Therapists in Boston, MA

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Photo of Alexandra Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Alexandra Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116
My clients often come to therapy grappling with uncertainty, high stress, or loneliness in their lives. Sometimes they are feeling intense emotions, or behaving in ways that are confusing and frustrating for them. They may be feeling disconnected from other people, or feeling overly worried about how others perceive them. They are seeking more connection, peace and balance in their day-to-day.
My clients often come to therapy grappling with uncertainty, high stress, or loneliness in their lives. Sometimes they are feeling intense emotions, or behaving in ways that are confusing and frustrating for them. They may be feeling disconnected from other people, or feeling overly worried about how others perceive them. They are seeking more connection, peace and balance in their day-to-day.
(617) 380-4947 View (617) 380-4947
Photo of Willeen Capehart, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Willeen Capehart
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
Willeen Capehart brings over 11 years of unwavering dedication to the mental health landscape. In addition to being a Certified Trauma Specialist, Willeen also specializes in providing compassionate support to adults and adolescents navigating depression, grief, anxiety, and PTSD. Willeen also specializes in working with athletes to improve mental capacity and sports performance. Willeen is trained to utilize various therapeutic frameworks including, Level 1 Gottman Method for couples therapy, Emotional Focused Therapy for couples and individuals, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and more. ​
Willeen Capehart brings over 11 years of unwavering dedication to the mental health landscape. In addition to being a Certified Trauma Specialist, Willeen also specializes in providing compassionate support to adults and adolescents navigating depression, grief, anxiety, and PTSD. Willeen also specializes in working with athletes to improve mental capacity and sports performance. Willeen is trained to utilize various therapeutic frameworks including, Level 1 Gottman Method for couples therapy, Emotional Focused Therapy for couples and individuals, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and more. ​
(508) 501-7064 View (508) 501-7064
Photo of Nicole Johnson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Boston, MA
Nicole Johnson
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02109  (Online Only)
Hi, my name is Nicole Johnson. I am currently a Master of Social Work student. I have always been passionate about helping others improve their lives in any way that I can. I have experience working with adults in substance use, domestic violence, and mental health. I am dedicated to providing a safe space for you to be open and honest while expressing yourself. I will utilize a strengths-based approach to help you identify and build on your current strengths. In my spare time, I am typically traveling and exploring new places with my family.
Hi, my name is Nicole Johnson. I am currently a Master of Social Work student. I have always been passionate about helping others improve their lives in any way that I can. I have experience working with adults in substance use, domestic violence, and mental health. I am dedicated to providing a safe space for you to be open and honest while expressing yourself. I will utilize a strengths-based approach to help you identify and build on your current strengths. In my spare time, I am typically traveling and exploring new places with my family.
(857) 420-6853 View (857) 420-6853
Photo of Emily Daniels, Pre-Licensed Professional in Boston, MA
Emily Daniels
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114
Emily Daniels is a master's level Clinical Mental Health Counselor with a few years of experience in mental health. She is passionate about helping adolescents, teens, adults, couples, and families develop positive coping skills and creating a therapeutic relationship. She specializes in anxiety, trauma, depression, ADHD, relationship issues, women's issues, life transitions, overall wellness, and self-care. Her background is working with people experiencing homelessness, in which there was a large focus on trauma and its impact. Emily is working toward her LMHC and is eager to embark on a fulfilling journey as a clinician.
Emily Daniels is a master's level Clinical Mental Health Counselor with a few years of experience in mental health. She is passionate about helping adolescents, teens, adults, couples, and families develop positive coping skills and creating a therapeutic relationship. She specializes in anxiety, trauma, depression, ADHD, relationship issues, women's issues, life transitions, overall wellness, and self-care. Her background is working with people experiencing homelessness, in which there was a large focus on trauma and its impact. Emily is working toward her LMHC and is eager to embark on a fulfilling journey as a clinician.
(617) 618-6493 View (617) 618-6493
Photo of Elevation Therapy, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Elevation Therapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02115  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by the effects of trauma in your everyday life? Do you find yourself struggling with anxiety, panic attacks, anger, and sadness, and inadvertently directing those emotions towards your loved ones? Coping with these emotions on your own can be incredibly challenging.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by the effects of trauma in your everyday life? Do you find yourself struggling with anxiety, panic attacks, anger, and sadness, and inadvertently directing those emotions towards your loved ones? Coping with these emotions on your own can be incredibly challenging.
(617) 415-4217 View (617) 415-4217
Photo of Dr. Caroline Abbott, Psychologist in Boston, MA
Dr. Caroline Abbott
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02127  (Online Only)
I specialize in general mental health and flexibly apply evidenced-based treatments to clients with diverse mental health needs. Outside of my part-time private practice, I am also on faculty at Harvard Medical School and work as a Clinical Psychologist at the VA Boston Healthcare System. I earned my doctoral degree from the University of Delaware and completed my internship and postdoctoral fellowship in the Boston VA Healthcare System. It is my goal to help people make meaningful change to enhance their lives and cope with challenges.
I specialize in general mental health and flexibly apply evidenced-based treatments to clients with diverse mental health needs. Outside of my part-time private practice, I am also on faculty at Harvard Medical School and work as a Clinical Psychologist at the VA Boston Healthcare System. I earned my doctoral degree from the University of Delaware and completed my internship and postdoctoral fellowship in the Boston VA Healthcare System. It is my goal to help people make meaningful change to enhance their lives and cope with challenges.
(781) 430-4455 View (781) 430-4455
Photo of Julie Stern, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Julie Stern
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
Through my own lived experience, I can deeply resonate with the realities my Millennial and Gen Z clients face. Dating, social media, politics, finances, and demands from school or work can be so daunting. My main priority as a therapist is to create a non-judgmental, engaging, and approachable environment where you feel empowered to navigate these challenges together. Just having one of those days where you need to vent about your mom, partner, or roommate? There’s plenty of space for that too.
Through my own lived experience, I can deeply resonate with the realities my Millennial and Gen Z clients face. Dating, social media, politics, finances, and demands from school or work can be so daunting. My main priority as a therapist is to create a non-judgmental, engaging, and approachable environment where you feel empowered to navigate these challenges together. Just having one of those days where you need to vent about your mom, partner, or roommate? There’s plenty of space for that too.
(857) 382-3049 View (857) 382-3049
Photo of Tori Noordhoek, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Tori Noordhoek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Do you feel overwhelmed by anxiety? Do you find yourself avoiding your emotions, treating yourself harshly or struggling to offer yourself compassion? I specialize in collaborating with young adult women (trans & non-binary inclusive) to help them grow in self-compassion and gain freedom from anxiety and trauma. I particularly enjoy supporting grad students, young professionals and queer and questioning women as well as helping people of faith process changes in their beliefs and/or religious trauma. My approach is collaborative, trauma-informed and centered on your lived experience.
Do you feel overwhelmed by anxiety? Do you find yourself avoiding your emotions, treating yourself harshly or struggling to offer yourself compassion? I specialize in collaborating with young adult women (trans & non-binary inclusive) to help them grow in self-compassion and gain freedom from anxiety and trauma. I particularly enjoy supporting grad students, young professionals and queer and questioning women as well as helping people of faith process changes in their beliefs and/or religious trauma. My approach is collaborative, trauma-informed and centered on your lived experience.
(617) 579-8028 View (617) 579-8028
Photo of Kim Bassett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Kim Bassett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02199  (Online Only)
Are you struggling to find happiness in your life? Do you feel as if something is missing, but you are just not sure what that "something" is? Have you experienced situations in your life that have left you feeling discouraged, angry, or hopeless? I will work with you to help you navigate through your thoughts and feelings in order to experience the quality of life you deserve.
Are you struggling to find happiness in your life? Do you feel as if something is missing, but you are just not sure what that "something" is? Have you experienced situations in your life that have left you feeling discouraged, angry, or hopeless? I will work with you to help you navigate through your thoughts and feelings in order to experience the quality of life you deserve.
(617) 404-4740 View (617) 404-4740
Photo of Alejandra Schraier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Alejandra Schraier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114  (Online Only)
I'm a Psychotherapist with a background in Psychoanalysis. During more than twenty five years of clinical experience I have worked with a global clientele with cultural diversity; focusing my practice on the treatment of adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, additions, family, and relationship problems. My training began as a Psychologist in Argentina, and years later I completed a master in Social Work at New York University. Additionally, I have done extensive training in Psychoanalysis, and I'm an active participant with the professional activities of the World Association for Psychoanalysis.
I'm a Psychotherapist with a background in Psychoanalysis. During more than twenty five years of clinical experience I have worked with a global clientele with cultural diversity; focusing my practice on the treatment of adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, additions, family, and relationship problems. My training began as a Psychologist in Argentina, and years later I completed a master in Social Work at New York University. Additionally, I have done extensive training in Psychoanalysis, and I'm an active participant with the professional activities of the World Association for Psychoanalysis.
(781) 528-0176 View (781) 528-0176
Photo of Elizabeth Hammond, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Elizabeth Hammond
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02109  (Online Only)
Your relationship with food and your body has taken over your life, and you’re tired of feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, and alone. You may be fed up with the shame, tired of having no control, or sick of feeling isolated. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to leave the eating disorder behind. You want to feel confident and in control of your emotions. Most of all, you’re ready to reconnect with yourself.
Your relationship with food and your body has taken over your life, and you’re tired of feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, and alone. You may be fed up with the shame, tired of having no control, or sick of feeling isolated. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to leave the eating disorder behind. You want to feel confident and in control of your emotions. Most of all, you’re ready to reconnect with yourself.
(857) 214-2413 View (857) 214-2413
Photo of Joanna Gardy, Counselor in Boston, MA
Joanna Gardy
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02132  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
You have been juggling it all: work, relationships, family, life. Yet, in the middle of the night, you find yourself wide awake with worry, your mind racing wondering how you will get through the next day. Maybe you feel stuck and overwhelmed at this point in your life and believe you “should” feel happy and grateful but can’t figure out what is at the root of your unhappiness. Perhaps an inner critic has you questioning yourself, and you're ready to see yourself in a kinder, more accepting way. You might be here because a significant event like losing a loved one, divorce, or medical diagnosis has you feeling lost and alone.
You have been juggling it all: work, relationships, family, life. Yet, in the middle of the night, you find yourself wide awake with worry, your mind racing wondering how you will get through the next day. Maybe you feel stuck and overwhelmed at this point in your life and believe you “should” feel happy and grateful but can’t figure out what is at the root of your unhappiness. Perhaps an inner critic has you questioning yourself, and you're ready to see yourself in a kinder, more accepting way. You might be here because a significant event like losing a loved one, divorce, or medical diagnosis has you feeling lost and alone.
(857) 763-5052 View (857) 763-5052
Photo of Aly Rogers in Boston, MA
Aly Rogers
MS, BCBA
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02110  (Online Only)
Aly is the therapist who proves that therapy can be fun, quirky, and still super effective. As a clinician specializing in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), she has a unique approach to mental health that combines humor and compassion to help individuals overcome symptoms related to Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, ADHD and Autism. Aly knows that mental health can be serious, but she also believes that it doesn't have to be stuffy and boring to work through challenges. Her approach to therapy helps patients find their own strengths & values, then acts as a guide for aligning their lives with those things that matter to them most.
Aly is the therapist who proves that therapy can be fun, quirky, and still super effective. As a clinician specializing in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), she has a unique approach to mental health that combines humor and compassion to help individuals overcome symptoms related to Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, ADHD and Autism. Aly knows that mental health can be serious, but she also believes that it doesn't have to be stuffy and boring to work through challenges. Her approach to therapy helps patients find their own strengths & values, then acts as a guide for aligning their lives with those things that matter to them most.
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Photo of Chiajou Lu, Marriage & Family Therapist in Boston, MA
Chiajou Lu
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02110
My clinic prioritizes medical professionals and people of color (to work on healing racial trauma) Working with a diverse population for many years widens my appreciation toward everyone I encounter. Learning from years of valuable experience, I do not take a blueprint or “one-size-fits-all” approach. Every client has an individualized curriculum. No matter what the challenge brings, I will help you in managing a complex post-pandemic life and strengthening your relationships.
My clinic prioritizes medical professionals and people of color (to work on healing racial trauma) Working with a diverse population for many years widens my appreciation toward everyone I encounter. Learning from years of valuable experience, I do not take a blueprint or “one-size-fits-all” approach. Every client has an individualized curriculum. No matter what the challenge brings, I will help you in managing a complex post-pandemic life and strengthening your relationships.
(857) 254-8112 View (857) 254-8112
Photo of Rachel C Sykes, Counselor in Boston, MA
Rachel C Sykes
Counselor, MEd, LMHC, MBA, CFA
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02110
I help stressed out professional women who feel undervalued at work and taken advantage of at home regain their enthusiasm for life. Despite having achieved "success", they are anxious and hopeless, and their accomplishments feel hollow. When they first come to therapy, their self-esteem is at rock bottom, they feel misunderstood by friends, family, and colleagues. Others tell them to be grateful, which makes them feel guilty and alone. Stress keeps them up at night and they try to compensate by eating, drinking, shopping, etc. but it's a temporary fix. Their identity as a confident professional and caring family member is tanking.
I help stressed out professional women who feel undervalued at work and taken advantage of at home regain their enthusiasm for life. Despite having achieved "success", they are anxious and hopeless, and their accomplishments feel hollow. When they first come to therapy, their self-esteem is at rock bottom, they feel misunderstood by friends, family, and colleagues. Others tell them to be grateful, which makes them feel guilty and alone. Stress keeps them up at night and they try to compensate by eating, drinking, shopping, etc. but it's a temporary fix. Their identity as a confident professional and caring family member is tanking.
(617) 963-7406 View (617) 963-7406
Photo of Liz Spitzer, Psychologist in Boston, MA
Liz Spitzer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02118  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in addressing trauma, depression, anxiety, and adjustment concerns in adults. My practice focuses on helping individuals process difficult emotions and live more meaningful lives. I believe that therapy is most effective when it is tailored to the individual needs, strengths, and values of each client.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in addressing trauma, depression, anxiety, and adjustment concerns in adults. My practice focuses on helping individuals process difficult emotions and live more meaningful lives. I believe that therapy is most effective when it is tailored to the individual needs, strengths, and values of each client.
(617) 925-9922 View (617) 925-9922
Photo of Alisha Powell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Alisha Powell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02114  (Online Only)
I'm currently accepting new Couples Counseling/Coaching clients. My practice is virtual and is open to residents of Maryland, Washington D.C., Minnesota, Massachusetts, Georgia, Colorado, Texas, and Virginia. However, as a couples coach I work with clients in all 50 states. Working virtually gives you the opportunity to be comfortable in your own space while we talk about what’s on your heart and mind. I believe that therapy can be life changing. While it’s not a cure all, or a quick fix, it’s a way to deal with and process the stresses of daily life. I don’t have an agenda and I will meet you where you are.
I'm currently accepting new Couples Counseling/Coaching clients. My practice is virtual and is open to residents of Maryland, Washington D.C., Minnesota, Massachusetts, Georgia, Colorado, Texas, and Virginia. However, as a couples coach I work with clients in all 50 states. Working virtually gives you the opportunity to be comfortable in your own space while we talk about what’s on your heart and mind. I believe that therapy can be life changing. While it’s not a cure all, or a quick fix, it’s a way to deal with and process the stresses of daily life. I don’t have an agenda and I will meet you where you are.
(781) 527-4249 View (781) 527-4249
Photo of Devon O'Brien, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Devon O'Brien
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02130  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical social worker with many years of experience working with children and adults in a therapeutic setting. I work with individuals who desire a safe space to process complex emotions, to heal from difficult experiences and to navigate challenges within their relationships. I believe that the therapeutic journey can bring about a greater understanding of one's self, of others and of the world, and that it is a privilege to support a person along their unique journey.
I am a licensed clinical social worker with many years of experience working with children and adults in a therapeutic setting. I work with individuals who desire a safe space to process complex emotions, to heal from difficult experiences and to navigate challenges within their relationships. I believe that the therapeutic journey can bring about a greater understanding of one's self, of others and of the world, and that it is a privilege to support a person along their unique journey.
(339) 330-2189 View (339) 330-2189
Photo of Jonathan Scott Blake, Counselor in Boston, MA
Jonathan Scott Blake
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02115  (Online Only)
Sometimes it’s difficult to ask for help. But if you’re here, you are already that much closer to bettering yourself. Times have been very difficult, so know that you are not alone. Together we will identify your needs and struggles, and also reinforce your strengths that you may not even know you have. We will get you motivated, make you feel more confident and create the best coping skills for you to deal with daily struggles and to get you on with your life!
Sometimes it’s difficult to ask for help. But if you’re here, you are already that much closer to bettering yourself. Times have been very difficult, so know that you are not alone. Together we will identify your needs and struggles, and also reinforce your strengths that you may not even know you have. We will get you motivated, make you feel more confident and create the best coping skills for you to deal with daily struggles and to get you on with your life!
(339) 204-9680 View (339) 204-9680
Photo of Karen Grimes, Counselor in Boston, MA
Karen Grimes
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02131  (Online Only)
When we experience inner conflict or are unsure of our life's direction,talking with a therapist can help explore and resolve stressful issues as well as help restore balance to our lives. As a licensed therapist in Boston ,I view counseling in a holistic way, valuing all aspects of a person. My therapeutic approach is client centered and collaborative. My view of therapy is that it provides an opportunity for people to gain insight into their lives, and assists them in making positive change.
When we experience inner conflict or are unsure of our life's direction,talking with a therapist can help explore and resolve stressful issues as well as help restore balance to our lives. As a licensed therapist in Boston ,I view counseling in a holistic way, valuing all aspects of a person. My therapeutic approach is client centered and collaborative. My view of therapy is that it provides an opportunity for people to gain insight into their lives, and assists them in making positive change.
(617) 855-6476 View (617) 855-6476

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Boston, MA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$159

Therapists in Boston, MA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
69% Stress
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
59% Aetna

How Therapists in Boston, MA see their clients

60% Online Only
40% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Boston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.