Therapists in Austin, TX

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Photo of Stephanie Garza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Stephanie Garza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MDiv, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78748
Although beautiful, life can bring chaos and moments of pain sometimes creating mental, emotional and spiritual wounds. Therapy can be a space to tend to those wounds finding strength in our adversity. I support clients by exploring their experiences integrating relational healing, spirituality, and grief work with the goal of overcoming hardships making space for more joy, wellness, and love.
Although beautiful, life can bring chaos and moments of pain sometimes creating mental, emotional and spiritual wounds. Therapy can be a space to tend to those wounds finding strength in our adversity. I support clients by exploring their experiences integrating relational healing, spirituality, and grief work with the goal of overcoming hardships making space for more joy, wellness, and love.
(512) 817-2454 View (512) 817-2454
Photo of Amber Baldwin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Amber Baldwin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78751
As a psychotherapist, my role is to help facilitate and support you, the client, in discovering, processing, and most importantly, deciding if changing some strategies you have needed to implement in negotiating your life is a next step in your treatment. It can take time to identify influencing factors in the problems experienced in life. Through the development of a safe and trusting therapeutic relationship, we will identify issues, if not already clear to you, and take action in the therapeutic relationship itself to develop the relational, emotional, and or behavioral skills you determine need to be the focus of your treatment.
As a psychotherapist, my role is to help facilitate and support you, the client, in discovering, processing, and most importantly, deciding if changing some strategies you have needed to implement in negotiating your life is a next step in your treatment. It can take time to identify influencing factors in the problems experienced in life. Through the development of a safe and trusting therapeutic relationship, we will identify issues, if not already clear to you, and take action in the therapeutic relationship itself to develop the relational, emotional, and or behavioral skills you determine need to be the focus of your treatment.
(512) 872-2446 View (512) 872-2446
Photo of Andy Fernandez, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Austin, TX
Andy Fernandez
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78748
Andy believes that each person has a unique story to tell and works collaboratively with individuals, couples, and families to better understand themselves and find the best path forward. The first step on this path is in the fostering of a welcoming and inclusive environment for his clients, which begins by being curious and allowing them to speak their voice.
Andy believes that each person has a unique story to tell and works collaboratively with individuals, couples, and families to better understand themselves and find the best path forward. The first step on this path is in the fostering of a welcoming and inclusive environment for his clients, which begins by being curious and allowing them to speak their voice.
(512) 640-0659 View (512) 640-0659
Photo of Lara Marie Mcfeely, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Lara Marie Mcfeely
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78745  (Online Only)
Welcome! Now is a great time to make some positive changes. My specialties include working with couples and individual adults. We focus on building healthy relationships, setting boundaries, managing anxiety, OCD, exploring family dynamics and boosting coping skills. I work with adult trauma, relational trauma, grief and challenging life seasons. With couples, we practice effective communication, build understanding, set realistic expectations, and pursue emotional safety. We address family of origin and other individual struggles, and (re) create a meaningful connection with each other. My worldview is Christian.
Welcome! Now is a great time to make some positive changes. My specialties include working with couples and individual adults. We focus on building healthy relationships, setting boundaries, managing anxiety, OCD, exploring family dynamics and boosting coping skills. I work with adult trauma, relational trauma, grief and challenging life seasons. With couples, we practice effective communication, build understanding, set realistic expectations, and pursue emotional safety. We address family of origin and other individual struggles, and (re) create a meaningful connection with each other. My worldview is Christian.
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Photo of Joy Welch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Joy Welch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78701  (Online Only)
I accept you as you are! In therapy, you'll find a safe place to just "be". And feel supported - no matter who you are, what you’ve been through, or what your current situation is. As a multiracial family member, I celebrate all diversity, am inclusive, and welcome all clients. Together, will explore what is holding you back from a more fulfilling relationship, job, or life. You will be given the opportunity and tools to make positive changes that support your needs and goals. Let’s start where you are. And see where you may go...
I accept you as you are! In therapy, you'll find a safe place to just "be". And feel supported - no matter who you are, what you’ve been through, or what your current situation is. As a multiracial family member, I celebrate all diversity, am inclusive, and welcome all clients. Together, will explore what is holding you back from a more fulfilling relationship, job, or life. You will be given the opportunity and tools to make positive changes that support your needs and goals. Let’s start where you are. And see where you may go...
(832) 479-4011 View (832) 479-4011
Photo of A World of Respect, Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
A World of Respect
Marriage & Family Therapist, LPC-S, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78723
Susanne Slay-Westbrook, Licensed Professional Counselor-Supervisor and Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist-Supervisor, author and founder of A World of Respect, has been helping couples, families, children and individuals of all ages overcome relational, behavioral and emotional conflicts since 1984. By applying Respect-Focused Therapy, an approach which emphasizes respect as the centerpiece of therapy, I help clients identify and overcome hurtful patterns, resolve conflicts. past or present, and develop effective coping strategies in everyday life. I've written a new book, "Respect-FocusedTherapy: Honoring Clients Through the Therapeutic Relationship and Process," Routledge Pub. Available Oct. 1, 2 016.
Susanne Slay-Westbrook, Licensed Professional Counselor-Supervisor and Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist-Supervisor, author and founder of A World of Respect, has been helping couples, families, children and individuals of all ages overcome relational, behavioral and emotional conflicts since 1984. By applying Respect-Focused Therapy, an approach which emphasizes respect as the centerpiece of therapy, I help clients identify and overcome hurtful patterns, resolve conflicts. past or present, and develop effective coping strategies in everyday life. I've written a new book, "Respect-FocusedTherapy: Honoring Clients Through the Therapeutic Relationship and Process," Routledge Pub. Available Oct. 1, 2 016.
(512) 649-0127 View (512) 649-0127
Photo of Claudia Amaris, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Claudia Amaris
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78705  (Online Only)
Welcome to counseling, I've been a counselor since 2014 and feel honored to work with anyone seeking additional help to get their life back. Sometimes, your life doesn't feel right and things aren't going your way. We can work on that. Whether you are going through a difficult time adjusting to unforeseen things or you haven't felt quite yourself for a while. There are many reasons that people seek counseling and I believe that everyone is different, needing individualized therapeutic treatment.
Welcome to counseling, I've been a counselor since 2014 and feel honored to work with anyone seeking additional help to get their life back. Sometimes, your life doesn't feel right and things aren't going your way. We can work on that. Whether you are going through a difficult time adjusting to unforeseen things or you haven't felt quite yourself for a while. There are many reasons that people seek counseling and I believe that everyone is different, needing individualized therapeutic treatment.
(512) 861-7170 View (512) 861-7170
Photo of Stephanie Banuelos, Psychologist in Austin, TX
Stephanie Banuelos
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
Not accepting new clients
My work with all ages involves fostering a safe holding environment that consists of empathy, compassion, and acceptance, where the client is encouraged to bring their genuine selves into the room. I am interested in exploring the impact of early childhood experiences on an individual’s sense of self. While the therapeutic journey can feel overwhelming, I will work towards helping you understand yourself in a deeper way. My process consists of creating a safe space for you to feel your emotions, bring awareness to your reactions, and then facilitate an understanding of how your experiences have influenced you as a person.
My work with all ages involves fostering a safe holding environment that consists of empathy, compassion, and acceptance, where the client is encouraged to bring their genuine selves into the room. I am interested in exploring the impact of early childhood experiences on an individual’s sense of self. While the therapeutic journey can feel overwhelming, I will work towards helping you understand yourself in a deeper way. My process consists of creating a safe space for you to feel your emotions, bring awareness to your reactions, and then facilitate an understanding of how your experiences have influenced you as a person.
(512) 991-0508 View (512) 991-0508
Photo of Vreny Palacios, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Vreny Palacios
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78734  (Online Only)
Welcome to a space dedicated to your mental well-being & personal growth. I'm committed to providing support and guidance as you navigate life's challenges. With a compassionate, client-centered approach, I create a safe environment where you can explore your thoughts and emotions openly. We will work collaboratively to foster self-discovery, resilience, and positive change. Whether you're facing specific issues or seeking personal development, I'm here to assist you on your journey toward a more fulfilling and balanced life. Take the first step towards a brighter tomorrow – let's embark on this transformative process together!
Welcome to a space dedicated to your mental well-being & personal growth. I'm committed to providing support and guidance as you navigate life's challenges. With a compassionate, client-centered approach, I create a safe environment where you can explore your thoughts and emotions openly. We will work collaboratively to foster self-discovery, resilience, and positive change. Whether you're facing specific issues or seeking personal development, I'm here to assist you on your journey toward a more fulfilling and balanced life. Take the first step towards a brighter tomorrow – let's embark on this transformative process together!
(512) 598-4487 View (512) 598-4487
Photo of Renee Villanueva, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Renee Villanueva
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78757  (Online Only)
There are moments in life when we feel stuck and navigating life feels difficult. Therapy is a great tool to gain greater clarity & deep emotional healing. Together, we can uncover blocks that may be preventing you from living a life of authenticity and deep emotional healing. My primary interests are working with women and mothers with anxiety, struggling with life transitions, relationship challenges, trauma-based symptoms & diagnosis, career transitions, balancing self-care and parenting challenges.
There are moments in life when we feel stuck and navigating life feels difficult. Therapy is a great tool to gain greater clarity & deep emotional healing. Together, we can uncover blocks that may be preventing you from living a life of authenticity and deep emotional healing. My primary interests are working with women and mothers with anxiety, struggling with life transitions, relationship challenges, trauma-based symptoms & diagnosis, career transitions, balancing self-care and parenting challenges.
(737) 200-2399 View (737) 200-2399
Photo of Topaz ABA in Austin, TX
Topaz ABA
MA, BCBA, LBA
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
Topaz ABA provides behavior therapy and autism services to children and adolescents throughout the Austin and surrounding areas. We provide services in the home, in the community, or via telehealth.
Topaz ABA provides behavior therapy and autism services to children and adolescents throughout the Austin and surrounding areas. We provide services in the home, in the community, or via telehealth.
(512) 488-3767 View (512) 488-3767
Photo of Alive Austin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Alive Austin
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78723
Why Us? Alive Austin is creating a new paradigm for what's possible with regard to your healing... With 15+ therapists, we will have a match for you. On our website, you can virtually meet all of our therapists. Set up an initial consult(s) at no charge. Switch therapists for any reason. It's your healing...it should be your choice. With our diversity and depth of expertise, you will receive informed, current, comprehensive services. Our goal is for you to achieve the maximum benefits possible, in the shortest amount of time, and at the lowest cost.
Why Us? Alive Austin is creating a new paradigm for what's possible with regard to your healing... With 15+ therapists, we will have a match for you. On our website, you can virtually meet all of our therapists. Set up an initial consult(s) at no charge. Switch therapists for any reason. It's your healing...it should be your choice. With our diversity and depth of expertise, you will receive informed, current, comprehensive services. Our goal is for you to achieve the maximum benefits possible, in the shortest amount of time, and at the lowest cost.
(512) 686-4831 View (512) 686-4831
Photo of Maria Wesley Pinion, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
Maria Wesley Pinion
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSAT, CCBRT-c
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78746
Are you struggling with sexual behaviors you've promised yourself you'll stop? Is your spouse's porn use or sexual betrayal threatening your marriage? I offer Individual and Couples counseling for those whose relationship is struggling due to Porn or Sex Addiction as well as counseling for Partners of Betrayal Trauma. Many couples struggling with Sex Addiction or Infidelity want to heal their relationship and learn how to return to connection and intimacy. As a Certified Sex Addiction Therapist and a specialist in Couples Betrayal Recovery therapy, I will help you navigate the waters of recovering from infidelity.
Are you struggling with sexual behaviors you've promised yourself you'll stop? Is your spouse's porn use or sexual betrayal threatening your marriage? I offer Individual and Couples counseling for those whose relationship is struggling due to Porn or Sex Addiction as well as counseling for Partners of Betrayal Trauma. Many couples struggling with Sex Addiction or Infidelity want to heal their relationship and learn how to return to connection and intimacy. As a Certified Sex Addiction Therapist and a specialist in Couples Betrayal Recovery therapy, I will help you navigate the waters of recovering from infidelity.
(512) 229-9767 View (512) 229-9767
Photo of Cassidy Laminack, Marriage & Family Therapist in Austin, TX
Cassidy Laminack
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78759  (Online Only)
Are you feeling dysphoric? Disconnected? Alone? My counseling style is focused on providing a warm, queer-informed, and collaborative environment where my clients and I work together to generate change and healing. I operate from a strengths-based systemic perspective meaning I believe you are the expert in your own life and seek to support you in achieving your interpersonal goals. I am passionate about empowering my clients in navigating the complex systems they feel enmeshed in. I specialize in working with gender creative, intersex, LGBT individuals and families, family groups, couples and folks of all ages and intersections.
Are you feeling dysphoric? Disconnected? Alone? My counseling style is focused on providing a warm, queer-informed, and collaborative environment where my clients and I work together to generate change and healing. I operate from a strengths-based systemic perspective meaning I believe you are the expert in your own life and seek to support you in achieving your interpersonal goals. I am passionate about empowering my clients in navigating the complex systems they feel enmeshed in. I specialize in working with gender creative, intersex, LGBT individuals and families, family groups, couples and folks of all ages and intersections.
(512) 686-5734 View (512) 686-5734
Photo of Kayla Chauvin, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Kayla Chauvin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78725  (Online Only)
Welcome! Feeling like you can connect with a potential therapist is an essential guide in your search for one, so I invite you to listen to the voice that nudges you towards or away from any given clinician. I encourage you to reach out to me if you sense a possible connection to my work- I would be honored to be part of your journey.
Welcome! Feeling like you can connect with a potential therapist is an essential guide in your search for one, so I invite you to listen to the voice that nudges you towards or away from any given clinician. I encourage you to reach out to me if you sense a possible connection to my work- I would be honored to be part of your journey.
(737) 252-4190 View (737) 252-4190
Photo of La'Shandria Penn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Austin, TX
La'Shandria Penn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78701  (Online Only)
I have experience working in community-based, outpatient and inpatient Mental Health Settings. I have a passion for working with young and older adults in order to assist them on their journey to wellness. I have experience working with adolescents and adults utilizing interventions from cognitive-behavioral therapy, strengths-based, solution-focused approaches, and mindfulness practices.
I have experience working in community-based, outpatient and inpatient Mental Health Settings. I have a passion for working with young and older adults in order to assist them on their journey to wellness. I have experience working with adolescents and adults utilizing interventions from cognitive-behavioral therapy, strengths-based, solution-focused approaches, and mindfulness practices.
(512) 641-0856 View (512) 641-0856
Photo of Jennifer Snow, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Jennifer Snow
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78750
For many the decision to come into counseling or bring a child into counseling is a big step. My goal is to help ease this time for you through building a therapeutic relationship and helping to equip you with tools to ease these seasons in your life. I have been in private practice for the past 4 years. My background includes working with women in recovery for a variety of issues, including: codependency, depression, anxiety and abuse, as well as ten years experience with school age children in the public schools.
For many the decision to come into counseling or bring a child into counseling is a big step. My goal is to help ease this time for you through building a therapeutic relationship and helping to equip you with tools to ease these seasons in your life. I have been in private practice for the past 4 years. My background includes working with women in recovery for a variety of issues, including: codependency, depression, anxiety and abuse, as well as ten years experience with school age children in the public schools.
(512) 270-3889 View (512) 270-3889
Photo of Carl Funk, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Carl Funk
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759
We learn how to think about our thinking, and know about our knowing. We can learn how to be aware of our awareness, and explore our wiring and making a motion to rewire, if needed. I believe that we must learn to be vulnerable. Practicing vulnerability isn't about doing something for others. You're creating a soil, rich soil for you and your growth. You are raising your potential. You are positioning yourself. You are building a better, stronger you. I also believe that it is important in therapy that the client begin to look inward of themselves.
We learn how to think about our thinking, and know about our knowing. We can learn how to be aware of our awareness, and explore our wiring and making a motion to rewire, if needed. I believe that we must learn to be vulnerable. Practicing vulnerability isn't about doing something for others. You're creating a soil, rich soil for you and your growth. You are raising your potential. You are positioning yourself. You are building a better, stronger you. I also believe that it is important in therapy that the client begin to look inward of themselves.
(737) 264-7806 View (737) 264-7806
Photo of Anchor of Hope Therapy , Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Austin, TX
Anchor of Hope Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78738
Hi! Are you looking for new ways to communicate and connect with your partner? Are you tired of repeated patterns of behavior or thought that lead only to frustration? Are you struggling with anxiety or depression and want more peace and fulfillment in your life? Do you notice past hurts that cause distress for yourself or in your relationships? I am dedicated to providing my clients a safe space where you can work on improving yourself and relationships to find lasting change!
Hi! Are you looking for new ways to communicate and connect with your partner? Are you tired of repeated patterns of behavior or thought that lead only to frustration? Are you struggling with anxiety or depression and want more peace and fulfillment in your life? Do you notice past hurts that cause distress for yourself or in your relationships? I am dedicated to providing my clients a safe space where you can work on improving yourself and relationships to find lasting change!
(830) 268-0102 View (830) 268-0102
Photo of Crystalyn Jass Kirkpatrick, Licensed Professional Counselor in Austin, TX
Crystalyn Jass Kirkpatrick
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78746  (Online Only)
Hi there. I’m Crystalyn and I’m a psychotherapist and counselor that specializes in Internal Family Systems therapy. I help clients bridge the gap from feelings of inadequacy, worry, burnout, frustration, and overwhelm to a place with more balance and harmony. In therapy we will work together to find the core place within yourself that holds confidence, courage, clarity, and creativity that can give you what you need to create internal change that allows you to go out into the world and make the difference you want to make without sacrificing yourself to the point of defeat.
Hi there. I’m Crystalyn and I’m a psychotherapist and counselor that specializes in Internal Family Systems therapy. I help clients bridge the gap from feelings of inadequacy, worry, burnout, frustration, and overwhelm to a place with more balance and harmony. In therapy we will work together to find the core place within yourself that holds confidence, courage, clarity, and creativity that can give you what you need to create internal change that allows you to go out into the world and make the difference you want to make without sacrificing yourself to the point of defeat.
(210) 741-8329 View (210) 741-8329

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Austin, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Austin, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Stress
69% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
65% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Austin, TX see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Austin?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.