Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

Photo of Crosspoint Christian Services, Pastoral Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Crosspoint Christian Services
Pastoral Counselor, DMin, MAHS, MATS, LBS, CCTSI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Crosspoint Christian Services & The Vine Christian Ministry wants to reach hurting people in broken relationships, or families in crisis with the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Bringing the Hope and Peace that only Jesus can bring. Our Christian Counseling Services comes directly to you, to meet you where you are in life's journey. We have 2 convenient offices located at Crosspoint Wesleyan Church Administration Building at 1414 Pennsylvania Ave., Bethlehem, PA 18018, or The Vine Christian Ministry office at 6235 Hamilton Blvd., Suite 101, Allentown, PA 18106. Call or email to schedule an initial consultation.
Crosspoint Christian Services & The Vine Christian Ministry wants to reach hurting people in broken relationships, or families in crisis with the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Bringing the Hope and Peace that only Jesus can bring. Our Christian Counseling Services comes directly to you, to meet you where you are in life's journey. We have 2 convenient offices located at Crosspoint Wesleyan Church Administration Building at 1414 Pennsylvania Ave., Bethlehem, PA 18018, or The Vine Christian Ministry office at 6235 Hamilton Blvd., Suite 101, Allentown, PA 18106. Call or email to schedule an initial consultation.
(484) 638-6996 View (484) 638-6996
Photo of Amy Miller Cohen, Psychologist in Bethlehem, PA
Amy Miller Cohen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Waitlist for new clients
I started working in the Lehigh Valley in 1979 after post-doctoral training in marriage and family therapy. My focus now is on helping people age through their senior years with creativity and grace, using writing, visual images, and a psychological and spiritual method called SoulCollage®. I assist people going through transitions in their lives as well as those who are stuck. My ideal client is between the ages of 40 and 80+, who is eager to learn about him/her self and move ahead with insight and wisdom. I also work with couples at all stages and writing memoirs.
I started working in the Lehigh Valley in 1979 after post-doctoral training in marriage and family therapy. My focus now is on helping people age through their senior years with creativity and grace, using writing, visual images, and a psychological and spiritual method called SoulCollage®. I assist people going through transitions in their lives as well as those who are stuck. My ideal client is between the ages of 40 and 80+, who is eager to learn about him/her self and move ahead with insight and wisdom. I also work with couples at all stages and writing memoirs.
(610) 867-1818 View (610) 867-1818
Photo of Dianne Michels, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Dianne Michels
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
If you've been struggling with anxiety, depression, grief or trauma, I can help. It's easy to become isolated and discouraged when facing these issues, but there is a way out. Most of the people I have worked with see improvements in their relationships, life goals, confidence and just feeling more at peace. I believe strongly in a collaborative therapeutic partnership and have the knowledge and experience to see you through the hard times to develop better coping strategies. I enjoy working with people of all ages and walks of life.
If you've been struggling with anxiety, depression, grief or trauma, I can help. It's easy to become isolated and discouraged when facing these issues, but there is a way out. Most of the people I have worked with see improvements in their relationships, life goals, confidence and just feeling more at peace. I believe strongly in a collaborative therapeutic partnership and have the knowledge and experience to see you through the hard times to develop better coping strategies. I enjoy working with people of all ages and walks of life.
(610) 320-2366 x1 View (610) 320-2366 x1
Photo of Rachel Kelly, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Rachel Kelly
Licensed Professional Counselor, MACP, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Rachel Kelly is a Licensed Professional Counselor with 14 years in the mental health and addictions field. Rachel works with adults who are seeking help for trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression, Women’s issues, and life transitions. She completed her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Lock Haven University and received her Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology from Arcadia University.
Rachel Kelly is a Licensed Professional Counselor with 14 years in the mental health and addictions field. Rachel works with adults who are seeking help for trauma, addiction, anxiety, depression, Women’s issues, and life transitions. She completed her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Lock Haven University and received her Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology from Arcadia University.
(484) 430-3259 View (484) 430-3259
Photo of Justin Ellis, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Justin Ellis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Justin Ellis is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 5 years of experience in the mental health field. He is dedicated and compassionate about helping adolescents and adults address their unique life struggles. Justin has a history of working with individuals who present with anxiety, depression, ADHD, Autism, mood disorders, psychosis, substance use, trauma, academic, relationship, and life stress, as well as grief.
Justin Ellis is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with over 5 years of experience in the mental health field. He is dedicated and compassionate about helping adolescents and adults address their unique life struggles. Justin has a history of working with individuals who present with anxiety, depression, ADHD, Autism, mood disorders, psychosis, substance use, trauma, academic, relationship, and life stress, as well as grief.
(484) 265-9804 View (484) 265-9804
Photo of Ashley Bass, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Ashley Bass
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Emotions can often seem overwhelming, but they serve a purpose in pointing to what needs our attention. There tends to be parts of ourselves that we don’t understand or want to suppress, which causes stress and misalignment. I love guiding people through more deeply understanding themselves, having more compassion and acceptance for their emotions and experiences, and encouraging new perspectives by testing outdated beliefs, in order to experience more joy and fulfillment.
Emotions can often seem overwhelming, but they serve a purpose in pointing to what needs our attention. There tends to be parts of ourselves that we don’t understand or want to suppress, which causes stress and misalignment. I love guiding people through more deeply understanding themselves, having more compassion and acceptance for their emotions and experiences, and encouraging new perspectives by testing outdated beliefs, in order to experience more joy and fulfillment.
(484) 971-7561 View (484) 971-7561
Photo of Kara A. Diefenderfer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Kara A. Diefenderfer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CAADC, CCTP, C-DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020  (Online Only)
So many of us struggle in life, but the worst part is, we struggle in silence. I’m here to listen to whatever part of your story you want to share, whether it’s your past, your present or everything in between. I hope through listening I can help guide you to what you already know within yourself, but might not be able to see right now. Wherever you are in your journey in life, I’d like to help you through the journey.
So many of us struggle in life, but the worst part is, we struggle in silence. I’m here to listen to whatever part of your story you want to share, whether it’s your past, your present or everything in between. I hope through listening I can help guide you to what you already know within yourself, but might not be able to see right now. Wherever you are in your journey in life, I’d like to help you through the journey.
(484) 241-4178 View (484) 241-4178
Photo of Katherine de la Croix, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Katherine de la Croix
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Not currently accepting new patients. I have been helping individuals and couples address anxiety, depression, infidelity, and trauma for nearly six years. My training as a marriage and family therapist allows me to assess and treat your problems through a systemic lens getting at the heart of the problems in your thoughts, behaviors, and emotions while improving your connections with others in your life.
Not currently accepting new patients. I have been helping individuals and couples address anxiety, depression, infidelity, and trauma for nearly six years. My training as a marriage and family therapist allows me to assess and treat your problems through a systemic lens getting at the heart of the problems in your thoughts, behaviors, and emotions while improving your connections with others in your life.
(484) 207-6320 View (484) 207-6320
Photo of Charles Goldberg, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Charles Goldberg
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CAADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
If you're looking for fluff free, no nonsense counseling, reach out to me. It's all too easy to lose touch with the things we stand for, as well as with the things that mean most to us. You were whole at one point, which means a path to sanity exists that is waiting to be rediscovered. Yet these behaviors holding you back have been heavily reinforced over time. The change ahead is not going to be easy or comfortable, but you don't have to face it alone. Past clients have told me that my ability to break down situations and clearly explain relational dynamics helped them to gain new insight into their histories and functioning.
If you're looking for fluff free, no nonsense counseling, reach out to me. It's all too easy to lose touch with the things we stand for, as well as with the things that mean most to us. You were whole at one point, which means a path to sanity exists that is waiting to be rediscovered. Yet these behaviors holding you back have been heavily reinforced over time. The change ahead is not going to be easy or comfortable, but you don't have to face it alone. Past clients have told me that my ability to break down situations and clearly explain relational dynamics helped them to gain new insight into their histories and functioning.
(484) 379-0633 View (484) 379-0633
Photo of Carolynn Holmes Search, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Carolynn Holmes Search
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MDiv, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
My therapeutic approach is grounded in the belief that each human person has an innate wholeness and the resilience to heal. This is why my approach is client-centered, relational and holistic, encompassing body, mind and spirit. By meeting you where you are in your life, with compassionate psychotherapeutic care and deep listening, I work together with you on your goals and assist you in experiencing improved feelings of well-being and deeper meaning in life.
My therapeutic approach is grounded in the belief that each human person has an innate wholeness and the resilience to heal. This is why my approach is client-centered, relational and holistic, encompassing body, mind and spirit. By meeting you where you are in your life, with compassionate psychotherapeutic care and deep listening, I work together with you on your goals and assist you in experiencing improved feelings of well-being and deeper meaning in life.
(610) 546-2497 View (610) 546-2497
Photo of William Schneller, Psychologist in Bethlehem, PA
William Schneller
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Not accepting new clients
You want to feel better. You want someone you can trust, who is experienced and well-qualified, to help you. Don't let your anxiety, depression or past experiences have control of your life. We can work together to change that. Unsure of your life path or in a transition, we can find the direction that fits you best. Our supportive relationship, new treatment approaches and brain-based therapies can help you feel better.
You want to feel better. You want someone you can trust, who is experienced and well-qualified, to help you. Don't let your anxiety, depression or past experiences have control of your life. We can work together to change that. Unsure of your life path or in a transition, we can find the direction that fits you best. Our supportive relationship, new treatment approaches and brain-based therapies can help you feel better.
(610) 467-9824 View (610) 467-9824
Photo of Pratibha Kamble, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Pratibha Kamble
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Hi, I have been working in the mental health field over 15 years, worked with diverse populations; different age group. Believing in holistic approach to understand person’s needs, beliefs and environmental factors to understand the core issues. I use different approaches according to person's need and personality . I believe in change and transformations through actions, hard work, and consistent efforts.
Hi, I have been working in the mental health field over 15 years, worked with diverse populations; different age group. Believing in holistic approach to understand person’s needs, beliefs and environmental factors to understand the core issues. I use different approaches according to person's need and personality . I believe in change and transformations through actions, hard work, and consistent efforts.
(484) 592-4819 View (484) 592-4819
Photo of Catherine Nonnemacher, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Catherine Nonnemacher
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Are you or a child in your life struggling with depression, self-injurious behavior, anxiety, ADHD or major life changes? These challenges can be difficult to face on your own. Getting help can make the difference in learning the skills you need to accomplish the goals that are important to you and get what you want out of life. If you're feeling "stuck" and mental health problems are stopping you from living the life you want, I can help you find a pathway forward.
Are you or a child in your life struggling with depression, self-injurious behavior, anxiety, ADHD or major life changes? These challenges can be difficult to face on your own. Getting help can make the difference in learning the skills you need to accomplish the goals that are important to you and get what you want out of life. If you're feeling "stuck" and mental health problems are stopping you from living the life you want, I can help you find a pathway forward.
(484) 778-4619 View (484) 778-4619
Photo of Valerie Morales-Kendrick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Valerie Morales-Kendrick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Are you feeling lost? Do you feel as though you don't know what direction your life is taking you? Are you having trouble adjusting to change? Whatever may be going on in your life, I am here to work through those various issues with you. Together, we will re-direct your thinking towards a happier and brighter future. No matter the circumstance, it's never too late to change, and I am willing to help you take that first step.
Are you feeling lost? Do you feel as though you don't know what direction your life is taking you? Are you having trouble adjusting to change? Whatever may be going on in your life, I am here to work through those various issues with you. Together, we will re-direct your thinking towards a happier and brighter future. No matter the circumstance, it's never too late to change, and I am willing to help you take that first step.
(484) 935-3506 View (484) 935-3506
Photo of Laura N (Gross) Danner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Laura N (Gross) Danner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
I feel that all clients have a choice in their treatment and should have access to an array of techniques to address their needs. I also think is is important that clients find a therapist that is a good "fit" for them. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Solution-Focused, and Strength-Based techniques in my work. I also believe in the importance of taking care of your physical health in conjunction with mental health. I help to identify triggers to symptoms as well as creating healthier coping strategies and boundaries.
I feel that all clients have a choice in their treatment and should have access to an array of techniques to address their needs. I also think is is important that clients find a therapist that is a good "fit" for them. I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Solution-Focused, and Strength-Based techniques in my work. I also believe in the importance of taking care of your physical health in conjunction with mental health. I help to identify triggers to symptoms as well as creating healthier coping strategies and boundaries.
(484) 652-8670 View (484) 652-8670
Photo of Curtis G Kemmerer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Curtis G Kemmerer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Not accepting new clients
You're not content with your relationship? He seems more distant? She complains too much? You worry about fidelity? You and your child argue often? Your child seems too quiet? You're too sad or worried? You've grieving a loss? Call me! A marriage and family therapist and pastoral counselor, I embody compassion in my work. People find client centered, solution based, strength focused process a way to heal and grow as they live challenges of death/loss, isolation, meaning and freedom/responsibility. As the saying goes: you can talk it out or you will act it out!
You're not content with your relationship? He seems more distant? She complains too much? You worry about fidelity? You and your child argue often? Your child seems too quiet? You're too sad or worried? You've grieving a loss? Call me! A marriage and family therapist and pastoral counselor, I embody compassion in my work. People find client centered, solution based, strength focused process a way to heal and grow as they live challenges of death/loss, isolation, meaning and freedom/responsibility. As the saying goes: you can talk it out or you will act it out!
(484) 629-8983 View (484) 629-8983
Photo of Anissa Rieger, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Anissa Rieger
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Anissa A. Rieger is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Pennsylvania, as well as a Nationally Certified Counselor. She has over 15 years in the helping profession supporting individuals with interpersonal relationships, phase of life stressors, gender identity & expression, educational, learning, and career difficulties, all levels of anxiety and depressive disorders, trauma, grief and loss. Additionally, Anissa has a background in Early Childhood Education, School Counseling, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, as well as certification in Psychological First Aid and Disaster Mental Health through the American Red Cross.
Anissa A. Rieger is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Pennsylvania, as well as a Nationally Certified Counselor. She has over 15 years in the helping profession supporting individuals with interpersonal relationships, phase of life stressors, gender identity & expression, educational, learning, and career difficulties, all levels of anxiety and depressive disorders, trauma, grief and loss. Additionally, Anissa has a background in Early Childhood Education, School Counseling, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, as well as certification in Psychological First Aid and Disaster Mental Health through the American Red Cross.
(610) 510-4923 View (610) 510-4923
Photo of Jennifer Bruno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Jennifer Bruno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Welcome, my name is Jennifer. Have you found yourself feeling fatigued, stressed and/or overwhelmed? Are you feeling conflicted and/or confused? Struggling with adapting to a recent change or making some tough but necessary decisions? Do you sometimes feel lost, alone, rejected, betrayed or brokenhearted? Find yourself stuck in the past, trapped in the present or worried about the future? If you answered yes to any of the questions listed above, there is hope. I believe change is possible through self awareness, education and consistent application of skills learned.
Welcome, my name is Jennifer. Have you found yourself feeling fatigued, stressed and/or overwhelmed? Are you feeling conflicted and/or confused? Struggling with adapting to a recent change or making some tough but necessary decisions? Do you sometimes feel lost, alone, rejected, betrayed or brokenhearted? Find yourself stuck in the past, trapped in the present or worried about the future? If you answered yes to any of the questions listed above, there is hope. I believe change is possible through self awareness, education and consistent application of skills learned.
(610) 557-3546 View (610) 557-3546
Photo of Dr. Briana Luppino, Psychologist in Bethlehem, PA
Dr. Briana Luppino
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18015  (Online Only)
Do you feel like your relationships are not meeting your needs? Worry about being worthy of love and care? Feel like you need to keep up a façade to be accepted? Do you find yourself feeling pulled to meet others expectations of you? Many high-achievers can feel they have to wear a mask to get the support and connection they’re looking for. But what if I told you there was a way to feel more confident in who you are, show up genuinely in your relationships with others, and live in line with your values? If you're hoping to learn about yourself, increase confidence, and build meaningful relationships, you're in the right place.
Do you feel like your relationships are not meeting your needs? Worry about being worthy of love and care? Feel like you need to keep up a façade to be accepted? Do you find yourself feeling pulled to meet others expectations of you? Many high-achievers can feel they have to wear a mask to get the support and connection they’re looking for. But what if I told you there was a way to feel more confident in who you are, show up genuinely in your relationships with others, and live in line with your values? If you're hoping to learn about yourself, increase confidence, and build meaningful relationships, you're in the right place.
(484) 559-1839 View (484) 559-1839
Photo of Jessie Lynn Birckhead, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Jessie Lynn Birckhead
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18017
“Why Now”? and “What has happened”? are the ways my first session begins with a new patient. This patient is ready to begin their story. A favorite story I often reference in my work, filled with metaphors and twists and turns, is The Wizard of Oz. At the end of the story Dorothy discovers that she has always had the power to return home to Kansas. However, the power was hidden from her and she did not know how to access or utilize it. I am not the helpful Glinda, but I do collaboratively assist my patients to define and achieve their goals by optimizing their hidden strengths and skills.
“Why Now”? and “What has happened”? are the ways my first session begins with a new patient. This patient is ready to begin their story. A favorite story I often reference in my work, filled with metaphors and twists and turns, is The Wizard of Oz. At the end of the story Dorothy discovers that she has always had the power to return home to Kansas. However, the power was hidden from her and she did not know how to access or utilize it. I am not the helpful Glinda, but I do collaboratively assist my patients to define and achieve their goals by optimizing their hidden strengths and skills.
(833) 531-0253 View (833) 531-0253

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

300+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Bethlehem, PA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
70% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Highmark
75% Aetna
70% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Bethlehem, PA see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bethlehem?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.