Therapists in Studio City, CA

Photo of Andreana Davies, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Andreana Davies
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Studio City, CA 91604
It’s easy to feel alone in your experience; deficient in countless ways. If only you could fix this or that, then you would be lovable, shame-free, confident, worthy, desirable, valuable… the list goes on & on. Where do these beliefs come from? Is change actually possible? Who are you if you allow yourself acceptance or love? Who are you, really?
It’s easy to feel alone in your experience; deficient in countless ways. If only you could fix this or that, then you would be lovable, shame-free, confident, worthy, desirable, valuable… the list goes on & on. Where do these beliefs come from? Is change actually possible? Who are you if you allow yourself acceptance or love? Who are you, really?
(323) 925-2292 View (323) 925-2292
Photo of undefined - Jenny Hannah: Buddhist and Depth Psychology , LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jenny Hannah: Buddhist and Depth Psychology
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
Accepting New Clients. As an integrative and holistic therapist, I invite shadow aspects of the individual and collective as tools for growth. I believe genuine healing comes from mindfulness awareness (being present to the experience of living), honoring emotions, cultural awareness, and curiosity. Relational approaches are at the foundation of my work, along with depth psychology (exploring how the unconscious shapes our thoughts and actions). When serviceable to explore, art and somatic based practices may be used, as these approaches can be a rich source of integration for artists and those in the healing profession.
Accepting New Clients. As an integrative and holistic therapist, I invite shadow aspects of the individual and collective as tools for growth. I believe genuine healing comes from mindfulness awareness (being present to the experience of living), honoring emotions, cultural awareness, and curiosity. Relational approaches are at the foundation of my work, along with depth psychology (exploring how the unconscious shapes our thoughts and actions). When serviceable to explore, art and somatic based practices may be used, as these approaches can be a rich source of integration for artists and those in the healing profession.
(213) 315-6252 View (213) 315-6252
Photo of Lisa Palley, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lisa Palley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Studio City, CA 91604
At its best, therapy provides a safe, supportive environment where you can be heard and valued for the unique person that you are. Having someone in your corner to help you process past hurts and pinpoint and remove barriers to authentic, happy living can be indispensable. I enjoy working with people from diverse backgrounds to identify areas for growth and healing. As someone who used to work in the corporate and entertainment worlds prior to becoming a therapist, I am sensitive to the challenges we face trying to lead balanced, healthy lives, and I welcome the opportunity to help you achieve greater insight and fulfillment.
At its best, therapy provides a safe, supportive environment where you can be heard and valued for the unique person that you are. Having someone in your corner to help you process past hurts and pinpoint and remove barriers to authentic, happy living can be indispensable. I enjoy working with people from diverse backgrounds to identify areas for growth and healing. As someone who used to work in the corporate and entertainment worlds prior to becoming a therapist, I am sensitive to the challenges we face trying to lead balanced, healthy lives, and I welcome the opportunity to help you achieve greater insight and fulfillment.
(650) 265-2346 View (650) 265-2346
Photo of Yelena Tokman, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Yelena Tokman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
Many of the feelings, wishes, and concerns that motivate our thinking and behavior are housed in the furthest corners of the psyche, away from awareness. It is no wonder that changing long-standing patterns, even if we know how beneficial this change can be, presents a challenge. As a therapist, I help explore the origin and function of the rigid internal mechanisms that inhibit personal growth. Together, we will uncover past experiences and hidden motivations, trace their impact on the present, and explore ways to move beyond the symptoms and limitations, towards integration and fulfillment.
Many of the feelings, wishes, and concerns that motivate our thinking and behavior are housed in the furthest corners of the psyche, away from awareness. It is no wonder that changing long-standing patterns, even if we know how beneficial this change can be, presents a challenge. As a therapist, I help explore the origin and function of the rigid internal mechanisms that inhibit personal growth. Together, we will uncover past experiences and hidden motivations, trace their impact on the present, and explore ways to move beyond the symptoms and limitations, towards integration and fulfillment.
(323) 676-0502 View (323) 676-0502
Photo of Charles Adrian Bewley, MS, LMFT, EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist
Charles Adrian Bewley
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Studio City, CA 91604
One of the best things my dad ever said to me was: Unless you believe in reincarnation, it’s time to be happy now. (Personally, I think this applies even if you do believe in reincarnation.) How to make the most of our time, our relationships, and ourselves - for me, these are the key questions that led me to become a marriage and family therapist. Along with traditional talk therapy, I use EMDR (if desired), as well as IFS, to help you work through present challenges and past difficult experiences so that you can live more freely in the here and now - unencumbered by old self-defeating beliefs and fears.
One of the best things my dad ever said to me was: Unless you believe in reincarnation, it’s time to be happy now. (Personally, I think this applies even if you do believe in reincarnation.) How to make the most of our time, our relationships, and ourselves - for me, these are the key questions that led me to become a marriage and family therapist. Along with traditional talk therapy, I use EMDR (if desired), as well as IFS, to help you work through present challenges and past difficult experiences so that you can live more freely in the here and now - unencumbered by old self-defeating beliefs and fears.
(747) 205-1104 View (747) 205-1104
Photo of David Boyajian, MS, LMFT, CSAT, Marriage & Family Therapist
David Boyajian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, CSAT
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
If you feel hopeless about your problematic sexual behaviors, or feel trapped in betrayal trauma after discovering your partner’s secret sexual behaviors, I can assure you, there is hope. Since 2018, I have treated a broad range of mental health concerns, but as a Certified Sex Addiction Therapist (CSAT), I have expertise with addictive sexual behaviors including pornography use, paid sex, infidelity, and more. I offer individual and couples psychotherapy for both men and women and telehealth sex addiction therapy groups for men only.
If you feel hopeless about your problematic sexual behaviors, or feel trapped in betrayal trauma after discovering your partner’s secret sexual behaviors, I can assure you, there is hope. Since 2018, I have treated a broad range of mental health concerns, but as a Certified Sex Addiction Therapist (CSAT), I have expertise with addictive sexual behaviors including pornography use, paid sex, infidelity, and more. I offer individual and couples psychotherapy for both men and women and telehealth sex addiction therapy groups for men only.
(323) 675-3254 View (323) 675-3254
Photo of Mindi Levins-Pfeifer, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mindi Levins-Pfeifer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
My specialty is building relationships and making clients feel safe in a space to share. I focus on 1:1 ,couples, families and groups. I am always looking to balance solution focused sessions with underlying clinical issues. Helping clients feel like they can get some relief early on in therapy is a priority. Anxiety, depression, addiction, family relation issues, life transitions and Covid are just some areas of work are that are my specialty. Whether you are comfortable free flow talking or need a more interview style, I am comfortable doing both. I also specialize in young adult and dual diagnosis.
My specialty is building relationships and making clients feel safe in a space to share. I focus on 1:1 ,couples, families and groups. I am always looking to balance solution focused sessions with underlying clinical issues. Helping clients feel like they can get some relief early on in therapy is a priority. Anxiety, depression, addiction, family relation issues, life transitions and Covid are just some areas of work are that are my specialty. Whether you are comfortable free flow talking or need a more interview style, I am comfortable doing both. I also specialize in young adult and dual diagnosis.
(323) 765-1139 View (323) 765-1139
Photo of undefined - Studio City Clinical Associates, Karen Chambre, LCSW, PsyD, Ca, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Studio City Clinical Associates, Karen Chambre
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PsyD, Ca
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
For the past 40 years, I have had the pleasure of assisting my clients in overcoming their internal and external challenges. I am grateful for all the guidance and training I have received from my teachers, mentors, and supervisors. With their help, I have gained a deep understanding of psychodynamic, developmental, and mindfulness psychotherapy, which has enabled me to help clients of all ages, ethnicities, genders, and sexual orientations move forward. I am proud to introduce a new therapy corporation that consists of many excellent therapists, including Linda Engle, LCSW.
For the past 40 years, I have had the pleasure of assisting my clients in overcoming their internal and external challenges. I am grateful for all the guidance and training I have received from my teachers, mentors, and supervisors. With their help, I have gained a deep understanding of psychodynamic, developmental, and mindfulness psychotherapy, which has enabled me to help clients of all ages, ethnicities, genders, and sexual orientations move forward. I am proud to introduce a new therapy corporation that consists of many excellent therapists, including Linda Engle, LCSW.
(818) 276-9238 View (818) 276-9238
Photo of Emdr And Somatic Therapy Tannaz Alagheband, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Emdr And Somatic Therapy Tannaz Alagheband
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
Do any of these sound familiar? You are constantly “on” and have a hard time relaxing. You want to do it all and have difficulty saying no. You have achieved a lot and have the external signs of success. Yet, you continue to feel anxious and not good enough inside. You’re aware of having emotional wounds that impact the way you view yourself and show up in your relationships. You understand the “why” behind your responses, yet you continue to feel troubled by distressing past events and cope in ways that are no longer effective. If any of these statements with you, you are not alone, and therapy can help.
Do any of these sound familiar? You are constantly “on” and have a hard time relaxing. You want to do it all and have difficulty saying no. You have achieved a lot and have the external signs of success. Yet, you continue to feel anxious and not good enough inside. You’re aware of having emotional wounds that impact the way you view yourself and show up in your relationships. You understand the “why” behind your responses, yet you continue to feel troubled by distressing past events and cope in ways that are no longer effective. If any of these statements with you, you are not alone, and therapy can help.
(949) 771-8873 View (949) 771-8873
Photo of Stacey G. Starre, LCSW, SEP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stacey G. Starre
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
When "talk therapy" isn't enough... I specialize in using a calming, holistic technique, Somatic Experiencing and Touch therapy to treat Anxiety, Stress, Trauma and Pain Management. Although I use regular "talk therapy," I specialize in these techniques because it works. There is lasting change. It regulates your nervous system and increases overall resilience. You will learn to trust your body's innate wisdom and capacity to heal and Feel Calmer.
When "talk therapy" isn't enough... I specialize in using a calming, holistic technique, Somatic Experiencing and Touch therapy to treat Anxiety, Stress, Trauma and Pain Management. Although I use regular "talk therapy," I specialize in these techniques because it works. There is lasting change. It regulates your nervous system and increases overall resilience. You will learn to trust your body's innate wisdom and capacity to heal and Feel Calmer.
(310) 779-9016 View (310) 779-9016
Photo of Alli Spotts-De Lazzer, LMFT, LPCC, CEDS-C, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alli Spotts-De Lazzer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC, CEDS-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Studio City, CA 91604
Hi! You are invited to team with me to get you on a path to living the contented, satisfying life you’d like to live.
Hi! You are invited to team with me to get you on a path to living the contented, satisfying life you’d like to live.
(323) 379-0635 View (323) 379-0635
Photo of Kate Ettinger, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Kate Ettinger
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
Not accepting new clients
Kate firmly believes that the quality of our relationships is one of the most significant contributing factors to our quality of life. For this reason, she is committed to helping her clients repair and strengthen their relationships, so that they can withstand the many pressures and stresses of life. Kate helps her clients to better understand how they show up in partnership, and to shift the relational behaviors that may be standing in the way of building healthy, long-lasting connection. The goal of therapy is a resilient relationship where partners can grow, evolve, and come together as they journey through life.
Kate firmly believes that the quality of our relationships is one of the most significant contributing factors to our quality of life. For this reason, she is committed to helping her clients repair and strengthen their relationships, so that they can withstand the many pressures and stresses of life. Kate helps her clients to better understand how they show up in partnership, and to shift the relational behaviors that may be standing in the way of building healthy, long-lasting connection. The goal of therapy is a resilient relationship where partners can grow, evolve, and come together as they journey through life.
(818) 351-1679 View (818) 351-1679
Photo of Cheryl Purdue, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cheryl Purdue
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604  (Online Only)
My focus is on healing developmental trauma and its accompanying symptoms, which include anxiety, depression and unresolved grief. With more than 40 years spent as a therapist, and with my specialized somatic training, I help my clients use their body, mind and heart to get grounded, discharge old trauma and connect to their authentic selves. The more any of us can live with access to our full, unimpeded life force, the greater the gift to ourselves and the world.
My focus is on healing developmental trauma and its accompanying symptoms, which include anxiety, depression and unresolved grief. With more than 40 years spent as a therapist, and with my specialized somatic training, I help my clients use their body, mind and heart to get grounded, discharge old trauma and connect to their authentic selves. The more any of us can live with access to our full, unimpeded life force, the greater the gift to ourselves and the world.
(818) 492-9966 View (818) 492-9966
Photo of Drew Merrill, APCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Drew Merrill
Pre-Licensed Professional, APCC
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604  (Online Only)
Each person has walked a unique path throughout their life. I believe it is important to include these life differences in therapy, tailoring the therapeutic process to each individual’s needs. I also believe that you have the strength within you to be successful in reaching your goals. Together, we can further develop your own strengths as well as learn new skills in order to better manage problems you are currently facing.
Each person has walked a unique path throughout their life. I believe it is important to include these life differences in therapy, tailoring the therapeutic process to each individual’s needs. I also believe that you have the strength within you to be successful in reaching your goals. Together, we can further develop your own strengths as well as learn new skills in order to better manage problems you are currently facing.
(323) 694-7020 View (323) 694-7020
Photo of Anne C Ruane, PsyD, Psychologist
Anne C Ruane
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604
My style of therapy is one that is both collaborative and supportive. I believe that all individuals have the capacity to make lasting changes in their lives. I help the individual tap into those abilities by challenging the conscious and unconscious barriers that can impede growth and change. Using psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral techniques, I provide a safe, nurturing environment where individuals can explore their challenges and unearth their full potential.
My style of therapy is one that is both collaborative and supportive. I believe that all individuals have the capacity to make lasting changes in their lives. I help the individual tap into those abilities by challenging the conscious and unconscious barriers that can impede growth and change. Using psychodynamic and cognitive behavioral techniques, I provide a safe, nurturing environment where individuals can explore their challenges and unearth their full potential.
(323) 284-2261 View (323) 284-2261
Photo of Elisabeth S Sadler, PsyD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elisabeth S Sadler
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Studio City, CA 91604
Are you looking for answers? Did you know that you have all the answers; all you need is within your grasp if you know where to look and how to access them. ANGER, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, or SUBSTANCE ABUSE destroy the spirit of the person as well as their relationships. Finding your true authentic self requires only the repetition of new and productive behaviors for change. Call me and we can start today!
Are you looking for answers? Did you know that you have all the answers; all you need is within your grasp if you know where to look and how to access them. ANGER, ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, or SUBSTANCE ABUSE destroy the spirit of the person as well as their relationships. Finding your true authentic self requires only the repetition of new and productive behaviors for change. Call me and we can start today!
(818) 381-4959 View (818) 381-4959
Photo of Jenna Bennett, PhD, Psychologist
Jenna Bennett
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Studio City, CA 91604  (Online Only)
How would it feel to embody your whole self? What would it be like to welcome the parts of you that haven’t been embraced and discover who you are at your core? Without this knowledge you may feel anxious, depressed, insecure, and like an imposter in your own life. Yet, when you know yourself deeply, you can move through work, engage in relationships, and respond to challenges with confidence, stability, and vitality. I specialize in facilitating this work: to empower you to know your own heart and mind and make decisions that honor who you are. Let’s awaken the truest you.
How would it feel to embody your whole self? What would it be like to welcome the parts of you that haven’t been embraced and discover who you are at your core? Without this knowledge you may feel anxious, depressed, insecure, and like an imposter in your own life. Yet, when you know yourself deeply, you can move through work, engage in relationships, and respond to challenges with confidence, stability, and vitality. I specialize in facilitating this work: to empower you to know your own heart and mind and make decisions that honor who you are. Let’s awaken the truest you.
(310) 928-9764 View (310) 928-9764
Photo of George Lough, PhD, SEP, NARM, Psychologist
George Lough
Psychologist, PhD, SEP, NARM
Verified Verified
Studio City, CA 91604  (Online Only)
If you grew up in a dysfunctional family it is essential to understand and heal from the emotional wounds you suffered in that environment. You internalized bad relationship styles. Your wounds may appear in the form of excessive fears, unexplained sadness, inappropriate expressions of anger and an inability to be creative. Facing the truth about your emotional wounds can give you the freedom to be your true self. In our therapy I'll provide you with the support and guidance you need, bringing a spiritual perspective, giving you an understanding of how your past affects your present.
If you grew up in a dysfunctional family it is essential to understand and heal from the emotional wounds you suffered in that environment. You internalized bad relationship styles. Your wounds may appear in the form of excessive fears, unexplained sadness, inappropriate expressions of anger and an inability to be creative. Facing the truth about your emotional wounds can give you the freedom to be your true self. In our therapy I'll provide you with the support and guidance you need, bringing a spiritual perspective, giving you an understanding of how your past affects your present.
(323) 629-8121 View (323) 629-8121
Photo of Jeremy Thacker, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jeremy Thacker
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Studio City, CA 91604
I specialize in helping people struggling with sexuality & relationships, grief/loss, and LGBTQ+ issues. That includes anyone who has grown up feeling unaccepted as their authentic self or experienced the loss of a loved one. I especially understand the deep impact of childhood trauma and how to approach healing. I believe healing begins with connection. Good therapy is a safe place where all parts of you are welcome! The trust we build together comes with an open invitation to explore the protected parts of yourself at your own pace.
I specialize in helping people struggling with sexuality & relationships, grief/loss, and LGBTQ+ issues. That includes anyone who has grown up feeling unaccepted as their authentic self or experienced the loss of a loved one. I especially understand the deep impact of childhood trauma and how to approach healing. I believe healing begins with connection. Good therapy is a safe place where all parts of you are welcome! The trust we build together comes with an open invitation to explore the protected parts of yourself at your own pace.
(323) 834-2420 View (323) 834-2420
Photo of Elaine Oh, LMFT, ATR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elaine Oh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMFT, ATR
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Studio City, CA 91604
I believe everyone has unique stories that need to be heard. As I listen with curiosity and support, individuals freely explore their stories, become more open to delving into meanings, and further empowered to define their sense of self that needed to be received. In my work with clients, I integrate evidence-based practices such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). As a registered art therapist, I am also aware and appreciative of non-verbal expression and the benefit of using this creative form of expression.
I believe everyone has unique stories that need to be heard. As I listen with curiosity and support, individuals freely explore their stories, become more open to delving into meanings, and further empowered to define their sense of self that needed to be received. In my work with clients, I integrate evidence-based practices such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). As a registered art therapist, I am also aware and appreciative of non-verbal expression and the benefit of using this creative form of expression.
(323) 576-4643 View (323) 576-4643

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Studio City, CA

400+

Average cost per session

$195

Therapists in Studio City, CA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
89% Depression
88% Relationship Issues
81% Self Esteem
71% Grief
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

52% Aetna
45% Cigna and Evernorth
43% Optum

How Therapists in Studio City, CA see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Studio City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.