Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

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Photo of Jasmine Harlan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Jasmine Harlan
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19143  (Online Only)
My clients come from a wide range of backgrounds but all have one thing in common - a need for support and connection. As a therapist I play many roles: the listener, the supportive cheerleader, the teacher, the witness, the container and more. My goal is to provide a safe and validating space for my clients to explore their innermost thoughts, feelings, memories, and desires without judgment. I am not here to "fix" you - rather, I am here to serve as your guide to wellness and life satisfaction. This process can look different for everyone!
My clients come from a wide range of backgrounds but all have one thing in common - a need for support and connection. As a therapist I play many roles: the listener, the supportive cheerleader, the teacher, the witness, the container and more. My goal is to provide a safe and validating space for my clients to explore their innermost thoughts, feelings, memories, and desires without judgment. I am not here to "fix" you - rather, I am here to serve as your guide to wellness and life satisfaction. This process can look different for everyone!
(267) 651-8291 View (267) 651-8291
Photo of Holly Olshefski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Holly Olshefski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19147
I specialize in therapy care for children, teens, young adults & families. Parents are included as part of the therapy process from start to finish. Individual clients are seen as well using a relational and humanistic lens. Issues you may want to focus on: building cooperation & fostering openness instead of hostility & defiance; growing self esteem & confidence instead of fearfulness, clinging & sadness; increasing tolerance, self control instead of tantrums & aggression. Our work will heal family patterns of discord, hurt & division & will help children along their journey of becoming a confident, well rounded individual.
I specialize in therapy care for children, teens, young adults & families. Parents are included as part of the therapy process from start to finish. Individual clients are seen as well using a relational and humanistic lens. Issues you may want to focus on: building cooperation & fostering openness instead of hostility & defiance; growing self esteem & confidence instead of fearfulness, clinging & sadness; increasing tolerance, self control instead of tantrums & aggression. Our work will heal family patterns of discord, hurt & division & will help children along their journey of becoming a confident, well rounded individual.
(215) 600-4791 View (215) 600-4791
Photo of Daniel Cantor, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Daniel Cantor
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19143  (Online Only)
Therapy is a conversation that helps you feel better and understand your life more. The process of talking to another person about your life is surprisingly simple in the hands of a skilled listener. This conversation is the art and science of psychotherapy, and the fingerprint of the therapist is the attitude and skill they bring to facilitate this healing exploration.
Therapy is a conversation that helps you feel better and understand your life more. The process of talking to another person about your life is surprisingly simple in the hands of a skilled listener. This conversation is the art and science of psychotherapy, and the fingerprint of the therapist is the attitude and skill they bring to facilitate this healing exploration.
(215) 977-4795 x709 View (215) 977-4795 x709
Photo of Pamela Schade, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Pamela Schade, LPC, NCC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Pamela Schade, LPC, NCC, is a licensed professional counselor in Pennsylvania and is board certified. Pamela has 20 years of experience in assisting many people in need (children, adults, and seniors) who have struggled with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, addictions, low self-esteem, mental illness, grief & loss, trauma, and anger issues. Pamela earned her Masters of Science Degree in Counseling from Texas A&M University. She focuses on individual and couples' counseling. Pamela offers individual counseling and marital counseling for enhancing relationships, decreasing marital discord, increasing trust, improving conflict management, decreasing worry and anxiety, and lessening the burden of having irrational thoughts, negative thinking, and irritable moods. What is the root of our problems? Why do we have feelings? What is the importance of having feelings? We have feelings so we can connect with one another. Human beings are social beings who need support from the people in their lives.
Pamela Schade, LPC, NCC, is a licensed professional counselor in Pennsylvania and is board certified. Pamela has 20 years of experience in assisting many people in need (children, adults, and seniors) who have struggled with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, addictions, low self-esteem, mental illness, grief & loss, trauma, and anger issues. Pamela earned her Masters of Science Degree in Counseling from Texas A&M University. She focuses on individual and couples' counseling. Pamela offers individual counseling and marital counseling for enhancing relationships, decreasing marital discord, increasing trust, improving conflict management, decreasing worry and anxiety, and lessening the burden of having irrational thoughts, negative thinking, and irritable moods. What is the root of our problems? Why do we have feelings? What is the importance of having feelings? We have feelings so we can connect with one another. Human beings are social beings who need support from the people in their lives.
(267) 519-2449 View (267) 519-2449
Photo of Adam Taupin, Psychologist in Philadelphia, PA
Adam Taupin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
I pride myself in tailoring my therapeutic approach to each client. My goal is to be as open as possible with my clients in continuing to look at why a specific treatment modality is being used. Transparency is an especially important part of the process. I also enjoy using humor as a way to build therapeutic rapport and as a tool for healing through self-empowerment.
I pride myself in tailoring my therapeutic approach to each client. My goal is to be as open as possible with my clients in continuing to look at why a specific treatment modality is being used. Transparency is an especially important part of the process. I also enjoy using humor as a way to build therapeutic rapport and as a tool for healing through self-empowerment.
(267) 627-3787 View (267) 627-3787
Photo of Rachel Milberg, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Rachel Milberg
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Welcome! I'm Rachel. In my therapy, I care about building a space with you that is safe and uniquely yours, where you can share what is on your mind and feel supported in making meaningful changes to your life. I believe in the power of being heard and understood, and strive to create a comfortable, non-judgmental therapeutic experience for those I work with. I use a relational and systemic framework by exploring challenges in the context of our world and our relationships. I bring my personality into my work, including my sense of humor, curiosity, and compassion. I look forward to learning more about you and your goals!
Welcome! I'm Rachel. In my therapy, I care about building a space with you that is safe and uniquely yours, where you can share what is on your mind and feel supported in making meaningful changes to your life. I believe in the power of being heard and understood, and strive to create a comfortable, non-judgmental therapeutic experience for those I work with. I use a relational and systemic framework by exploring challenges in the context of our world and our relationships. I bring my personality into my work, including my sense of humor, curiosity, and compassion. I look forward to learning more about you and your goals!
(267) 214-8815 View (267) 214-8815
Photo of Carmen Altopiedi LCSW Therapy Works , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Carmen Altopiedi LCSW Therapy Works
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19130
Carmen Altopiedi L.C.S.W. Therapy Works During Difficult times in life, we may experience feelings of loneliness, isolation and sadness; these are very normal reactions to situations and traumas we encounter. I would like to assist in coping with some of these feelings. Part of my experience as a seasoned therapist is to assist and listen, and together we can tackle life’s challenges, leading to a healthier outlook on life. Please feel free to contact me email or call 484-401-9130
Carmen Altopiedi L.C.S.W. Therapy Works During Difficult times in life, we may experience feelings of loneliness, isolation and sadness; these are very normal reactions to situations and traumas we encounter. I would like to assist in coping with some of these feelings. Part of my experience as a seasoned therapist is to assist and listen, and together we can tackle life’s challenges, leading to a healthier outlook on life. Please feel free to contact me email or call 484-401-9130
(215) 398-1930 View (215) 398-1930
Photo of Kristen March, Marriage & Family Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Kristen March
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19104  (Online Only)
Do you often feel weighed down by feelings of anxiety, stress, or depression? Do you find it difficult to manage your relationships with your significant other or family members? Together, we will work on finding strategies and coping skills to help you manage your day-to-day life. I am a board certified Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and earned my Master’s degree from La Salle University in Philadelphia. I have provided therapeutic services to children, teens, adults, families, and couples.
Do you often feel weighed down by feelings of anxiety, stress, or depression? Do you find it difficult to manage your relationships with your significant other or family members? Together, we will work on finding strategies and coping skills to help you manage your day-to-day life. I am a board certified Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and earned my Master’s degree from La Salle University in Philadelphia. I have provided therapeutic services to children, teens, adults, families, and couples.
(717) 423-1593 View (717) 423-1593
Photo of Olivia Bijou Snyder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Olivia Bijou Snyder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19148  (Online Only)
Finding a therapist that's a good fit for you is essential. My specific approach to counseling is empowerment-based, process oriented, and solutions-focused. I find that learning about one's own motivations, strengthening the empathy response, facing fears, and dismantling barriers are what lead to healing, fulfillment, personal growth and freedom. My style is to be curious and challenging, is generally discussion-based, and always leaves room for humor and freedom of expression. I have been supervising MSW students for over a decade, and am currently building a supervision practice for PA LSWs seeking mentorship.
Finding a therapist that's a good fit for you is essential. My specific approach to counseling is empowerment-based, process oriented, and solutions-focused. I find that learning about one's own motivations, strengthening the empathy response, facing fears, and dismantling barriers are what lead to healing, fulfillment, personal growth and freedom. My style is to be curious and challenging, is generally discussion-based, and always leaves room for humor and freedom of expression. I have been supervising MSW students for over a decade, and am currently building a supervision practice for PA LSWs seeking mentorship.
(215) 774-5327 View (215) 774-5327
Photo of Elizabeth Miner-Worland, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Elizabeth Miner-Worland
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19125
My approach to therapy is based on the belief that every person has the strength and resilience within them to overcome challenges and create change in their lives. By exploring the stories we tell ourselves and others about our experiences, we can gain a deeper understanding of ourselves and our relationships. Through this process we can create new narratives that empower us to live more fulfilling lives.
My approach to therapy is based on the belief that every person has the strength and resilience within them to overcome challenges and create change in their lives. By exploring the stories we tell ourselves and others about our experiences, we can gain a deeper understanding of ourselves and our relationships. Through this process we can create new narratives that empower us to live more fulfilling lives.
(267) 641-9985 View (267) 641-9985
Photo of Melanie Swencki, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Melanie Swencki
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Melanie! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 25 years of experience as a clinician in a variety of settings.
Hi, I'm Melanie! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 25 years of experience as a clinician in a variety of settings.
(484) 715-0786 View (484) 715-0786
Photo of Jodi Plowman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Jodi Plowman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
I believe in creating a safe environment for individuals to feel comfortable to begin the process of self-discovery, growth, and healing. I believe that therapy is a collaborative endeavor that requires genuine caring without judgment. I assist individuals in clarifying their goals for treatment, rather than adopting one modality for all individuals and presenting problems.
I believe in creating a safe environment for individuals to feel comfortable to begin the process of self-discovery, growth, and healing. I believe that therapy is a collaborative endeavor that requires genuine caring without judgment. I assist individuals in clarifying their goals for treatment, rather than adopting one modality for all individuals and presenting problems.
(484) 214-2694 View (484) 214-2694
Photo of Mitchell Wright, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Mitchell Wright
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19110
Feeling comfortable, supported, and safe are imperative for your therapeutic experience. I prioritize a person-centered approach, embracing every client wholeheartedly. Together, we'll delve into the patterns of your thoughts, emotions, actions, and values to foster a richer self-awareness and awareness of your relationships with others. I am passionate about providing a non-judgmental and open space to explore your experiences and help you overcome any challenges. I also have experience helping individuals recover from substance use issues and build a healthy relationship with alcohol and drugs.
Feeling comfortable, supported, and safe are imperative for your therapeutic experience. I prioritize a person-centered approach, embracing every client wholeheartedly. Together, we'll delve into the patterns of your thoughts, emotions, actions, and values to foster a richer self-awareness and awareness of your relationships with others. I am passionate about providing a non-judgmental and open space to explore your experiences and help you overcome any challenges. I also have experience helping individuals recover from substance use issues and build a healthy relationship with alcohol and drugs.
(267) 710-8560 View (267) 710-8560
Photo of Hannah Gilmore, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Hannah Gilmore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Whether you are coming to therapy for anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, a life change, or just a general sense of unease, facing these issues can be scary. Healing isn’t easy because it involves confronting our pain and hurts. Healing can also be full of joy, hope, connection, and freedom as we experience new possibilities of being and relating. My approach is warm, relational, and integrative. I strive to offer a space where you can feel safe enough to look inward – to gently and compassionately welcome all parts of yourself with less judgment and shame.
Whether you are coming to therapy for anxiety, depression, grief, relationship issues, a life change, or just a general sense of unease, facing these issues can be scary. Healing isn’t easy because it involves confronting our pain and hurts. Healing can also be full of joy, hope, connection, and freedom as we experience new possibilities of being and relating. My approach is warm, relational, and integrative. I strive to offer a space where you can feel safe enough to look inward – to gently and compassionately welcome all parts of yourself with less judgment and shame.
(267) 662-1763 View (267) 662-1763
Photo of Lisa Stepelevich, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Lisa Stepelevich
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19109
Are you feeling overwhelmed or overworked? Are you taking on the emotions or wellbeing of others and ending up exhausted? Do you have trouble connecting to your feelings? Even when you do, it’s hard to pinpoint what they are? If you’re feeling depleted from working hard, keeping everything together, then this is the perfect time to change the relationship with yourself and others. This might mean addressing traumatic and/or distressing experiences, working through grief, exploring relational and attachment difficulties, or managing anxiety or depressive symptoms differently.
Are you feeling overwhelmed or overworked? Are you taking on the emotions or wellbeing of others and ending up exhausted? Do you have trouble connecting to your feelings? Even when you do, it’s hard to pinpoint what they are? If you’re feeling depleted from working hard, keeping everything together, then this is the perfect time to change the relationship with yourself and others. This might mean addressing traumatic and/or distressing experiences, working through grief, exploring relational and attachment difficulties, or managing anxiety or depressive symptoms differently.
(267) 435-3064 View (267) 435-3064
Photo of Ann McGonigal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Philadelphia, PA
Ann McGonigal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
You are more resilient than you think. Being here, you are already taking the first step towards wellness. And what does wellness look like for you; more joy, less anxiety, better sleep? Are you adjusting to a new medical condition, amid a life transition or wanting to improve your relationships?
You are more resilient than you think. Being here, you are already taking the first step towards wellness. And what does wellness look like for you; more joy, less anxiety, better sleep? Are you adjusting to a new medical condition, amid a life transition or wanting to improve your relationships?
(484) 893-4655 View (484) 893-4655
Photo of Jessica Ope-Oluwadare, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Jessica Ope-Oluwadare
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, PA & DE
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19143  (Online Only)
Are you confused as to what direction you are going or what steps to take? Is every other decision feeling overwhelming to make? Are you second guessing every action or decision you have ever made? Let's work through those times together and help you regain your confidence. Navigating life decisions required a mindful assessment of where we currently are and where we are going.
Are you confused as to what direction you are going or what steps to take? Is every other decision feeling overwhelming to make? Are you second guessing every action or decision you have ever made? Let's work through those times together and help you regain your confidence. Navigating life decisions required a mindful assessment of where we currently are and where we are going.
(215) 515-0790 View (215) 515-0790
Photo of Aleta Clark, Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Aleta Clark
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Philadelphia, PA 19151  (Online Only)
Leadership demands can often translate anxiety into chronic stress, impacting your ability to think clearly, make decisive choices, and effectively manage your team. This stress not only diminishes your professional performance but also impacts your personal well-being. You’re seeking effective stress management solutions to master this cycle of anxiety and stress, aiming for resilience, clarity, and a restored sense of control. If you aspire to transform these leadership challenges into strengths, let’s collaborate to develop a targeted approach that supports your leadership development goals, enhancing your capacity to lead.
Leadership demands can often translate anxiety into chronic stress, impacting your ability to think clearly, make decisive choices, and effectively manage your team. This stress not only diminishes your professional performance but also impacts your personal well-being. You’re seeking effective stress management solutions to master this cycle of anxiety and stress, aiming for resilience, clarity, and a restored sense of control. If you aspire to transform these leadership challenges into strengths, let’s collaborate to develop a targeted approach that supports your leadership development goals, enhancing your capacity to lead.
(610) 708-1749 View (610) 708-1749
Photo of Yasmine Beydoun, Pre-Licensed Professional in Philadelphia, PA
Yasmine Beydoun
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19102
Sometimes we do everything right and still end up feeling anxious, depressed, or dissatisfied in our day-to-day lives. This can leave us wondering: What am I doing wrong? What’s missing? Therapy creates a space to better understand ourselves and the way our past impacts our present. In sessions, we will uncover emotional and relational patterns that contribute to an overall feeling of dissatisfaction in life. This will provide us with the roadmap to help you build a life that feels full, joyful, and meaningful to you.
Sometimes we do everything right and still end up feeling anxious, depressed, or dissatisfied in our day-to-day lives. This can leave us wondering: What am I doing wrong? What’s missing? Therapy creates a space to better understand ourselves and the way our past impacts our present. In sessions, we will uncover emotional and relational patterns that contribute to an overall feeling of dissatisfaction in life. This will provide us with the roadmap to help you build a life that feels full, joyful, and meaningful to you.
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Photo of Anjalea Noble, Licensed Professional Counselor in Philadelphia, PA
Anjalea Noble
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical and counseling therapist based in Pennsylvania. I have extensive experience treating a wide range of concerns from general life stressors and relational challenges, to more significant clinical concerns such as PTSD and Borderline Personality Disorder. I specialize in treating trauma related disorders in adults, adolescents, and children. I am trained in DBT, PCIT, and TFCBT. I also have experience using Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing.
I am a licensed clinical and counseling therapist based in Pennsylvania. I have extensive experience treating a wide range of concerns from general life stressors and relational challenges, to more significant clinical concerns such as PTSD and Borderline Personality Disorder. I specialize in treating trauma related disorders in adults, adolescents, and children. I am trained in DBT, PCIT, and TFCBT. I also have experience using Mindfulness, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing.
(484) 851-9035 View (484) 851-9035

See more therapy options for Philadelphia

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Philadelphia, PA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in Philadelphia, PA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
74% Self Esteem
71% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills
60% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
65% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Philadelphia, PA see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
20% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Philadelphia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.