Therapists in Houston, TX

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Photo of Adriana Rodriguez, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Adriana Rodriguez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77007
Not accepting new clients
Asking for help is no small task. Whether looking to help yourself, your relationship, or your children, it can be scary to take that first step. If you are like many, you have probably been debating seeking help for months, if not years. I am glad you are here and that you have taken the courageous first step towards healing. I bring deep empathy, openness, creativity, warmth, and a sense of humor to the therapeutic relationship. I believe that the therapeutic process can impact my client's ability to grow, heal, and reach their full potential.
Asking for help is no small task. Whether looking to help yourself, your relationship, or your children, it can be scary to take that first step. If you are like many, you have probably been debating seeking help for months, if not years. I am glad you are here and that you have taken the courageous first step towards healing. I bring deep empathy, openness, creativity, warmth, and a sense of humor to the therapeutic relationship. I believe that the therapeutic process can impact my client's ability to grow, heal, and reach their full potential.
(832) 899-4248 View (832) 899-4248
Photo of Nelliana Acuna, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT-S
Nelliana Acuna
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77040
I am a bilingual immigrant therapist & supervisor. I know how difficult it is to live in the United States with different backgrounds and values and the challenges and sacrifices of starting and raising a family here.  If you are • trying to find who you are in this country • struggling with the cultural differences • having difficulties managing your kids and their new influences • fighting with your parents because they don’t understand you • tired of trying to explain your reality • looking for a therapist that understands your problems and culture •needing a Spanish speaking therapist... You don’t need to look further!
I am a bilingual immigrant therapist & supervisor. I know how difficult it is to live in the United States with different backgrounds and values and the challenges and sacrifices of starting and raising a family here.  If you are • trying to find who you are in this country • struggling with the cultural differences • having difficulties managing your kids and their new influences • fighting with your parents because they don’t understand you • tired of trying to explain your reality • looking for a therapist that understands your problems and culture •needing a Spanish speaking therapist... You don’t need to look further!
(713) 766-5925 View (713) 766-5925
Photo of Ariel Glaze, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Ariel Glaze
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77006
I am a licensed professional counselor who began practicing in 2013, driven by a deep passion for supporting others through life’s most difficult challenges. My journey into mental health was sparked by a personal experience, witnessing a close individual go through a mental health crisis, which inspired me to learn more about mental health in all its forms. What started as a desire to understand soon evolved into a mission to help others, leading me to volunteer and eventually pursue a career dedicated to assisting people in overcoming their struggles.
I am a licensed professional counselor who began practicing in 2013, driven by a deep passion for supporting others through life’s most difficult challenges. My journey into mental health was sparked by a personal experience, witnessing a close individual go through a mental health crisis, which inspired me to learn more about mental health in all its forms. What started as a desire to understand soon evolved into a mission to help others, leading me to volunteer and eventually pursue a career dedicated to assisting people in overcoming their struggles.
(346) 553-1154 View (346) 553-1154
Photo of Abraham Aviles, Pre-Licensed Professional
Abraham Aviles
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77095
Not accepting new clients
Hi, I'm Abraham. Sometimes in life, we hit rock bottom and feel like there's no hope. I am here to tell you, hope is being able to see the light despite all of the darkness. As a Substance Abuse Counselor, I understand that seeking help is not always easy; it can be scary and intimidating. However, I want to let you know that you are not alone. I am here to understand your story and to support your journey towards your desired goals in life.
Hi, I'm Abraham. Sometimes in life, we hit rock bottom and feel like there's no hope. I am here to tell you, hope is being able to see the light despite all of the darkness. As a Substance Abuse Counselor, I understand that seeking help is not always easy; it can be scary and intimidating. However, I want to let you know that you are not alone. I am here to understand your story and to support your journey towards your desired goals in life.
(346) 483-3679 View (346) 483-3679
Photo of Gina Marie Baiamonte, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, EMDR
Gina Marie Baiamonte
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, EMDR
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77063
I welcome you to opening the door and stepping through the threshold of change and new insight. Together we will uncover long-standing behavior patterns or negative thinking that maybe preventing you from experiencing a more satisfying life helping, you to find freedom and purpose. I coach and counsel from a holistic perspective with adults, individuals, couples and families, specializing in Trauma, Life-Purpose, Life Transitions, Creatives, Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, working with a 4 team approach for couples and Business & Entrepreneurial Coaching.
I welcome you to opening the door and stepping through the threshold of change and new insight. Together we will uncover long-standing behavior patterns or negative thinking that maybe preventing you from experiencing a more satisfying life helping, you to find freedom and purpose. I coach and counsel from a holistic perspective with adults, individuals, couples and families, specializing in Trauma, Life-Purpose, Life Transitions, Creatives, Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, working with a 4 team approach for couples and Business & Entrepreneurial Coaching.
(832) 266-0979 View (832) 266-0979
Photo of Kareem Abdul Hicks - Icare4you, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Icare4you
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Welcome my name is Kareem Hicks and I commend anyone that has the desire to grow. Often times, our environments & comfort zones may stagnate or stunt our growth. To me there is no such thing as the ideal client when it comes to therapy. The ideal client to me would be a client who is willing to act and commit on barriers that they are facing currently. The purpose of therapy is to align the individual with the tools to overcome barriers that hinder growth and stability.
Welcome my name is Kareem Hicks and I commend anyone that has the desire to grow. Often times, our environments & comfort zones may stagnate or stunt our growth. To me there is no such thing as the ideal client when it comes to therapy. The ideal client to me would be a client who is willing to act and commit on barriers that they are facing currently. The purpose of therapy is to align the individual with the tools to overcome barriers that hinder growth and stability.
(832) 990-0718 View (832) 990-0718
Photo of Jennifer Trepp, Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Jennifer Trepp
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed by sadness or anxiety? Do you feel disconnected from yourself, your loved ones, or wonder if you’re doing enough in your life? It’s exhausting, and all you really want is to feel like yourself again—finding balance, confidence, and joy. You don’t have to go through this alone. I’m here to create a safe, supportive space where you can be heard, heal, reconnect with yourself and others, and find a path that feels right for you.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by sadness or anxiety? Do you feel disconnected from yourself, your loved ones, or wonder if you’re doing enough in your life? It’s exhausting, and all you really want is to feel like yourself again—finding balance, confidence, and joy. You don’t have to go through this alone. I’m here to create a safe, supportive space where you can be heard, heal, reconnect with yourself and others, and find a path that feels right for you.
(346) 591-0543 View (346) 591-0543
Photo of Lisa Deleef Getz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lisa Deleef Getz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have over 20 years of experience in a variety of settings. I work with individuals to address stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, chronic illness, caregiver stress, and grief/bereavement. I take an individualized, holistic approach with each of my clients using evidence based techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), Solution Focused Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Narrative Therapy, and Trauma Informed Care.
I have over 20 years of experience in a variety of settings. I work with individuals to address stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, chronic illness, caregiver stress, and grief/bereavement. I take an individualized, holistic approach with each of my clients using evidence based techniques such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), Solution Focused Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Narrative Therapy, and Trauma Informed Care.
(346) 460-7672 View (346) 460-7672
Photo of Jinelle Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Jinelle Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
The bulk of my experience is working with BIPOC women. When working with clients, my goal is not to tell clients what to do. I spend time listening and asking questions so clients can come to their realizations. I find it more effective when clients develop a clear understanding of their own. When they hear what they say aloud, they often have an "aha" moment. Once they come to the realization, I sometimes turn to a solution-focused model to offer guidance in determining the next steps.
The bulk of my experience is working with BIPOC women. When working with clients, my goal is not to tell clients what to do. I spend time listening and asking questions so clients can come to their realizations. I find it more effective when clients develop a clear understanding of their own. When they hear what they say aloud, they often have an "aha" moment. Once they come to the realization, I sometimes turn to a solution-focused model to offer guidance in determining the next steps.
(346) 552-7655 View (346) 552-7655
Photo of April Walker - That Missing Peace (Anxiety, Depression, & Grief), Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
That Missing Peace (Anxiety, Depression, & Grief)
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77046
Are you overwhelmed? Have you tried the same methods to ease your mind with no relief? Well, you have come to the right place. Let That Missing Peace Counseling and Consulting help you discover the peace you have been longing for.
Are you overwhelmed? Have you tried the same methods to ease your mind with no relief? Well, you have come to the right place. Let That Missing Peace Counseling and Consulting help you discover the peace you have been longing for.
(832) 957-9973 View (832) 957-9973
Photo of Awilda Acevedo-Pellot, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Awilda Acevedo-Pellot
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and a Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor (LCDC) specializing in working with individuals navigating challenges such as anxiety, mood disorders, trauma and addictions. I used a holistic and eclectic approach considering your uniqueness and the role that spirituality and personal values play in healing. Throughout my professional career, over 20 years, I believe that every individual is unique, and that healing is best achieved when we honor each person's distinct needs, experiences, and strengths.
I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and a Licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor (LCDC) specializing in working with individuals navigating challenges such as anxiety, mood disorders, trauma and addictions. I used a holistic and eclectic approach considering your uniqueness and the role that spirituality and personal values play in healing. Throughout my professional career, over 20 years, I believe that every individual is unique, and that healing is best achieved when we honor each person's distinct needs, experiences, and strengths.
(832) 497-2166 View (832) 497-2166
Photo of Meka Allen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Meka Allen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
My name is Dr. Meka Allen and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. It is my passion and mission to walk along side you as we discover and enhance your strengths and move past depression, low self-worth, trauma, anxiety, addiction, or a combination of weights holding you back. Over time my practice has organically become a safe place for women of color who have a need to heal from trauma and other adverse life experiences. I also love working with all individuals who are navigating the expected and unexpected ups and downs of life.
My name is Dr. Meka Allen and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. It is my passion and mission to walk along side you as we discover and enhance your strengths and move past depression, low self-worth, trauma, anxiety, addiction, or a combination of weights holding you back. Over time my practice has organically become a safe place for women of color who have a need to heal from trauma and other adverse life experiences. I also love working with all individuals who are navigating the expected and unexpected ups and downs of life.
(832) 219-6806 View (832) 219-6806
Photo of Meagan Nicole Houston, Psychologist, PhD, MSCP
Meagan Nicole Houston
Psychologist, PhD, MSCP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77069
My diverse therapy skill sets allow me to work with almost any client presenting with a variety of interpersonal, occupational, and academic concerns. I am able to assist clients dealing with stage of life changes, self-harm behaviors, sexuality and gender concerns (LGBTQI+ Ally), relationship problems, mood disorders, sex addictions, women's issues, men's issues, spirituality concerns, and substance abuse concerns. I have been trained and certified as a Gottman Method Level 2 couples therapist and I am currently providing therapeutic services to include individual therapy, family therapy, couples, premarital and marital therapy.
My diverse therapy skill sets allow me to work with almost any client presenting with a variety of interpersonal, occupational, and academic concerns. I am able to assist clients dealing with stage of life changes, self-harm behaviors, sexuality and gender concerns (LGBTQI+ Ally), relationship problems, mood disorders, sex addictions, women's issues, men's issues, spirituality concerns, and substance abuse concerns. I have been trained and certified as a Gottman Method Level 2 couples therapist and I am currently providing therapeutic services to include individual therapy, family therapy, couples, premarital and marital therapy.
(281) 506-2078 View (281) 506-2078
Photo of Jacob M Atchison (Supervised By LaShasta Bell), Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , LPC-A
Jacob M Atchison (Supervised By LaShasta Bell)
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , LPC-A
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77019
Hey there! I’m Jacob Atchison, a Licensed Professional Counselor Associate under the guidance of LaShasta Bell, LPC. I understand how tough life can be, and I’m here to lend a helping hand because you shouldn’t have to face challenges alone.
Hey there! I’m Jacob Atchison, a Licensed Professional Counselor Associate under the guidance of LaShasta Bell, LPC. I understand how tough life can be, and I’m here to lend a helping hand because you shouldn’t have to face challenges alone.
(346) 644-6625 View (346) 644-6625
Photo of Diane N Roche, Psychologist, PhD, APIT
Diane N Roche
Psychologist, PhD, APIT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77006
Dr. Roche & her associates specialize in treating and supporting high-level professionals and their families who insist on individualized services of singular quality. You will experience a sophisticated and integrative approach. If you are a physician, attorney, or executive or have a high achieving or struggling child or teen, we understand the multiple pressures you and your family face. We will support you to balance the demands of life. Adults, teens, kids, families, & couples are treated by well-trained clinicians in a comfortable, elevated, modern space. Made-to-measure Psychological Evaluations can be provided if indicated.
Dr. Roche & her associates specialize in treating and supporting high-level professionals and their families who insist on individualized services of singular quality. You will experience a sophisticated and integrative approach. If you are a physician, attorney, or executive or have a high achieving or struggling child or teen, we understand the multiple pressures you and your family face. We will support you to balance the demands of life. Adults, teens, kids, families, & couples are treated by well-trained clinicians in a comfortable, elevated, modern space. Made-to-measure Psychological Evaluations can be provided if indicated.
(713) 893-5470 View (713) 893-5470
Photo of Tiffany Beshears, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, CCTP
Tiffany Beshears
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, CCTP
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77063
My scope of practice includes a wide range of clients. I have worked with children, adolescents, families, groups and adults with various issues that include (but are not limited to) ADHD / ADD, Abuse / Neglect, Parenting Issues, Generalized Anxiety, Major Depression, PTSD, Bipolar I and Bipolar II, Oppositional Behaviors, Personality Disorders, Grief, etc.. I combine various aspects of different treatment modalities to provide the most individualized therapy possible. My goal is to help you work through the pain and / or issues that may be hindering you from wholeness / wellness.
My scope of practice includes a wide range of clients. I have worked with children, adolescents, families, groups and adults with various issues that include (but are not limited to) ADHD / ADD, Abuse / Neglect, Parenting Issues, Generalized Anxiety, Major Depression, PTSD, Bipolar I and Bipolar II, Oppositional Behaviors, Personality Disorders, Grief, etc.. I combine various aspects of different treatment modalities to provide the most individualized therapy possible. My goal is to help you work through the pain and / or issues that may be hindering you from wholeness / wellness.
(346) 375-5691 View (346) 375-5691
Photo of Shaun Hill, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Shaun Hill
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hi, my name is Shaun Hill. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor – Supervisor licensed in Texas with over 18 years of experience.
Hi, my name is Shaun Hill. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor – Supervisor licensed in Texas with over 18 years of experience.
(832) 990-9163 View (832) 990-9163
Photo of Kevin R Mack, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Kevin R Mack
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77074
Are you feeling stressed or frustrated? Maybe unsure of how to deal with life issues? With Cognitive Behavior Therapy I am able to use a scientific approach of treatment to help with decreasing impulsive behavior, increasing coping skills, and help find direction. I can help you develop the skills needed to improve communication and listening skills. While teaching you how to be the best form of you, without “Losing Your Cool” CBT proves to help with improving cognitive functioning and decrease a variety of mental health issues. Maybe you feel that your teen has changed overnight and refuses to communicate with you. Contact us
Are you feeling stressed or frustrated? Maybe unsure of how to deal with life issues? With Cognitive Behavior Therapy I am able to use a scientific approach of treatment to help with decreasing impulsive behavior, increasing coping skills, and help find direction. I can help you develop the skills needed to improve communication and listening skills. While teaching you how to be the best form of you, without “Losing Your Cool” CBT proves to help with improving cognitive functioning and decrease a variety of mental health issues. Maybe you feel that your teen has changed overnight and refuses to communicate with you. Contact us
(713) 936-2947 View (713) 936-2947
Photo of Kanisha Hill, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Kanisha Hill
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello and welcome! I'm Kanisha Hill, and I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor. I am passionate about the therapy process and dedicated to helping individuals navigate their mental health journeys. My approach is rooted in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which focuses on understanding how your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected. Together, we will work to identify and reframe unhelpful thought patterns, develop adaptive coping strategies, and set achievable goals to improve your overall well-being.
Hello and welcome! I'm Kanisha Hill, and I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor. I am passionate about the therapy process and dedicated to helping individuals navigate their mental health journeys. My approach is rooted in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which focuses on understanding how your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are interconnected. Together, we will work to identify and reframe unhelpful thought patterns, develop adaptive coping strategies, and set achievable goals to improve your overall well-being.
(281) 247-6393 View (281) 247-6393
Photo of James Reyes, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
James Reyes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi, I'm James Reyes, a Licensed Professional Counselor. My therapy is about helping you reconnect with yourself and build stronger relationships. I specialize in supporting people through trauma, life changes, and addictions. My therapeutic approach to therapy includes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Gestalt, and just speaking like a human being. I believe that the best counseling makes you more connected with yourself and others – it rehumanizes the experience of living.
Hi, I'm James Reyes, a Licensed Professional Counselor. My therapy is about helping you reconnect with yourself and build stronger relationships. I specialize in supporting people through trauma, life changes, and addictions. My therapeutic approach to therapy includes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Gestalt, and just speaking like a human being. I believe that the best counseling makes you more connected with yourself and others – it rehumanizes the experience of living.
(346) 594-9461 View (346) 594-9461
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See more therapy options for Houston

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Houston, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Houston, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
72% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
66% Relationship Issues
64% Stress
63% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

91% Aetna
84% Cigna and Evernorth
76% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Houston, TX see their clients

54% Online Only
46% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Houston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.