Therapists in Bothell, WA

Photo of Jason Bailey, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Jason Bailey
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC, SOTP, CFMHE
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98011
I have a range of experience working with a variety of topics and issues, some of which include: anxiety, depression, psychotic disorders, trauma and PTSD, Veteran's issues, sexual behavior problems, sexual offender treatment, interpersonal problems, etc. I have appreciation for a variety of client backgrounds and issues, but I have an especially fond place in my heart for working with military, Veterans, and their families, as I was raised as a military dependent and am a combat Veteran.
I have a range of experience working with a variety of topics and issues, some of which include: anxiety, depression, psychotic disorders, trauma and PTSD, Veteran's issues, sexual behavior problems, sexual offender treatment, interpersonal problems, etc. I have appreciation for a variety of client backgrounds and issues, but I have an especially fond place in my heart for working with military, Veterans, and their families, as I was raised as a military dependent and am a combat Veteran.
(360) 200-7084 View (360) 200-7084
Photo of Christine Scoville, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Christine Scoville
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98011
I am a holistic, trauma-informed therapist and my focus is working with adolescents and adults on issues related to depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder and neurodivergence (ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorders). I also work with issues such as spiritual trauma and abuse, childhood emotional neglect and family systems. My therapeutic approach is client-centered, relational, and depth-based. I incorporate psychoanalytic depth work, existential psychotherapy, as well as somatic and mindfulness practices incorporating the body and strengthening a body-mind connection as it feels safe to do so.
I am a holistic, trauma-informed therapist and my focus is working with adolescents and adults on issues related to depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder and neurodivergence (ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorders). I also work with issues such as spiritual trauma and abuse, childhood emotional neglect and family systems. My therapeutic approach is client-centered, relational, and depth-based. I incorporate psychoanalytic depth work, existential psychotherapy, as well as somatic and mindfulness practices incorporating the body and strengthening a body-mind connection as it feels safe to do so.
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Photo of Terry MacDonald, Psychologist in Bothell, WA
Terry MacDonald
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98011  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy is about you – your successes and strengths, your stumbles and hurts, your needs and goals. Pain has a way of making us feel isolated and alone. It can tear us up on the inside while hiding from others on the outside. We often believe that we are feeling pain because we are not doing something right, so we think that if we just “try harder” or “do better” then we can make the hurt go away. Often, our pain is like a warning light on the dashboard of our car. It’s trying to tell us something important that, if ignored, could be dangerous and impair our ability to function well - or at all.
Therapy is about you – your successes and strengths, your stumbles and hurts, your needs and goals. Pain has a way of making us feel isolated and alone. It can tear us up on the inside while hiding from others on the outside. We often believe that we are feeling pain because we are not doing something right, so we think that if we just “try harder” or “do better” then we can make the hurt go away. Often, our pain is like a warning light on the dashboard of our car. It’s trying to tell us something important that, if ignored, could be dangerous and impair our ability to function well - or at all.
(425) 215-1571 View (425) 215-1571
Photo of Joanne Blum, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Joanne Blum
Counselor, MS, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98012  (Online Only)
Currently, I have limited openings. Life can be challenging. When we are overwhelmed by life's twists and turns, it takes courage to reach out to a stranger for support. I offer you a safe, non-judgmental space to explore current struggles, express what causes you pain, expand your awareness of internal and external obstacles, and create pathways towards deep and lasting change. My goal as a therapist isn't just about helping you FEEL better; it is about helping you LIVE better.
Currently, I have limited openings. Life can be challenging. When we are overwhelmed by life's twists and turns, it takes courage to reach out to a stranger for support. I offer you a safe, non-judgmental space to explore current struggles, express what causes you pain, expand your awareness of internal and external obstacles, and create pathways towards deep and lasting change. My goal as a therapist isn't just about helping you FEEL better; it is about helping you LIVE better.
(984) 369-9515 View (984) 369-9515
Photo of Sasha Melnik, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bothell, WA
Sasha Melnik
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98011
At the moment I am not accepting new clients. I am here to provide a compassionate container for you to reconnect to yourself, heal trauma and past wounds. I enjoy working with people from all backgrounds and walks of life, you are welcome and accepted here just as you are.
At the moment I am not accepting new clients. I am here to provide a compassionate container for you to reconnect to yourself, heal trauma and past wounds. I enjoy working with people from all backgrounds and walks of life, you are welcome and accepted here just as you are.
(425) 600-1668 View (425) 600-1668
Photo of Rafaela De Leon, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Rafaela De Leon
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98011
Waitlist for new clients
You have worlds to explore within yourself, so much strength to uncover, feelings to connect with, and pain to heal. My intention is not to "fix" you, but to help you reclaim your power so that you can feel confident in your innate ability to work toward balance and growth. My aim is always for you to feel safe, seen, and heard. In a world that seems to constantly pull your energy outward in a way that doesn't serve you, I want to provide you with a space where you can turn inward, with intention and compassion.
You have worlds to explore within yourself, so much strength to uncover, feelings to connect with, and pain to heal. My intention is not to "fix" you, but to help you reclaim your power so that you can feel confident in your innate ability to work toward balance and growth. My aim is always for you to feel safe, seen, and heard. In a world that seems to constantly pull your energy outward in a way that doesn't serve you, I want to provide you with a space where you can turn inward, with intention and compassion.
(425) 272-6715 View (425) 272-6715
Photo of Kelley Lubsen, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Kelley Lubsen
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98011  (Online Only)
Hello and Welcome! Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, a big life transition, relationship distress, and/or pressure to behave in ways that don’t feel authentic or healthy for you? Do you feel eager to gain insight and learn how to relate to yourself, others, and your life in ways that feel nourishing? Are you longing for a warm, calm, compassionate, creative, and collaborative space in which to explore these things? If you answered yes to any of these questions, I would love to hear from you!
Hello and Welcome! Are you dealing with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, a big life transition, relationship distress, and/or pressure to behave in ways that don’t feel authentic or healthy for you? Do you feel eager to gain insight and learn how to relate to yourself, others, and your life in ways that feel nourishing? Are you longing for a warm, calm, compassionate, creative, and collaborative space in which to explore these things? If you answered yes to any of these questions, I would love to hear from you!
(206) 488-0334 View (206) 488-0334
Photo of Pashience Merchant, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Pashience Merchant
Counselor, MA , LMHCA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98021
I work primarily with teens and adults with struggles associated with Anxiety, ADHD, Depression, Life Transitions, Attachment, navigating the struggles of being human in a difficult world, and more. Clients are experts in their own lives and therapy is a journey where we will travel together focusing on arriving at your destination. Together we will identify your strengths, further strengthen skills that work well, and identify adjustments to achieve your goals. Through our collaboration, you will develop skills and tools that you can use right away, as well as, in the future.
I work primarily with teens and adults with struggles associated with Anxiety, ADHD, Depression, Life Transitions, Attachment, navigating the struggles of being human in a difficult world, and more. Clients are experts in their own lives and therapy is a journey where we will travel together focusing on arriving at your destination. Together we will identify your strengths, further strengthen skills that work well, and identify adjustments to achieve your goals. Through our collaboration, you will develop skills and tools that you can use right away, as well as, in the future.
(425) 842-1823 View (425) 842-1823
Photo of Neupathway (Louis Poeltl), Counselor in Bothell, WA
Neupathway (Louis Poeltl)
Counselor, LPC, LMHC, SUDP
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98011
Accepting New Patients, same week availability................................... Louis Poeltl Ed.S, NCC, C-DBT, LMHC, LPC is a clinical mental health counselor with over 15 years of experience providing therapeutic services to diverse populations, including children, adolescents, adults, couples and families. With a Master’s Degree in Mental Health Counseling and an Education Specialist Degree in Family Counseling, Louis is especially suited to incorporate clients’ familial and cultural backgrounds to uncover negative internalized beliefs that are holding back clients from living their best lives now.
Accepting New Patients, same week availability................................... Louis Poeltl Ed.S, NCC, C-DBT, LMHC, LPC is a clinical mental health counselor with over 15 years of experience providing therapeutic services to diverse populations, including children, adolescents, adults, couples and families. With a Master’s Degree in Mental Health Counseling and an Education Specialist Degree in Family Counseling, Louis is especially suited to incorporate clients’ familial and cultural backgrounds to uncover negative internalized beliefs that are holding back clients from living their best lives now.
(425) 541-8958 View (425) 541-8958
Photo of Norma Crist Merkle, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Norma Crist Merkle
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98011
Life can be painful and confusing sometimes. Maybe you are struggling with anxiety, depression, or challenging life changes. Maybe you are grieving the loss of someone, or some part of your life...feeling alone and afraid to take the next step. lt might be time to get a different perspective on your problems so that you can start to feel the relief you are seeking and move forward. I will work carefully with you to uncover the basis for your distress, reexamine your expectations and choices, then explore new ways of experiencing your life that make sense to you.
Life can be painful and confusing sometimes. Maybe you are struggling with anxiety, depression, or challenging life changes. Maybe you are grieving the loss of someone, or some part of your life...feeling alone and afraid to take the next step. lt might be time to get a different perspective on your problems so that you can start to feel the relief you are seeking and move forward. I will work carefully with you to uncover the basis for your distress, reexamine your expectations and choices, then explore new ways of experiencing your life that make sense to you.
(425) 491-1313 View (425) 491-1313
Photo of Katherine Koch, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Katherine Koch
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98011  (Online Only)
I am a relationship-based, trauma-informed therapist with a holistic, creative, and embodied approach to healing. I deeply believe in the interconnectedness of mind, soul, and body and it is through these channels we often experience pain, harm, frustration, blockages, and sometimes just plain boredom.
I am a relationship-based, trauma-informed therapist with a holistic, creative, and embodied approach to healing. I deeply believe in the interconnectedness of mind, soul, and body and it is through these channels we often experience pain, harm, frustration, blockages, and sometimes just plain boredom.
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Photo of Alec Brooks, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Alec Brooks
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98021  (Online Only)
I have experience working in various settings including community health clinics, behavioral health organizations, and group private practice. It is enjoyable for me to work with clients of all identities with a variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, and stress management as they navigate the difficulties of daily life. I also have specialized experience working with neurodivergent clients in both my personal, professional, and academic endeavors.
I have experience working in various settings including community health clinics, behavioral health organizations, and group private practice. It is enjoyable for me to work with clients of all identities with a variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, and stress management as they navigate the difficulties of daily life. I also have specialized experience working with neurodivergent clients in both my personal, professional, and academic endeavors.
(425) 217-3593 View (425) 217-3593
Photo of Lauren Archer in Bothell, WA
Lauren Archer
BS, CHT
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98011
Transformational coaching & hypnotherapy to clarify your purpose, release limiting beliefs, embrace healthy habits, enhance creativity and self-esteem, align your actions and values, and embody your best self. Note that my fee is per session, not per hour, and new client sessions are two full hours. Sessions include a personalized guided hypnotic audio that you can listen to at home to reinforce the work we do during your session.
Transformational coaching & hypnotherapy to clarify your purpose, release limiting beliefs, embrace healthy habits, enhance creativity and self-esteem, align your actions and values, and embody your best self. Note that my fee is per session, not per hour, and new client sessions are two full hours. Sessions include a personalized guided hypnotic audio that you can listen to at home to reinforce the work we do during your session.
(425) 585-2272 View (425) 585-2272
Photo of Kathryn D. Sonja, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bothell, WA
Kathryn D. Sonja
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MHP, LSWAIC, CCTP, PLLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98021  (Online Only)
I specialize in women’s health & embodied healing. I am body-mind centered, strength based & practice from an integrative-holistic perspective. I provide personalized-whole person care, tailored treatment plans which are collaboratively created based on client’s voice, lived experiences & expressed needs. I am passionate about empowering women to reclaim, to learn to befriend & trust their bodies wisdom & healing trauma at the nervous system level. I create a safe, compassionate, exploratory space, where witnessing, genuine curiosity, lived experiences, & deep seated empathy, supports authentic connection & rapport with my clients.
I specialize in women’s health & embodied healing. I am body-mind centered, strength based & practice from an integrative-holistic perspective. I provide personalized-whole person care, tailored treatment plans which are collaboratively created based on client’s voice, lived experiences & expressed needs. I am passionate about empowering women to reclaim, to learn to befriend & trust their bodies wisdom & healing trauma at the nervous system level. I create a safe, compassionate, exploratory space, where witnessing, genuine curiosity, lived experiences, & deep seated empathy, supports authentic connection & rapport with my clients.
(425) 428-6918 View (425) 428-6918
Photo of Inner Phoenix Embodied Arts, PLLC, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Inner Phoenix Embodied Arts, PLLC
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CEAT, CYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98011
You are ready to dive deep and explore the inner workings of your life in order to understand, heal, and thrive. You'll find my services particularly effective if you are going through transition (career/livelihood, relational, geographical, physical, gender, financial, and so on), wanting to explore traumatic experiences, seeking support for learning or acquired physical disabilities, you are struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, and parts of your life that feel out of control. You might also be seeking support through use of nature and mindfulness-based or somatic therapy modalities, dream exploration, and spirituality.
You are ready to dive deep and explore the inner workings of your life in order to understand, heal, and thrive. You'll find my services particularly effective if you are going through transition (career/livelihood, relational, geographical, physical, gender, financial, and so on), wanting to explore traumatic experiences, seeking support for learning or acquired physical disabilities, you are struggling with stress, anxiety, depression, and parts of your life that feel out of control. You might also be seeking support through use of nature and mindfulness-based or somatic therapy modalities, dream exploration, and spirituality.
(425) 786-2726 View (425) 786-2726
Photo of Kim McBride, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bothell, WA
Kim McBride
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98021
I help individuals and couples create and sustain the positive changes they seek in their lives. I provide a supportive environment for clients to practice skills designed to enhance personal, relational, and professional satisfaction. My approach to therapy is brief, client centered, and outcomes-focused.
I help individuals and couples create and sustain the positive changes they seek in their lives. I provide a supportive environment for clients to practice skills designed to enhance personal, relational, and professional satisfaction. My approach to therapy is brief, client centered, and outcomes-focused.
(206) 858-1177 View (206) 858-1177
Photo of Jennifer Pelton, Psychologist in Bothell, WA
Jennifer Pelton
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98021  (Online Only)
As a psychologist, I ensure that evaluation and treatment services are comprehensive and tailored to meet the needs of each client. I have an expertise and passion for working with preteens, teens and young adults. I have a humorous, warm, and down to earth style of counseling that clients appreciate. My treatment approach emphasizes evidence-based practice that works toward building skills and strategies including *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy *Acceptance and Commitment Therapy *Dialectical Behavior Therapy-informed coping and skill building *Exposure and Response Prevention *School collaboration *Parent consultation
As a psychologist, I ensure that evaluation and treatment services are comprehensive and tailored to meet the needs of each client. I have an expertise and passion for working with preteens, teens and young adults. I have a humorous, warm, and down to earth style of counseling that clients appreciate. My treatment approach emphasizes evidence-based practice that works toward building skills and strategies including *Cognitive Behavioral Therapy *Acceptance and Commitment Therapy *Dialectical Behavior Therapy-informed coping and skill building *Exposure and Response Prevention *School collaboration *Parent consultation
(206) 539-1855 View (206) 539-1855
Photo of Victoria Trofimovich, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bothell, WA
Victoria Trofimovich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98012
I love facilitating therapy groups and am particularly passionate about empowering other women by equipping them with healthy coping skills, encouraging them to identify & reframe any negative core beliefs and providing them with a safe and nonjudgmental environment to rewrite their narrative. In these groups, you will be reminded of the strength and resiliency you already carry inside you as you open up about your fears, hopes and dreams alongside other women. 
I love facilitating therapy groups and am particularly passionate about empowering other women by equipping them with healthy coping skills, encouraging them to identify & reframe any negative core beliefs and providing them with a safe and nonjudgmental environment to rewrite their narrative. In these groups, you will be reminded of the strength and resiliency you already carry inside you as you open up about your fears, hopes and dreams alongside other women. 
(425) 217-8527 View (425) 217-8527
Photo of Nitish Matthew, Counselor in Bothell, WA
Nitish Matthew
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Bothell, WA 98021
I’m Nitish with 20+ years practicing Counseling. My calling started during my 3rd year as a pre-med student. Something in me wanted to figure out why I felt like I had a chip on my shoulder even though I was a leader in campus ministry. This lead me to investigating Psychology that became my vocation thereafter. Understanding why humans feel, think, and act in certain ways helped me to understand myself and people around me. I could feel God had given me new tools to learn about His pinnacle of creation. It was like gaining a window into my soul. After all, by definition, Psychology is the study of the soul.
I’m Nitish with 20+ years practicing Counseling. My calling started during my 3rd year as a pre-med student. Something in me wanted to figure out why I felt like I had a chip on my shoulder even though I was a leader in campus ministry. This lead me to investigating Psychology that became my vocation thereafter. Understanding why humans feel, think, and act in certain ways helped me to understand myself and people around me. I could feel God had given me new tools to learn about His pinnacle of creation. It was like gaining a window into my soul. After all, by definition, Psychology is the study of the soul.
(206) 701-6320 View (206) 701-6320
Photo of Michelle A. Lechnyr, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bothell, WA
Michelle A. Lechnyr
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CDC®
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bothell, WA 98012  (Online Only)
My goal is to equip you with effective strategies for shifting your thought patterns, easing anxious thoughts, and overcoming depression.. I specialize in addressing a range of issues including anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, divorce, infidelity, life transitions, and complex trauma. My therapeutic approach encompasses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and EMDR. As a certified divorce coach, I provide guidance to help you navigate relationship challenges and make informed decisions.Additionally, I offer support to individuals grappling with a cancer diagnosis. Gottman trained: Bringing Baby Home Educator.
My goal is to equip you with effective strategies for shifting your thought patterns, easing anxious thoughts, and overcoming depression.. I specialize in addressing a range of issues including anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, divorce, infidelity, life transitions, and complex trauma. My therapeutic approach encompasses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and EMDR. As a certified divorce coach, I provide guidance to help you navigate relationship challenges and make informed decisions.Additionally, I offer support to individuals grappling with a cancer diagnosis. Gottman trained: Bringing Baby Home Educator.
(206) 590-5505 View (206) 590-5505

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bothell, WA

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Bothell, WA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
89% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
76% Self Esteem
71% Grief
71% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Premera
69% Regence
62% Aetna

How Therapists in Bothell, WA see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bothell?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.