Therapists in Clayton, MO

Photo of Mary Alice Grady, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Mary Alice Grady
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC, APRN
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Not accepting new clients
Are you experiencing a life transition such as pregnancy, postpartum adjustment, relationship issues, parenting challenges, or midlife changes? Perhaps you are dealing with grief and loss related to infertility, miscarriage, birth trauma, or the loss of a child? Whether you are experiencing stress and anxiety from a life challenge or searching for meaning and purpose after a loss, you possess the wisdom and inner strength for healing and change. I am here to help you clarify your thoughts, feelings, and values to navigate life’s challenges and live a more authentic and meaningful life.
Are you experiencing a life transition such as pregnancy, postpartum adjustment, relationship issues, parenting challenges, or midlife changes? Perhaps you are dealing with grief and loss related to infertility, miscarriage, birth trauma, or the loss of a child? Whether you are experiencing stress and anxiety from a life challenge or searching for meaning and purpose after a loss, you possess the wisdom and inner strength for healing and change. I am here to help you clarify your thoughts, feelings, and values to navigate life’s challenges and live a more authentic and meaningful life.
(314) 886-7834 View (314) 886-7834
Photo of Robert Hackleman LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Robert Hackleman LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
I can help by providing tools to escape feeling anxious, depressed, fearful, overworked, underappreciated, or overwhelmed. It has been reported that the single most important factor in determining the success of therapy is not the therapeutic model the practitioner uses, rather it is the therapeutic relationship. Knowing this, I strive to make you feel comfortable and begin to trust the therapeutic process. As we explore problems and dilemmas, you will gain new insights and perspectives.
I can help by providing tools to escape feeling anxious, depressed, fearful, overworked, underappreciated, or overwhelmed. It has been reported that the single most important factor in determining the success of therapy is not the therapeutic model the practitioner uses, rather it is the therapeutic relationship. Knowing this, I strive to make you feel comfortable and begin to trust the therapeutic process. As we explore problems and dilemmas, you will gain new insights and perspectives.
(314) 888-5151 View (314) 888-5151
Photo of Nikki Karalekas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Nikki Karalekas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Do you notice that you struggle with the same kinds of problems, emotions, and relationships over and over again? Have you tried different coping skills without success? Do you turn to things like substances, unhealthy relationships, or mindless internet scrolling to take the edge off sadness, anger, fear, or loneliness? Explorative, insight-oriented, in-depth psychotherapy can help you understand and finally transform these dynamics, increasing your well-being and sense of self. This lasting change offers an opportunity to expand your world.
Do you notice that you struggle with the same kinds of problems, emotions, and relationships over and over again? Have you tried different coping skills without success? Do you turn to things like substances, unhealthy relationships, or mindless internet scrolling to take the edge off sadness, anger, fear, or loneliness? Explorative, insight-oriented, in-depth psychotherapy can help you understand and finally transform these dynamics, increasing your well-being and sense of self. This lasting change offers an opportunity to expand your world.
(314) 370-1031 View (314) 370-1031
Photo of Kristin A Wright, Marriage & Family Therapist in Clayton, MO
Kristin A Wright
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
CHANGE: "to make or become different." Chances are if you're checking out websites for therapists, you're likely thinking about change-either change that you're interested in initiating or change that has been thrust upon you. Regardless, it can be a daunting experience and taking the first step is sometimes the most challenging. Take a look at the information here and on my website, and give me a call if you'd like to talk.
CHANGE: "to make or become different." Chances are if you're checking out websites for therapists, you're likely thinking about change-either change that you're interested in initiating or change that has been thrust upon you. Regardless, it can be a daunting experience and taking the first step is sometimes the most challenging. Take a look at the information here and on my website, and give me a call if you'd like to talk.
(314) 269-0831 View (314) 269-0831
Photo of John C. Lucas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
John C. Lucas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
I believe therapy is a collaborative process where people can learn more about themselves and how to live differently. This change occurs through the therapeutic relationship. I help people understand how to help themselves and alleviate their suffering.
I believe therapy is a collaborative process where people can learn more about themselves and how to live differently. This change occurs through the therapeutic relationship. I help people understand how to help themselves and alleviate their suffering.
(314) 325-2175 View (314) 325-2175
Photo of James D. Reid, PhD, LLC, Psychologist in Clayton, MO
James D. Reid, PhD, LLC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
My private practice has focused on helping people cope with stress and conflicts related to gender, sexual orientation, identity, family dynamics, emotional stress, and romantic relationships. I, also, serve as a forensic expert in family-related disputes.
My private practice has focused on helping people cope with stress and conflicts related to gender, sexual orientation, identity, family dynamics, emotional stress, and romantic relationships. I, also, serve as a forensic expert in family-related disputes.
(314) 582-3646 x63105 View (314) 582-3646 x63105
Photo of Jason Duchinsky, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Jason Duchinsky
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
It is my belief that as many paths to wholeness exist as were, are, or will be, people on this planet. Walking our individual paths in pursuit of meaning and purpose is a universal goal. Sometimes life presents us with vexing challenges just when we are determined to accomplish personally and or collectively valuable goals. Or our growth is impeded by painful events that happen to us during the course of living. The path & or goal becomes unclear. And so, my role in the therapeutic process is akin to a guide. Recommending, encouraging, questioning, witnessing you seek to find the best possible expression of your unique wholeness.
It is my belief that as many paths to wholeness exist as were, are, or will be, people on this planet. Walking our individual paths in pursuit of meaning and purpose is a universal goal. Sometimes life presents us with vexing challenges just when we are determined to accomplish personally and or collectively valuable goals. Or our growth is impeded by painful events that happen to us during the course of living. The path & or goal becomes unclear. And so, my role in the therapeutic process is akin to a guide. Recommending, encouraging, questioning, witnessing you seek to find the best possible expression of your unique wholeness.
(314) 310-2808 View (314) 310-2808
Photo of Loren Gaillardetz in Clayton, MO
Loren Gaillardetz
MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Therapy tailored to you. Let's go deep! Many people come to me because they are unhappy in their relationships, work, or with how they feel about themselves, but they're not sure how to find their way to deeper fulfillment. Many people I work with have been in therapy before and learned cognitive or mindfulness skills that, while helpful, don't seem to go quite deep enough. Often, they have the sense that there is more to their challenges than meets the eye, but they don't quite know how to figure it out.
Therapy tailored to you. Let's go deep! Many people come to me because they are unhappy in their relationships, work, or with how they feel about themselves, but they're not sure how to find their way to deeper fulfillment. Many people I work with have been in therapy before and learned cognitive or mindfulness skills that, while helpful, don't seem to go quite deep enough. Often, they have the sense that there is more to their challenges than meets the eye, but they don't quite know how to figure it out.
(314) 804-3659 View (314) 804-3659
Free To Be Me, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Accepting new clients... It is a sign of strength and courage to ask for support. Life is full of unpredictable twists and turns and having some encouragement along the way can be very helpful. I enjoy working with all ages, cultures and those experiencing a wide range of challenges. My specialties are in working with children and adults who are or may think they are on the autism spectrum. I also specialize in working with couples and families and am a facilitator of premarital and marital assessments through www.prepare-enrich.com
Accepting new clients... It is a sign of strength and courage to ask for support. Life is full of unpredictable twists and turns and having some encouragement along the way can be very helpful. I enjoy working with all ages, cultures and those experiencing a wide range of challenges. My specialties are in working with children and adults who are or may think they are on the autism spectrum. I also specialize in working with couples and families and am a facilitator of premarital and marital assessments through www.prepare-enrich.com
(314) 876-8229 View (314) 876-8229
Photo of Jordan Cantrell, Pre-Licensed Professional in Clayton, MO
Jordan Cantrell
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Therapy can be useful for all kinds of situations in life. Major life adjustment? Difficulty dealing with symptoms of anxiety or depression? Perfectionism? Grief over a loss? Work, home or school stress? Need an hour of “me time” within your crazy schedule? And maybe you’ve tried it before but it just didn’t click. Maybe you want to vent and feel validated. Maybe you want help identifying specific steps to meet a goal. Maybe you don’t quite know what it is yet, but daily functioning is becoming difficult.
Therapy can be useful for all kinds of situations in life. Major life adjustment? Difficulty dealing with symptoms of anxiety or depression? Perfectionism? Grief over a loss? Work, home or school stress? Need an hour of “me time” within your crazy schedule? And maybe you’ve tried it before but it just didn’t click. Maybe you want to vent and feel validated. Maybe you want help identifying specific steps to meet a goal. Maybe you don’t quite know what it is yet, but daily functioning is becoming difficult.
(314) 947-4227 View (314) 947-4227
Photo of Sam Buettner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Sam Buettner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Not accepting new clients
Today our lives are full of challenges and obstacles that can feel difficult to overcome. Are you feeling stuck and unsure which direction to turn? Entering counseling can feel scary but it is also a courageous step in the right direction. As your counselor, I will provide you with a safe, non-judgmental space to process what is preventing you from moving forward in life. My goal is to help you make the most of your life and find a sense of purpose and peace.
Today our lives are full of challenges and obstacles that can feel difficult to overcome. Are you feeling stuck and unsure which direction to turn? Entering counseling can feel scary but it is also a courageous step in the right direction. As your counselor, I will provide you with a safe, non-judgmental space to process what is preventing you from moving forward in life. My goal is to help you make the most of your life and find a sense of purpose and peace.
(314) 463-4824 View (314) 463-4824
Photo of Ally Leavitt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Ally Leavitt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105  (Online Only)
I believe that the mind, body, and spirit are naturally inclined to healing if given the right space and support. I find a particular interest in working with victims of narcissistic abuse and betrayals and incorporate DBT, somatic counseling, mindfulness, emotionally focused therapy and narrative therapy into my work with these individuals. I also offer couples counseling services and utilize the Gottman Method to address the real work and change needed for couples to heal. LGTBQIA+ affirming.
I believe that the mind, body, and spirit are naturally inclined to healing if given the right space and support. I find a particular interest in working with victims of narcissistic abuse and betrayals and incorporate DBT, somatic counseling, mindfulness, emotionally focused therapy and narrative therapy into my work with these individuals. I also offer couples counseling services and utilize the Gottman Method to address the real work and change needed for couples to heal. LGTBQIA+ affirming.
(314) 293-4904 View (314) 293-4904
Photo of Kris Banda, Pre-Licensed Professional in Clayton, MO
Kris Banda
Pre-Licensed Professional, PLPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Our various identities and relational experience influences how we connect with others. I offer a space to explore your life experiences, support your progress in learning and gaining skills, and empower you to live a life where your needs are met in a way that stays true to your personal values. My therapeutic approach is grounded on decolonizing therapy with the goal towards liberation, for ourselves and our communities.
Our various identities and relational experience influences how we connect with others. I offer a space to explore your life experiences, support your progress in learning and gaining skills, and empower you to live a life where your needs are met in a way that stays true to your personal values. My therapeutic approach is grounded on decolonizing therapy with the goal towards liberation, for ourselves and our communities.
(636) 425-3376 View (636) 425-3376
Photo of Laura M Kaplan, Psychologist in Clayton, MO
Laura M Kaplan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
I am a licensed psychologist with over twenty-five years of experience working with adolescents and adults. While I see a diverse group of clients, I do work with many members of St. Louis' academic community, including professors, graduate students, administrators, and physicians. I also see undergraduates and older high school students. A second area of my focus is our city's creative community; I work with many musicians, artists, performers and writers. My treatment style is warm, thoughtful and natural, and I draw from many different treatment approaches to provide the best possible care. I look forward to hearing from you.
I am a licensed psychologist with over twenty-five years of experience working with adolescents and adults. While I see a diverse group of clients, I do work with many members of St. Louis' academic community, including professors, graduate students, administrators, and physicians. I also see undergraduates and older high school students. A second area of my focus is our city's creative community; I work with many musicians, artists, performers and writers. My treatment style is warm, thoughtful and natural, and I draw from many different treatment approaches to provide the best possible care. I look forward to hearing from you.
(314) 560-0470 View (314) 560-0470
Photo of Susan Gartenberg, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clayton, MO
Susan Gartenberg
Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC, RPT, NCC
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
A cornerstone of my belief system is that behavior is an expression of what we need. And this is no more truer than for children. The difficulty lies, however, in parenting a child with behaviors we don't quite understand. It can be frightening that, as a parent or caregiver, we don't know what to do. And, it can feel isolating. What I want to share is that it doesn't have to be overwhelming. And, you don't have to do it alone. What I hold to be true is that therapy for children is absolutely a collaborative process where children, and the adults in their lives, learn and grow together.
A cornerstone of my belief system is that behavior is an expression of what we need. And this is no more truer than for children. The difficulty lies, however, in parenting a child with behaviors we don't quite understand. It can be frightening that, as a parent or caregiver, we don't know what to do. And, it can feel isolating. What I want to share is that it doesn't have to be overwhelming. And, you don't have to do it alone. What I hold to be true is that therapy for children is absolutely a collaborative process where children, and the adults in their lives, learn and grow together.
(314) 310-7390 View (314) 310-7390
Photo of Libby Ryan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Clayton, MO
Libby Ryan
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Do you feel like no matter what you do it’s never good enough? Even though you’re working hard, you’re pushing forward, you feel inadequate and unseen? Do you often feel overwhelmed and exhausted? Are you getting stuck in cycles of thought that bring you down and make you feel out of touch with yourself? It's so exhausting. You just wish you could make the people in your life understand the burden you're carrying. What if you could just be your authentic self and experience joy more often?
Do you feel like no matter what you do it’s never good enough? Even though you’re working hard, you’re pushing forward, you feel inadequate and unseen? Do you often feel overwhelmed and exhausted? Are you getting stuck in cycles of thought that bring you down and make you feel out of touch with yourself? It's so exhausting. You just wish you could make the people in your life understand the burden you're carrying. What if you could just be your authentic self and experience joy more often?
(314) 804-0739 View (314) 804-0739
Photo of Justin Hampton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Justin Hampton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Need help, support, or just feeling stuck? Let's talk. Clients often report they have found me to be warm and genuine, while also being committed to offering effective, research supported treatments. While my experience has spanned across a diversity of people, various settings, and presenting issues I have a specialty and passion for working with the LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) population. My work and relationship with each client is unique and guided by their needs. I view therapy as a collaboration used to facilitate growth, change, and create a more fulfilling life.
Need help, support, or just feeling stuck? Let's talk. Clients often report they have found me to be warm and genuine, while also being committed to offering effective, research supported treatments. While my experience has spanned across a diversity of people, various settings, and presenting issues I have a specialty and passion for working with the LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) population. My work and relationship with each client is unique and guided by their needs. I view therapy as a collaboration used to facilitate growth, change, and create a more fulfilling life.
(314) 300-7973 View (314) 300-7973
Photo of Dr Robin L Turner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Dr Robin L Turner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, D CSW, Psa, PsyD
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
My life's work is to help individuals understand intimately themselves through psychotherapy. To utilize the deeper levels of the self, achieve richer relationships,and an appreciation for who they are. Primary, to successful therapy is the relationship between the client and therapist. My work: Children,Adolescents and Adults. Child/Adolescents-self esteem,depression anxiety, relationship, family issues, school issues. Adults: depression, anxiety, relationship,gender issues,grief. Psychotherapist/Psychoanalyst, child, adolescent and adult and seniors. Faculty member/the St. Louis Psychoanalytic Institute(president 2010-2013), Asst. Clinical professor, Dept. of Psychiatry, St. Louis Universityjoint appt./Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital.
My life's work is to help individuals understand intimately themselves through psychotherapy. To utilize the deeper levels of the self, achieve richer relationships,and an appreciation for who they are. Primary, to successful therapy is the relationship between the client and therapist. My work: Children,Adolescents and Adults. Child/Adolescents-self esteem,depression anxiety, relationship, family issues, school issues. Adults: depression, anxiety, relationship,gender issues,grief. Psychotherapist/Psychoanalyst, child, adolescent and adult and seniors. Faculty member/the St. Louis Psychoanalytic Institute(president 2010-2013), Asst. Clinical professor, Dept. of Psychiatry, St. Louis Universityjoint appt./Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital.
(314) 696-5443 View (314) 696-5443
Photo of Dr. Michelle Echols, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clayton, MO
Dr. Michelle Echols
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LMSW, CADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Clayton, MO 63105
Are you struggling to function? Are you dealing with stress and/or anxiety? Is your home chaotic? Let me help you learn to deal and cope with stressors, heal relationships, and prioritize wellness in a safe space! I work with clients 6 and up, and specialize in couples therapy, family therapy, and substance use counseling. I look forward to walking alongside you on your journey to wellness.
Are you struggling to function? Are you dealing with stress and/or anxiety? Is your home chaotic? Let me help you learn to deal and cope with stressors, heal relationships, and prioritize wellness in a safe space! I work with clients 6 and up, and specialize in couples therapy, family therapy, and substance use counseling. I look forward to walking alongside you on your journey to wellness.
(314) 501-9853 View (314) 501-9853
Photo of Roberta A Moore, Marriage & Family Therapist in Clayton, MO
Roberta A Moore
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CPA, MBA, MST, CHT
Verified Verified
Clayton, MO 63105
Improve your emotional intelligence and improve your life! You deserve to own your passion and live your life to its fullest - in every aspect! As a licensed Marriage & Family Therapist and Certified EQ coach, I specialize in working with you to build confidence and assertiveness, learn how to understand your emotions, and communicate your feelings to others while developing independent thinking and high-level problem solving skills. Ultimately, I want you to find your happiness, achieve wellbeing, and develop a positive outlook on life. This happens when you become more deeply self-aware and emotionally intelligent.
Improve your emotional intelligence and improve your life! You deserve to own your passion and live your life to its fullest - in every aspect! As a licensed Marriage & Family Therapist and Certified EQ coach, I specialize in working with you to build confidence and assertiveness, learn how to understand your emotions, and communicate your feelings to others while developing independent thinking and high-level problem solving skills. Ultimately, I want you to find your happiness, achieve wellbeing, and develop a positive outlook on life. This happens when you become more deeply self-aware and emotionally intelligent.
(314) 380-4218 View (314) 380-4218

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Clayton, MO

200+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Clayton, MO who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
66% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% Aetna
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
66% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Clayton, MO see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Clayton?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.