Therapists in Hollywood, CA

Photo of Charlotte Watley, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Charlotte Watley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
My name is Charlotte Watley. I am a Marriage and Family Therapist. By trade, I am a professional listener. My training has been based on Family Systems. From a Depth perspective, a psychoanalytic psychodynamic framework we build a stronger you. Log on, sit down, and share. I will listen! I am here to be a support to you. I am a therapist who keeps your goals in mind. I feel at ease working with individuals who want to make emotional and behavioral changes that improve and stabilize their lives.
My name is Charlotte Watley. I am a Marriage and Family Therapist. By trade, I am a professional listener. My training has been based on Family Systems. From a Depth perspective, a psychoanalytic psychodynamic framework we build a stronger you. Log on, sit down, and share. I will listen! I am here to be a support to you. I am a therapist who keeps your goals in mind. I feel at ease working with individuals who want to make emotional and behavioral changes that improve and stabilize their lives.
(657) 837-5694 View (657) 837-5694
Photo of James Johansen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CST
James Johansen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CST
Online Only
James Johansen is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and an AASECT- Certified Sex Therapist (CST). In 2020, James founded Modern Sex, an organization dedicated to being a resource for those seeking mental and sexual health support. James engages through a trauma-informed lens shaped by decades of social advocacy and therapeutic work with marginalized populations. James is informed by evidence-based modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT), and interweaves existential, relational, and humanistic therapy in his treatment planning.
James Johansen is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and an AASECT- Certified Sex Therapist (CST). In 2020, James founded Modern Sex, an organization dedicated to being a resource for those seeking mental and sexual health support. James engages through a trauma-informed lens shaped by decades of social advocacy and therapeutic work with marginalized populations. James is informed by evidence-based modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT), and interweaves existential, relational, and humanistic therapy in his treatment planning.
(213) 699-5202 View (213) 699-5202
Photo of Michelle Susan Webber, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Michelle Susan Webber
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Are you feeling lost, unmotivated, and like nothing seems to be working? Or are you a parent struggling to communicate with your kid? Or are you in a relationship where you are not feeling heard? Things can get better for you. Trust me on this! Hi! I’m Michelle Webber, a high energy, licensed Therapist, Addiction Specialist and Life Coach with over 25 years of experience in Los Angeles. It takes courage to go forward, to harness your power within. We will work together to help you find a sense of peace and acceptance while you move forward in your life. Tell me your inner most fears, dreams, and goals. Nothing will shock me.
Are you feeling lost, unmotivated, and like nothing seems to be working? Or are you a parent struggling to communicate with your kid? Or are you in a relationship where you are not feeling heard? Things can get better for you. Trust me on this! Hi! I’m Michelle Webber, a high energy, licensed Therapist, Addiction Specialist and Life Coach with over 25 years of experience in Los Angeles. It takes courage to go forward, to harness your power within. We will work together to help you find a sense of peace and acceptance while you move forward in your life. Tell me your inner most fears, dreams, and goals. Nothing will shock me.
(323) 523-5957 View (323) 523-5957
Photo of Yvonne L. Westbrook, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Yvonne L. Westbrook
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Hollywood, CA 90068
I do my best to keep an open mind and to create an environment that is conducive to fostering open communication and trust. I respect and value the thoughts and feelings of my client's. I believe that therapy is, ultimately, about freedom and that healing occurs through the process of self-exploration, understanding, finding meaning and deepening one's insight. I tend to work directly and dynamically, rather than passively; I do a lot of listening and I am also active in the therapeutic role.
I do my best to keep an open mind and to create an environment that is conducive to fostering open communication and trust. I respect and value the thoughts and feelings of my client's. I believe that therapy is, ultimately, about freedom and that healing occurs through the process of self-exploration, understanding, finding meaning and deepening one's insight. I tend to work directly and dynamically, rather than passively; I do a lot of listening and I am also active in the therapeutic role.
(323) 387-3979 View (323) 387-3979
Photo of Daphna Cardinale, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Daphna Cardinale
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Therapy works. Emotional relief is possible. Changing your life is possible. It takes hard work, dedication, and support from someone who really cares. That's what I offer. I believe that in looking at how we relate to others and ourselves both now and throughout our lives up until this point, we can come to a greater understanding of ourselves and therefore can change. I cater my approach to the individual, couple, family, or group as I get to know you and your needs. When appropriate, I also use dream analysis, meditation, play therapy, and art therapy.
Therapy works. Emotional relief is possible. Changing your life is possible. It takes hard work, dedication, and support from someone who really cares. That's what I offer. I believe that in looking at how we relate to others and ourselves both now and throughout our lives up until this point, we can come to a greater understanding of ourselves and therefore can change. I cater my approach to the individual, couple, family, or group as I get to know you and your needs. When appropriate, I also use dream analysis, meditation, play therapy, and art therapy.
(310) 331-8504 View (310) 331-8504
Photo of Geoffrey Rose, Pastoral Counselor, PhD
Geoffrey Rose
Pastoral Counselor, PhD
Hollywood, CA 90028
We create our personal reality through the power of our consciousness. It’s a remarkable fact. But manifesting a fulfilling, joyful, purposeful life doesn’t just happen. It requires psychological, emotional, and spiritual tools that are rarely, if ever, taught to us. Employing and teaching these tools over the past 31 years in private practice, I've specialized in helping conscious creatives find fulfillment, joy, and professional success. Through a deep, transformative process, you’ll complete your unfinished emotional business and discover a more peaceful and effective version of yourself. This will change absolutely everything.
We create our personal reality through the power of our consciousness. It’s a remarkable fact. But manifesting a fulfilling, joyful, purposeful life doesn’t just happen. It requires psychological, emotional, and spiritual tools that are rarely, if ever, taught to us. Employing and teaching these tools over the past 31 years in private practice, I've specialized in helping conscious creatives find fulfillment, joy, and professional success. Through a deep, transformative process, you’ll complete your unfinished emotional business and discover a more peaceful and effective version of yourself. This will change absolutely everything.
(323) 673-2091 View (323) 673-2091
Photo of Evan Jones, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Evan Jones
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hello! I'm Evan and I'm a licensed therapist (LMFT) based in California. In our sessions, we'll identify your goals and create practical, actionable solutions to achieve them, whether you're dealing with stress, depression, relationship issues, or anything in between.
Hello! I'm Evan and I'm a licensed therapist (LMFT) based in California. In our sessions, we'll identify your goals and create practical, actionable solutions to achieve them, whether you're dealing with stress, depression, relationship issues, or anything in between.
(323) 443-1379 View (323) 443-1379
Photo of De'Jarnae Ferrell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
De'Jarnae Ferrell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I understand that life sometimes gets the best of us and we may find it difficult to look forward to a new day. My role is to work alongside you as you are the expert of your life— I am simply here to guide and assist you as you push through the barriers that attempt to stand in your way. I help remind you of your strengths and resiliency, and empower you by providing you with life long tools to help you achieve the life you imagined for yourself.
I understand that life sometimes gets the best of us and we may find it difficult to look forward to a new day. My role is to work alongside you as you are the expert of your life— I am simply here to guide and assist you as you push through the barriers that attempt to stand in your way. I help remind you of your strengths and resiliency, and empower you by providing you with life long tools to help you achieve the life you imagined for yourself.
(213) 320-4449 View (213) 320-4449
Photo of Dr. Art Bowler, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Art Bowler
Psychologist, PsyD
Online Only
The best guidance for trauma, crisis situations, and problems comes from experience and expertise with the subject itself. And that's me! I am doctor, clinical psychologist, health coach, and educator committed to helping all people improve their internal and external lives on all levels: social, occupational, recreational, relational, physical, psychological, emotional, psychiatric, occupational, spiritual, religious, and sexual. I am highly skilled in developing quick and effective treatment plans for exceptional living. Feel free to reach out!
The best guidance for trauma, crisis situations, and problems comes from experience and expertise with the subject itself. And that's me! I am doctor, clinical psychologist, health coach, and educator committed to helping all people improve their internal and external lives on all levels: social, occupational, recreational, relational, physical, psychological, emotional, psychiatric, occupational, spiritual, religious, and sexual. I am highly skilled in developing quick and effective treatment plans for exceptional living. Feel free to reach out!
(323) 483-6193 View (323) 483-6193
Photo of Dean Leav - Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean, Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Psychological Testing & Evaluations - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Serves Area
I’m Dr. Dean Leav. I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I conduct ADHD / autism / learning disability evaluations, legal / forensic evaluations for court, risk assessment (violence / sexual), cognitive / neuropsychological evaluations, diagnostic psychological evaluations, immigration evaluations, adoption evaluations, parenting / bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, fitness for duty evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME) evaluations, and other types of psychological evaluations / assessments.
I’m Dr. Dean Leav. I've been featured on ABC, NBC, KCAL, and other programs as an expert psychologist. I conduct ADHD / autism / learning disability evaluations, legal / forensic evaluations for court, risk assessment (violence / sexual), cognitive / neuropsychological evaluations, diagnostic psychological evaluations, immigration evaluations, adoption evaluations, parenting / bonding assessments, drug & alcohol evaluations, fitness for duty evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME) evaluations, and other types of psychological evaluations / assessments.
(213) 786-1893 View (213) 786-1893
Photo of Wendy Rolon, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Wendy Rolon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
From birth to death, we experience periods of happiness, sadness, anger, anxiety, overwhelm and grief. The challenging periods can feel intense; I believe they can also offer us an opportunity for transformation and growth. I bring open-hearted curiosity to our work together. My goal is to help you gain self-understanding and self-compassion, giving you the skills to better navigate challenges, and to enjoy a more expansive life. I have an affinity for those who are experiencing any type of grief, caregivers and also for neurodivergent people. Let's work together and get you the support you need.
From birth to death, we experience periods of happiness, sadness, anger, anxiety, overwhelm and grief. The challenging periods can feel intense; I believe they can also offer us an opportunity for transformation and growth. I bring open-hearted curiosity to our work together. My goal is to help you gain self-understanding and self-compassion, giving you the skills to better navigate challenges, and to enjoy a more expansive life. I have an affinity for those who are experiencing any type of grief, caregivers and also for neurodivergent people. Let's work together and get you the support you need.
(925) 489-2331 View (925) 489-2331
Photo of Lynda K. Cash, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Lynda K. Cash
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Lynda K. Cash, LMFT has over 17 years of clinical experience as a licensed marriage and family therapist. Lynda has worked with individuals, couples and families to gain insight and understanding regarding unhealthy/dysfunctional behavioral life patterns. Lynda specializes in helping her clients overcome challenges with managing their spiritual, mental, emotional, physical and financial well-being.
Lynda K. Cash, LMFT has over 17 years of clinical experience as a licensed marriage and family therapist. Lynda has worked with individuals, couples and families to gain insight and understanding regarding unhealthy/dysfunctional behavioral life patterns. Lynda specializes in helping her clients overcome challenges with managing their spiritual, mental, emotional, physical and financial well-being.
(909) 493-0404 View (909) 493-0404
Photo of Danny Mathews, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Danny Mathews
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Serves Area
My approach is to empathize, affirm, and understand you as deeply as possible. This allows me to choose and customize specific treatment plans that will meet your unique needs. I approach therapy as collaboration with individual clients, couples, and families with the goal of empowerment to confront pain, anxiety, and depression, process trauma and grief, to repair and improve relationships, to develop self-awareness and facilitate personal discovery for achieving growth and desired change.
My approach is to empathize, affirm, and understand you as deeply as possible. This allows me to choose and customize specific treatment plans that will meet your unique needs. I approach therapy as collaboration with individual clients, couples, and families with the goal of empowerment to confront pain, anxiety, and depression, process trauma and grief, to repair and improve relationships, to develop self-awareness and facilitate personal discovery for achieving growth and desired change.
(818) 686-5970 View (818) 686-5970
Photo of Jason Katz, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LPCC, LMFT
Jason Katz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LPCC, LMFT
Online Only
Whether you have a specific problem in mind or desire a deeper understanding of your life experience, you have the potential for healing and growth within yourself. I am committed to seeing you find relief from your personal or relational difficulties or any concerns you may be having related to sexuality. My aim is to help you feel more settled within yourself, develop more fulfilling and satisfying relationships, and create purpose and meaning in your life. Through our time together, it's my sincere hope you will begin to experience the joy and contentment that you are searching for in your life.
Whether you have a specific problem in mind or desire a deeper understanding of your life experience, you have the potential for healing and growth within yourself. I am committed to seeing you find relief from your personal or relational difficulties or any concerns you may be having related to sexuality. My aim is to help you feel more settled within yourself, develop more fulfilling and satisfying relationships, and create purpose and meaning in your life. Through our time together, it's my sincere hope you will begin to experience the joy and contentment that you are searching for in your life.
(323) 302-8546 View (323) 302-8546
Photo of Rosa L. Casquino, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rosa L. Casquino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you feeling stuck or overwhelmed by painful experiences like childhood sexual abuse, narcissistic relationships, or a difficult divorce? Trauma can leave you feeling disconnected and alone, but you deserve support and healing. Together, we’ll work toward emotional well-being, personal growth, and reclaiming your sense of self. I also welcome fellow therapists seeking support. Let’s help you find more peace and joy in your life
Are you feeling stuck or overwhelmed by painful experiences like childhood sexual abuse, narcissistic relationships, or a difficult divorce? Trauma can leave you feeling disconnected and alone, but you deserve support and healing. Together, we’ll work toward emotional well-being, personal growth, and reclaiming your sense of self. I also welcome fellow therapists seeking support. Let’s help you find more peace and joy in your life
(323) 716-0578 View (323) 716-0578
Photo of Kimberly Bye, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Kimberly Bye
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Serves Area
Asking someone for help is one of the most powerful decisions you can make, so I consider it a privilege to guide you along this path of self-discovery. I work with clients in a supportive, compassionate, and nurturing way; helping them identify strengths and define goals through a process of active listening, deep empathy, non-judgment and acceptance. I work in an eclectic yet integrative manner utilizing many different modalities depending upon the client's needs and what they would most benefit from. I draw from neuroscience, research, and best clinical practices to carefully determine the right approach for each client.
Asking someone for help is one of the most powerful decisions you can make, so I consider it a privilege to guide you along this path of self-discovery. I work with clients in a supportive, compassionate, and nurturing way; helping them identify strengths and define goals through a process of active listening, deep empathy, non-judgment and acceptance. I work in an eclectic yet integrative manner utilizing many different modalities depending upon the client's needs and what they would most benefit from. I draw from neuroscience, research, and best clinical practices to carefully determine the right approach for each client.
(323) 613-2424 View (323) 613-2424
Photo of Anthony M. Greco, Psychologist, PsyD
Anthony M. Greco
Psychologist, PsyD
Serves Area
The most important thing we can do, as a therapist, is meet the client where they are at. Therapy has to be flexible, just like life. My primary goal with you will be to understand where you are at in your life, what your goals are, and most importantly to be flexible with you as things and life change. I specialize in a variety of things from addiction, anxiety, trauma, and depression, and a wide variety of approaches to these issues, including talk therapy, movement, 12-step recovery, community groups, and working with those on medications and psychedelics. All depends on what works for you!
The most important thing we can do, as a therapist, is meet the client where they are at. Therapy has to be flexible, just like life. My primary goal with you will be to understand where you are at in your life, what your goals are, and most importantly to be flexible with you as things and life change. I specialize in a variety of things from addiction, anxiety, trauma, and depression, and a wide variety of approaches to these issues, including talk therapy, movement, 12-step recovery, community groups, and working with those on medications and psychedelics. All depends on what works for you!
(661) 727-0560 View (661) 727-0560
Photo of Pam Poindexter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Pam Poindexter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My clinical interests encompass all phases of substance use treatment, issues particularly relevant to women, and the unique challenges faced by older adults. With 25 years of experience in substance use, complemented by a 15-year background in the healing arts as a Certified Recreational Therapist and seven years as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I offer a comprehensive and holistic approach. I am committed to providing a therapeutic environment where clients feel seen, heard, and understood.
My clinical interests encompass all phases of substance use treatment, issues particularly relevant to women, and the unique challenges faced by older adults. With 25 years of experience in substance use, complemented by a 15-year background in the healing arts as a Certified Recreational Therapist and seven years as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I offer a comprehensive and holistic approach. I am committed to providing a therapeutic environment where clients feel seen, heard, and understood.
(562) 442-4039 View (562) 442-4039
Photo of Lori A Elmelund, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Lori A Elmelund
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
I've been a psychotherapist for over 30 years and have found that most relief from psychic pain comes from being kinder and gentler to ourselves. I'm practical, build on strengths, and help people stay focused in the moment to bring about change. Being able to appreciate one's self in the moment is a blessing and a grace often necessary to help us move forward. I work with individuals and couples, teens to seniors.
I've been a psychotherapist for over 30 years and have found that most relief from psychic pain comes from being kinder and gentler to ourselves. I'm practical, build on strengths, and help people stay focused in the moment to bring about change. Being able to appreciate one's self in the moment is a blessing and a grace often necessary to help us move forward. I work with individuals and couples, teens to seniors.
(323) 387-3950 View (323) 387-3950
Photo of Michele Ross, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Michele Ross
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Are you ready to transform the way you think? Do you keep repeating the same behaviors/relationship patterns despite wanting to change? Are you struggling in relationships or finding it hard to connect to others? I can help you heal from trauma, change your negative thought/behavior patterns and help you improve the quality of your life. Childhood trauma, dysfunctional family systems, grief/loss and many other factors impact how a person experiences the world. If you are looking to heal from trauma, develop healthy boundaries, improve self-esteem and feel more connected to yourself and others, I can help.
Are you ready to transform the way you think? Do you keep repeating the same behaviors/relationship patterns despite wanting to change? Are you struggling in relationships or finding it hard to connect to others? I can help you heal from trauma, change your negative thought/behavior patterns and help you improve the quality of your life. Childhood trauma, dysfunctional family systems, grief/loss and many other factors impact how a person experiences the world. If you are looking to heal from trauma, develop healthy boundaries, improve self-esteem and feel more connected to yourself and others, I can help.
(213) 375-3463 View (213) 375-3463

See more therapy options for Hollywood

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Hollywood, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Hollywood, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
84% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Grief
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% Aetna
49% Optum
45% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Hollywood, CA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

70% Female
29% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Hollywood?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.