Therapists in Nashville, TN

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Photo of Kitti L Virts, Psychologist in Nashville, TN
Kitti L Virts
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37205  (Online Only)
Ideal clients are individuals who may struggle to cope with stress, anxiety, depression, relationships, or life in general, feel stuck in recurrent problematic behavioral or relationship patterns, and want to improve their life and feel at peace. We all have an innate ability to grow and heal. My primary job as a therapist is to help clients tap into that healing process and reconnect with and strengthen their natural resources, talents, and spirit so that they can become the person they want and were created to be.
Ideal clients are individuals who may struggle to cope with stress, anxiety, depression, relationships, or life in general, feel stuck in recurrent problematic behavioral or relationship patterns, and want to improve their life and feel at peace. We all have an innate ability to grow and heal. My primary job as a therapist is to help clients tap into that healing process and reconnect with and strengthen their natural resources, talents, and spirit so that they can become the person they want and were created to be.
(615) 442-7109 View (615) 442-7109
Photo of Tim Jackson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Nashville, TN
Tim Jackson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, MMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37216
Accepting New Clients! Humans thrive when they feel safe, seen, and known. That is the environment I provide individuals and couples as the foundation for our work together exploring issues like relationship challenges, grief, anxiety, and depression. My goal is to assist my clients in finding hope and strength to create healthy, meaningful, and fulfilling paths more deeply connected to themselves and their relationships.
Accepting New Clients! Humans thrive when they feel safe, seen, and known. That is the environment I provide individuals and couples as the foundation for our work together exploring issues like relationship challenges, grief, anxiety, and depression. My goal is to assist my clients in finding hope and strength to create healthy, meaningful, and fulfilling paths more deeply connected to themselves and their relationships.
(629) 218-4731 View (629) 218-4731
Photo of Troy Morrow, LPC Intern in Nashville, TN
Troy Morrow
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37206
Not accepting new clients
Counseling is a place for your authentic self to feel safe, heard, and validated. I seek to co-create a space of exploration, joy, and meaning to let your authentic self speak louder and be heard. Helping to build and expand your agency, inner peace, and self-love is at the core of my work. In the therapeutic space, you are the expert on your own life and experiences. We all find ourselves navigating complex and thoroughly unfair systems, and we all deserve to have someone journey with us through our struggles and triumphs.
Counseling is a place for your authentic self to feel safe, heard, and validated. I seek to co-create a space of exploration, joy, and meaning to let your authentic self speak louder and be heard. Helping to build and expand your agency, inner peace, and self-love is at the core of my work. In the therapeutic space, you are the expert on your own life and experiences. We all find ourselves navigating complex and thoroughly unfair systems, and we all deserve to have someone journey with us through our struggles and triumphs.
(629) 209-8211 View (629) 209-8211
Photo of Ginger Courtney, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Ginger Courtney
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37205
**Now Accepting New Clients** I see adults and adolescents who typically present with anxiety and/or depression. If I had to name just one specialty, it would be anxiety. Most people suffer some form of it at some point in their lives. When left untreated, it can lead to more severe symptoms and a whole host of diagnoses. I practice primarily Cognitive Behavioral techniques. I will talk to you about your beliefs, expectations, and how you experience the world. I'll teach you to be more accepting of yourself, so you can stop judging and reacting from created stories. I will also help you improve foundational behaviors.
**Now Accepting New Clients** I see adults and adolescents who typically present with anxiety and/or depression. If I had to name just one specialty, it would be anxiety. Most people suffer some form of it at some point in their lives. When left untreated, it can lead to more severe symptoms and a whole host of diagnoses. I practice primarily Cognitive Behavioral techniques. I will talk to you about your beliefs, expectations, and how you experience the world. I'll teach you to be more accepting of yourself, so you can stop judging and reacting from created stories. I will also help you improve foundational behaviors.
(615) 845-5120 View (615) 845-5120
Photo of Emily Simpson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Emily Simpson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, RPT-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37210
All of us can benefit from having someone walk with us through life's challenges. Reaching out takes courage. I'm passionate about building relationships with clients of all ages, rooted in developing trust and safety, to create the space and awareness to be who you were created to be. I believe we are designed to heal. Sometimes the strategies we developed to navigate the world initially helped us to survive, but they are no longer serving us, and are actually keeping us from living life fully. I journey alongside my clients as they reconnect with their true selves, rediscover hope, and step into a richer experience of life.
All of us can benefit from having someone walk with us through life's challenges. Reaching out takes courage. I'm passionate about building relationships with clients of all ages, rooted in developing trust and safety, to create the space and awareness to be who you were created to be. I believe we are designed to heal. Sometimes the strategies we developed to navigate the world initially helped us to survive, but they are no longer serving us, and are actually keeping us from living life fully. I journey alongside my clients as they reconnect with their true selves, rediscover hope, and step into a richer experience of life.
(615) 857-3890 View (615) 857-3890
Photo of In Rhythm Therapy - Jeremy Cox, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nashville, TN
In Rhythm Therapy - Jeremy Cox, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37215
Have you done all the things you were supposed to and still find yourself feeling disconnected, anxious, and filled with self-doubt? Despite your accomplishments you don’t feel the sense of fulfillment you expected. A big life change—maybe a breakup, new job, new marriage, or move—has highlighted the fact that you’re still not as happy or content as you want to be. Something is telling you that you need to make a shift (even if you’re not quite sure what it is). You’re ready to enjoy relationships that give you a sense of belonging and understanding and to feel confident in the direction your life is headed.
Have you done all the things you were supposed to and still find yourself feeling disconnected, anxious, and filled with self-doubt? Despite your accomplishments you don’t feel the sense of fulfillment you expected. A big life change—maybe a breakup, new job, new marriage, or move—has highlighted the fact that you’re still not as happy or content as you want to be. Something is telling you that you need to make a shift (even if you’re not quite sure what it is). You’re ready to enjoy relationships that give you a sense of belonging and understanding and to feel confident in the direction your life is headed.
(615) 637-3481 View (615) 637-3481
Photo of Michael Racki, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Michael Racki
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, NCC
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37221  (Online Only)
Mike is a seasoned board certified Licensed Professional Counselor with over 15 years of experience helping people reach their highest potential. He works with individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma, grief/loss, loneliness, disconnection, negative emotions & behavior patterns, work-related stress, and dysfunctional relationship patterns.
Mike is a seasoned board certified Licensed Professional Counselor with over 15 years of experience helping people reach their highest potential. He works with individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, addiction, trauma, grief/loss, loneliness, disconnection, negative emotions & behavior patterns, work-related stress, and dysfunctional relationship patterns.
(615) 395-6524 View (615) 395-6524
Photo of Chelsey Brooke Cole - Narcissistic Abuse Expert, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Nashville, TN
Chelsey Brooke Cole - Narcissistic Abuse Expert
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPC, MHSP, CPTT, RPT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203  (Online Only)
*Telehealth Only* Are you struggling to manage your anxieties about your relationships or the future? Do you feel stuck replaying situations over and over again in your head, which leads you to question yourself or feel like you're "going crazy"? Do you wish you could gain clarity, motivation, and direction? I understand how frustrating and exhausting it can be to feel overwhelmed, confused, and searching for answers. Although it might be difficult to see right now, there is a way to create a meaningful life, where you feel confident, sure of your decisions, and proud of who you are. You just have to take the first step!
*Telehealth Only* Are you struggling to manage your anxieties about your relationships or the future? Do you feel stuck replaying situations over and over again in your head, which leads you to question yourself or feel like you're "going crazy"? Do you wish you could gain clarity, motivation, and direction? I understand how frustrating and exhausting it can be to feel overwhelmed, confused, and searching for answers. Although it might be difficult to see right now, there is a way to create a meaningful life, where you feel confident, sure of your decisions, and proud of who you are. You just have to take the first step!
(615) 560-7322 View (615) 560-7322
Photo of New Path Counseling & Consulting PLLC., Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
New Path Counseling & Consulting PLLC.
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37217
As a solution focused therapist, my goal is to empower you to find your own strengths. My approach to therapy is to assist you to heal from past wounds and cope with current issues in nurturing and non-judgmental manner. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with experience working with many types of disorders - including learning difficulties, Attention Deficit Disorders, Post Traumatic Stress Disorders, Marital/Relationship problems, Anxiety, and Depression.
As a solution focused therapist, my goal is to empower you to find your own strengths. My approach to therapy is to assist you to heal from past wounds and cope with current issues in nurturing and non-judgmental manner. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with experience working with many types of disorders - including learning difficulties, Attention Deficit Disorders, Post Traumatic Stress Disorders, Marital/Relationship problems, Anxiety, and Depression.
(615) 455-3227 View (615) 455-3227
Photo of Hopeful Hues Counseling, Licensed Social Worker in Nashville, TN
Hopeful Hues Counseling
Licensed Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37221  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My name is Hannah and I am passionate about working with teens and adolescents as they navigate the stressors that come with growing up. This could present in a multitude of ways consisting of emotional regulation, exploring sexuality/identity, navigating transitions in school, conflicts with family and peers, high acuity depression or self-harm, or living through parents divorce/separation. Additionally, young adults exhibiting symptoms of PTSD and complex trauma who are ready to process and return to their life before the trauma are another sweet spot of mine.
My name is Hannah and I am passionate about working with teens and adolescents as they navigate the stressors that come with growing up. This could present in a multitude of ways consisting of emotional regulation, exploring sexuality/identity, navigating transitions in school, conflicts with family and peers, high acuity depression or self-harm, or living through parents divorce/separation. Additionally, young adults exhibiting symptoms of PTSD and complex trauma who are ready to process and return to their life before the trauma are another sweet spot of mine.
(629) 280-3980 View (629) 280-3980
Photo of Kaycee Whiteside, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Kaycee Whiteside
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37205
I am passionate about empowering folks to live a life full of meaning and connection. At the core of my client work is the desire to support people in feeling safer in their bodies, more secure in their relationships, and more fully present in their day-to-day lives. My purpose is to provide you with a welcoming & supportive space, compassionate perspective, and valuable tools to guide you in developing more self-kindness, feeling safer in your body, improving your relationships, and designing a life worth living on your own terms.
I am passionate about empowering folks to live a life full of meaning and connection. At the core of my client work is the desire to support people in feeling safer in their bodies, more secure in their relationships, and more fully present in their day-to-day lives. My purpose is to provide you with a welcoming & supportive space, compassionate perspective, and valuable tools to guide you in developing more self-kindness, feeling safer in your body, improving your relationships, and designing a life worth living on your own terms.
(615) 437-5936 View (615) 437-5936
Photo of Jeremy Lehmann, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nashville, TN
Jeremy Lehmann
Marriage & Family Therapist, MMFC/T, SEP
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
Do you find yourself stuck in survival mode, no matter what you try? Does it feel like you’re always in overdrive or that the smallest things keep setting you off? Are you on edge even with people you know are safe? Maybe your go-to coping skills just aren’t working like they used to. Maybe this has been your default for so long that you can’t remember a time when things were different. One thing is for sure: you're ready for some lasting change. You're ready to change the patterns that are holding you down and limiting your potential. Most of all, you're ready to feel more connected to yourself and the people you care about.
Do you find yourself stuck in survival mode, no matter what you try? Does it feel like you’re always in overdrive or that the smallest things keep setting you off? Are you on edge even with people you know are safe? Maybe your go-to coping skills just aren’t working like they used to. Maybe this has been your default for so long that you can’t remember a time when things were different. One thing is for sure: you're ready for some lasting change. You're ready to change the patterns that are holding you down and limiting your potential. Most of all, you're ready to feel more connected to yourself and the people you care about.
(615) 392-3654 View (615) 392-3654
Photo of Brooke Rappaport, Psychologist in Nashville, TN
Brooke Rappaport
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37204
I love working with women and gender expansive people on concerns such as anxiety, depression, adjustment, life transitions, and trauma. I love guiding people through life transitions, shifts, and identity development. Helping my clients in their personal growth is especially fun for me. Aside from personal growth, I am most experienced working with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma. I help clients understand how systems beyond their individual life impacts why they may be feeling how they are feeling. I help clients work to live authentic and genuine lives that align with their personal values.
I love working with women and gender expansive people on concerns such as anxiety, depression, adjustment, life transitions, and trauma. I love guiding people through life transitions, shifts, and identity development. Helping my clients in their personal growth is especially fun for me. Aside from personal growth, I am most experienced working with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma. I help clients understand how systems beyond their individual life impacts why they may be feeling how they are feeling. I help clients work to live authentic and genuine lives that align with their personal values.
(615) 551-7967 View (615) 551-7967
Photo of Maritza Erazo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Maritza Erazo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, MHSP-S, RPT, CIFS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212
Are you constantly contradicting yourself? A part of you wants to grow and transform into your “true” self, but then you feel as though you are self-sabotaging again. You question how you can work on yourself when you are the one preventing the growth. Pablo Neruda’s poem "We Are Many" describes the internal conflict that many of us feel. As a psychotherapist, I noticed that my clients needed something more than just traditional talk therapy. This realization led me to become a Certified Internal Family Systems (IFS) therapist to help people “befriend” the internal conflict and embrace it with love and compassion.
Are you constantly contradicting yourself? A part of you wants to grow and transform into your “true” self, but then you feel as though you are self-sabotaging again. You question how you can work on yourself when you are the one preventing the growth. Pablo Neruda’s poem "We Are Many" describes the internal conflict that many of us feel. As a psychotherapist, I noticed that my clients needed something more than just traditional talk therapy. This realization led me to become a Certified Internal Family Systems (IFS) therapist to help people “befriend” the internal conflict and embrace it with love and compassion.
(615) 307-4092 x525 View (615) 307-4092 x525
Photo of Catherine Bost Taylor, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nashville, TN
Catherine Bost Taylor
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LCAS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37228
The greatest privilege of our lives is to be seen, heard, and truly known by the ones we love. In the end, we are all we have. Whether it’s your partner or family member, when you feel disconnected from the one you love most, it can be extremely painful. My specialty is adult love and creating bonding experiences in couples and families. Helping people repair and reconnect after times of distress is my passion. I help couples heal their wounds from the past through emotional re-engagement and responsiveness. This allows them to move forward in a healthier way, so the past doesn’t keep sabotaging their present and future.
The greatest privilege of our lives is to be seen, heard, and truly known by the ones we love. In the end, we are all we have. Whether it’s your partner or family member, when you feel disconnected from the one you love most, it can be extremely painful. My specialty is adult love and creating bonding experiences in couples and families. Helping people repair and reconnect after times of distress is my passion. I help couples heal their wounds from the past through emotional re-engagement and responsiveness. This allows them to move forward in a healthier way, so the past doesn’t keep sabotaging their present and future.
(615) 455-2193 View (615) 455-2193
Photo of Virginia Spini, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Nashville, TN
Virginia Spini
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37212  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am a licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Nashville, TN. I've been working with those facing very stressful life changes for some time and are finding anxiety or depression in their daily life increasing.
I am a licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Nashville, TN. I've been working with those facing very stressful life changes for some time and are finding anxiety or depression in their daily life increasing.
(615) 819-5195 x615813 View (615) 819-5195 x615813
Photo of Matt Mills, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Matt Mills
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, MHSP, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212
Waitlist for new clients
If you’re wrestling with anger, sadness, or anxiety, you are not alone. Perhaps your personal or professional life suffers as a result. Lost in our minds, we struggle with how to manage tough emotions and how to find small joys. Together, we will work to recapture your control, passion for life, and take steps towards growth -- helping you to be fully present for self and others. Through in person or telehealth sessions, I’m here to offer reflection and support.
If you’re wrestling with anger, sadness, or anxiety, you are not alone. Perhaps your personal or professional life suffers as a result. Lost in our minds, we struggle with how to manage tough emotions and how to find small joys. Together, we will work to recapture your control, passion for life, and take steps towards growth -- helping you to be fully present for self and others. Through in person or telehealth sessions, I’m here to offer reflection and support.
(615) 285-5771 View (615) 285-5771
Photo of Jennifer Michelle Dozier, Licensed Professional Counselor in Nashville, TN
Jennifer Michelle Dozier
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LADAC, LPC-MHS, SAP, QCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37217
We all have experienced trauma in our life. I want to help you reach the best version of you. . Whether you are suffering with depression, anxiety, trauma or addiction. I know many have tried other forms of counseling but I am trained in Brain Spotting and that has made a difference in my clients life. Working through trauma is tricky and I would like to give you hope. Life is short and time is priceless if you need help call. Do not feel like you have to do this alone.
We all have experienced trauma in our life. I want to help you reach the best version of you. . Whether you are suffering with depression, anxiety, trauma or addiction. I know many have tried other forms of counseling but I am trained in Brain Spotting and that has made a difference in my clients life. Working through trauma is tricky and I would like to give you hope. Life is short and time is priceless if you need help call. Do not feel like you have to do this alone.
(615) 558-4285 View (615) 558-4285
Photo of Vanessa Yvette Reyes, Pre-Licensed Professional in Nashville, TN
Vanessa Yvette Reyes
Pre-Licensed Professional, MMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
I believe that walking alongside my clients as they begin their journey of healing is both an honor and a privilege. I strive to provide a safe and non-judgemental place for my clients while acknowledging their individual barriers and circumstances. I am passionate about meeting clients where they are and seeing clients reach their full potential. I am able to provide services for Individuals, Couples, and Pre-Marital Couples.
I believe that walking alongside my clients as they begin their journey of healing is both an honor and a privilege. I strive to provide a safe and non-judgemental place for my clients while acknowledging their individual barriers and circumstances. I am passionate about meeting clients where they are and seeing clients reach their full potential. I am able to provide services for Individuals, Couples, and Pre-Marital Couples.
(615) 819-1869 View (615) 819-1869
Photo of Katherine Hofstetter, Marriage & Family Therapist in Nashville, TN
Katherine Hofstetter
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37205
Our own human flourishing can feel out of reach at times especially amidst personal suffering, mental illness, loss, and disappointment. My hope is to provide a safe haven amidst a life which can often feel overwhelming - a place where we can focus on processing and growth. We will build on your strengths and relationships to help you reach your personal and relational goals and dreams.
Our own human flourishing can feel out of reach at times especially amidst personal suffering, mental illness, loss, and disappointment. My hope is to provide a safe haven amidst a life which can often feel overwhelming - a place where we can focus on processing and growth. We will build on your strengths and relationships to help you reach your personal and relational goals and dreams.
(615) 489-4151 View (615) 489-4151

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Nashville, TN

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Nashville, TN who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Nashville, TN see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Nashville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.