Therapists in M1V

Hatty Wong
Registered Psychotherapist, RP
1 Endorsed
Scarborough, ON M1V
Hatty has worked with a number of individuals ranging from ages 7 - 65+ from diverse populations to help them work through a variety of issues such as stress, anxiety, depression, traumatic experiences, self-harming behaviors, and substance misuse. Hatty has experience working with those in the LGBTQ community and marginalized groups. Hatty is a BIPOC Registered Psychotherapist with experience in helping clients with psychological challenges such as, but not limited to: Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Burnout, PTSD (Intergenerational, First Responder), Grief, and loss.
Hatty has worked with a number of individuals ranging from ages 7 - 65+ from diverse populations to help them work through a variety of issues such as stress, anxiety, depression, traumatic experiences, self-harming behaviors, and substance misuse. Hatty has experience working with those in the LGBTQ community and marginalized groups. Hatty is a BIPOC Registered Psychotherapist with experience in helping clients with psychological challenges such as, but not limited to: Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Burnout, PTSD (Intergenerational, First Responder), Grief, and loss.
(365) 363-0333 View (365) 363-0333
Carl Wycliffe Hicks Jr.
Registered Psychotherapist, BRE, MA, CTP, CCTP-II, C-DBT
4 Endorsed
Scarborough, ON M1V
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges, lost in a maze of emotions, or stuck in cycles of uncertainty and despair? Do you seek direction and purpose but feel alone in your journey? Imagine a space where your struggles are understood, your voice is heard, and your goals are supported. My approach to therapy is designed to address real-world problems and guide you towards healing, self-discovery, and personal growth. I am here to offer a compassionate and empathetic hand, helping you navigate life's unexpected turns with confidence and resilience. Let's embark on this transformative journey together.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges, lost in a maze of emotions, or stuck in cycles of uncertainty and despair? Do you seek direction and purpose but feel alone in your journey? Imagine a space where your struggles are understood, your voice is heard, and your goals are supported. My approach to therapy is designed to address real-world problems and guide you towards healing, self-discovery, and personal growth. I am here to offer a compassionate and empathetic hand, helping you navigate life's unexpected turns with confidence and resilience. Let's embark on this transformative journey together.
(289) 312-4548 View (289) 312-4548
Arshdeep Bath
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, BSc
1 Endorsed
Scarborough, ON M1V
Do you experience panic attacks, social anxiety, or episodes of depression? Have past traumatic experiences left you feeling overwhelmed, on edge, disconnected, or afraid? Anxiety, fear of judgment, low mood, and painful memories can affect daily life and relationships. I help adults understand these patterns, process the effects of trauma, and build practical coping skills to regain confidence and emotional balance. I offer culturally responsive therapy in English, Hindi, and Punjabi.
Do you experience panic attacks, social anxiety, or episodes of depression? Have past traumatic experiences left you feeling overwhelmed, on edge, disconnected, or afraid? Anxiety, fear of judgment, low mood, and painful memories can affect daily life and relationships. I help adults understand these patterns, process the effects of trauma, and build practical coping skills to regain confidence and emotional balance. I offer culturally responsive therapy in English, Hindi, and Punjabi.
(365) 650-2597 View (365) 650-2597
Dr. Rinju George
Psychologist, PhD
Serves Area
Dr. Rinju George works with children, adolescents, and youth who may present with emotional, behavioural, academic, or developmental concerns affecting daily functioning and well-being. They may experience anxiety, stress, anger, interpersonal difficulties, phobias, or challenges related to learning, attention, or autism.
Dr. Rinju George works with children, adolescents, and youth who may present with emotional, behavioural, academic, or developmental concerns affecting daily functioning and well-being. They may experience anxiety, stress, anger, interpersonal difficulties, phobias, or challenges related to learning, attention, or autism.
(365) 305-3061 View (365) 305-3061
The Anxiety Guy - Evenings & Weekends - Brendan
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
If you're here because you are stuck on high alert & your mind is filled with everything that could go wrong, you belong here. You feel constant dread & are tired of people telling you to calm down & stop worrying about it. The fear keeps you up at night, ruins your focus, and makes you avoid the things you used to love. You think you are broken. You assume this is just who you are. But that is not true. Your mind and body are just stuck in an activated position, because it’s all they know. But there is hope. I know this because I lived it. At 15, I had my first panic attack & was diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
If you're here because you are stuck on high alert & your mind is filled with everything that could go wrong, you belong here. You feel constant dread & are tired of people telling you to calm down & stop worrying about it. The fear keeps you up at night, ruins your focus, and makes you avoid the things you used to love. You think you are broken. You assume this is just who you are. But that is not true. Your mind and body are just stuck in an activated position, because it’s all they know. But there is hope. I know this because I lived it. At 15, I had my first panic attack & was diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
(365) 659-0815 View (365) 659-0815
Stephen Vance
Registered Psychotherapist, MDiv, RP
Serves Area
Are you experiencing anxiety or depression? Do you want to mend a damaged relationship, or enhance your marital relationship? Are you burnt out, or have you experienced grief or trauma? I have a compassionate and gentle approach as I help clients reach their goals and become more emotionally and relationally healthy. I have experience working with people struggling with many varied issues, and I will provide a supportive counselling experience in which you can acquire strategies for change and growth, as well as insight into your past.
Are you experiencing anxiety or depression? Do you want to mend a damaged relationship, or enhance your marital relationship? Are you burnt out, or have you experienced grief or trauma? I have a compassionate and gentle approach as I help clients reach their goals and become more emotionally and relationally healthy. I have experience working with people struggling with many varied issues, and I will provide a supportive counselling experience in which you can acquire strategies for change and growth, as well as insight into your past.
(647) 952-1496 View (647) 952-1496
Anto Chan
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), EXAT, RECE
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You’re tired of being strong, explaining your identity, and pretending everything is OK. Maybe you’re a male-identifying people pleaser and are overwhelmed. Maybe your family are 2nd gen Asian immigrants and have the weight of Intergenerational Trauma, navigating work, school, family and self-esteem. Maybe you’re neurodivergent and told you’re not trying hard enough. My clients are adults, children, teens and families who are unique, dismissed and have intersections that are challenging to navigate. I help with self-worth, boundary setting and risk-taking to discover valuable progress that builds your desired authentic life.
You’re tired of being strong, explaining your identity, and pretending everything is OK. Maybe you’re a male-identifying people pleaser and are overwhelmed. Maybe your family are 2nd gen Asian immigrants and have the weight of Intergenerational Trauma, navigating work, school, family and self-esteem. Maybe you’re neurodivergent and told you’re not trying hard enough. My clients are adults, children, teens and families who are unique, dismissed and have intersections that are challenging to navigate. I help with self-worth, boundary setting and risk-taking to discover valuable progress that builds your desired authentic life.
(289) 577-4222 View (289) 577-4222
Lee Ho
Registered Social Worker, BSW, RSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Mental health matters deeply to me; it’s part of being human. I believe therapy is not about fixing what’s “wrong” with you, but about exploring what happens in the spaces between us: our relationships, our experiences, and our connection to ourselves. I’ve had the honour of working alongside young people, individuals, and families, co-creating supportive strategies and skills through connection, curiosity, and collaboration. My approach is grounded in your lived experience, your inherent wisdom, and the strengths you already carry, even if they may feel hard to access right now. Compassion, honesty, and care guide my work.
Mental health matters deeply to me; it’s part of being human. I believe therapy is not about fixing what’s “wrong” with you, but about exploring what happens in the spaces between us: our relationships, our experiences, and our connection to ourselves. I’ve had the honour of working alongside young people, individuals, and families, co-creating supportive strategies and skills through connection, curiosity, and collaboration. My approach is grounded in your lived experience, your inherent wisdom, and the strengths you already carry, even if they may feel hard to access right now. Compassion, honesty, and care guide my work.
(289) 210-7382 View (289) 210-7382
Shu Da
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA, RP(Q)
Serves Area
接受新的客户预约!Anxious, overwhelmed, or burned out? I can help. Before becoming a therapist, I worked in banking and the corporate world. I understand the pressure of demanding workplaces and the challenge of building a career in a different culture. For immigrant professionals, stress can come from many directions—high pressure at work, feeling like an outsider, cultural differences, and family expectations about career, relationships, or what a successful life should look like. I help people understand what is driving their anxiety and stress, learn practical ways to manage difficult emotions, and feel more in control
接受新的客户预约!Anxious, overwhelmed, or burned out? I can help. Before becoming a therapist, I worked in banking and the corporate world. I understand the pressure of demanding workplaces and the challenge of building a career in a different culture. For immigrant professionals, stress can come from many directions—high pressure at work, feeling like an outsider, cultural differences, and family expectations about career, relationships, or what a successful life should look like. I help people understand what is driving their anxiety and stress, learn practical ways to manage difficult emotions, and feel more in control
(437) 500-6581 View (437) 500-6581
Elaine Lam
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
When you are looking at this profile, you are probably concerned about yourself to the point that you want to seek help. You may be experiencing intense emotions/strong feelings, like fear, anger, sadness, loneliness or helplessness, and it has been impacting on your life, such as your relationship, work, sleep... You are likely to have questions on how psychotherapy can help and which therapist will fit. Let’s slow down and take a deep breath... I would first like to applaud your decision to seek help because it takes courage. This is a significant sign of your readiness to acknowledge your issues and to make changes.
When you are looking at this profile, you are probably concerned about yourself to the point that you want to seek help. You may be experiencing intense emotions/strong feelings, like fear, anger, sadness, loneliness or helplessness, and it has been impacting on your life, such as your relationship, work, sleep... You are likely to have questions on how psychotherapy can help and which therapist will fit. Let’s slow down and take a deep breath... I would first like to applaud your decision to seek help because it takes courage. This is a significant sign of your readiness to acknowledge your issues and to make changes.
(647) 490-6520 View (647) 490-6520
Monica Kim-Taylor
Registered Psychotherapist, MACP, BSc
6 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or weighed down by past trauma or emotional stress? Do you struggle talking about your feelings and expressing your true thoughts? Is your mind always racing, fearing mistakes or embarrassment? Do you long to feel calm, confident, and more like yourself again? I offer a warm, supportive space to explore your emotions, heal inner wounds, and reconnect with your strengths. Together, we can release old patterns and move toward the peace, clarity, and fulfillment you deserve. You don’t have to do this alone.
Are you feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or weighed down by past trauma or emotional stress? Do you struggle talking about your feelings and expressing your true thoughts? Is your mind always racing, fearing mistakes or embarrassment? Do you long to feel calm, confident, and more like yourself again? I offer a warm, supportive space to explore your emotions, heal inner wounds, and reconnect with your strengths. Together, we can release old patterns and move toward the peace, clarity, and fulfillment you deserve. You don’t have to do this alone.
(289) 301-9730 View (289) 301-9730
Armin Chang
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
5 Endorsed
Serves Area
I believe that you are the expert of your own life. As a therapist, my goal is to support you, and help you uncover your unique path, so that you can experience lasting change, and move forward with confidence and clarity.
I believe that you are the expert of your own life. As a therapist, my goal is to support you, and help you uncover your unique path, so that you can experience lasting change, and move forward with confidence and clarity.
(289) 206-7579 View (289) 206-7579
Bennett & Associates - Loretta Hoac
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, ADD_CSP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
What brings you here today? It's not always easy to identify what the issue actually is, let alone what is standing in the way of change. Our fears, anxieties, lack of self-esteem, confidence, or lack of support, make change daunting, and status quo the "safer option". I will help you to identify and understand what it is that you need and what is holding you back from acquiring it. Sometimes interventions promote change, and other times, acceptance. Adapting to who you are and building a better relationship with yourself will create the foundation needed for navigating life in a fulfilling way.
What brings you here today? It's not always easy to identify what the issue actually is, let alone what is standing in the way of change. Our fears, anxieties, lack of self-esteem, confidence, or lack of support, make change daunting, and status quo the "safer option". I will help you to identify and understand what it is that you need and what is holding you back from acquiring it. Sometimes interventions promote change, and other times, acceptance. Adapting to who you are and building a better relationship with yourself will create the foundation needed for navigating life in a fulfilling way.
(289) 272-7394 View (289) 272-7394
Shu (Sharon) Da
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RP (Q)
6 Endorsed
Serves Area
Accepting NEW patients for therapy in English and Mandarin. Finding a balance between different cultural expectations, life transitions or chronic health challenges can feel incredibly isolating. I provide a collaborative, culturally responsive space for adults navigating trauma, anxiety, depression, OCD & relationship or cross-cultural stressors. Whether you are dealing with the emotional impact of a long-term illness or trying to make sense of complex family and identity dynamics, your experiences are unique. Together, we will honor your existing strengths and resilience, working at a pace that feels safe and meaningful for you.
Accepting NEW patients for therapy in English and Mandarin. Finding a balance between different cultural expectations, life transitions or chronic health challenges can feel incredibly isolating. I provide a collaborative, culturally responsive space for adults navigating trauma, anxiety, depression, OCD & relationship or cross-cultural stressors. Whether you are dealing with the emotional impact of a long-term illness or trying to make sense of complex family and identity dynamics, your experiences are unique. Together, we will honor your existing strengths and resilience, working at a pace that feels safe and meaningful for you.
(289) 402-3974 View (289) 402-3974
Lisa Wolanski
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), RP (Q)
1 Endorsed
Online Only
LOW cost therapy for teens & adults-NEW patients welcome! If you’re struggling with low self-esteem, addiction, anxiety, depression or trauma, you don’t have to navigate it alone. Perhaps you're dealing with constant racing thoughts that make it hard to relax, or you feel stuck in negative thought patterns that affect your mood & confidence. Maybe past experiences are affecting your present, making it difficult to feel at ease in your life or find joy in things that once made you happy.If you find yourself caught in a cycle of self-doubt, anxiety, or feeling overwhelmed, I’ll help you develop practical tools to shift those patterns.
LOW cost therapy for teens & adults-NEW patients welcome! If you’re struggling with low self-esteem, addiction, anxiety, depression or trauma, you don’t have to navigate it alone. Perhaps you're dealing with constant racing thoughts that make it hard to relax, or you feel stuck in negative thought patterns that affect your mood & confidence. Maybe past experiences are affecting your present, making it difficult to feel at ease in your life or find joy in things that once made you happy.If you find yourself caught in a cycle of self-doubt, anxiety, or feeling overwhelmed, I’ll help you develop practical tools to shift those patterns.
(289) 301-7873 View (289) 301-7873
Veenaa Balakumar
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Accepting new clients! Do you often feel like you’re running on autopilot, managing responsibilities but losing touch with yourself? Do you struggle with anxiety, low mood, self-doubt, or relationship challenges? Do you feel misunderstood in your family, culture, or community? Whether you relate to one or many of these experiences, I can help. Life is shaped by many factors — culture, social environment, family expectations, neurodivergent experiences, and more — and it’s easy to feel lost in all of it. I want to help you reconnect with your strengths, your values, and your true self.
Accepting new clients! Do you often feel like you’re running on autopilot, managing responsibilities but losing touch with yourself? Do you struggle with anxiety, low mood, self-doubt, or relationship challenges? Do you feel misunderstood in your family, culture, or community? Whether you relate to one or many of these experiences, I can help. Life is shaped by many factors — culture, social environment, family expectations, neurodivergent experiences, and more — and it’s easy to feel lost in all of it. I want to help you reconnect with your strengths, your values, and your true self.
(365) 816-0256 View (365) 816-0256
Dr. Khayyat & Associates Psychology Practice
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
Welcome to Dr. Khayyat and Associates Psychology Practice. A place where you are met with compassion, empathy, and care for expert treatment. We will help you navigate a wide range of life complexities, including relationship difficulties, trauma, anxiety, depression, and experiences related to LGBTQ+ identity and racial discrimination, among other challenges.
Welcome to Dr. Khayyat and Associates Psychology Practice. A place where you are met with compassion, empathy, and care for expert treatment. We will help you navigate a wide range of life complexities, including relationship difficulties, trauma, anxiety, depression, and experiences related to LGBTQ+ identity and racial discrimination, among other challenges.
(647) 477-9779 View (647) 477-9779
Devyn Eadie | ADHD | Disordered Eating | EMDR
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Now Accepting New Clients! You're a woman in your 20s or 30s with ADHD. You struggle with time blindness, impulsivity, difficulty focusing at work, procrastination, rejection sensitivity, and difficulty managing emotions. Maybe you overextend yourself, and a hard time setting boundaries, or have difficulty saying no. Even if you're not diagnosed, you're pretty sure you have it. You've tried tools to help - maybe medication, maybe meditation, maybe time blocking, journaling and self-help books but you still feel stuck. Often this shows up as problems in our closest relationships - be it with friends, partners, family, or at work
Now Accepting New Clients! You're a woman in your 20s or 30s with ADHD. You struggle with time blindness, impulsivity, difficulty focusing at work, procrastination, rejection sensitivity, and difficulty managing emotions. Maybe you overextend yourself, and a hard time setting boundaries, or have difficulty saying no. Even if you're not diagnosed, you're pretty sure you have it. You've tried tools to help - maybe medication, maybe meditation, maybe time blocking, journaling and self-help books but you still feel stuck. Often this shows up as problems in our closest relationships - be it with friends, partners, family, or at work
(365) 656-0691 View (365) 656-0691
Li Jie Vicky Liu
Registered Social Worker, MA, RSW, CCC, SEP
8 Endorsed
Online Only
As an immigrant who completed my Master's degree in Canada, I understand the challenges that immigrants and international students face. I offer my services in both English and Mandarin, tuning in to diverse cultures. I work with adults, couples, and adolescents (12+) who are navigating trauma, anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, life transitions, and the impact of overwhelming experiences, including childhood trauma, event trauma, and dissociative responses. Many of my clients feel disconnected from themselves, stuck in repeating patterns, or burdened by emotions they struggle to understand.
As an immigrant who completed my Master's degree in Canada, I understand the challenges that immigrants and international students face. I offer my services in both English and Mandarin, tuning in to diverse cultures. I work with adults, couples, and adolescents (12+) who are navigating trauma, anxiety, depression, relationship challenges, life transitions, and the impact of overwhelming experiences, including childhood trauma, event trauma, and dissociative responses. Many of my clients feel disconnected from themselves, stuck in repeating patterns, or burdened by emotions they struggle to understand.
(647) 573-5668 View (647) 573-5668
Zahra Hamad
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MA
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi, are you feeling alone? lost? overwhelmed? anxious? Life can feel heavy when anxiety, burnout or old memories pull you away from the person you hoped to be. You may feel caught between expectations and your true self, trying to quiet a chaos no one else sees. You’re not alone. Many move through the world carrying unspoken stories- childhood wounds, loss, heartbreak, moments that shaped us in ways we didn’t choose. Overtime, these hidden burdens grow louder, asking to be seen, heard and held with care. I’m here to walk with you as you pause, reflect and rebuild your spirit and welcome your inner self. Life can be hard, I hear you.
Hi, are you feeling alone? lost? overwhelmed? anxious? Life can feel heavy when anxiety, burnout or old memories pull you away from the person you hoped to be. You may feel caught between expectations and your true self, trying to quiet a chaos no one else sees. You’re not alone. Many move through the world carrying unspoken stories- childhood wounds, loss, heartbreak, moments that shaped us in ways we didn’t choose. Overtime, these hidden burdens grow louder, asking to be seen, heard and held with care. I’m here to walk with you as you pause, reflect and rebuild your spirit and welcome your inner self. Life can be hard, I hear you.
(289) 723-3735 View (289) 723-3735

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in M1V

30+

Average cost per session

$160

Counsellors in M1V who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
97% Social Anxiety
97% Health Anxiety
97% Driving Anxiety
93% Depression
87% Life Transitions
83% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% SunLife
83% Manulife
83% Canada Life | Great-West Life

How Counsellors in M1V see their clients

53% Online Only
47% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in M1V?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.