Therapists in Center Valley, PA

Photo of Ciera Jervier, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Ciera Jervier
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My clients often carry the weight of unresolved trauma, anxiety, depression, or recovery challenges, and many feel unseen or misunderstood in other spaces. They seek a safe, affirming, and culturally competent therapist who understands the intersections of identity and lived experience. Together, we focus on healing past wounds, building resilience, and creating healthier relationships. Ultimately, my clients want to feel validated, empowered, and grounded as their authentic selves while moving toward a life of hope and wholeness.
My clients often carry the weight of unresolved trauma, anxiety, depression, or recovery challenges, and many feel unseen or misunderstood in other spaces. They seek a safe, affirming, and culturally competent therapist who understands the intersections of identity and lived experience. Together, we focus on healing past wounds, building resilience, and creating healthier relationships. Ultimately, my clients want to feel validated, empowered, and grounded as their authentic selves while moving toward a life of hope and wholeness.
(215) 610-3931 View (215) 610-3931
Photo of Sara Diehl Barr, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, CAADC
Sara Diehl Barr
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, CAADC
1 Endorsed
Center Valley, PA 18034
Congratulations on making the decision to search for a counselor. It is my belief that despite increasing awareness into the field of psychology and counseling, there still exists a pervasive stigma that can keep us from seeking the help we need. Making the decision to get into treatment can be very challenging but also very rewarding and at Breathe Easy we are dedicated to doing whatever we can for each client to make this transition as comfortable as possible. It is our goal to meet the individual needs of each client as we all have different concerns, strengths, and experiences.
Congratulations on making the decision to search for a counselor. It is my belief that despite increasing awareness into the field of psychology and counseling, there still exists a pervasive stigma that can keep us from seeking the help we need. Making the decision to get into treatment can be very challenging but also very rewarding and at Breathe Easy we are dedicated to doing whatever we can for each client to make this transition as comfortable as possible. It is our goal to meet the individual needs of each client as we all have different concerns, strengths, and experiences.
(610) 624-8866 View (610) 624-8866
Photo of Charles Reed, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Charles Reed
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Center Valley, PA 18034
His approach is very client-focused, he wants to come alongside you and really understand your perspective. The greatest predictor of a positive therapeutic outcome is connection. Through his work Rob searches for the most effective ways to connect with his clients and assist them in connecting with themselves. Rob employs various modalities including CBT, ACT, and psychodynamic approaches. He aims to collaborate with each client to create a unique form of therapy that is going to be most effective for them and their needs at any given time.
His approach is very client-focused, he wants to come alongside you and really understand your perspective. The greatest predictor of a positive therapeutic outcome is connection. Through his work Rob searches for the most effective ways to connect with his clients and assist them in connecting with themselves. Rob employs various modalities including CBT, ACT, and psychodynamic approaches. He aims to collaborate with each client to create a unique form of therapy that is going to be most effective for them and their needs at any given time.
(717) 971-4556 View (717) 971-4556
Photo of Anna DiMarcello, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Anna DiMarcello
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Center Valley, PA 18034
Ms. DiMarcello’s clinical work commonly focuses on anxiety, depression, and trauma-related concerns. She works with teens and adults navigating a wide range of emotional experiences, including grief and postpartum-related challenges, while also addressing stress tied to personal identity, relationships, and major life changes. Her approach is collaborative and strengths-based, helping patients feel understood while building practical tools they can use beyond the therapy setting. She offers additional areas of focus to meet the diverse needs of her patients. In her work with individuals impacted by trauma, Ms.
Ms. DiMarcello’s clinical work commonly focuses on anxiety, depression, and trauma-related concerns. She works with teens and adults navigating a wide range of emotional experiences, including grief and postpartum-related challenges, while also addressing stress tied to personal identity, relationships, and major life changes. Her approach is collaborative and strengths-based, helping patients feel understood while building practical tools they can use beyond the therapy setting. She offers additional areas of focus to meet the diverse needs of her patients. In her work with individuals impacted by trauma, Ms.
(484) 882-0650 View (484) 882-0650
Photo of Carly Brown, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Carly Brown
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Center Valley, PA 18034
Not accepting new clients
Carly S. Brown is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2017. She has an M.A. in Marriage, Couple, and Family Counseling. Carly’s areas of specialties include family, couples, children previously exposed to trauma, pregnancy, prenatal, and postpartum clients. She believes in taking a different approach than most counselors by using her compassion and directiveness rather than giving homework and asking you to color to cope. Carly uses different modalities to work with clients including, but not limited to, Structural Family Therapy, Family Systems, CBT, and Person-Centered.
Carly S. Brown is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2017. She has an M.A. in Marriage, Couple, and Family Counseling. Carly’s areas of specialties include family, couples, children previously exposed to trauma, pregnancy, prenatal, and postpartum clients. She believes in taking a different approach than most counselors by using her compassion and directiveness rather than giving homework and asking you to color to cope. Carly uses different modalities to work with clients including, but not limited to, Structural Family Therapy, Family Systems, CBT, and Person-Centered.
(484) 882-0391 View (484) 882-0391
Photo of Mehrnaz Shoultes, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Mehrnaz Shoultes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Center Valley, PA 18034
Mehrnaz Shoultes is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2020. Mehrnaz believes everyone is their own expert in their healing journey and she helps clients recognize their own strengths. As they are able to identify their strengths, they become more powerful and in control of their lives. Outside of work, Mehrnaz enjoys spending time out in nature, listening to music, dance, and travel.
Mehrnaz Shoultes is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2020. Mehrnaz believes everyone is their own expert in their healing journey and she helps clients recognize their own strengths. As they are able to identify their strengths, they become more powerful and in control of their lives. Outside of work, Mehrnaz enjoys spending time out in nature, listening to music, dance, and travel.
(484) 997-6355 View (484) 997-6355
Photo of Jennifer Velekei, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Jennifer Velekei
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Center Valley, PA 18034
Not accepting new clients
Jennifer believes the foundation for effective therapy is a strong therapeutic relationship. Because of this, she enjoys taking the time to really get to know you as a person to begin to build a foundation together. She works together with you to learn your needs and goals in order to select the most appropriate interventions for your unique needs. She strives to create an environment that is safe, supportive, and sensitive to differences in culture and sexual/gender identity.
Jennifer believes the foundation for effective therapy is a strong therapeutic relationship. Because of this, she enjoys taking the time to really get to know you as a person to begin to build a foundation together. She works together with you to learn your needs and goals in order to select the most appropriate interventions for your unique needs. She strives to create an environment that is safe, supportive, and sensitive to differences in culture and sexual/gender identity.
(484) 930-1763 View (484) 930-1763
Photo of Kate Gallagher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kate Gallagher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Center Valley, PA 18034
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. I work with individuals and couples struggling with trauma, anxiety, and relationship challenges. Many of my clients feel overwhelmed, emotionally disconnected, or stuck in repeated patterns. The couples I work with most often are experiencing disconnection from communication issues, life stressors, and infidelity.
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. I work with individuals and couples struggling with trauma, anxiety, and relationship challenges. Many of my clients feel overwhelmed, emotionally disconnected, or stuck in repeated patterns. The couples I work with most often are experiencing disconnection from communication issues, life stressors, and infidelity.
(267) 227-0219 View (267) 227-0219
Photo of Lisa Manzo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Lisa Manzo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Center Valley, PA 18034
Not accepting new clients
Lisa Manzo, LCSW provides compassionate therapy to individuals, couples and families. With over 25 years of experience, she helps clients manage depression, anxiety, relationship issues and life transitions/challenges. Lisa creates a safe, supportive space where clients can explore their emotions, develop strategies, and build healthier relationships. Lisa specializes in treating depression, anxiety, grief, and guiding clients through life transitions and emotional challenges.
Lisa Manzo, LCSW provides compassionate therapy to individuals, couples and families. With over 25 years of experience, she helps clients manage depression, anxiety, relationship issues and life transitions/challenges. Lisa creates a safe, supportive space where clients can explore their emotions, develop strategies, and build healthier relationships. Lisa specializes in treating depression, anxiety, grief, and guiding clients through life transitions and emotional challenges.
(484) 276-2189 View (484) 276-2189
Photo of Leah D'agostino, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Leah D'agostino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Center Valley, PA 18034
I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 10 years of experience helping individuals and couples navigate life’s challenges. My approach is warm, friendly, and authentic, grounded in evidence-based practices like CBT, DBT, positive psychology, EFIT, and attachment-focused therapy. I specialize in anxiety, depression, substance use, life transitions, caregiver stress, and relationship issues, empowering you to achieve measurable progress through trauma-informed care, motivational interviewing, and consistent homework and messaging support.
I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 10 years of experience helping individuals and couples navigate life’s challenges. My approach is warm, friendly, and authentic, grounded in evidence-based practices like CBT, DBT, positive psychology, EFIT, and attachment-focused therapy. I specialize in anxiety, depression, substance use, life transitions, caregiver stress, and relationship issues, empowering you to achieve measurable progress through trauma-informed care, motivational interviewing, and consistent homework and messaging support.
(484) 766-4304 View (484) 766-4304
Photo of Lyndsey Witmer, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Lyndsey Witmer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Center Valley, PA 18034
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with more than 15 years of experience working with adults (ages 18 and older) and specializing in substance use disorders, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, and general life stressors. I believe that everyone deserves the chance to truly be heard in a nonjudgmental, caring, safe environment, as well as to be happy and content in their lives, and I would like to listen to your individual needs and help you accomplish your goals so that you can reach a place of peace and joy in your life.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with more than 15 years of experience working with adults (ages 18 and older) and specializing in substance use disorders, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, and general life stressors. I believe that everyone deserves the chance to truly be heard in a nonjudgmental, caring, safe environment, as well as to be happy and content in their lives, and I would like to listen to your individual needs and help you accomplish your goals so that you can reach a place of peace and joy in your life.
(484) 341-7059 View (484) 341-7059
Photo of Emily Barone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Emily Barone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hello, my name is Emily Barone. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 12+ years of experience. I have formal trainings in DBT, Addictions Counseling, Gambling Disorders, Brain Injury and EMDR. I recognize the strengths and resilience in people that they fail to see in themselves and capitalize that to promote positive changes. As my favorite poet rm drake states: "please believe there are one thousand beautiful things out there...sunshine comes to all who feel the rain" .
Hello, my name is Emily Barone. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 12+ years of experience. I have formal trainings in DBT, Addictions Counseling, Gambling Disorders, Brain Injury and EMDR. I recognize the strengths and resilience in people that they fail to see in themselves and capitalize that to promote positive changes. As my favorite poet rm drake states: "please believe there are one thousand beautiful things out there...sunshine comes to all who feel the rain" .
(484) 286-5020 View (484) 286-5020
Photo of William Dougherty, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
William Dougherty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
My name is William Dougherty and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in the Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania, and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in anxiety, stress, and addictions, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Narrative Therapy, and Mindfulness to help my clients make progress and start feeling better.
My name is William Dougherty and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in the Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania, and working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in anxiety, stress, and addictions, using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Narrative Therapy, and Mindfulness to help my clients make progress and start feeling better.
(717) 837-3996 View (717) 837-3996
Photo of Leah Arndt, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Leah Arndt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Center Valley, PA 18034
Leah Arndt is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2019. She has a BA from Lafayette College and an MACMH from Kutztown University. At her core, Leah is a humanist, existentialist, and a proponent of unconditional self-compassion. She has a strong skill set working with teens and young adults but loves working with all humans in general. Other therapeutic areas of strength would be trauma, personality disorders, gender and sexuality, parenting, relationships, Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorder and ADHD. In her spare time, Leah loves audio books, gardening, and being outside.
Leah Arndt is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2019. She has a BA from Lafayette College and an MACMH from Kutztown University. At her core, Leah is a humanist, existentialist, and a proponent of unconditional self-compassion. She has a strong skill set working with teens and young adults but loves working with all humans in general. Other therapeutic areas of strength would be trauma, personality disorders, gender and sexuality, parenting, relationships, Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorder and ADHD. In her spare time, Leah loves audio books, gardening, and being outside.
(484) 759-7610 View (484) 759-7610
Photo of Molly Gilley - Bread&Sword Counseling, Pre-Licensed Professional
Bread&Sword Counseling
Pre-Licensed Professional
Center Valley, PA 18034
Hi. My name is Molly Gilley. Life can be challenging, painful, and difficult to navigate both internally and in relationships. My goal is to provide a safe, supportive space where we can thoughtfully explore your experiences together. I value the collaborative process and take a trauma-informed approach, attending to past wounds while offering warmth, authenticity, and empathy. Because we are whole beings—body, mind, and spirit—I also welcome spiritual integration as part of a holistic path toward healing. I draw on evidence-based approaches, including Psychodynamic and Narrative Therapy, to support each client’s unique journey.
Hi. My name is Molly Gilley. Life can be challenging, painful, and difficult to navigate both internally and in relationships. My goal is to provide a safe, supportive space where we can thoughtfully explore your experiences together. I value the collaborative process and take a trauma-informed approach, attending to past wounds while offering warmth, authenticity, and empathy. Because we are whole beings—body, mind, and spirit—I also welcome spiritual integration as part of a holistic path toward healing. I draw on evidence-based approaches, including Psychodynamic and Narrative Therapy, to support each client’s unique journey.
(484) 309-9202 View (484) 309-9202
Photo of Beth Kausner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Beth Kausner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Life can be overwhelming, and we may need extra support at times to navigate it. I am a clinical social worker with over 8 years of experience serving children, adults, and families. My goal is to provide a supportive and safe place for clients to work toward personal goals and improve their overall wellbeing. I strive to help clients feel safe to explore the difficulties they may be experiencing regarding issues like anxiety, depression, and coping skills. I utilize a warm, nonjudgmental, collaborative approach with clients to provide support while exploring these difficulties.
Life can be overwhelming, and we may need extra support at times to navigate it. I am a clinical social worker with over 8 years of experience serving children, adults, and families. My goal is to provide a supportive and safe place for clients to work toward personal goals and improve their overall wellbeing. I strive to help clients feel safe to explore the difficulties they may be experiencing regarding issues like anxiety, depression, and coping skills. I utilize a warm, nonjudgmental, collaborative approach with clients to provide support while exploring these difficulties.
(484) 286-3726 View (484) 286-3726
Photo of Sophia Mysel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sophia Mysel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Hello there! I'm Sophia, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). My background is in working with young people transitioning to adulthood. Navigating life transitions can be confusing and difficult, but also exciting and made easier with someone to support you along the way. I utilize an eclectic, strengths-based, and trauma-informed approach. If you're looking for a therapist to help you understand yourself better, I might be the right fit for you!
Hello there! I'm Sophia, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). My background is in working with young people transitioning to adulthood. Navigating life transitions can be confusing and difficult, but also exciting and made easier with someone to support you along the way. I utilize an eclectic, strengths-based, and trauma-informed approach. If you're looking for a therapist to help you understand yourself better, I might be the right fit for you!
(484) 864-4744 View (484) 864-4744
Photo of Julie Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Julie Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Center Valley, PA 18034
Not accepting new clients
Julie's treatment approach is experiential including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and EMDR. Therapy is focused on developing tools and skills, in and outside of session, to navigate your unique challenges with greater confidence and flexibility. As your therapist Julie may occasionally challenge you and encourage you to try new tools and strategies, but ultimately, the decision is yours as to what direction therapy takes. In her spare time, Julie enjoys spending time with loved ones, hiking with her dogs, sports, listening to audiobooks, and attending professional development trainings.
Julie's treatment approach is experiential including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and EMDR. Therapy is focused on developing tools and skills, in and outside of session, to navigate your unique challenges with greater confidence and flexibility. As your therapist Julie may occasionally challenge you and encourage you to try new tools and strategies, but ultimately, the decision is yours as to what direction therapy takes. In her spare time, Julie enjoys spending time with loved ones, hiking with her dogs, sports, listening to audiobooks, and attending professional development trainings.
(484) 603-6161 View (484) 603-6161
Photo of Korina Hasbrouck, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Korina Hasbrouck
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Center Valley, PA 18034
Korina Hasbrouck is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2006. She has an Associate’s Degree in Pre-Professional Psychology, a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, and a Master of Science in Marriage and Family Therapy. Korina is specifically trained and experienced to work with individuals, children, couples, and families who are having difficulties with their mental health and relationship issues. Outside of work, Korina enjoys spending time with her teenage daughter, watching movies and good television series with her family, and playing with her silly dogs, Mort and Giddy.
Korina Hasbrouck is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2006. She has an Associate’s Degree in Pre-Professional Psychology, a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, and a Master of Science in Marriage and Family Therapy. Korina is specifically trained and experienced to work with individuals, children, couples, and families who are having difficulties with their mental health and relationship issues. Outside of work, Korina enjoys spending time with her teenage daughter, watching movies and good television series with her family, and playing with her silly dogs, Mort and Giddy.
(484) 263-8436 View (484) 263-8436
Photo of Laura Troxel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura Troxel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Center Valley, PA 18034
Not accepting new clients
Laura Troxel is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, with over 20 years of practice working with individuals ranging in age from 11 to 70. Laura has extensive experience with individual dealing with life changes, depression, anxiety, ADHD, bipolar illness, addiction, anger, chronic mental health conditions, parents of children with behavioral health issues, and loved ones of persons dealing with addition.
Laura Troxel is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, with over 20 years of practice working with individuals ranging in age from 11 to 70. Laura has extensive experience with individual dealing with life changes, depression, anxiety, ADHD, bipolar illness, addiction, anger, chronic mental health conditions, parents of children with behavioral health issues, and loved ones of persons dealing with addition.
(484) 309-9481 View (484) 309-9481

See more therapy options for Center Valley

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Center Valley, PA

100+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Center Valley, PA who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
80% Depression
58% Trauma and PTSD
54% Self Esteem
49% Grief
38% Women's Issues
37% ADHD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Cigna and Evernorth
84% Aetna
76% Highmark

How Therapists in Center Valley, PA see their clients

74% Online Only
26% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

90% Female
9% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Center Valley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.