Therapists in Pflugerville, TX

Photo of Tracy Shaw, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , MEd, LPC
Tracy Shaw
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , MEd, LPC
2 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
You feel like you’re carrying the weight of the world on your shoulders. You’re used to being the strong responsible one—the one who holds everything together—but lately the stress, pain, and exhaustion is catching up with you. You are feeling the effects of burnout, chronic pain, a difficult transition, or wounds from the past that still echo in the present. You want relief, clarity, and a place where you can finally set the weight down for a while. Most of all, you want to feel calmer, steadier, more connected to yourself, and hopeful again.
You feel like you’re carrying the weight of the world on your shoulders. You’re used to being the strong responsible one—the one who holds everything together—but lately the stress, pain, and exhaustion is catching up with you. You are feeling the effects of burnout, chronic pain, a difficult transition, or wounds from the past that still echo in the present. You want relief, clarity, and a place where you can finally set the weight down for a while. Most of all, you want to feel calmer, steadier, more connected to yourself, and hopeful again.
(737) 371-9086 View (737) 371-9086
Photo of Juan O Cooper, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, CSC
Juan O Cooper
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, CSC
Online Only
Life is a journey filled with unexpected turns, roadblocks, and detours. My clinical focus includes working with adults who are experiencing adjustment issues, depression, and anxiety. I am especially passionate about supporting individuals and couples through major life transitions, as well as helping parents manage the unique challenges that come with raising neurotypical and neuro-divergent children in today’s world.
Life is a journey filled with unexpected turns, roadblocks, and detours. My clinical focus includes working with adults who are experiencing adjustment issues, depression, and anxiety. I am especially passionate about supporting individuals and couples through major life transitions, as well as helping parents manage the unique challenges that come with raising neurotypical and neuro-divergent children in today’s world.
(737) 278-8494 View (737) 278-8494
Photo of Lex Okeke, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-S
Lex Okeke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-S
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Can’t slow your mind down? Insecure in your own skin? Held back by a complicated past? It’s okay. You can let it all out. All Out Psychotherapy and Consultation, PLLC. was created with one thing in mind—to help you identify and accept how the pieces of your life fit together. I specialize in providing mental health care to LGBTQ+ people, women, and BIPOC who seek guidance in acknowledging the past and enjoying the present. Services are available for residents of TX, PA, ID, and WA. If this is what you would like in your therapy journey, reach out to schedule a free 15 min consultation. I look forward to meeting you.
Can’t slow your mind down? Insecure in your own skin? Held back by a complicated past? It’s okay. You can let it all out. All Out Psychotherapy and Consultation, PLLC. was created with one thing in mind—to help you identify and accept how the pieces of your life fit together. I specialize in providing mental health care to LGBTQ+ people, women, and BIPOC who seek guidance in acknowledging the past and enjoying the present. Services are available for residents of TX, PA, ID, and WA. If this is what you would like in your therapy journey, reach out to schedule a free 15 min consultation. I look forward to meeting you.
(737) 307-1531 View (737) 307-1531
Photo of Maria Borrego, Pre-Licensed Professional, LPCA
Maria Borrego
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPCA
Pflugerville, TX 78660
II am a Licensed Professional Counselor-Associate at Ampersand Counseling, a group practice offering individual, family, children/adolescent, and couples. I obtained my master’s degree in clinical mental health counseling from Texas Tech University. I am here to work with you to find meaning, courage, clarity, work on existing therapeutic goals, or help you find out what you need from therapy. We will work in a collaborative space which gives you the support and empathy needed to improve your emotional and mental well-being. I have done a lot of trauma work and I love helping clients understand that what happened to them does no
II am a Licensed Professional Counselor-Associate at Ampersand Counseling, a group practice offering individual, family, children/adolescent, and couples. I obtained my master’s degree in clinical mental health counseling from Texas Tech University. I am here to work with you to find meaning, courage, clarity, work on existing therapeutic goals, or help you find out what you need from therapy. We will work in a collaborative space which gives you the support and empathy needed to improve your emotional and mental well-being. I have done a lot of trauma work and I love helping clients understand that what happened to them does no
(737) 315-5988 View (737) 315-5988
Photo of Dwight Newell, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Dwight Newell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Pflugerville, TX 78660
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 30 years of experience in the mental health field. I have worked in outpatient, inpatient, and intensive outpatient settings to provide quality mental healthcare for those in need. I have helped individuals, families, and couples learn the steps necessary to reach their greatest level of happiness. I have worked with people of all ages who are striving to develop skills to achieve higher levels of life satisfaction. I have also supported parents in learning ways to guide their children toward greater emotional health.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with over 30 years of experience in the mental health field. I have worked in outpatient, inpatient, and intensive outpatient settings to provide quality mental healthcare for those in need. I have helped individuals, families, and couples learn the steps necessary to reach their greatest level of happiness. I have worked with people of all ages who are striving to develop skills to achieve higher levels of life satisfaction. I have also supported parents in learning ways to guide their children toward greater emotional health.
(855) 303-0225 View (855) 303-0225
Photo of Emily Ough, Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Emily Ough
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
2 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
I see therapy as something that should be tailored to each person as it is not a one-size-fits-all process. The purpose isn't to create lifelong dependence but to build skills and insight so people can eventually move forward on their own. I love helping clients through major life transitions whether that's career uncertainty, school changes, moving, or navigating cultural and family gaps. My work focuses on building clarity, self esteem, and coping skills so that they can feel more confident in experiencing change, strengthen relationships, and move forward with a stronger sense of direction.
I see therapy as something that should be tailored to each person as it is not a one-size-fits-all process. The purpose isn't to create lifelong dependence but to build skills and insight so people can eventually move forward on their own. I love helping clients through major life transitions whether that's career uncertainty, school changes, moving, or navigating cultural and family gaps. My work focuses on building clarity, self esteem, and coping skills so that they can feel more confident in experiencing change, strengthen relationships, and move forward with a stronger sense of direction.
(737) 384-8257 View (737) 384-8257
Photo of Patricia Flores, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Patricia Flores
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My ideal client is someone who feels like they’ve been carrying an emotional weight for too long—someone who is high-functioning on the outside but internally struggling with anxiety, unresolved trauma, relationship difficulties, or a deep sense of disconnection from themselves or others. They may be experiencing a major life transition, feeling overwhelmed by expectations, or questioning their identity and purpose. They come to therapy seeking relief, but what they truly want is clarity and connection.
My ideal client is someone who feels like they’ve been carrying an emotional weight for too long—someone who is high-functioning on the outside but internally struggling with anxiety, unresolved trauma, relationship difficulties, or a deep sense of disconnection from themselves or others. They may be experiencing a major life transition, feeling overwhelmed by expectations, or questioning their identity and purpose. They come to therapy seeking relief, but what they truly want is clarity and connection.
(737) 727-4632 View (737) 727-4632
Photo of Ronnette P Ballard - InSight Psychology and Behavioral Health Services, Psychologist, PsyD
InSight Psychology and Behavioral Health Services is a diverse, multidisciplinary group of providers whose primary goal is to offer services with integrity and conscientious care. Our services include psychotherapy, telehealth, psychoeducation, psychological evaluations, consulting, testing, workshops and seminars. At InSight, mental health diagnosis, assessment and treatment are carried out with professionalism, compassion and competence. We understand that health is a comprehensive state of being that is impacted by mental, physical and cultural influences. It is with this wholistic view that we approach treatment and assessment.
InSight Psychology and Behavioral Health Services is a diverse, multidisciplinary group of providers whose primary goal is to offer services with integrity and conscientious care. Our services include psychotherapy, telehealth, psychoeducation, psychological evaluations, consulting, testing, workshops and seminars. At InSight, mental health diagnosis, assessment and treatment are carried out with professionalism, compassion and competence. We understand that health is a comprehensive state of being that is impacted by mental, physical and cultural influences. It is with this wholistic view that we approach treatment and assessment.
(844) 844-1608 View (844) 844-1608
Photo of Chelsea R Robertson, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A, LCDC
Chelsea R Robertson
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPC-A, LCDC
1 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
Chelsea (she/her) is a Licensed Professional Counselor - Associate (LPC-A) and Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor (LCDC). She is passionate about self-growth, relationships, and has expertise in healing the past to balance perspective. Prior to joining Ampersand, Chelsea spent several years serving In-Patient Substance Use Disorder and Behavioral Mental Health clientele. She loves working with clients to move the puzzle pieces that are our Self into balance.
Chelsea (she/her) is a Licensed Professional Counselor - Associate (LPC-A) and Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor (LCDC). She is passionate about self-growth, relationships, and has expertise in healing the past to balance perspective. Prior to joining Ampersand, Chelsea spent several years serving In-Patient Substance Use Disorder and Behavioral Mental Health clientele. She loves working with clients to move the puzzle pieces that are our Self into balance.
(737) 688-0385 View (737) 688-0385
Photo of Toby Collins, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Toby Collins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
6 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
My counseling style is mixture of respect, honesty, and compassion. My job is not to judge, but to help. That means I bring knowledge, skills, and tools from various approaches to help you with your concerns. It does not matter what the situation, problem, or circumstance is, there is room for optimism if you seek to improve it. It takes courage to seek for a more fulfilling and happier life and to take the first steps towards a change. If you are ready to take that step I am here to support, empower, and help you.
My counseling style is mixture of respect, honesty, and compassion. My job is not to judge, but to help. That means I bring knowledge, skills, and tools from various approaches to help you with your concerns. It does not matter what the situation, problem, or circumstance is, there is room for optimism if you seek to improve it. It takes courage to seek for a more fulfilling and happier life and to take the first steps towards a change. If you are ready to take that step I am here to support, empower, and help you.
(737) 215-3810 View (737) 215-3810
Photo of Maryanne Kowalski - Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Pflugerville, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Pflugerville
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Pflugerville, TX 78660
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(855) 524-5193 View (855) 524-5193
Photo of Cindy Lee Cassell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Cindy Lee Cassell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Online Only
Do you desire to find happiness and harmony in you life? Difficult life experiences can create negative beliefs about yourself, that get stored in your unconscious. They silently destroy your mental well-being and undermine your self-confidence. Debilitating anxiety and depression can set in. You deserve to be free from the lies that keep you captive and prevent you from living your best life!
Do you desire to find happiness and harmony in you life? Difficult life experiences can create negative beliefs about yourself, that get stored in your unconscious. They silently destroy your mental well-being and undermine your self-confidence. Debilitating anxiety and depression can set in. You deserve to be free from the lies that keep you captive and prevent you from living your best life!
(512) 812-9685 View (512) 812-9685
Photo of Maryam Khoshbooii, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Maryam Khoshbooii
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
I am a licensed professional counselor (LPC) and a doctoral-level therapist (PhD). My therapeutic approach is grounded in creating a secure, empathetic environment where clients can critically examine their thoughts and emotions, fostering the development of more adaptive coping mechanisms and enhancing self-awareness.
I am a licensed professional counselor (LPC) and a doctoral-level therapist (PhD). My therapeutic approach is grounded in creating a secure, empathetic environment where clients can critically examine their thoughts and emotions, fostering the development of more adaptive coping mechanisms and enhancing self-awareness.
(346) 485-4273 View (346) 485-4273
Photo of Kelley Casey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kelley Casey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Pflugerville, TX 78660
Currently accepting new clients. I specialize in helping people think about how to improve their relationships, their emotional health and their lives. People often call because they are needing someone to think with them during a difficult season of life. They may notice unhealthy relationship patterns (disconnection, conflict, severed relationships), they may be struggling with a particular transition (transitioning to adulthood, parenting, loss), or they may be struggling to cope with some intense feelings (grief, sadness, anxiety). I would be happy to help you think about how you would like to meet the challenges you are facing.
Currently accepting new clients. I specialize in helping people think about how to improve their relationships, their emotional health and their lives. People often call because they are needing someone to think with them during a difficult season of life. They may notice unhealthy relationship patterns (disconnection, conflict, severed relationships), they may be struggling with a particular transition (transitioning to adulthood, parenting, loss), or they may be struggling to cope with some intense feelings (grief, sadness, anxiety). I would be happy to help you think about how you would like to meet the challenges you are facing.
(512) 879-9832 View (512) 879-9832
Photo of Cynthia Lee Shelton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Cynthia Lee Shelton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I bring my vast experience from being in the field for over 20 years. I am here for you. I know that seeing a therapist can be scary, but very rewarding. I believe that coming from a loving, caring place is part of the healing process. You matter. You are important. You deserve to be free from the emotional pain and struggle.
I bring my vast experience from being in the field for over 20 years. I am here for you. I know that seeing a therapist can be scary, but very rewarding. I believe that coming from a loving, caring place is part of the healing process. You matter. You are important. You deserve to be free from the emotional pain and struggle.
(512) 865-6148 View (512) 865-6148
Photo of Shawna Moss, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Shawna Moss
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
1 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
Are you having a hard time getting over something in your past? Feeling stuck? Maybe you’ve just felt “off,” not quite yourself, not the person you want to be. Sometimes you wonder what is wrong with you, why you can’t seem to relax and enjoy yourself the way other people do. There's nothing wrong with you, and I'm here to tell you: you can heal. I liken therapy to the Japanese art of Kintsugi, where they fortify broken pottery with gold to create more beautiful, precious works than the originals. Like mending cracks with gold, the healing work of therapy can transform your struggles and scars into stunning strength and resilience.
Are you having a hard time getting over something in your past? Feeling stuck? Maybe you’ve just felt “off,” not quite yourself, not the person you want to be. Sometimes you wonder what is wrong with you, why you can’t seem to relax and enjoy yourself the way other people do. There's nothing wrong with you, and I'm here to tell you: you can heal. I liken therapy to the Japanese art of Kintsugi, where they fortify broken pottery with gold to create more beautiful, precious works than the originals. Like mending cracks with gold, the healing work of therapy can transform your struggles and scars into stunning strength and resilience.
(512) 866-8234 View (512) 866-8234
Photo of Fabeain Barkwell - Ampersand Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ampersand Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
1 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
At Ampersand Counseling, we’re passionate about creating a supportive space for personal growth and mental wellness. We’re dedicated to offering individualized therapy services in-person for Central Texas and virtually across the entire state. Our clinic is a safe, judgment-free zone where ALL are welcome! Our amazing therapists provide customized, compassionate counseling services for a wide range of mental health issues, illness & disorders. Whether you're dealing with a major issue or just looking for a little guidance for yourself, your family, or your relationship, we’re here to help. Our goal is for you to flourish!
At Ampersand Counseling, we’re passionate about creating a supportive space for personal growth and mental wellness. We’re dedicated to offering individualized therapy services in-person for Central Texas and virtually across the entire state. Our clinic is a safe, judgment-free zone where ALL are welcome! Our amazing therapists provide customized, compassionate counseling services for a wide range of mental health issues, illness & disorders. Whether you're dealing with a major issue or just looking for a little guidance for yourself, your family, or your relationship, we’re here to help. Our goal is for you to flourish!
(512) 991-0760 View (512) 991-0760
Photo of Amy Cervania, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MEd, LPC-A
Amy Cervania
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MEd, LPC-A
Pflugerville, TX 78660
I am deeply committed to creating safe and supportive therapeutic environments where individuals can heal, connect, grow, and thrive. The foundation of my therapeutic work is centered on building nurturing relationships, ensuring that clients and their families feel seen, empowered, and genuinely cared for.
I am deeply committed to creating safe and supportive therapeutic environments where individuals can heal, connect, grow, and thrive. The foundation of my therapeutic work is centered on building nurturing relationships, ensuring that clients and their families feel seen, empowered, and genuinely cared for.
(737) 378-4329 View (737) 378-4329
Photo of Yousef Gaber, Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Yousef Gaber
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
Our times are full of uncertainty and tension, how can we live a more present and full life in the midst of it all? Hi, my name is Yousef and I am here to support you on your journey of well-being. I work with adults and couples dealing with Anxiety, Depression, Complex Trauma, Spiritual Stressors, and Burnout. I specialize in mindfulness approaches, and I welcome anyone who seeks to build insight and live deeply in the present moment.
Our times are full of uncertainty and tension, how can we live a more present and full life in the midst of it all? Hi, my name is Yousef and I am here to support you on your journey of well-being. I work with adults and couples dealing with Anxiety, Depression, Complex Trauma, Spiritual Stressors, and Burnout. I specialize in mindfulness approaches, and I welcome anyone who seeks to build insight and live deeply in the present moment.
(512) 991-8571 View (512) 991-8571
Photo of Heidi Waters, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
Heidi Waters
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
7 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
Life can feel overwhelming at times, whether you're navigating marriage challenges, parenting struggles, personal transitions, or the emotional toll of caregiving. Stress, exhaustion, and disconnection can leave you feeling stuck, unseen, and at odds with the people you love most. Are you longing for a stronger connection in your relationship? Feeling the weight of past hurts, unmet needs, or daily pressures? Is your home feeling chaotic? You don’t have to figure this out alone. I specialize in working with couples, individuals, and families to help restore communication, rebuild trust, and create meaningful change.
Life can feel overwhelming at times, whether you're navigating marriage challenges, parenting struggles, personal transitions, or the emotional toll of caregiving. Stress, exhaustion, and disconnection can leave you feeling stuck, unseen, and at odds with the people you love most. Are you longing for a stronger connection in your relationship? Feeling the weight of past hurts, unmet needs, or daily pressures? Is your home feeling chaotic? You don’t have to figure this out alone. I specialize in working with couples, individuals, and families to help restore communication, rebuild trust, and create meaningful change.
(737) 520-4090 View (737) 520-4090

See more therapy options for Pflugerville

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Pflugerville, TX

300+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Pflugerville, TX who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
93% Depression
76% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
71% Stress
70% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Aetna
82% Cigna and Evernorth
76% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Pflugerville, TX see their clients

58% In Person and Online
42% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Pflugerville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.