Therapists in Austin, TX

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Photo of Lisa Samuels, LPC Associate, LPC-A
Lisa Samuels
LPC Associate, LPC-A
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Hello! Lisa provides a warm, non-judgmental, and safe space for clients. She believes that all people have the power to grow and change and that making the choice to come to therapy is a brave one. Her goal is to be a partner in therapeutic relationships with her clients to support their process of development and exploration. Lisa works with various types of clients and presenting concerns. Some areas of interest include non-monogamy, desire discrepancy, and asexuality. She has experience using trauma-informed approaches with those who have experienced trauma through sexual harm from her time with the Respark Foundation.
Hello! Lisa provides a warm, non-judgmental, and safe space for clients. She believes that all people have the power to grow and change and that making the choice to come to therapy is a brave one. Her goal is to be a partner in therapeutic relationships with her clients to support their process of development and exploration. Lisa works with various types of clients and presenting concerns. Some areas of interest include non-monogamy, desire discrepancy, and asexuality. She has experience using trauma-informed approaches with those who have experienced trauma through sexual harm from her time with the Respark Foundation.
(512) 729-3586 View (512) 729-3586
Photo of Dr. Alberto Cabrera, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Dr. Alberto Cabrera
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Online Only
OCD doesn't have to control your life. If intrusive thoughts, compulsions, or anxiety are keeping you from living fully, I'm here to help. I specialize in evidence-based OCD treatment using Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), proven approaches that actually work. As a therapist with specialized training from the International OCD Foundation and research experience in OCD treatment, I combine clinical expertise with genuine compassion. Whether you're just starting to understand OCD or you've been struggling for years, better days are ahead.
OCD doesn't have to control your life. If intrusive thoughts, compulsions, or anxiety are keeping you from living fully, I'm here to help. I specialize in evidence-based OCD treatment using Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), proven approaches that actually work. As a therapist with specialized training from the International OCD Foundation and research experience in OCD treatment, I combine clinical expertise with genuine compassion. Whether you're just starting to understand OCD or you've been struggling for years, better days are ahead.
(512) 601-4548 View (512) 601-4548
Photo of Buck Dodson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Buck Dodson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Let’s face it – looking for a therapist isn’t easy. The process takes time, energy and bandwidth that are in short supply for you right now. Whether you need help for your yourself or your relationship, you're in the right place. I'm here to help you get curious about what's happening, start feeling better, find new solutions, and get back on track so you're living and loving with more ease, joy and vitality. You'll learn to express your feelings, work with negative thoughts, rewrite limiting beliefs, and explore what's holding you back from the past so you can move forward in your life.
Let’s face it – looking for a therapist isn’t easy. The process takes time, energy and bandwidth that are in short supply for you right now. Whether you need help for your yourself or your relationship, you're in the right place. I'm here to help you get curious about what's happening, start feeling better, find new solutions, and get back on track so you're living and loving with more ease, joy and vitality. You'll learn to express your feelings, work with negative thoughts, rewrite limiting beliefs, and explore what's holding you back from the past so you can move forward in your life.
(512) 861-0483 View (512) 861-0483
Photo of Sulipsa Luque, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S,, LCDC
Sulipsa Luque
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S,, LCDC
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78704
Our resilient spirit helps us get through many difficulties and obstacles throughout our lives, but sometimes we come across something that can threaten to hurt us, hold us back or even keep us stuck. Engaging in the therapeutic process can help alleviate these feelings of overwhelmedness, hopelessness or fear.
Our resilient spirit helps us get through many difficulties and obstacles throughout our lives, but sometimes we come across something that can threaten to hurt us, hold us back or even keep us stuck. Engaging in the therapeutic process can help alleviate these feelings of overwhelmedness, hopelessness or fear.
(512) 488-1643 View (512) 488-1643
Photo of Dr. Chloe Powell, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Chloe Powell
Psychologist, PsyD
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78704
Hello - I’m Chloe! Licensed Psychologist and Founder of Ember Psychology. I offer individual therapy, psychological assessments (incl. ADHD, Autism), parent coaching, and professional consultation services. Individuals seek therapy with me for support with healing trauma, anxiety, depression, navigating life transitions, relationship difficulties, and existential concerns. Additionally, I specialize in working with neurodivergent individuals from pre-teen (10+) to adults. At Ember, I hope to create a space where you can bring all parts of yourself - the misunderstood, the uncertain, the imperfect, and everything in between!
Hello - I’m Chloe! Licensed Psychologist and Founder of Ember Psychology. I offer individual therapy, psychological assessments (incl. ADHD, Autism), parent coaching, and professional consultation services. Individuals seek therapy with me for support with healing trauma, anxiety, depression, navigating life transitions, relationship difficulties, and existential concerns. Additionally, I specialize in working with neurodivergent individuals from pre-teen (10+) to adults. At Ember, I hope to create a space where you can bring all parts of yourself - the misunderstood, the uncertain, the imperfect, and everything in between!
(737) 284-4406 View (737) 284-4406
Photo of Katie Cullather, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Katie Cullather
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78759
Not accepting new clients
Many folx come to work with me to address, understand and better navigate their anxiety, difficult life transitions, their sense of self, relationship difficulties, family of origin issues, and/ or trauma. I work with people in these areas from a body-mind perspective, meaning that our mental health is not just comprised of our thoughts and feelings, but how we hold these things in our bodies, too.
Many folx come to work with me to address, understand and better navigate their anxiety, difficult life transitions, their sense of self, relationship difficulties, family of origin issues, and/ or trauma. I work with people in these areas from a body-mind perspective, meaning that our mental health is not just comprised of our thoughts and feelings, but how we hold these things in our bodies, too.
(737) 234-7827 View (737) 234-7827
Photo of Anita Lane - Anita Lane, Core Breakthrough Coaching, CPC, BS
Anita Lane, Core Breakthrough Coaching
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
STUCK or Struggling with: disempowering relationships, unsupportive family, unfulfilling work, poor boundaries, low self worth, poor self care, lacking motivation, stress, anxiety, procrastination, or communication challenges? Are you frustrated with making slow, minimal progress in resolving your challenge? If so, then consider Coaching! Coaching is success and results-oriented. My 16 year practice is based on working with the part of your mind that creates immediate, lasting change and fulfillment. So, we uncover and change your core limiting beliefs, which changes your thoughts and feelings, AND changes your life!
STUCK or Struggling with: disempowering relationships, unsupportive family, unfulfilling work, poor boundaries, low self worth, poor self care, lacking motivation, stress, anxiety, procrastination, or communication challenges? Are you frustrated with making slow, minimal progress in resolving your challenge? If so, then consider Coaching! Coaching is success and results-oriented. My 16 year practice is based on working with the part of your mind that creates immediate, lasting change and fulfillment. So, we uncover and change your core limiting beliefs, which changes your thoughts and feelings, AND changes your life!
(512) 843-8242 View (512) 843-8242
Photo of Shana Sheeran - Shana Sheeran, PhD LMFT Neuropsychotherapist, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, CCTP-II, CTMH
Shana Sheeran, PhD LMFT Neuropsychotherapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, CCTP-II, CTMH
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78732
Waitlist for new clients
Do you want your relationships to be better? How about your relationship with yourself? Have you experienced trauma in important relationships and struggle with anxiety, depression, guilt, low self esteem? I believe relationships are extremely important in our growth and development. This belief begins with, and is evidenced by, the relationship I will work to form with you!
Do you want your relationships to be better? How about your relationship with yourself? Have you experienced trauma in important relationships and struggle with anxiety, depression, guilt, low self esteem? I believe relationships are extremely important in our growth and development. This belief begins with, and is evidenced by, the relationship I will work to form with you!
(512) 942-0737 View (512) 942-0737
Photo of Madison Bragg, Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Madison Bragg
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
4 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome! I am a Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW) specializing in trauma, PTSD, grief and loss, anxiety disorders, and ADHD. My work centers on supporting individuals who are navigating the emotional and psychological effects of overwhelming life experiences—whether that’s the result of chronic stress, adverse childhood events, or even complex trauma rooted in religious or spiritual contexts. I have special insights regarding Christian religions and denominations. I am dedicated to helping individuals on their journey to find peace and healing.
Welcome! I am a Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW) specializing in trauma, PTSD, grief and loss, anxiety disorders, and ADHD. My work centers on supporting individuals who are navigating the emotional and psychological effects of overwhelming life experiences—whether that’s the result of chronic stress, adverse childhood events, or even complex trauma rooted in religious or spiritual contexts. I have special insights regarding Christian religions and denominations. I am dedicated to helping individuals on their journey to find peace and healing.
(737) 530-8540 View (737) 530-8540
Photo of Ian Vassilaros, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Ian Vassilaros
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Licensed Therapist Specializing in Men’s Mental Health, Addiction Recovery, and Couples Therapy in TX, OH, IA, & WI + Telehealth in FL, VT, and SC
Licensed Therapist Specializing in Men’s Mental Health, Addiction Recovery, and Couples Therapy in TX, OH, IA, & WI + Telehealth in FL, VT, and SC
(877) 553-6238 View (877) 553-6238
Photo of Hayley Luhr, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LMSW, LCDC, MA
Hayley Luhr
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LMSW, LCDC, MA
Austin, TX 78701
So you’re sober, or getting sober or thinking about getting sober and now life is hitting. You're facing the more complex, uncomfortable, and sometimes embarrassing issues that were buried underneath your use. You're doing the work, but maybe you're starting to feel stuck, restless, and a little lost. Maybe you're feeling disconnected from your body, or have a nagging insecurity that keeps you from feeling like enough. Maybe sex and intimacy are overwhelming. Or maybe you're just tired of getting stuck in the same old cycles, seeing the patterns repeat again and feeling powerless to stop them. This is where I (and Susan) come in.
So you’re sober, or getting sober or thinking about getting sober and now life is hitting. You're facing the more complex, uncomfortable, and sometimes embarrassing issues that were buried underneath your use. You're doing the work, but maybe you're starting to feel stuck, restless, and a little lost. Maybe you're feeling disconnected from your body, or have a nagging insecurity that keeps you from feeling like enough. Maybe sex and intimacy are overwhelming. Or maybe you're just tired of getting stuck in the same old cycles, seeing the patterns repeat again and feeling powerless to stop them. This is where I (and Susan) come in.
(737) 384-8805 View (737) 384-8805
Photo of Lisa Osborn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lisa Osborn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
5 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78704
Are you tired of anxiety running your life? You’re super successful and to some degree you have your shit together, but no matter how hard you work or how much you achieve, it never feels good enough. You’re doing all the “right things” but still feel overwhelmed, stuck, and like a failure for not figuring out how to “fix it.” You’re ready for relief, clarity, and to finally feel like yourself again. I help high-functioning, anxious women slow down, quiet the noise, and step into clarity and confidence.
Are you tired of anxiety running your life? You’re super successful and to some degree you have your shit together, but no matter how hard you work or how much you achieve, it never feels good enough. You’re doing all the “right things” but still feel overwhelmed, stuck, and like a failure for not figuring out how to “fix it.” You’re ready for relief, clarity, and to finally feel like yourself again. I help high-functioning, anxious women slow down, quiet the noise, and step into clarity and confidence.
(512) 877-9545 View (512) 877-9545
Photo of Frederick H Fox II, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Frederick H Fox II
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Austin, TX 78731
Frederick Fox applies his extensive experience in clarifying and creating a path for resolving career, family and communication issues. His goal is for you to increase your sense of control and develop a positive expectation for your life. He goes as fast or as slow as fits your current situation. He looks forward to assisting adults over 25 who are committing energy towards achieving their goals.
Frederick Fox applies his extensive experience in clarifying and creating a path for resolving career, family and communication issues. His goal is for you to increase your sense of control and develop a positive expectation for your life. He goes as fast or as slow as fits your current situation. He looks forward to assisting adults over 25 who are committing energy towards achieving their goals.
(512) 675-1190 View (512) 675-1190
Photo of Paula Ramirez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Paula Ramirez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Austin, TX 78701
It takes immense courage to show up for yourself and acknowledge the parts of you that are in pain. Trauma often rewrites our internal narratives and this can deeply impact the relationship we have with ourselves. I believe that through therapy, it is possible to cultivate self-compassion and begin shifting narratives that keep us from embracing our fullest selves. My practice is rooted in anti-oppressive values and I am to create a space that acknowledges systemic barriers while supporting your healing and growth.
It takes immense courage to show up for yourself and acknowledge the parts of you that are in pain. Trauma often rewrites our internal narratives and this can deeply impact the relationship we have with ourselves. I believe that through therapy, it is possible to cultivate self-compassion and begin shifting narratives that keep us from embracing our fullest selves. My practice is rooted in anti-oppressive values and I am to create a space that acknowledges systemic barriers while supporting your healing and growth.
(737) 343-9172 View (737) 343-9172
Photo of Amanda Ebner, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amanda Ebner
Licensed Professional Counselor
Online Only
Hello, I'm Mandy, a Licensed Professional Counselor-Supervisor with over 15 years of experience as a psychotherapist. Throughout my career, I've had the privilege of working in both medical and academic settings, which has enriched my understanding of the diverse challenges individuals face. One of my favorite quotes by Viktor Frankl is, 'Between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and freedom.' I believe counseling creates the space to see where our power is and is not.
Hello, I'm Mandy, a Licensed Professional Counselor-Supervisor with over 15 years of experience as a psychotherapist. Throughout my career, I've had the privilege of working in both medical and academic settings, which has enriched my understanding of the diverse challenges individuals face. One of my favorite quotes by Viktor Frankl is, 'Between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and freedom.' I believe counseling creates the space to see where our power is and is not.
(737) 214-9369 View (737) 214-9369
Photo of Louise E Sawaki, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Louise E Sawaki
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78750
If you find it difficult to self-reflect amid the clanging of many voices, especially if those inner voices are critical or anxious and leave you feeling stuck, you could choose to ignore the voices, or you could choose to talk to someone! It may help to know that you are not alone. Many people struggle to untangle the stories in their minds. Some planted there by early and enduring traumas. Therapy is an invitation to connect to wounded parts of yourself that have been left behind, and to hear them out. Therapy invites you to listen to those silenced stories and uncover a True Self.
If you find it difficult to self-reflect amid the clanging of many voices, especially if those inner voices are critical or anxious and leave you feeling stuck, you could choose to ignore the voices, or you could choose to talk to someone! It may help to know that you are not alone. Many people struggle to untangle the stories in their minds. Some planted there by early and enduring traumas. Therapy is an invitation to connect to wounded parts of yourself that have been left behind, and to hear them out. Therapy invites you to listen to those silenced stories and uncover a True Self.
(737) 204-1838 View (737) 204-1838
Photo of Alicia Salinas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Alicia Salinas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker Supervisor (LCSW-S) with over 10 years of experience working with teens and adults navigating depression, anxiety and trauma. I also love helping people who have moments in life when something "feels off" even when it's hard to name exactly what’s missing. Whether you’re feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or simply seeking deeper understanding and growth, you don’t have to figure it out alone.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker Supervisor (LCSW-S) with over 10 years of experience working with teens and adults navigating depression, anxiety and trauma. I also love helping people who have moments in life when something "feels off" even when it's hard to name exactly what’s missing. Whether you’re feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or simply seeking deeper understanding and growth, you don’t have to figure it out alone.
(737) 347-1134 View (737) 347-1134
Photo of Elsa Ramirez, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LPCA
Elsa Ramirez
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LPCA
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You may be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally drained, or like you're just going through the motions. Maybe you're managing the weight of trauma, navigating major life transitions, or feeling torn between cultural or generational expectations. You might look like you have it all together, but inside, you feel anxious, stuck, or disconnected. Deep down, you’re searching for clarity, relief, and a safe space to be truly heard. You want to feel balanced, supported, and empowered to take back control of your life, even if you're not sure how to begin.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally drained, or like you're just going through the motions. Maybe you're managing the weight of trauma, navigating major life transitions, or feeling torn between cultural or generational expectations. You might look like you have it all together, but inside, you feel anxious, stuck, or disconnected. Deep down, you’re searching for clarity, relief, and a safe space to be truly heard. You want to feel balanced, supported, and empowered to take back control of your life, even if you're not sure how to begin.
(512) 572-4254 View (512) 572-4254
Photo of Dr. Kayla Abbatello, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Kayla Abbatello
Psychologist, PsyD
3 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78746
I approach therapy with the intent to get to know you on a core level. This includes understanding your feelings, thoughts, behaviors, desires, and relationships. We then collaboratively use this information to make meaning of your experiences both past and present. I pay attention to your emotional presence and seek to understand how your past experiences may be leading you to protect yourself from vulnerability and uncomfortable feelings. This understanding can help you engage more actively with yourself and enriches your interpersonal relationships.
I approach therapy with the intent to get to know you on a core level. This includes understanding your feelings, thoughts, behaviors, desires, and relationships. We then collaboratively use this information to make meaning of your experiences both past and present. I pay attention to your emotional presence and seek to understand how your past experiences may be leading you to protect yourself from vulnerability and uncomfortable feelings. This understanding can help you engage more actively with yourself and enriches your interpersonal relationships.
(737) 252-1471 View (737) 252-1471
Photo of Elizabeth Minger, Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, RPT ™, NCC
Elizabeth Minger
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, RPT ™, NCC
3 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78746
Accepting NEW clients in 2026! Life can bring unexpected challenges, and deciding to start therapy (for yourself or your child) can feel like a big step. I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor and Registered Play Therapist, and I believe therapy can be helpful for anyone, from ages 3 to 100. Whether you’re a child, teen, or adult, we all need extra support at times. My goal is to provide a safe, welcoming, and accepting space where you or your child can feel comfortable taking the first steps toward growth and healing.
Accepting NEW clients in 2026! Life can bring unexpected challenges, and deciding to start therapy (for yourself or your child) can feel like a big step. I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor and Registered Play Therapist, and I believe therapy can be helpful for anyone, from ages 3 to 100. Whether you’re a child, teen, or adult, we all need extra support at times. My goal is to provide a safe, welcoming, and accepting space where you or your child can feel comfortable taking the first steps toward growth and healing.
(737) 234-2319 View (737) 234-2319

See more therapy options for Austin

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Austin, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Austin, TX who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
72% Cigna and Evernorth
68% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Austin, TX see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Austin?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.