hand, they may not be prepared for the responsibilities of life or realizing the consequences of their actions. We work with adolescents and their families to navigate this difficult time while helping adolescents to become independent, but still maintain the relationship with family. The Bay Area Center for Adolescents is a group of providers who all know how to connect with adolescents and their families and provide effective therapy.
We at the Bay Area Center for Adolescents understand that adolescence can be a difficult time for preteens, teens, young adults, and parents. On the one hand, adolescents are learning to manage life on their own and wanting more independence, but on the other hand, they may not be prepared for the responsibilities of life or realizing the consequences of their actions. We work with adolescents and their families to navigate this difficult time while helping adolescents to become independent, but still maintain the relationship with family. The Bay Area Center for Adolescents is a group of providers who all know how to connect with adolescents and their families and provide effective therapy.
(415) 594-4958 View (415) 594-4958
Photo of David Guarnieri, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
David Guarnieri
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
Whether you're seeking therapy to address a specific concern or simply to engage in a personal exploration, the therapeutic process can help increase insight, decrease anxiety and painful emotions, identify healthier coping strategies, and deepen relationships. Since finding the right therapist can be a challenging process, I encourage you to check out my website for additional information to help determine how I may be a good fit for your needs. Together, we will work to identify and nurture your personal strengths, equipping you with coping resources that empower you to navigate the challenges of daily life and relationships.
Whether you're seeking therapy to address a specific concern or simply to engage in a personal exploration, the therapeutic process can help increase insight, decrease anxiety and painful emotions, identify healthier coping strategies, and deepen relationships. Since finding the right therapist can be a challenging process, I encourage you to check out my website for additional information to help determine how I may be a good fit for your needs. Together, we will work to identify and nurture your personal strengths, equipping you with coping resources that empower you to navigate the challenges of daily life and relationships.
(628) 266-2115 View (628) 266-2115
Photo of Stacey Mcguirl, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Stacey Mcguirl
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
Therapy provides a space to speak freely and be heard with care that can provide a person with more internal space for lived experience, emotion, thought and desire. In psychotherapy, you can express your thoughts and feelings and gain insight into the unconscious sources of your conflicts. With warmth and curiosity, I will provide an attentive ear and a thoughtful mind.
Therapy provides a space to speak freely and be heard with care that can provide a person with more internal space for lived experience, emotion, thought and desire. In psychotherapy, you can express your thoughts and feelings and gain insight into the unconscious sources of your conflicts. With warmth and curiosity, I will provide an attentive ear and a thoughtful mind.
(415) 742-2915 View (415) 742-2915
Photo of Rachel Plasencia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Rachel Plasencia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I became a therapist because I enjoy connecting with people and honoring their story. My goal is to create a safe and non-judgmental space to provide support as we explore better ways of coping, strategies to manage stress, and improve communication. Through reflection we are able to set goals and problem solve together as we increase insight and awareness of your experience. Together we can work to find an improved life balance, satisfaction and greater sense of well-being.
I became a therapist because I enjoy connecting with people and honoring their story. My goal is to create a safe and non-judgmental space to provide support as we explore better ways of coping, strategies to manage stress, and improve communication. Through reflection we are able to set goals and problem solve together as we increase insight and awareness of your experience. Together we can work to find an improved life balance, satisfaction and greater sense of well-being.
(619) 383-2395 View (619) 383-2395
Photo of Deborah Cooper, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Deborah Cooper
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
Not accepting new clients
Being a licensed psychotherapist since 1986, I've worked with a wide variety of issues. I know that pain and suffering are inevitable in life, but being miserable is optional. With warmth and humor, I am skilled at helping clients make meaning of the suffering, while facilitating and eliciting options that lead out of it. I work with couples and individuals of different races, ethnicities, sizes, orientations, genders, and ages. Therapy is the process of examining your life as a great novel in process of being created. My job is to help you envision and shape the next chapter.
Being a licensed psychotherapist since 1986, I've worked with a wide variety of issues. I know that pain and suffering are inevitable in life, but being miserable is optional. With warmth and humor, I am skilled at helping clients make meaning of the suffering, while facilitating and eliciting options that lead out of it. I work with couples and individuals of different races, ethnicities, sizes, orientations, genders, and ages. Therapy is the process of examining your life as a great novel in process of being created. My job is to help you envision and shape the next chapter.
(415) 285-6812 View (415) 285-6812
Photo of Haley Kong, Associate Clinical Social Worker in San Francisco, CA
Haley Kong
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ASW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
Your story can have a haunting past, an invisible force hindering the creation of healthy relationships and memories. Trauma, in all its forms, casts shadows on our present, displaying its effects into present symptoms like anxiety, depression and unhealthy coping mechanisms. But what if your story doesn't have to end here?
Your story can have a haunting past, an invisible force hindering the creation of healthy relationships and memories. Trauma, in all its forms, casts shadows on our present, displaying its effects into present symptoms like anxiety, depression and unhealthy coping mechanisms. But what if your story doesn't have to end here?
(415) 691-8875 View (415) 691-8875
Photo of Bridges To Mental Wellness. Lic. In Ca. and Ga., Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Francisco, CA
Bridges To Mental Wellness. Lic. In Ca. and Ga.
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, EdD, LPCC/, MFT, MS
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94112
Karimah AdisaThomas is a highly skilled and dedicated mental health professional with a wealth of experience in helping clients of all ages and backgrounds manage the challenges of life. As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, she is well-versed in a variety of evidence-based practices, including CBT, DBT, and mindfulness. She is particularly skilled in working with clients dealing with crisis and trauma, anxiety, coping skills, depression, emotional disturbance, life coaching, stress, and personality disorders. As a clinician, she begins by listening to her client's stories while providing a safe and supportive space.
Karimah AdisaThomas is a highly skilled and dedicated mental health professional with a wealth of experience in helping clients of all ages and backgrounds manage the challenges of life. As a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, she is well-versed in a variety of evidence-based practices, including CBT, DBT, and mindfulness. She is particularly skilled in working with clients dealing with crisis and trauma, anxiety, coping skills, depression, emotional disturbance, life coaching, stress, and personality disorders. As a clinician, she begins by listening to her client's stories while providing a safe and supportive space.
(628) 209-5370 View (628) 209-5370
Photo of Jennifer Chance, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Jennifer Chance
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94122  (Online Only)
Starting therapy is a tremendous gesture of hope and self-love. It can also be scary or daunting to know where to begin. Whatever is bringing you to therapy right now- a break up, a loss, the overwhelm of being highly sensitive, the gut wrenching challenges of fertility struggles, the anticipation and transitions of pregnancy- will be explored with openness, curiosity and acceptance. We all struggle in life and are not meant to do it alone. Things really do get easier when we share what is hard with others.
Starting therapy is a tremendous gesture of hope and self-love. It can also be scary or daunting to know where to begin. Whatever is bringing you to therapy right now- a break up, a loss, the overwhelm of being highly sensitive, the gut wrenching challenges of fertility struggles, the anticipation and transitions of pregnancy- will be explored with openness, curiosity and acceptance. We all struggle in life and are not meant to do it alone. Things really do get easier when we share what is hard with others.
(415) 687-3567 View (415) 687-3567
Photo of Joseph Warner, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Joseph Warner
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94116  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Joseph, and I work with teens, couples, individuals, and groups in California. I specialize in guiding individuals through a holistic exploration of their experiences, with a focus on areas such as anxiety, depression, addiction, grief, masculinity, relationship challenges, self-esteem, and motivation. In therapy, we'll untangle the threads of mind, body, spirit, society, identity, thoughts, emotions, actions, and relationships, creating unique pathways back to the core of oneself. This process offers opportunities for healing, integration, meaning-making, and the embrace of new ways to savor and thrive in life.
Hello! My name is Joseph, and I work with teens, couples, individuals, and groups in California. I specialize in guiding individuals through a holistic exploration of their experiences, with a focus on areas such as anxiety, depression, addiction, grief, masculinity, relationship challenges, self-esteem, and motivation. In therapy, we'll untangle the threads of mind, body, spirit, society, identity, thoughts, emotions, actions, and relationships, creating unique pathways back to the core of oneself. This process offers opportunities for healing, integration, meaning-making, and the embrace of new ways to savor and thrive in life.
(415) 943-0593 View (415) 943-0593
Photo of Sura Hertzberg, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Francisco, CA
Sura Hertzberg
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118
Welcome! I am a Queer, culturally Jewish, sex-positive couples and individual therapist, and I am so glad you’ve made your way here. I find passion in guiding individuals, couples/polycules, and groups to deepen their emotional, physical, and spiritual intimacy. As I see it, you are the expert on your own life. My role is to collaborate with you as you deepen into self exploration. Sometimes it is helpful to have an outside perspective to help you see things in a new and reflective way.
Welcome! I am a Queer, culturally Jewish, sex-positive couples and individual therapist, and I am so glad you’ve made your way here. I find passion in guiding individuals, couples/polycules, and groups to deepen their emotional, physical, and spiritual intimacy. As I see it, you are the expert on your own life. My role is to collaborate with you as you deepen into self exploration. Sometimes it is helpful to have an outside perspective to help you see things in a new and reflective way.
(415) 630-6769 View (415) 630-6769
Photo of Paullette Rosette, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Paullette Rosette
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
Paullette Rosette is a Licensed Mental and Family Therapist in California who has been practicing since 2018. She has a Master of Arts in Marital and Family Therapy from University of San Diego. Paullette believes it is crucial as an effective therapist to create a safe space for clients from a variety of backgrounds along with a range of needs. She can provide a variety of approaches such as CBT, DBT, and attachment-based therapy depending on the needs and goals of each client. Paullette is also flexible in not only providing individual therapy, but also family therapy and couples therapy.
Paullette Rosette is a Licensed Mental and Family Therapist in California who has been practicing since 2018. She has a Master of Arts in Marital and Family Therapy from University of San Diego. Paullette believes it is crucial as an effective therapist to create a safe space for clients from a variety of backgrounds along with a range of needs. She can provide a variety of approaches such as CBT, DBT, and attachment-based therapy depending on the needs and goals of each client. Paullette is also flexible in not only providing individual therapy, but also family therapy and couples therapy.
(628) 265-3819 View (628) 265-3819
Photo of Veronica Ghabour, Counselor in San Francisco, CA
Veronica Ghabour
Counselor, APCC
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
Mental health challenges are due to the aftereffects of traumatic experiences. Trauma can place a strain on your family, work, relationships, and even cause issues with self-worth. I specialize in trauma therapy along with treating personality disorders, depression, anxiety, ADHD, and addiction. All these disorders can look different from person to person, and that is where our therapeutic journey of empowerment and self-exploration begins. I concentrate on creating a safe space of growth and self-discovery through unconditional positive regard, emotional regulation, and guided activities.
Mental health challenges are due to the aftereffects of traumatic experiences. Trauma can place a strain on your family, work, relationships, and even cause issues with self-worth. I specialize in trauma therapy along with treating personality disorders, depression, anxiety, ADHD, and addiction. All these disorders can look different from person to person, and that is where our therapeutic journey of empowerment and self-exploration begins. I concentrate on creating a safe space of growth and self-discovery through unconditional positive regard, emotional regulation, and guided activities.
(415) 936-8843 View (415) 936-8843
Photo of Katie Cofer, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Katie Cofer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94131
My ideal client is someone who wants solutions to current life issues, but also to explore and let go of limiting beliefs and patterns. Many of them deal with depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, relationship issues, and blocked creativity. Uncovering and releasing unresolved emotions opens up space for lasting change. My Mind/Body approach integrates relational talk therapy, somatics, and expressive arts. Through these processes of self-discovery and healing, clients may feel more empowered and connected with their innate vitality and creativity.
My ideal client is someone who wants solutions to current life issues, but also to explore and let go of limiting beliefs and patterns. Many of them deal with depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, relationship issues, and blocked creativity. Uncovering and releasing unresolved emotions opens up space for lasting change. My Mind/Body approach integrates relational talk therapy, somatics, and expressive arts. Through these processes of self-discovery and healing, clients may feel more empowered and connected with their innate vitality and creativity.
(415) 742-1951 View (415) 742-1951
Photo of Judith Tripp, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Judith Tripp
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
Thirty-four years of experience have taught me what works in therapy. I utilize techniques from psychodynamic, cognitive, somatic and transpersonal approaches. I have skill and experience working with people who are anxious or depressed. I have worked successfully with people who have experienced childhood sexual abuse and people who have had difficulty in relationships. I will meet you with respect and compassion and work with you to develop a strategy for healing your wounds, disappointments and existential dilemmas. Together we will work to reveal the best of you-freed from debilitating family patterns, constraining belief systems and dysfunctional habits
Thirty-four years of experience have taught me what works in therapy. I utilize techniques from psychodynamic, cognitive, somatic and transpersonal approaches. I have skill and experience working with people who are anxious or depressed. I have worked successfully with people who have experienced childhood sexual abuse and people who have had difficulty in relationships. I will meet you with respect and compassion and work with you to develop a strategy for healing your wounds, disappointments and existential dilemmas. Together we will work to reveal the best of you-freed from debilitating family patterns, constraining belief systems and dysfunctional habits
(650) 385-8345 View (650) 385-8345
Photo of James Y Lee, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
James Y Lee
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94122  (Online Only)
My clients are high-achieving creatives or in the tech industry, working for companies such as Meta, Google, Tesla, etc… I make an effort to create a strong therapeutic relationship in a safe, encouraging and supportive environment. From that foundation we might process difficult experiences and establish healthier ways of coping based in mindfulness practices. My clients typically leave sessions feeling a greater sense of freedom with more possible choices in front of them. They are able to access their own inner wisdom, achieving a better understanding of who they are and a clearer direction in where they wish to lead their lives.
My clients are high-achieving creatives or in the tech industry, working for companies such as Meta, Google, Tesla, etc… I make an effort to create a strong therapeutic relationship in a safe, encouraging and supportive environment. From that foundation we might process difficult experiences and establish healthier ways of coping based in mindfulness practices. My clients typically leave sessions feeling a greater sense of freedom with more possible choices in front of them. They are able to access their own inner wisdom, achieving a better understanding of who they are and a clearer direction in where they wish to lead their lives.
(628) 215-4774 View (628) 215-4774
Photo of Shelby Psychotherapy , Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Shelby Psychotherapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94122  (Online Only)
Navigating life’s precious or difficult moments can be challenging for anyone, and seeking help is an important step for you to achieve fulfillment. Working with a wide range of clients, from children to adults, I lead with empathy to help my clients balance their emotions and understand what may be preventing them from realizing their full potential.
Navigating life’s precious or difficult moments can be challenging for anyone, and seeking help is an important step for you to achieve fulfillment. Working with a wide range of clients, from children to adults, I lead with empathy to help my clients balance their emotions and understand what may be preventing them from realizing their full potential.
(415) 504-3253 View (415) 504-3253
Photo of Taylor Eva Simon, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Taylor Eva Simon
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
I work with individuals who have been harmed by toxic family dynamics and are seeking their authentic self. I want to acknowledge that beginning your journey may be an intimidating prospect. Maybe you don't know what your needs are, don't feel permission to be yourself, or feel worthy of your boundaries. Perhaps you leave family interactions with conflicting feelings of guilt, anger and shame and feel powerless to change things. I'm here to support you as you re-align with your authenticity and self-expression, processing and shedding the stories of who you are that are told by people in your life that have never truly seen you.
I work with individuals who have been harmed by toxic family dynamics and are seeking their authentic self. I want to acknowledge that beginning your journey may be an intimidating prospect. Maybe you don't know what your needs are, don't feel permission to be yourself, or feel worthy of your boundaries. Perhaps you leave family interactions with conflicting feelings of guilt, anger and shame and feel powerless to change things. I'm here to support you as you re-align with your authenticity and self-expression, processing and shedding the stories of who you are that are told by people in your life that have never truly seen you.
(415) 938-5543 View (415) 938-5543
Photo of Sarah Kwan, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Sarah Kwan
Psychologist, MS, NCSP, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
I am passionate about empowering clients to live a more spirited and enlivened existence. Recognizing that we all react out of habit in challenging situations, I offer concrete practices that build the necessary skills to intervene in these habitual reactions. These skills and insights will help you make new choices and live a more engaged and fulfilling life; you will learn effective ways to communicate personal needs, listen and respond to your own values, and connect with your innate wisdom and ability to heal.
I am passionate about empowering clients to live a more spirited and enlivened existence. Recognizing that we all react out of habit in challenging situations, I offer concrete practices that build the necessary skills to intervene in these habitual reactions. These skills and insights will help you make new choices and live a more engaged and fulfilling life; you will learn effective ways to communicate personal needs, listen and respond to your own values, and connect with your innate wisdom and ability to heal.
(415) 403-2384 View (415) 403-2384
Photo of Jeremi R Hanson, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Jeremi R Hanson
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
I work with people who are: exploring their layered identities, experiencing symptoms related to anxiety and depression, exploring their relationship to substance use, codependency, or sobriety, and support my clients as they move toward recovery.
I work with people who are: exploring their layered identities, experiencing symptoms related to anxiety and depression, exploring their relationship to substance use, codependency, or sobriety, and support my clients as they move toward recovery.
(415) 319-7449 View (415) 319-7449
Photo of Renu Maria Ghira Cappelli, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Renu Maria Ghira Cappelli
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118
My psychotherapy practice aims to reveal and nurture your inner life so that you can have a more expansive experience of yourself in the world.
My psychotherapy practice aims to reveal and nurture your inner life so that you can have a more expansive experience of yourself in the world.
(628) 333-3090 View (628) 333-3090

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.