Therapists in Austin, TX

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Photo of Kevin Carter Brown, LPC, EMDR, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kevin Carter Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78759  (Online Only)
You’ve tried doing it on your own with mixed results. Trying harder, distracting yourself, making intentions… none of it really seems to work. There always seems to be that anxious feeling, the emptiness, the persistent sense of never feeling enough. You want to feel happy, whole, vibrant and live up to the potential you know is possible. Life shouldn’t have to be so hard. And all the goodness shouldn’t feel so far away. Who you are and what life is, is so much more than what is here right now. Feeling stuck is one of the most dull, painful feelings to live with... You’re here... And now it’s time to do something about it.
You’ve tried doing it on your own with mixed results. Trying harder, distracting yourself, making intentions… none of it really seems to work. There always seems to be that anxious feeling, the emptiness, the persistent sense of never feeling enough. You want to feel happy, whole, vibrant and live up to the potential you know is possible. Life shouldn’t have to be so hard. And all the goodness shouldn’t feel so far away. Who you are and what life is, is so much more than what is here right now. Feeling stuck is one of the most dull, painful feelings to live with... You’re here... And now it’s time to do something about it.
(512) 647-2905 View (512) 647-2905
Photo of Kelli Magallon, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kelli Magallon
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78757
You deserve therapy. A space dedicated to you and your growth. Sometimes we find ourselves not feeling like anything is wrong, but more so feeling like nothing is really right. We feel stuck, isolated and like no matter how hard we try we aren't living the life we imagined. If that is you, I would love to work with you. My favorite piece of therapy is unsticking ourselves from our emotions and experiences, learning how to live in the here and now, and beginning to thrive, not just survive in our lives.
You deserve therapy. A space dedicated to you and your growth. Sometimes we find ourselves not feeling like anything is wrong, but more so feeling like nothing is really right. We feel stuck, isolated and like no matter how hard we try we aren't living the life we imagined. If that is you, I would love to work with you. My favorite piece of therapy is unsticking ourselves from our emotions and experiences, learning how to live in the here and now, and beginning to thrive, not just survive in our lives.
(737) 345-3328 View (737) 345-3328
Photo of Mia Roldan - Mia Roldan Austin Therapy PLLC, LCSW, LCDC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mia Roldan Austin Therapy PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCDC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78703
I believe at the core of every individual are the potential building blocks for resiliency. Therapy is a unique opportunity to be listened to and heard in a non-judgmental and safe environment. It is a valuable experience where you will gain insights and learn strategies to better understand your feelings, your strengths, your triggers and your goals. I am an advocate for an individual's well-being, and I honor and value the whole family unit in the therapeutic process. I provide a safe and confidential space for youth (10-18), young adults and parents.
I believe at the core of every individual are the potential building blocks for resiliency. Therapy is a unique opportunity to be listened to and heard in a non-judgmental and safe environment. It is a valuable experience where you will gain insights and learn strategies to better understand your feelings, your strengths, your triggers and your goals. I am an advocate for an individual's well-being, and I honor and value the whole family unit in the therapeutic process. I provide a safe and confidential space for youth (10-18), young adults and parents.
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Photo of Amy C Person, MS, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amy C Person
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
I specialize in empowering individual people to take charge of their lives and create the life they want to have both internally and in their relationships with the significant people in their lives.
I specialize in empowering individual people to take charge of their lives and create the life they want to have both internally and in their relationships with the significant people in their lives.
(361) 444-0344 View (361) 444-0344
Photo of Dr. Crysty Mroczenski, LPC, LCDC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Crysty Mroczenski
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78748
Not accepting new clients
I am collaborative counselor who appreciates and respects the therapeutic experience. Together, we will explore what patterns have been adding to stressors or difficulties in your life and create an effective plan so you can regain confidence and control over your life. I appreciate the challenge in trusting a therapist, and encourage you to lean into the experience. For each session, I will show up for you and be as honest as I ask you to be with yourself.
I am collaborative counselor who appreciates and respects the therapeutic experience. Together, we will explore what patterns have been adding to stressors or difficulties in your life and create an effective plan so you can regain confidence and control over your life. I appreciate the challenge in trusting a therapist, and encourage you to lean into the experience. For each session, I will show up for you and be as honest as I ask you to be with yourself.
(512) 812-9792 View (512) 812-9792
Photo of Jill S. Kivikko, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jill S. Kivikko
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759
Practical, heart-centered therapy to help individuals and couples find their way from loneliness, loss, and transition to meaning, connection and love. Are you struggling with depression, anxiety, stress, chronic health concerns, isolation, grief, or the continuing effects of past trauma?  Do you or your partner frequently feel misunderstood or alone in your relationship and need help with issues such as lack of intimacy, strained communication, or infidelity?  If you are seeking deeper meaning in life, needing support through life transitions, or seeking greater connection in your relationship, you’ve come to the right place!
Practical, heart-centered therapy to help individuals and couples find their way from loneliness, loss, and transition to meaning, connection and love. Are you struggling with depression, anxiety, stress, chronic health concerns, isolation, grief, or the continuing effects of past trauma?  Do you or your partner frequently feel misunderstood or alone in your relationship and need help with issues such as lack of intimacy, strained communication, or infidelity?  If you are seeking deeper meaning in life, needing support through life transitions, or seeking greater connection in your relationship, you’ve come to the right place!
(512) 379-5503 View (512) 379-5503
Photo of Keith E Hampton, MA, LCDC
Keith E Hampton
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78723
My goal as a counselor is to offer a safe space for you to be heard, understood, and respected. In addition to counseling and psychotherapy, I have a background in education and performing arts. I enjoy approaching your unique situation in a creative way, in order to help you to meet your goals while gaining new learning and understanding.
My goal as a counselor is to offer a safe space for you to be heard, understood, and respected. In addition to counseling and psychotherapy, I have a background in education and performing arts. I enjoy approaching your unique situation in a creative way, in order to help you to meet your goals while gaining new learning and understanding.
(512) 548-7937 x12 View (512) 548-7937 x12
Photo of Sami Cortez, MA, LPC, RPT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sami Cortez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, RPT
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759  (Online Only)
As a play therapist, not only am I passionate about working with children and teens, but also adults who would like to explore their inner child to bring creativity, joy, and playfulness back into their lives. I often use art, storytelling, metaphor, or visual aids when appropriate to facilitate growth and learning key coping skills. I have helped many clients grow and move through the lingering effects and pains of trauma or life transitions, whether recent or long buried. I can help in facilitating growth and healing after difficult and often excruciating experiences, while progressing at your pace and comfort level.
As a play therapist, not only am I passionate about working with children and teens, but also adults who would like to explore their inner child to bring creativity, joy, and playfulness back into their lives. I often use art, storytelling, metaphor, or visual aids when appropriate to facilitate growth and learning key coping skills. I have helped many clients grow and move through the lingering effects and pains of trauma or life transitions, whether recent or long buried. I can help in facilitating growth and healing after difficult and often excruciating experiences, while progressing at your pace and comfort level.
(512) 890-3120 View (512) 890-3120
Photo of Adilah Zafor, LPC, MS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Adilah Zafor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78705  (Online Only)
Like people, trauma can be individualized. I'd love to listen to any concerns like anxiety or depression that are causing you to feel stuck. Most people struggling with their mental health feel disconnected and isolated. Let's build community with one another. I understand how trauma can play a role in how we function day to day, and I believe there are many different methods to combat this, which is why I incorporate EMDR therapy to help relieve that trauma. Let's explore what a self-reliant you looks like.
Like people, trauma can be individualized. I'd love to listen to any concerns like anxiety or depression that are causing you to feel stuck. Most people struggling with their mental health feel disconnected and isolated. Let's build community with one another. I understand how trauma can play a role in how we function day to day, and I believe there are many different methods to combat this, which is why I incorporate EMDR therapy to help relieve that trauma. Let's explore what a self-reliant you looks like.
(940) 350-5828 View (940) 350-5828
Photo of Jack Reed, MAHS, LPC, MAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jack Reed
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAHS, LPC, MAC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78735
distress can take many forms, depression, excessive use of drugs and alcohol, anxiety or troubled relationships. Usually, we can make the necessary adjustments and carry on with well adjusted lives and careers. Sometimes, try as we might, things will not fall in to place; and that might be time to get some help. I offer EMDR, Hypnosis, Mindfulness and family of origin based therapies, as well as Addiction and relapse management therapies.
distress can take many forms, depression, excessive use of drugs and alcohol, anxiety or troubled relationships. Usually, we can make the necessary adjustments and carry on with well adjusted lives and careers. Sometimes, try as we might, things will not fall in to place; and that might be time to get some help. I offer EMDR, Hypnosis, Mindfulness and family of origin based therapies, as well as Addiction and relapse management therapies.
(512) 746-7289 View (512) 746-7289
Photo of Alexandria Hays, MA
Alexandria Hays
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78704  (Online Only)
You might be feeling overwhelmed by the pain of loss or struggling to find a way forward after a major life change. I want you to know that you're not alone and that with the right support, healing, and growth are possible. I fully believe in the capacity for change and understand that everyone at times is subject to the whims of a randomly cruel universe. I hope to help my clients realize that although life happens to all of us, that does not mean it has to define you. Whether you're dealing with feelings of sadness, anger, guilt, or a mix of emotions, I'm here to help you find a way to move forward with strength and resilience.
You might be feeling overwhelmed by the pain of loss or struggling to find a way forward after a major life change. I want you to know that you're not alone and that with the right support, healing, and growth are possible. I fully believe in the capacity for change and understand that everyone at times is subject to the whims of a randomly cruel universe. I hope to help my clients realize that although life happens to all of us, that does not mean it has to define you. Whether you're dealing with feelings of sadness, anger, guilt, or a mix of emotions, I'm here to help you find a way to move forward with strength and resilience.
(512) 790-7043 View (512) 790-7043
Photo of Vickie Schafer, PhD, Psychologist
Vickie Schafer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
I work with those 18 years and older with a range of struggles, including adjustment to life stressors, anxiety, depression, and ADHD. I also have experience and am passionate about working with individuals and couples (including LGBTQ+) working to build/grow their families with assisted/3rd party reproduction (IUI, IVF, donor egg/sperm, gestational surrogacy) and/or adoption. My goal is to provide support throughout the pregnancy journey, including pregnancy loss, traumatic birth, NICU support, and perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. I can also offer support for parenting challenges including sleep issues and tantrums.
I work with those 18 years and older with a range of struggles, including adjustment to life stressors, anxiety, depression, and ADHD. I also have experience and am passionate about working with individuals and couples (including LGBTQ+) working to build/grow their families with assisted/3rd party reproduction (IUI, IVF, donor egg/sperm, gestational surrogacy) and/or adoption. My goal is to provide support throughout the pregnancy journey, including pregnancy loss, traumatic birth, NICU support, and perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. I can also offer support for parenting challenges including sleep issues and tantrums.
(512) 298-2411 View (512) 298-2411
Photo of Molly Young, MA, LMFT-A, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Molly Young
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78735
Losing a loved one is one of the most difficult experiences that anyone can go through. Grieving is a natural and necessary process that helps individuals process their emotions and come to terms with their loss. However, despite its universality, grief is often misunderstood and stigmatized in society. Similar things can be said for those that have experienced trauma or who are living with chronic pain. As I have experienced all three, I have a deep appreciation for the isolation that they bring and how difficult it can be to seek (and find) compassionate and understanding help.
Losing a loved one is one of the most difficult experiences that anyone can go through. Grieving is a natural and necessary process that helps individuals process their emotions and come to terms with their loss. However, despite its universality, grief is often misunderstood and stigmatized in society. Similar things can be said for those that have experienced trauma or who are living with chronic pain. As I have experienced all three, I have a deep appreciation for the isolation that they bring and how difficult it can be to seek (and find) compassionate and understanding help.
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Photo of Jessie Lewis, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessie Lewis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78731
I naturally work from a strengths-based, client-centered perspective and feel that collaboration and rapport are key components in the therapeutic process. My goal is to help clients heal and flourish in their lives. Through deeper emotional exploration, things that seem to keep getting us "stuck" can be examined and worked through, resulting in true healing and change. In our sessions, I work with my clients in exploring thoughts, emotions, experiences, relationships, behaviors, etc. and together we work towards a healthier and happier life.
I naturally work from a strengths-based, client-centered perspective and feel that collaboration and rapport are key components in the therapeutic process. My goal is to help clients heal and flourish in their lives. Through deeper emotional exploration, things that seem to keep getting us "stuck" can be examined and worked through, resulting in true healing and change. In our sessions, I work with my clients in exploring thoughts, emotions, experiences, relationships, behaviors, etc. and together we work towards a healthier and happier life.
(512) 270-2469 View (512) 270-2469
Photo of Justin M. Hill, PhD, Psychologist
Justin M. Hill
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78738
Not accepting new clients
Experiencing anxiety, emotional pain, feeling stuck, or feeling directionless at times are all very normal human experiences. Creating a warm and trusting environment where you can feel safe, listened to, and understood is vital for me to understand how you experience your pain in your own unique way. For over ten years I have used this style of treatment to flexibly and creatively tailor components from multiple evidence-based practices, including those that are cognitive- and acceptance-based, to create a therapeutic experience that best fits each individual and their own unique needs.
Experiencing anxiety, emotional pain, feeling stuck, or feeling directionless at times are all very normal human experiences. Creating a warm and trusting environment where you can feel safe, listened to, and understood is vital for me to understand how you experience your pain in your own unique way. For over ten years I have used this style of treatment to flexibly and creatively tailor components from multiple evidence-based practices, including those that are cognitive- and acceptance-based, to create a therapeutic experience that best fits each individual and their own unique needs.
(512) 910-7637 View (512) 910-7637
Photo of Deann Acton, MFT, ATR-BC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Deann Acton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78727  (Online Only)
It would be nice to say that we could go through life without heart ache or struggle, but unfortunately no one is immune to challenges. So what do we do when life becomes overwhelming? How do we handle intense emotions? How do we create meaningful relationships in the face of conflict? As a therapist, I have worked for 25 years helping people find ways to cope with life's difficulties, make and maintain positive relationships, learn to understand their emotional reactions, and find ways to clarify their goals so that they may create a life that feels worth living.
It would be nice to say that we could go through life without heart ache or struggle, but unfortunately no one is immune to challenges. So what do we do when life becomes overwhelming? How do we handle intense emotions? How do we create meaningful relationships in the face of conflict? As a therapist, I have worked for 25 years helping people find ways to cope with life's difficulties, make and maintain positive relationships, learn to understand their emotional reactions, and find ways to clarify their goals so that they may create a life that feels worth living.
(737) 204-2085 View (737) 204-2085
Photo of Camilla Bolch, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Camilla Bolch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78745  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping children and their parents experience "less stress and more success" in their daily lives. My client-centered approach includes play-based activities, CBT, stress-management and mindfulness training. I offer therapeutic parenting support to help families reach their goals. With over 25 years of experience, I still delight in helping my clients recognize and affirm their unique strengths and find positive, creative solutions to overcome the challenges they face.
I am passionate about helping children and their parents experience "less stress and more success" in their daily lives. My client-centered approach includes play-based activities, CBT, stress-management and mindfulness training. I offer therapeutic parenting support to help families reach their goals. With over 25 years of experience, I still delight in helping my clients recognize and affirm their unique strengths and find positive, creative solutions to overcome the challenges they face.
(512) 861-8711 View (512) 861-8711
Photo of Madeline Vanek, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Madeline Vanek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78752  (Online Only)
I provide individual therapy for adults of all ages. Many of my clients struggle with depression, anxiety, perinatal mood disorders such as postpartum anxiety/depression, bipolar disorder and other serious mental illnesses, trauma, self-esteem issues, stress management, LGBTQIA issues/discrimination, life transitions, and maintaining healthy relationships. In my work, I draw from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as well as person-centered and attachment-based modalities. I can help you recognize some of your underlying problem areas, identify and utilize your strengths, and adjust your thoughts and behaviors to see things differently.
I provide individual therapy for adults of all ages. Many of my clients struggle with depression, anxiety, perinatal mood disorders such as postpartum anxiety/depression, bipolar disorder and other serious mental illnesses, trauma, self-esteem issues, stress management, LGBTQIA issues/discrimination, life transitions, and maintaining healthy relationships. In my work, I draw from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as well as person-centered and attachment-based modalities. I can help you recognize some of your underlying problem areas, identify and utilize your strengths, and adjust your thoughts and behaviors to see things differently.
(512) 523-4065 View (512) 523-4065
Photo of Sophia Wang, LPC-A, LMFT-A, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Sophia Wang
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LPC-A, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78705
I specialize in working with individuals and couples through relationship issues, dating issues, infertility, anxiety, depression, family conflict, and life transitions. Oftentimes, my clients come to therapy feeling stuck or unheard in their relationships. I provide therapy that empowers you to use tools that form new patterns of communication and build a stronger connection. Together, we gain deeper insight into the relationship dynamic and practice skills to work through conflict and increase understanding, respect, and affection.
I specialize in working with individuals and couples through relationship issues, dating issues, infertility, anxiety, depression, family conflict, and life transitions. Oftentimes, my clients come to therapy feeling stuck or unheard in their relationships. I provide therapy that empowers you to use tools that form new patterns of communication and build a stronger connection. Together, we gain deeper insight into the relationship dynamic and practice skills to work through conflict and increase understanding, respect, and affection.
(737) 250-8908 View (737) 250-8908
Photo of Amy Bernath, LMSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Amy Bernath
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78731  (Online Only)
Hi, my name is Amy and I am a Licensed Master Social Worker. I provide therapeutic services to: Youth, Teens, Young Adults, Women with Postpartum Depression, Geriatric Clients, and Adult Children. I take a client-centered approach using a combination of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy.
Hi, my name is Amy and I am a Licensed Master Social Worker. I provide therapeutic services to: Youth, Teens, Young Adults, Women with Postpartum Depression, Geriatric Clients, and Adult Children. I take a client-centered approach using a combination of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy.
(737) 345-2844 View (737) 345-2844
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Austin, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Austin, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Aetna
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
65% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Austin, TX see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Austin?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.