Therapists in San Antonio, TX

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Photo of Joshua James Molnar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Joshua James Molnar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78240  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with people from ages 16- 35. These are exciting and challenging times. Many people graduate from high school, go to college, start careers and start families. These are times when people begin to get to know themselves and become their true selves. These transitions can come with unique challenges. Sometimes one's values do not align with their families values, or their talents are not celebrated in their community. It can be very difficult to balance the demands of school, extra-curricular activities and a social life. Also, life doesn't stand still so difficult events like death, divorce and break-ups happen.
I enjoy working with people from ages 16- 35. These are exciting and challenging times. Many people graduate from high school, go to college, start careers and start families. These are times when people begin to get to know themselves and become their true selves. These transitions can come with unique challenges. Sometimes one's values do not align with their families values, or their talents are not celebrated in their community. It can be very difficult to balance the demands of school, extra-curricular activities and a social life. Also, life doesn't stand still so difficult events like death, divorce and break-ups happen.
(210) 405-3026 View (210) 405-3026
Sally M. Dunlap
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78209  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought social isolation, fear about our health and financial worry. Although you may be trying to cope with COVID-19, you may feel anxious, sad, angry or irritable, have difficulty sleeping, trouble concentrating, changes in appetite, or struggle to engage in daily routines. If these symptoms continue for 2 weeks, it is time to seek help. Hoping symptoms of depression and anxiety will just go away without treatment can result in worsening of symptoms. I am experienced in working with adults with growing up issues, adjustments, current and past trauma, loss, life transitions and chronic illness.
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought social isolation, fear about our health and financial worry. Although you may be trying to cope with COVID-19, you may feel anxious, sad, angry or irritable, have difficulty sleeping, trouble concentrating, changes in appetite, or struggle to engage in daily routines. If these symptoms continue for 2 weeks, it is time to seek help. Hoping symptoms of depression and anxiety will just go away without treatment can result in worsening of symptoms. I am experienced in working with adults with growing up issues, adjustments, current and past trauma, loss, life transitions and chronic illness.
(210) 255-2959 View (210) 255-2959
Photo of Erin Coggan, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Antonio, TX
Erin Coggan
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78232
Waitlist for new clients
Having difficulty getting through the day or feel overwhelmed? This may be caused by stress, anxiety, depression, PTSD, or grief. I work with children, teens, and adults to take back control of their lives and empower them to acknowledge their past and change their future in a safe, strengths-based environment. I also assess for autism, learning disabilities, and ADHD to aid clients in understanding themselves or child and providing recommendations to get the support they need.
Having difficulty getting through the day or feel overwhelmed? This may be caused by stress, anxiety, depression, PTSD, or grief. I work with children, teens, and adults to take back control of their lives and empower them to acknowledge their past and change their future in a safe, strengths-based environment. I also assess for autism, learning disabilities, and ADHD to aid clients in understanding themselves or child and providing recommendations to get the support they need.
(210) 851-9334 View (210) 851-9334
Photo of Arte Counseling And Wellness, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Arte Counseling And Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78249  (Online Only)
Hello there! ARTE Counseling and Wellness provides mental health services to children and adults in Texas. We provide integrative , client centered approaches and work with you and your family to build trust and safety in the therapeutic setting. We specialize in working with adult and children in transition ( ie loss of a loved one , change in job/school, chronic illness), parental stressors ( ie communication/ bonding), perinatal mood disorders ( ie anxiety and postpartum depression, birth trauma ( ie ICU, complications, emergency C-sections), sadness/anxiety in children and gifted and talented children experiencing anxiety.
Hello there! ARTE Counseling and Wellness provides mental health services to children and adults in Texas. We provide integrative , client centered approaches and work with you and your family to build trust and safety in the therapeutic setting. We specialize in working with adult and children in transition ( ie loss of a loved one , change in job/school, chronic illness), parental stressors ( ie communication/ bonding), perinatal mood disorders ( ie anxiety and postpartum depression, birth trauma ( ie ICU, complications, emergency C-sections), sadness/anxiety in children and gifted and talented children experiencing anxiety.
(210) 791-6810 View (210) 791-6810
Photo of Lisa M Roark, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Lisa M Roark
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78248  (Online Only)
My expertise lies in empowering women to overcome anxiety, depression, loneliness, and the unique challenges of infertility. As a Certified Integrative Mental Health professional, I help you develop behavior and lifestyle changes that will positively transform your life. I am committed to helping you regain control of your mental and emotional well-being in order to help you reach your goals and move toward success.
My expertise lies in empowering women to overcome anxiety, depression, loneliness, and the unique challenges of infertility. As a Certified Integrative Mental Health professional, I help you develop behavior and lifestyle changes that will positively transform your life. I am committed to helping you regain control of your mental and emotional well-being in order to help you reach your goals and move toward success.
(830) 402-4760 View (830) 402-4760
Photo of Rosie Cantu, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Rosie Cantu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78213
I believe that we are all here on borrowed time and that tomorrow is not promised. I would like to sit with you and have a conversation about your struggles, and needs. Let's talk about your happiness and what steps need to be taken to work towards the BEST version of yourself. In a session with me expect for us to explore your thinking patterns because how you think and what you do impacts your everyday life. Expect exploration of goals, a comfortable, and safe place for sharing.
I believe that we are all here on borrowed time and that tomorrow is not promised. I would like to sit with you and have a conversation about your struggles, and needs. Let's talk about your happiness and what steps need to be taken to work towards the BEST version of yourself. In a session with me expect for us to explore your thinking patterns because how you think and what you do impacts your everyday life. Expect exploration of goals, a comfortable, and safe place for sharing.
(210) 899-6298 View (210) 899-6298
Photo of World of Hope Counseling Center, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
World of Hope Counseling Center, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78217
We all need help. Whether it may be learning how to make healthy decisions, reducing anxiety, controlling impulses, learning to assertively communicate or to reduce depressive symptoms. Understanding ourselves, defining our wants and needs can be important in making life-changing choices. In therapy, the goal is to meet you where you are at in life and collaboratively move towards obtaining your goals. Many times we expect immediate results without having to make any internal changes; leaving us unfulfilled, sad and anxious. The changes begin within ourselves to see desired responses from others.
We all need help. Whether it may be learning how to make healthy decisions, reducing anxiety, controlling impulses, learning to assertively communicate or to reduce depressive symptoms. Understanding ourselves, defining our wants and needs can be important in making life-changing choices. In therapy, the goal is to meet you where you are at in life and collaboratively move towards obtaining your goals. Many times we expect immediate results without having to make any internal changes; leaving us unfulfilled, sad and anxious. The changes begin within ourselves to see desired responses from others.
(210) 538-6432 View (210) 538-6432
Photo of Duane Snape, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Duane Snape
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78209
The most important choice you will ever make is not one you made yesterday, but the one you make today. Tomorrow is in the future, today is now, choose today. The time is now. I empower people to achieve personal, professional, and spiritual growth in their lives. Committed to helping others change their lives by exploring personal strengths. I am a Licensed therapist with over 25 years of mental health experience. Much of this experience was gained during my service in the United States Army serving veterans and their families faced with a wide variety of mental health challenges.
The most important choice you will ever make is not one you made yesterday, but the one you make today. Tomorrow is in the future, today is now, choose today. The time is now. I empower people to achieve personal, professional, and spiritual growth in their lives. Committed to helping others change their lives by exploring personal strengths. I am a Licensed therapist with over 25 years of mental health experience. Much of this experience was gained during my service in the United States Army serving veterans and their families faced with a wide variety of mental health challenges.
(210) 361-6324 View (210) 361-6324
Photo of Kayla C Krambeck, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Kayla C Krambeck
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78258
Life is often difficult and overwhelming. I'm passionately committed to guiding you on your journey towards healing, self-discovery, and empowerment through any challenge. With a compassionate heart and a profound understanding of human psychology, I strive to create a safe and nurturing space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, experiences, and dreams. My approach to therapy is holistic, integrative, and client-centered. Drawing from various therapeutic modalities such as solution-focused therapy, narrative therapy, and play therapy, I tailor my approach to meet your unique needs.
Life is often difficult and overwhelming. I'm passionately committed to guiding you on your journey towards healing, self-discovery, and empowerment through any challenge. With a compassionate heart and a profound understanding of human psychology, I strive to create a safe and nurturing space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, experiences, and dreams. My approach to therapy is holistic, integrative, and client-centered. Drawing from various therapeutic modalities such as solution-focused therapy, narrative therapy, and play therapy, I tailor my approach to meet your unique needs.
(210) 361-9005 View (210) 361-9005
Photo of Deborah Lyon, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Deborah Lyon
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78258
You may have been thinking about counseling for a long time but have just now gathered your courage to reach out - I understand, it’s not easy. You may know some things need to change but are not sure how, where to begin, or even what you are experiencing. I create a working relationship of safety, trust, and warmth that feels accepting, and non-judgmental, yet also encourages you to explore new ideas, set collaborative goals, and can help you find renewed hope for your future. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I specialize in helping people with anxiety, sexual and domestic abuse, and relationship issues. I’m here for YOU!
You may have been thinking about counseling for a long time but have just now gathered your courage to reach out - I understand, it’s not easy. You may know some things need to change but are not sure how, where to begin, or even what you are experiencing. I create a working relationship of safety, trust, and warmth that feels accepting, and non-judgmental, yet also encourages you to explore new ideas, set collaborative goals, and can help you find renewed hope for your future. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I specialize in helping people with anxiety, sexual and domestic abuse, and relationship issues. I’m here for YOU!
(210) 942-9775 View (210) 942-9775
Photo of Healthy Minds Healing Hearts, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in San Antonio, TX
Healthy Minds Healing Hearts, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , MS, LPCA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78217  (Online Only)
Navigating through life's unexpected challenges can be daunting. That's why I ensure to incorporate a compassionate and client-centered approach. I recognize and understand the bravery it takes to seek support; therefore, my dedication lies in creating a nonjudgmental space. This environment aims to offer warmth and understanding to individuals embarking on their mental health journey, where I provide assistance in navigating these challenges.
Navigating through life's unexpected challenges can be daunting. That's why I ensure to incorporate a compassionate and client-centered approach. I recognize and understand the bravery it takes to seek support; therefore, my dedication lies in creating a nonjudgmental space. This environment aims to offer warmth and understanding to individuals embarking on their mental health journey, where I provide assistance in navigating these challenges.
(726) 600-7892 View (726) 600-7892
Photo of Rehab Therapy Resources, Inc., Psychologist in San Antonio, TX
Rehab Therapy Resources, Inc.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78240
We provide supportive psychotherapy for patients with a serious illness or injury, who now live with chronic pain and impairment. It is not unusual to experience problems with stress, depression, and anxiety after a medical crisis, and to become isolated from the flow of life. You will be given an individual therapist to support you and help you learn about the specific skills, attitudes, and behaviors that help you slowly but steadily "push back" and regain quality of life.
We provide supportive psychotherapy for patients with a serious illness or injury, who now live with chronic pain and impairment. It is not unusual to experience problems with stress, depression, and anxiety after a medical crisis, and to become isolated from the flow of life. You will be given an individual therapist to support you and help you learn about the specific skills, attitudes, and behaviors that help you slowly but steadily "push back" and regain quality of life.
(210) 672-1246 View (210) 672-1246
Photo of Victoria Annette Peña, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Victoria Annette Peña
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78249  (Online Only)
I help women with young children who are filled with self-doubt about their abilities as a mom to achieve knowledge and understanding of emotional development in children so that they can feel confidence in themselves as a mother and absolute trust in their ability to nurture a solid, loving bond with their children. Unlike self-help books and podcasts that provide generalized content for every kind of mama, I focus on helping you, as an individual, to identify your specific desires for your parent-child relationship and cultivate unshakeable trust in yourself as a strong and rooted mama.
I help women with young children who are filled with self-doubt about their abilities as a mom to achieve knowledge and understanding of emotional development in children so that they can feel confidence in themselves as a mother and absolute trust in their ability to nurture a solid, loving bond with their children. Unlike self-help books and podcasts that provide generalized content for every kind of mama, I focus on helping you, as an individual, to identify your specific desires for your parent-child relationship and cultivate unshakeable trust in yourself as a strong and rooted mama.
(210) 934-1159 View (210) 934-1159
Photo of Andrew Reding, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Andrew Reding
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78250  (Online Only)
Thank you for taking the first step in confronting your challenges and finding a therapist that is right for you. I provide a non-judgemental and collabrative space to understand yourself better and work towards establishing new patterns in life that move you towards your goals. I ask clients to work on acceptance of themselves and build an awareness of their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
Thank you for taking the first step in confronting your challenges and finding a therapist that is right for you. I provide a non-judgemental and collabrative space to understand yourself better and work towards establishing new patterns in life that move you towards your goals. I ask clients to work on acceptance of themselves and build an awareness of their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
(726) 227-1253 View (726) 227-1253
Photo of Carli Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Carli Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78216  (Online Only)
I have experience working with adolescents and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, abuse, PTSD, stress management, school issues, psychosis and relational issues. I work with clients who are looking to learn coping skills, improve communication with friends and/or family, process past or current abuse/trauma, or just have someone to talk things over with.
I have experience working with adolescents and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, abuse, PTSD, stress management, school issues, psychosis and relational issues. I work with clients who are looking to learn coping skills, improve communication with friends and/or family, process past or current abuse/trauma, or just have someone to talk things over with.
(210) 756-2961 View (210) 756-2961
Photo of Alicia Acosta, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Alicia Acosta
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, LCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78258
I specialize in helping clients with their Mental Health needs, Trauma, Substance Abuse, grief & loss, and relationship issues. I have found many concerns brought to therapy can be a result of unresolved pain or unhealthy copings strategies from the past. With my various therapeutic trainings I am able to assist clients in finding the best pathway for their needs.
I specialize in helping clients with their Mental Health needs, Trauma, Substance Abuse, grief & loss, and relationship issues. I have found many concerns brought to therapy can be a result of unresolved pain or unhealthy copings strategies from the past. With my various therapeutic trainings I am able to assist clients in finding the best pathway for their needs.
(210) 934-0589 View (210) 934-0589
Photo of Transformation:Chaos to Calm for Intimacy Betrayal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Transformation:Chaos to Calm for Intimacy Betrayal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78213
Transformation: Chaos to Calm for Intimacy Betrayal. This is my newest group for women who are in a state of shock and need to find the way forward. Anger, sadness, confusion, numbness....so many feelings across a short span of time. It's overwhelming and someone needs to throw you a life preserver quickly. I have designed a course that is specifically for women who need coaching to get through this. Day 1 of finding out about infidelity, porn addiction, or sex addiction is commonly called "D" day - short for discovery day. My coaching groups are directed toward those first 60 days- this is "Crisis" phase.
Transformation: Chaos to Calm for Intimacy Betrayal. This is my newest group for women who are in a state of shock and need to find the way forward. Anger, sadness, confusion, numbness....so many feelings across a short span of time. It's overwhelming and someone needs to throw you a life preserver quickly. I have designed a course that is specifically for women who need coaching to get through this. Day 1 of finding out about infidelity, porn addiction, or sex addiction is commonly called "D" day - short for discovery day. My coaching groups are directed toward those first 60 days- this is "Crisis" phase.
(210) 940-0431 View (210) 940-0431
Photo of Dr. Giovanda D Norman Phd Veteran, Psychologist in San Antonio, TX
Dr. Giovanda D Norman Phd Veteran
Psychologist, PhD, MS, BA
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78253
Health and wellness are unique to every client due to extraordinary biological, psychological, and social experiences that support overall health and wellness. As a U.S. Marine,(veteran) and clinician with over 13 years of clinical experience, my care is unique. I use evidence-based interventions and treatment approaches that speak to the life journey of the client, while using the most appropriate approach to facilitate consistent progress. We start wherever you are. Your commitment to engage will fuel growth and progress. I provide homework of strategic coping strategies every session. Let’s get started!
Health and wellness are unique to every client due to extraordinary biological, psychological, and social experiences that support overall health and wellness. As a U.S. Marine,(veteran) and clinician with over 13 years of clinical experience, my care is unique. I use evidence-based interventions and treatment approaches that speak to the life journey of the client, while using the most appropriate approach to facilitate consistent progress. We start wherever you are. Your commitment to engage will fuel growth and progress. I provide homework of strategic coping strategies every session. Let’s get started!
(760) 306-5283 View (760) 306-5283
Photo of Susan Clements Negley, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Susan Clements Negley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78209
We all have aspects of our personalities that have been repressed, ignored, or unrealized, and this can cause painful psychological distress. When these aspects are brought to the surface in a safe, caring therapeutic environment, they can be addressed and integrated, resulting in a more fully realized human. This is what I do.
We all have aspects of our personalities that have been repressed, ignored, or unrealized, and this can cause painful psychological distress. When these aspects are brought to the surface in a safe, caring therapeutic environment, they can be addressed and integrated, resulting in a more fully realized human. This is what I do.
(210) 941-4923 View (210) 941-4923
Photo of Melissa Ortiz, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Melissa Ortiz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78211
As a seasoned Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor, my passion lies in guiding individuals on transformative journeys of self-discovery and growth. Throughout my career I have cultivated a deep understanding of the human psyche, the power of resilience, and the profound impact of generational healing. My approach is rooted in empathy, active listening, and collaboration. I am dedicated to creating a safe and nurturing environment where clients can explore their challenges, and embark on the path to personal transformation. I firmly believe in holistic healing that acknowledges the mind, body & spirit.
As a seasoned Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor, my passion lies in guiding individuals on transformative journeys of self-discovery and growth. Throughout my career I have cultivated a deep understanding of the human psyche, the power of resilience, and the profound impact of generational healing. My approach is rooted in empathy, active listening, and collaboration. I am dedicated to creating a safe and nurturing environment where clients can explore their challenges, and embark on the path to personal transformation. I firmly believe in holistic healing that acknowledges the mind, body & spirit.
(210) 791-7212 View (210) 791-7212

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Antonio, TX

2,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in San Antonio, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
73% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
70% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
77% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Antonio, TX see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Antonio?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.