Therapists in Alameda, CA

Photo of David Borof, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
David Borof
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
My name is David Borof, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with the State of California. Providing therapy and being able to serve others is my passion. I consider providing therapy as my art, although I stay on top of the latest research and evidence-based practices. I look forward to working with you! Research shows that what is most effective in therapy is a therapeutic alliance and good rapport. My main focus is to establish a safe space to explore thoughts, feelings, and behaviors with empathy and by supporting the client's self-determination.
My name is David Borof, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with the State of California. Providing therapy and being able to serve others is my passion. I consider providing therapy as my art, although I stay on top of the latest research and evidence-based practices. I look forward to working with you! Research shows that what is most effective in therapy is a therapeutic alliance and good rapport. My main focus is to establish a safe space to explore thoughts, feelings, and behaviors with empathy and by supporting the client's self-determination.
(323) 924-3027 View (323) 924-3027
Photo of Marilyn G Marco, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Marilyn G Marco
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Alameda, CA 94501
With over 35 years of experience as an individual and family therapist in many types of settings, I view therapy as a co-created, compassionate and courageous journey into the discovery of the self. I work with individuals and couples, and particularly enjoy helping people find their true passion, gifts and sense of self. I also work with individuals who are in life transition, struggling with depression, anxiety, work stress, spiritual crisis, relationship issues, parenting issues, or any issue that is interfering with living life fully.
With over 35 years of experience as an individual and family therapist in many types of settings, I view therapy as a co-created, compassionate and courageous journey into the discovery of the self. I work with individuals and couples, and particularly enjoy helping people find their true passion, gifts and sense of self. I also work with individuals who are in life transition, struggling with depression, anxiety, work stress, spiritual crisis, relationship issues, parenting issues, or any issue that is interfering with living life fully.
(510) 864-2565 View (510) 864-2565
Photo of Tonantzin Ocampo, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Tonantzin Ocampo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
I have worked in community mental health for the past 7 years and in private practice for the last 2 years. I have found the best approach to therapy is with an open, nonjudgmental perspective, as each individual's life stressors impact them in a unique way. My goal is to build a trusting relationship and get to know my clients first, then work together to determine what might be getting in the way of their goals and create a success plan. I am a strong believer that our mind and body are intricately connected, so I focus on how our bodies respond just as equally to how our minds affect the way we think, feel, and behave.
I have worked in community mental health for the past 7 years and in private practice for the last 2 years. I have found the best approach to therapy is with an open, nonjudgmental perspective, as each individual's life stressors impact them in a unique way. My goal is to build a trusting relationship and get to know my clients first, then work together to determine what might be getting in the way of their goals and create a success plan. I am a strong believer that our mind and body are intricately connected, so I focus on how our bodies respond just as equally to how our minds affect the way we think, feel, and behave.
(415) 779-7456 View (415) 779-7456
Photo of Michelle McNeely, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Michelle McNeely
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
As a LCSW I work with a wide range of emotional and behavioral issues providing services that include both short-term solution-focused interventions and long-term psychodynamic approaches. I treat individuals ranging from children to adults in trauma, including abuse, neglect, and domestic violence. Treating individual who have Depression, Anxiety, and PTSD who are looking to obtain the needed coping skills to manage their everyday lives. I utilize treatment modalities including Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
As a LCSW I work with a wide range of emotional and behavioral issues providing services that include both short-term solution-focused interventions and long-term psychodynamic approaches. I treat individuals ranging from children to adults in trauma, including abuse, neglect, and domestic violence. Treating individual who have Depression, Anxiety, and PTSD who are looking to obtain the needed coping skills to manage their everyday lives. I utilize treatment modalities including Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
(408) 351-8478 View (408) 351-8478
Photo of Alexander Warnow - XY Counseling, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
XY Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
7 Endorsed
Alameda, CA 94501
My name is Alexander Warnow and I'm the founder of XY Counseling. At XY we work primarily with adults, teens, and couples helping them to live more fulfilling, connected lives. Often what brings someone to seek therapy is a chronic issue that has reached a crisis point: anger, depression, anxiety, self-worth, intimacy problems, communication issues and many more. Sometimes it is a recent change in one's life: infidelity, a move, or the end of a relationship. Taking the risk to ask for help is the first step on the road towards healing and growth. Our therapists include Jacob Donnelly, Stacey Klein and Walker Witte.
My name is Alexander Warnow and I'm the founder of XY Counseling. At XY we work primarily with adults, teens, and couples helping them to live more fulfilling, connected lives. Often what brings someone to seek therapy is a chronic issue that has reached a crisis point: anger, depression, anxiety, self-worth, intimacy problems, communication issues and many more. Sometimes it is a recent change in one's life: infidelity, a move, or the end of a relationship. Taking the risk to ask for help is the first step on the road towards healing and growth. Our therapists include Jacob Donnelly, Stacey Klein and Walker Witte.
(415) 403-2007 View (415) 403-2007
Photo of Marion Lisa Bayard, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, RPT-S, RST
Marion Lisa Bayard
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, RPT-S, RST
Alameda, CA 94501
Whether experiencing distress due to current life circumstances or lingering hurts and difficulties, working with a supportive therapist can help. Each individual and family has its own unique story and set of strengths and struggles. My practice consists of working with children, families and adults. I have provided services in diverse settings including schools, youth and family service organizations and substance abuse programs. I have had the honor of working with people of all ages and cultural backgrounds. I believe in working collaboratively with clients and I strive to provide a welcoming environment that promotes healing, self-acceptance and learning new skills to cope.
Whether experiencing distress due to current life circumstances or lingering hurts and difficulties, working with a supportive therapist can help. Each individual and family has its own unique story and set of strengths and struggles. My practice consists of working with children, families and adults. I have provided services in diverse settings including schools, youth and family service organizations and substance abuse programs. I have had the honor of working with people of all ages and cultural backgrounds. I believe in working collaboratively with clients and I strive to provide a welcoming environment that promotes healing, self-acceptance and learning new skills to cope.
(510) 592-6663 View (510) 592-6663
Photo of Matt Van Pelt, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Matt Van Pelt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
6 Endorsed
Alameda, CA 94501
Clarity, confidence, and connection are the key pillars that support a fulfilling life, but they can be compromised in times of stress or transition. The foundations of the past, once familiar and secure, are shaken. Anxieties encroach. Relationships are lost. Yet, I believe that despite the pain and difficulty of these phases, there is immense potential for positive change and personal growth. Helping you discover that potential is what I love most about my work.
Clarity, confidence, and connection are the key pillars that support a fulfilling life, but they can be compromised in times of stress or transition. The foundations of the past, once familiar and secure, are shaken. Anxieties encroach. Relationships are lost. Yet, I believe that despite the pain and difficulty of these phases, there is immense potential for positive change and personal growth. Helping you discover that potential is what I love most about my work.
(510) 201-5946 View (510) 201-5946
Photo of Danielle Marie Lefevre, Marriage & Family Therapist
Danielle Marie Lefevre
Marriage & Family Therapist
Online Only
I believe therapy plays an integral role in personal growth and healing, and the relationship between client and therapist is an important part of the journey. I have provided therapy to teens and adults throughout the past decade using an individualized and supportive approach. I understand that each person has different strengths, needs, and a unique story. I strive to create an environment that is safe, nonjudgmental, and compassionate. I believe in people’s ability to grow and transform when given access to the support and tools they need.
I believe therapy plays an integral role in personal growth and healing, and the relationship between client and therapist is an important part of the journey. I have provided therapy to teens and adults throughout the past decade using an individualized and supportive approach. I understand that each person has different strengths, needs, and a unique story. I strive to create an environment that is safe, nonjudgmental, and compassionate. I believe in people’s ability to grow and transform when given access to the support and tools they need.
(510) 901-5074 View (510) 901-5074
Photo of Genica Robbins, Psychologist, PsyD
Genica Robbins
Psychologist, PsyD
Alameda, CA 94501
Not accepting new clients
Making changes is challenging, but together we can work to find ways to make it more possible. If you are wanting to discover why you do what you do and why you choose the people to do it with that you do, we may work well together. I am very warm and empathic, and enjoy working with you to address the problems that you want to change without judgment.
Making changes is challenging, but together we can work to find ways to make it more possible. If you are wanting to discover why you do what you do and why you choose the people to do it with that you do, we may work well together. I am very warm and empathic, and enjoy working with you to address the problems that you want to change without judgment.
(510) 746-8097 View (510) 746-8097
Photo of Silvia R Grassetti-Kruglikov, MA, EdS, LEP
Silvia R Grassetti-Kruglikov
Verified Verified
Alameda, CA 94501
Is your child struggling at school or at home? Do they need a safe place to express their feelings and learn about themselves? I offer a combination of play, art, and talk therapy, meeting your child where they are. I worked as a school psychologist in the public schools for more than a decade, assessing children for Special Education and offering mental health support. In 2022 I went into private practice, offering counseling, consultation, and assessment.
Is your child struggling at school or at home? Do they need a safe place to express their feelings and learn about themselves? I offer a combination of play, art, and talk therapy, meeting your child where they are. I worked as a school psychologist in the public schools for more than a decade, assessing children for Special Education and offering mental health support. In 2022 I went into private practice, offering counseling, consultation, and assessment.
(510) 880-1893 View (510) 880-1893
Photo of Corina Seligman, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Corina Seligman
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Online Only
Are you wanting to have deeper connections with others? Are you feeling “lost” in knowing who you are or what you want? Maybe there is a life transition that feels overwhelming, and you don’t know how to take that first step. Is this keeping you from accessing freedom, joy, and authenticity? With a focus on poly, queer and trans individuals, relationships and families, I can help guide you from a place of “stuckness” to one where you feel intentional and in control of your life and circumstances.
Are you wanting to have deeper connections with others? Are you feeling “lost” in knowing who you are or what you want? Maybe there is a life transition that feels overwhelming, and you don’t know how to take that first step. Is this keeping you from accessing freedom, joy, and authenticity? With a focus on poly, queer and trans individuals, relationships and families, I can help guide you from a place of “stuckness” to one where you feel intentional and in control of your life and circumstances.
(510) 800-6426 View (510) 800-6426
Photo of Emily Tipper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Emily Tipper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I specialize in working with individuals who struggle with severe mental illnesses such as anxiety, ADHD, depression, PTSD, anger, identity issues, codependency, mood disorders, and substance use. I believe I have a unique approach to therapy as I utilize compassionate confrontation to streamline recovery. I am hands-on and direct, meaning I may not tell you what you want to hear but what you need to hear. I utilize multiple therapy modalities, but my favorites are Solution-focused and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as I feel these approaches help create an improved quality of life and get you to where you want to be faster.
I specialize in working with individuals who struggle with severe mental illnesses such as anxiety, ADHD, depression, PTSD, anger, identity issues, codependency, mood disorders, and substance use. I believe I have a unique approach to therapy as I utilize compassionate confrontation to streamline recovery. I am hands-on and direct, meaning I may not tell you what you want to hear but what you need to hear. I utilize multiple therapy modalities, but my favorites are Solution-focused and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as I feel these approaches help create an improved quality of life and get you to where you want to be faster.
(415) 991-4364 View (415) 991-4364
Photo of Chere Douglas, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Chere Douglas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
4 Endorsed
Alameda, CA 94501
I am a warm, collaborative therapist who enjoys working with people of all ages. My hope is to build an alliance with each person that will facilitate personal growth and increased satisfaction with their own lives and in relationships. I employ an eclectic mixture of: EMDR, Super Resourcing, FLASH, Ketamine Assisted Therapy, Attachment Theory, Internal Family Systems, Positive Psychology, and Mindfulness. When things seem difficult I can help brainstorm practical strategies for getting through hard times. I have a strong belief that we all know what is best for ourselves, sometimes it's just hard to envision.
I am a warm, collaborative therapist who enjoys working with people of all ages. My hope is to build an alliance with each person that will facilitate personal growth and increased satisfaction with their own lives and in relationships. I employ an eclectic mixture of: EMDR, Super Resourcing, FLASH, Ketamine Assisted Therapy, Attachment Theory, Internal Family Systems, Positive Psychology, and Mindfulness. When things seem difficult I can help brainstorm practical strategies for getting through hard times. I have a strong belief that we all know what is best for ourselves, sometimes it's just hard to envision.
(415) 329-5532 View (415) 329-5532
Photo of Dr. Kammy Kwok, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Kammy Kwok
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Alameda, CA 94501
Starting therapy can be scary, exciting, and bring up feelings of uncertainty. You may feel alone, stuck, have difficulty expressing your thoughts/feelings, and not know who to share these intimate and vulnerable thoughts/feelings with. An important part of having a positive therapy experience is a warm, trusting, and open therapeutic relationship. My aim is to provide this positive experience and support your overall well-being. I also speak Cantonese (廣東話) with native fluency and have experience in providing psychotherapy and parent support in Cantonese.
Starting therapy can be scary, exciting, and bring up feelings of uncertainty. You may feel alone, stuck, have difficulty expressing your thoughts/feelings, and not know who to share these intimate and vulnerable thoughts/feelings with. An important part of having a positive therapy experience is a warm, trusting, and open therapeutic relationship. My aim is to provide this positive experience and support your overall well-being. I also speak Cantonese (廣東話) with native fluency and have experience in providing psychotherapy and parent support in Cantonese.
(415) 862-3934 View (415) 862-3934
Photo of Vincent Paule, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Vincent Paule
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Congratulations on taking steps to better yourself. My name is Vincent, and I'm a licensed therapist based in California with over 20 years of experience. If you are ready for positive change, then let’s begin the journey. I've helped everyone from high school teens to older adults overcome life challenges and gain a better understanding of their situation. I bring a wealth of experience and I'm here to support you.
Congratulations on taking steps to better yourself. My name is Vincent, and I'm a licensed therapist based in California with over 20 years of experience. If you are ready for positive change, then let’s begin the journey. I've helped everyone from high school teens to older adults overcome life challenges and gain a better understanding of their situation. I bring a wealth of experience and I'm here to support you.
(510) 519-3158 View (510) 519-3158
Photo of Katie Burrill, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Katie Burrill
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
2 Endorsed
Online Only
As we navigate these seemingly endless tumultuous times, that sometimes only seem to be getting worse, having someone reliable to talk to about what we're experiencing that is outside of our immediate bubble can feel like the life boat we need to stay afloat. I can be that person for you. Together we can explore which coping strategies are working for you and which aren't, and how to get to a place that feels more stable and manageable. In our work together, you will gain insight that will help you now and in the future so that you can live your best life, even when significant challenges abound.
As we navigate these seemingly endless tumultuous times, that sometimes only seem to be getting worse, having someone reliable to talk to about what we're experiencing that is outside of our immediate bubble can feel like the life boat we need to stay afloat. I can be that person for you. Together we can explore which coping strategies are working for you and which aren't, and how to get to a place that feels more stable and manageable. In our work together, you will gain insight that will help you now and in the future so that you can live your best life, even when significant challenges abound.
(510) 629-6938 View (510) 629-6938
Photo of Kathleen Cutshall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kathleen Cutshall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Alameda, CA 94501
I work exclusively with Active Duty Military, Veterans and their partners/spouses, assisting them to navigate the impact of military life, the aftermath of combat & non-combat deployments, and the life of multiple-ongoing missions. My focus is Combat & Post Traumatic Stress, as well as what is now being referred to as "Moral Injury". Over the last 2 years, I've worked increasingly with combat & SAR aviators, and members of the Special Operation Forces (SOF) Community, co-creating custom tailored, and often unconventional interventions to match their unconventional culture and personalities.
I work exclusively with Active Duty Military, Veterans and their partners/spouses, assisting them to navigate the impact of military life, the aftermath of combat & non-combat deployments, and the life of multiple-ongoing missions. My focus is Combat & Post Traumatic Stress, as well as what is now being referred to as "Moral Injury". Over the last 2 years, I've worked increasingly with combat & SAR aviators, and members of the Special Operation Forces (SOF) Community, co-creating custom tailored, and often unconventional interventions to match their unconventional culture and personalities.
(510) 610-5295 View (510) 610-5295
Photo of Amy Hester, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Amy Hester
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Alameda, CA 94501
My clinical approach to working with teen and adult clients is to provide a safe as well as non-judgemental place to process difficult emotions and situations that may be hindering a healthy and balanced life. I work from a client centered and relationship based model allowing for optimal growth to shift the patterns that are causing you to feel stuck. This enables change, positivity, and renewed energy in your life. Some common reasons people seek therapy are; difficulties with peer relationships, depression, life transitions, stress, substance use, self esteem and body image, parenting, academic performance, and family conflict.
My clinical approach to working with teen and adult clients is to provide a safe as well as non-judgemental place to process difficult emotions and situations that may be hindering a healthy and balanced life. I work from a client centered and relationship based model allowing for optimal growth to shift the patterns that are causing you to feel stuck. This enables change, positivity, and renewed energy in your life. Some common reasons people seek therapy are; difficulties with peer relationships, depression, life transitions, stress, substance use, self esteem and body image, parenting, academic performance, and family conflict.
(510) 944-0795 View (510) 944-0795
Photo of Amisha Mehtani - Amisha Mehtani - California Anxiety Relief, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Amisha Mehtani - California Anxiety Relief
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Alameda, CA 94501
My name is Amisha, and I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. I enjoy helping individuals, couples, and families find joy and meaning in their lives. I utilize evidence-based modalities that bring about change by providing tools clients can use to become their own therapist. My stance is deeply empathic and curious, leaning into what happened to you rather than what is wrong with you. We will meet for 90 minutes the first time, moving to true 60-mins & 75-mins sessions thereafter. Emotional pain hurts just as deeply as physical pain. Your pain matters. You matter.
My name is Amisha, and I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. I enjoy helping individuals, couples, and families find joy and meaning in their lives. I utilize evidence-based modalities that bring about change by providing tools clients can use to become their own therapist. My stance is deeply empathic and curious, leaning into what happened to you rather than what is wrong with you. We will meet for 90 minutes the first time, moving to true 60-mins & 75-mins sessions thereafter. Emotional pain hurts just as deeply as physical pain. Your pain matters. You matter.
(510) 369-0383 View (510) 369-0383
Photo of Michael Torres, Psychologist, PsyD
Michael Torres
Psychologist, PsyD
2 Endorsed
Alameda, CA 94501
I look forward to addressing your individual needs. I specialize in treating adolescent issues of all types with a specific focus on depression and mood disorders. I also offer services for people suffering from addiction, in all its forms. I work with adolescence, adults and couples, and of course with the entire family when indicated. I am considered a technical eclectic, which means I use whatever theoretical approach I feel will work best for your situation. We will also draw from film, literature, culture and spirituality in our sessions so that we can make use of your unique personal interests.
I look forward to addressing your individual needs. I specialize in treating adolescent issues of all types with a specific focus on depression and mood disorders. I also offer services for people suffering from addiction, in all its forms. I work with adolescence, adults and couples, and of course with the entire family when indicated. I am considered a technical eclectic, which means I use whatever theoretical approach I feel will work best for your situation. We will also draw from film, literature, culture and spirituality in our sessions so that we can make use of your unique personal interests.
(510) 768-7309 View (510) 768-7309

See more therapy options for Alameda

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Alameda, CA

400+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Alameda, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Life Transitions
68% Self Esteem
67% Stress

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
64% Cigna and Evernorth
64% Other

How Therapists in Alameda, CA see their clients

57% Online Only
43% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Alameda?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.