Therapists in Sherman Oaks, CA

Deisi Rohsig-Moeser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
2 Endorsed
Sherman Oaks, CA 91403
Are you feeling disconnected in your relationships, unsure of how to navigate conflicts or express your needs? Perhaps you're grappling with feelings of self-doubt, insecurity, or unresolved emotional pain that affects how you connect with others. Life transitions—whether personal, professional, or relational—can leave you feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about your path forward. You might be longing for clarity, confidence, and a deeper sense of purpose and fulfillment. As an experienced therapist, I can help you untangle these challenges, reconnect with yourself, and create meaningful changes in your life.
Are you feeling disconnected in your relationships, unsure of how to navigate conflicts or express your needs? Perhaps you're grappling with feelings of self-doubt, insecurity, or unresolved emotional pain that affects how you connect with others. Life transitions—whether personal, professional, or relational—can leave you feeling overwhelmed, stuck, or uncertain about your path forward. You might be longing for clarity, confidence, and a deeper sense of purpose and fulfillment. As an experienced therapist, I can help you untangle these challenges, reconnect with yourself, and create meaningful changes in your life.
(818) 614-5132 View (818) 614-5132
Dr. Grayce Pedersen
Psychological Associate, PsyD, PPS
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Dr. Grayce Pedersen is a psychological associate under the supervision of Dr. Farzaneh Ehsan. She is registered with the Ca Board of Psychology with over 7 years of clinical experience. Dr. Pedersen provides care for all individuals. 12-99. She has worked with children, adolescents, and adults throughout multiple stages of their lives. She focuses on breaking through the challenges of depression, anxiety, ADD, ADHD, and OCD. Dr. Pedersen is a specialist in EBT's: CBT, DBT, MBCT, and psychological assessments. Dr. Pedersen received her BA from UCLA, MA from LMU, and Doctorate from U Chicago SPP.
Dr. Grayce Pedersen is a psychological associate under the supervision of Dr. Farzaneh Ehsan. She is registered with the Ca Board of Psychology with over 7 years of clinical experience. Dr. Pedersen provides care for all individuals. 12-99. She has worked with children, adolescents, and adults throughout multiple stages of their lives. She focuses on breaking through the challenges of depression, anxiety, ADD, ADHD, and OCD. Dr. Pedersen is a specialist in EBT's: CBT, DBT, MBCT, and psychological assessments. Dr. Pedersen received her BA from UCLA, MA from LMU, and Doctorate from U Chicago SPP.
(747) 330-0250 View (747) 330-0250
Tracy Maxwell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
Growing up is never easy. Even with a loving and supportive family, children and teens will encounter varying challenges through out their lives. They may not possess the skills to navigate and understand their emotional lives. With over twelve years of experience working with children, teens, and families, I specialize in helping to identify the purpose and reduction of challenging behaviors, help children to examine their thoughts, feelings, and emotions, and practice effective strategies.
Growing up is never easy. Even with a loving and supportive family, children and teens will encounter varying challenges through out their lives. They may not possess the skills to navigate and understand their emotional lives. With over twelve years of experience working with children, teens, and families, I specialize in helping to identify the purpose and reduction of challenging behaviors, help children to examine their thoughts, feelings, and emotions, and practice effective strategies.
(424) 238-3934 View (424) 238-3934
Elizabeth Francis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
10 Endorsed
Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
I work with first-generation children of immigrants, and with bicultural and multicultural clients, who feel disconnected from their emotions, stuck in their relationships, or unsure how to fully identify what they feel. In our work together, you’ll have a supportive, attuned space to slow down, process your feelings, and develop greater emotional awareness. My approach is warm and nurturing, while also honest and direct when something important needs attention. Together, we’ll identify your relational patterns and talk through how they may be limiting you, so new ways of relating can emerge.
I work with first-generation children of immigrants, and with bicultural and multicultural clients, who feel disconnected from their emotions, stuck in their relationships, or unsure how to fully identify what they feel. In our work together, you’ll have a supportive, attuned space to slow down, process your feelings, and develop greater emotional awareness. My approach is warm and nurturing, while also honest and direct when something important needs attention. Together, we’ll identify your relational patterns and talk through how they may be limiting you, so new ways of relating can emerge.
(323) 825-6226 View (323) 825-6226
Shanequa Black
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Sherman Oaks, CA 91403
As a mental health therapist, I’ve noticed a stigma surrounding therapy in certain communities rooted in fears of therapist misunderstandings, judgment, or being told what to do. I am committed to breaking this stigma by creating a safe place where people can feel comfortable sharing whatever they’d like. My philosophy in life and treatment is to provide empathy, compassion, and support to individuals during challenging times. I want my clients to know they have a safe and nonjudgmental place to explore and understand their feelings. Through this mutual trust and respect, we will work to help you become the best version of yourself.
As a mental health therapist, I’ve noticed a stigma surrounding therapy in certain communities rooted in fears of therapist misunderstandings, judgment, or being told what to do. I am committed to breaking this stigma by creating a safe place where people can feel comfortable sharing whatever they’d like. My philosophy in life and treatment is to provide empathy, compassion, and support to individuals during challenging times. I want my clients to know they have a safe and nonjudgmental place to explore and understand their feelings. Through this mutual trust and respect, we will work to help you become the best version of yourself.
(818) 369-3716 View (818) 369-3716
Emily Jody
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you tired of spending time obsessing, counting calories, weighing yourself, compulsively exercising, or comparing yourself to others? Do you find yourself allowing your body or the food you consume to define your self-worth? In a toxic media culture, it can be extremely difficult to overcome obsessive thoughts about food and body on your own. That's why I'm here, to help you replace the unwanted, judgmental internal voice with self-compassion and empowerment. I believe you have the ability to fully recover in order to live a freer life and am here to support you through the process.
Are you tired of spending time obsessing, counting calories, weighing yourself, compulsively exercising, or comparing yourself to others? Do you find yourself allowing your body or the food you consume to define your self-worth? In a toxic media culture, it can be extremely difficult to overcome obsessive thoughts about food and body on your own. That's why I'm here, to help you replace the unwanted, judgmental internal voice with self-compassion and empowerment. I believe you have the ability to fully recover in order to live a freer life and am here to support you through the process.
(747) 221-7706 View (747) 221-7706
Marco A Viteri
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Online Only
I work with creative professionals who feel overwhelmed, stuck, or internally quiet—often during periods of stress, uncertainty, or pressure to keep producing. Many of the people I work with are thoughtful, capable, and emotionally attuned, yet feel disconnected from their momentum or unsure how to move forward. This doesn’t always look dramatic. Sometimes it looks like silence, shutdown, or feeling behind your own ideas. Therapy with me is a grounded, reflective space to slow things down, understand what your system is responding to, and reconnect with what feels true—without forcing clarity or performance.
I work with creative professionals who feel overwhelmed, stuck, or internally quiet—often during periods of stress, uncertainty, or pressure to keep producing. Many of the people I work with are thoughtful, capable, and emotionally attuned, yet feel disconnected from their momentum or unsure how to move forward. This doesn’t always look dramatic. Sometimes it looks like silence, shutdown, or feeling behind your own ideas. Therapy with me is a grounded, reflective space to slow things down, understand what your system is responding to, and reconnect with what feels true—without forcing clarity or performance.
(323) 991-8507 View (323) 991-8507
Open Expressions
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Sherman Oaks, CA 91403
Do you feel overwhelmed by trying to juggle work, relationships, and personal time? Maybe you’re struggling with setting boundaries, feeling guilty about not spending enough time with loved ones, or just feeling like you can’t get it all done. Perhaps you’re experiencing grief or anxiety that makes it hard to stay focused or enjoy life. You don’t have to navigate these challenges alone—I’m here to help you find balance and perspective. I work with adults, including busy professionals, who want to feel more relaxed and level-headed as they navigate the demands of life.
Do you feel overwhelmed by trying to juggle work, relationships, and personal time? Maybe you’re struggling with setting boundaries, feeling guilty about not spending enough time with loved ones, or just feeling like you can’t get it all done. Perhaps you’re experiencing grief or anxiety that makes it hard to stay focused or enjoy life. You don’t have to navigate these challenges alone—I’m here to help you find balance and perspective. I work with adults, including busy professionals, who want to feel more relaxed and level-headed as they navigate the demands of life.
(747) 946-7433 View (747) 946-7433
Marisol Trujillo
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, MS
Sherman Oaks, CA 91403
As an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, I work with children, teens, and adults navigating life transitions, stress, grief and other mental health concerns. I believe therapy is a space to feel seen, heard, and supported—and that’s what I aim to create. As a bilingual (English/Spanish) therapist, I offer culturally responsive care grounded in empathy, curiosity, and play. Whether you're facing a recent challenge or long-standing struggles, I provide a space to explore, heal, and embrace change. My goal is to meet you where you are, help you feel safe and understood, and support your growth with care and intention.
As an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, I work with children, teens, and adults navigating life transitions, stress, grief and other mental health concerns. I believe therapy is a space to feel seen, heard, and supported—and that’s what I aim to create. As a bilingual (English/Spanish) therapist, I offer culturally responsive care grounded in empathy, curiosity, and play. Whether you're facing a recent challenge or long-standing struggles, I provide a space to explore, heal, and embrace change. My goal is to meet you where you are, help you feel safe and understood, and support your growth with care and intention.
(747) 836-0418 View (747) 836-0418
Wendy Douglas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSPH
4 Endorsed
Sherman Oaks, CA 91403
Are you wanting to overcome what is standing in the way of making meaningful changes? I am passionate about helping my clients create a peaceful, more fulfilling life. Therapy can help you develop greater insight into yourself, your relationships, and your own decision-making process. I have down-to-earth approach in a caring, non-judgmental and safe environment. I have been practicing for more than 18 years and have been extensively trained in Cognitive and Dialectical Behavior Therapies (CBT & DBT) as well as Prolonged Exposure (PE) for trauma.
Are you wanting to overcome what is standing in the way of making meaningful changes? I am passionate about helping my clients create a peaceful, more fulfilling life. Therapy can help you develop greater insight into yourself, your relationships, and your own decision-making process. I have down-to-earth approach in a caring, non-judgmental and safe environment. I have been practicing for more than 18 years and have been extensively trained in Cognitive and Dialectical Behavior Therapies (CBT & DBT) as well as Prolonged Exposure (PE) for trauma.
(424) 570-3092 View (424) 570-3092
Dale K Rose
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CSAT, CMAT, CTHP
Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
Hi, I'm Dale Rose, and I've been a licensed, practicing Marriage and Family Therapist in the Sherman Oaks-Studio City neighborhood for over 25 years. Do your behaviors and attitudes bother you, and would you like to change them? Would you like to feel more confident and competent, less anxious or depressed? With individualized therapeutic methods, you can address these issues and more. You will better understand how you got here and what you can do to change. You will learn to cope more effectively, heal your inner wounds, and communicate better with yourself and others.
Hi, I'm Dale Rose, and I've been a licensed, practicing Marriage and Family Therapist in the Sherman Oaks-Studio City neighborhood for over 25 years. Do your behaviors and attitudes bother you, and would you like to change them? Would you like to feel more confident and competent, less anxious or depressed? With individualized therapeutic methods, you can address these issues and more. You will better understand how you got here and what you can do to change. You will learn to cope more effectively, heal your inner wounds, and communicate better with yourself and others.
(213) 260-4902 View (213) 260-4902
Alexandra A Kofsky
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
My name is Alex, and I am happy that you have found your way to my psychology today profile. I believe that human beings possess and innate ability to move toward happiness and health, but sometimes adversity, life transitions, and challenging life experiences can get in the way of leading productive and meaningful lives. Having tools to help cope with difficult emotions brought on by change and uncertainty can have a powerful impact on your mental and physical health.
My name is Alex, and I am happy that you have found your way to my psychology today profile. I believe that human beings possess and innate ability to move toward happiness and health, but sometimes adversity, life transitions, and challenging life experiences can get in the way of leading productive and meaningful lives. Having tools to help cope with difficult emotions brought on by change and uncertainty can have a powerful impact on your mental and physical health.
(818) 293-4499 View (818) 293-4499
Manuel Leiva
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Online Only
I work with adults who may be struggling with anxiety, depression, stress, life transitions, self-esteem concerns, and relationship difficulties. Many clients come to therapy feeling overwhelmed, stuck in recurring patterns, or uncertain about how to move forward. Together, we create a supportive and nonjudgmental space to better understand these challenges, build healthier coping skills, gain insight into patterns, and work toward meaningful, lasting change.
I work with adults who may be struggling with anxiety, depression, stress, life transitions, self-esteem concerns, and relationship difficulties. Many clients come to therapy feeling overwhelmed, stuck in recurring patterns, or uncertain about how to move forward. Together, we create a supportive and nonjudgmental space to better understand these challenges, build healthier coping skills, gain insight into patterns, and work toward meaningful, lasting change.
(747) 281-3218 View (747) 281-3218
Kimberly Resnick Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, AASECT
Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
Everyone has a 'sexual story.' Our culture has a love-hate relationship with sex and sends many mixed messages. I help people explore the legacy of their sexual story and identify the biological, social and psychological barriers to sexual health and satisfaction. I am an Certified Sex Therapist and Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at UCLA School of Medicine with 30 years of clinical and teaching experience. I developed my own model of talking to clients about sex ("Comfort-Inducing Sexuality Dialogue") that is both comforting and profoundly liberating.
Everyone has a 'sexual story.' Our culture has a love-hate relationship with sex and sends many mixed messages. I help people explore the legacy of their sexual story and identify the biological, social and psychological barriers to sexual health and satisfaction. I am an Certified Sex Therapist and Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at UCLA School of Medicine with 30 years of clinical and teaching experience. I developed my own model of talking to clients about sex ("Comfort-Inducing Sexuality Dialogue") that is both comforting and profoundly liberating.
(818) 938-1278 View (818) 938-1278
Nazy Khorsandi
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
I offer a supportive, collaborative space to deepen self-awareness, build resilience, and create meaningful, lasting change. My integrative approach is tailored to your unique needs, drawing from evidence-based therapies to support your goals. With warmth, honesty, and compassion, I help you recognize patterns that no longer serve you and develop healthier ways of thinking, feeling, and relating. Together, we work toward emotional regulation, healing from past experiences, and navigating stress, trauma, and relationship challenges so you can feel more grounded, connected, and fulfilled.
I offer a supportive, collaborative space to deepen self-awareness, build resilience, and create meaningful, lasting change. My integrative approach is tailored to your unique needs, drawing from evidence-based therapies to support your goals. With warmth, honesty, and compassion, I help you recognize patterns that no longer serve you and develop healthier ways of thinking, feeling, and relating. Together, we work toward emotional regulation, healing from past experiences, and navigating stress, trauma, and relationship challenges so you can feel more grounded, connected, and fulfilled.
(323) 310-2393 View (323) 310-2393
Joshua Duke
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
12 Endorsed
Online Only
You may feel stuck in a routine that no longer inspires you—disconnected from your sense of purpose, your relationships, and even yourself. Life feels flat, like you’re just going through the motions, unsure how to spark real change. My ideal client is someone longing for clarity, meaning, and direction. Beneath the monotony, there’s a desire for a life that feels truly lived—with intention, connection, and joy. Therapy is a space to reconnect with that spark and begin creating a story you’re proud to call your own. Now is the time to begin.
You may feel stuck in a routine that no longer inspires you—disconnected from your sense of purpose, your relationships, and even yourself. Life feels flat, like you’re just going through the motions, unsure how to spark real change. My ideal client is someone longing for clarity, meaning, and direction. Beneath the monotony, there’s a desire for a life that feels truly lived—with intention, connection, and joy. Therapy is a space to reconnect with that spark and begin creating a story you’re proud to call your own. Now is the time to begin.
(805) 590-8562 View (805) 590-8562
Piece of Mind Practice
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Sherman Oaks, CA 91403
You may be successful, capable, and deeply self-aware—and still find yourself repeating relationship patterns, carrying wounds from your past, or feeling disconnected from the person you know yourself to be. Perhaps you understand why you feel the way you do, but insight alone hasn’t created the change you’ve been searching for. Therapy can be the place where understanding finally becomes transformation. work with individuals and couples who want to move beyond simply managing symptoms and begin addressing the deeper patterns shaping their relationships, emotions, and sense of self.
You may be successful, capable, and deeply self-aware—and still find yourself repeating relationship patterns, carrying wounds from your past, or feeling disconnected from the person you know yourself to be. Perhaps you understand why you feel the way you do, but insight alone hasn’t created the change you’ve been searching for. Therapy can be the place where understanding finally becomes transformation. work with individuals and couples who want to move beyond simply managing symptoms and begin addressing the deeper patterns shaping their relationships, emotions, and sense of self.
(747) 298-7903 View (747) 298-7903
Liz Selzer-Lang
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST, CST-S
7 Endorsed
Sherman Oaks, CA 91403
My approach to therapy is warm and relational. Successful therapy is less about a specific modality than the trust that develops between client and therapist. I offer a discerning ear, close attention to your goals, and 15+ years of experience assisting individuals and couples to cultivate healthy intimate and sexual relationships. Learn tools to reduce anxiety/worry; better cope with difficult feelings states; and navigate life transitions. I am trauma-informed and teach in the Somatic Psychotherapy program at CIIS in San Francisco.
My approach to therapy is warm and relational. Successful therapy is less about a specific modality than the trust that develops between client and therapist. I offer a discerning ear, close attention to your goals, and 15+ years of experience assisting individuals and couples to cultivate healthy intimate and sexual relationships. Learn tools to reduce anxiety/worry; better cope with difficult feelings states; and navigate life transitions. I am trauma-informed and teach in the Somatic Psychotherapy program at CIIS in San Francisco.
(424) 400-7837 View (424) 400-7837
Merrilee Burke
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
5 Endorsed
Online Only
Hello! I work with a wide range of mental wellness issues, including anxiety, depression, phobias, and eating disorders. But, the main focus of my practice is on alcohol moderation, trauma, and existential concerns. Alcohol moderation is for anyone who is concerned about how much they are drinking, or the repercussions of drinking, but does not feel that the label “alcoholic” fits them. I have spent years helping people change their relationship with alcohol so that they can drink mindfully and be in control. Trauma is any maladaptive response you are having in the present, that is being caused by experiences in the past.
Hello! I work with a wide range of mental wellness issues, including anxiety, depression, phobias, and eating disorders. But, the main focus of my practice is on alcohol moderation, trauma, and existential concerns. Alcohol moderation is for anyone who is concerned about how much they are drinking, or the repercussions of drinking, but does not feel that the label “alcoholic” fits them. I have spent years helping people change their relationship with alcohol so that they can drink mindfully and be in control. Trauma is any maladaptive response you are having in the present, that is being caused by experiences in the past.
(818) 276-9413 View (818) 276-9413
Dr. Arthur Julhakyan
Psychologist, PsyD
Online Only
I work with adults navigating anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, academic stress, or feeling stuck or uncertain about their direction in life. Together, we identify patterns, build resilience, and develop practical tools to help you feel more balanced, confident, and in control.
I work with adults navigating anxiety, depression, relationship difficulties, academic stress, or feeling stuck or uncertain about their direction in life. Together, we identify patterns, build resilience, and develop practical tools to help you feel more balanced, confident, and in control.
(747) 922-4246 View (747) 922-4246

See more therapy options for Sherman Oaks

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sherman Oaks, CA

700+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in Sherman Oaks, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
94% Social Anxiety
94% Health Anxiety
94% Driving Anxiety
87% Depression
84% Relationship Issues
81% Relationship Anxiety

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
66% Cigna and Evernorth
55% Optum

How Therapists in Sherman Oaks, CA see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sherman Oaks?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.