Photo of Mariya Javed-Payne, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55420, MN
Mariya Javed-Payne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LADC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Bloomington, MN 55420
Not accepting new clients
Hi! I'm so glad you found my page. I'm a licensed therapist that specializes in trauma, addiction, and ketamine assisted psychotherapy. Clients work with me to engage in deeper, somatic psychotherapy to free themselves from complex traumas, addictions, burdens, and problems that they've not been able to resolve on their own. Those struggling with PTSD, addictions, identity issues, depression, anxiety, or those who have done lots of therapy without achieving the results they want may benefit from the trauma healing intensives that I do. This setting allows us to get to the core of your issues without the limits of a one hour session.
Hi! I'm so glad you found my page. I'm a licensed therapist that specializes in trauma, addiction, and ketamine assisted psychotherapy. Clients work with me to engage in deeper, somatic psychotherapy to free themselves from complex traumas, addictions, burdens, and problems that they've not been able to resolve on their own. Those struggling with PTSD, addictions, identity issues, depression, anxiety, or those who have done lots of therapy without achieving the results they want may benefit from the trauma healing intensives that I do. This setting allows us to get to the core of your issues without the limits of a one hour session.
(952) 209-3257 View (952) 209-3257
Photo of Amy Krueger, Counselor in 55420, MN
Amy Krueger
Counselor, MA, LPCC, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
As a former wilderness guide, and current Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, I am dedicated to helping people take the difficult steps necessary to achieve meaningful change in their lives. I have experience working with a wide range of mental and chemical health challenges. My specialties include mood disorders, anxiety, self-esteem issues, navigating personal/professional changes, and recovery from addiction. I also have a great passion for supporting parents dealing with perinatal mood and anxiety disorders and am certified through Postpartum Support International as a Perinatal Mental Health specialist.
As a former wilderness guide, and current Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, I am dedicated to helping people take the difficult steps necessary to achieve meaningful change in their lives. I have experience working with a wide range of mental and chemical health challenges. My specialties include mood disorders, anxiety, self-esteem issues, navigating personal/professional changes, and recovery from addiction. I also have a great passion for supporting parents dealing with perinatal mood and anxiety disorders and am certified through Postpartum Support International as a Perinatal Mental Health specialist.
(763) 600-7132 View (763) 600-7132
Photo of Luke Spiegelhoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55420, MN
Luke Spiegelhoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55420  (Online Only)
Looking for a different therapy experience? I help to create change with my clients using a single-session therapy model. This powerful type of therapy leverages client strengths and resources uniquely to produce change quickly. You won't deal with waitlists, being "diagnosed," and numerous sessions before seeing results. Over thirty years of experience have taught me what helps people create change in their lives.
Looking for a different therapy experience? I help to create change with my clients using a single-session therapy model. This powerful type of therapy leverages client strengths and resources uniquely to produce change quickly. You won't deal with waitlists, being "diagnosed," and numerous sessions before seeing results. Over thirty years of experience have taught me what helps people create change in their lives.
(952) 209-7769 View (952) 209-7769
Photo of Brad W Houghton, Psychologist in 55420, MN
Brad W Houghton
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
Congratulations on getting this far on your journey. I am going to entertain the idea that you are interested in changing aspects of yourself or your life so that you can move towards a personal goal, life satisfaction or general happiness. You have a child or teen you are worried about. We will work as a team and not keep anyone in therapy any longer than is necessary for the goal(s) to be realized. Please be advised that I expect challenging questions and hard work AND want you to want the same.
Congratulations on getting this far on your journey. I am going to entertain the idea that you are interested in changing aspects of yourself or your life so that you can move towards a personal goal, life satisfaction or general happiness. You have a child or teen you are worried about. We will work as a team and not keep anyone in therapy any longer than is necessary for the goal(s) to be realized. Please be advised that I expect challenging questions and hard work AND want you to want the same.
(612) 429-4035 View (612) 429-4035
Photo of Dr. Jim Mosher, Psychologist in 55420, MN
Dr. Jim Mosher
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP, LP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bloomington, MN 55420
I use EMDR and integrative-psychodynamic therapy, with a focus on treating trauma. Currently, I am seeking members for two therapy groups (see below). These are "traditional groups," like you see in the movies. We don't teaching coping skills and they are not psychoeducational. This is a group experience where you can talk openly and honestly with your peers about your problems, hear their problems, and ask for and receive feedback. All groups are online; if we don't take your insurance, the out-of-pocket fee is $75. Call to see if one of these groups is right for you.
I use EMDR and integrative-psychodynamic therapy, with a focus on treating trauma. Currently, I am seeking members for two therapy groups (see below). These are "traditional groups," like you see in the movies. We don't teaching coping skills and they are not psychoeducational. This is a group experience where you can talk openly and honestly with your peers about your problems, hear their problems, and ask for and receive feedback. All groups are online; if we don't take your insurance, the out-of-pocket fee is $75. Call to see if one of these groups is right for you.
(952) 260-9695 View (952) 260-9695
Photo of Heather Grudzinski, Counselor in 55420, MN
Heather Grudzinski
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
Not accepting new clients
Over the years, I've seen many strong, courageous, big-hearted people come into my office feeling like they can't shake certain areas of pain and impact they've experienced. They've talked about it, prayed about it, sought counsel . . . and it's still there. But they're motivated to keep on trying to find healing because they know this can't be it; they still have traces of hope that this thing they've been living with doesn't have to define them for the rest of their lives.
Over the years, I've seen many strong, courageous, big-hearted people come into my office feeling like they can't shake certain areas of pain and impact they've experienced. They've talked about it, prayed about it, sought counsel . . . and it's still there. But they're motivated to keep on trying to find healing because they know this can't be it; they still have traces of hope that this thing they've been living with doesn't have to define them for the rest of their lives.
(952) 260-0074 View (952) 260-0074
Photo of Open Fields Therapy PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55420, MN
Open Fields Therapy PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
At Open Fields Therapy, we understand and support adults who experience anxiety, depressed mood, and relationship difficulties. We all develop patterns of thinking, feeling, and relating to others. Often these patterns have served us in the past. However, during times of stress, loss, or traumatic experience, these patterns may be unhelpful, and we can feel stuck. This is when therapy can make a big difference in feeling better and help us live more effectively. At Open Fields Therapy we seek to understand your unique situation and help to remove the obstacles that interfere with living out the values that are important to you.
At Open Fields Therapy, we understand and support adults who experience anxiety, depressed mood, and relationship difficulties. We all develop patterns of thinking, feeling, and relating to others. Often these patterns have served us in the past. However, during times of stress, loss, or traumatic experience, these patterns may be unhelpful, and we can feel stuck. This is when therapy can make a big difference in feeling better and help us live more effectively. At Open Fields Therapy we seek to understand your unique situation and help to remove the obstacles that interfere with living out the values that are important to you.
(952) 592-9862 View (952) 592-9862
Photo of Kay Cooper, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55420, MN
Kay Cooper
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Minneapolis, MN 55420  (Online Only)
I specialize in dealing with the impact of depression, anxiety, grief and trauma that alters client’s lives. I help individuals, couples and families identify and work through abandonment and early attachment injuries to prevent current and future toxic relationship patterns. I am passionate about practicing a culturally specific and holistic approach to therapy.
I specialize in dealing with the impact of depression, anxiety, grief and trauma that alters client’s lives. I help individuals, couples and families identify and work through abandonment and early attachment injuries to prevent current and future toxic relationship patterns. I am passionate about practicing a culturally specific and holistic approach to therapy.
(952) 592-7949 View (952) 592-7949
Photo of Patrick Tallon Schulte, Licensed Professional Counselor in 55420, MN
Patrick Tallon Schulte
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
People seeking counseling may be troubled by 'external' challenges such as having to deal with difficult people or contend with serious financial issues. Or, problems may lie within the self--you may be stuck in patterns of feeling or behavior that sabotage your pursuit of happiness. Mostly, those entering counseling face both kinds of challenges. If you were to work with me, we would clearly identify and prioritize problems, choose appropriate strategies, and take action to resolve problems. We'll usually work extensively on thoughts and feelings before easing into behavior change.
People seeking counseling may be troubled by 'external' challenges such as having to deal with difficult people or contend with serious financial issues. Or, problems may lie within the self--you may be stuck in patterns of feeling or behavior that sabotage your pursuit of happiness. Mostly, those entering counseling face both kinds of challenges. If you were to work with me, we would clearly identify and prioritize problems, choose appropriate strategies, and take action to resolve problems. We'll usually work extensively on thoughts and feelings before easing into behavior change.
(612) 564-6367 View (612) 564-6367
Photo of Julia Hess, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in 55420, MN
Julia Hess
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LADC, LPCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bloomington, MN 55420
The shame of not being in control of your life can feel so isolating and anxiety provoking. And the thought of talking about it with someone else can feel paralyzing at times. How did I get here? Why can't I fix this on my own? Why do I keep going back? What is wrong with me? Do I have a drinking problem? Why can't I sleep? Do I need to quit or can I just cut back? Why is my relationship so difficult? These nagging thoughts could go on and on.
The shame of not being in control of your life can feel so isolating and anxiety provoking. And the thought of talking about it with someone else can feel paralyzing at times. How did I get here? Why can't I fix this on my own? Why do I keep going back? What is wrong with me? Do I have a drinking problem? Why can't I sleep? Do I need to quit or can I just cut back? Why is my relationship so difficult? These nagging thoughts could go on and on.
(612) 887-9994 View (612) 887-9994
Photo of Jesse Ellis, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55420, MN
Jesse Ellis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I'm a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist but that doesn't mean I only work with married couples or families! It means I have extensive training on how relationships & environments affect our mental & emotional health. I work with individuals, couples, & families of all cultures, including adults, teenagers, & children. I find satisfaction in helping people navigate through difficult life transitions & I strive to create an environment that is accepting & nonjudgmental.
I'm a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist but that doesn't mean I only work with married couples or families! It means I have extensive training on how relationships & environments affect our mental & emotional health. I work with individuals, couples, & families of all cultures, including adults, teenagers, & children. I find satisfaction in helping people navigate through difficult life transitions & I strive to create an environment that is accepting & nonjudgmental.
(612) 887-2734 x3 View (612) 887-2734 x3
Photo of Minnesota Counseling and Therapy Center, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55420, MN
Minnesota Counseling and Therapy Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RPT
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
Erin is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Minnesota. She completed her undergraduate work at the University of North Dakota. While working as a Crisis Counselor, Erin earned a Masters Degree in Professional Counseling and Marriage and Family Therapy from the Minnesota School of Professional Psychology at Argosy University. Erin is also a Registered Play Therapist and a Certified PREPARE/ENRICH Counselor (Relationship Counseling). She is a member of the American Association for Play Therapy and American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. Erin works with children, adolescents, adults, couples, families, and groups dealing with various life changes.
Erin is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Minnesota. She completed her undergraduate work at the University of North Dakota. While working as a Crisis Counselor, Erin earned a Masters Degree in Professional Counseling and Marriage and Family Therapy from the Minnesota School of Professional Psychology at Argosy University. Erin is also a Registered Play Therapist and a Certified PREPARE/ENRICH Counselor (Relationship Counseling). She is a member of the American Association for Play Therapy and American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. Erin works with children, adolescents, adults, couples, families, and groups dealing with various life changes.
(651) 447-5898 View (651) 447-5898
Photo of Mikaela K. Ward, Pre-Licensed Professional in 55420, MN
Mikaela K. Ward
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
It is difficult walking through life with feelings of anxiety, depression, and negative self beliefs that pull you from being present in your every day life. I believe therapy is a courageous step towards self understanding and I would love to walk this journey with you. Many of my clients experience relational problems, the weight of social comparison, trauma, and/or struggling with major decisions - all which have an impact on their life.
It is difficult walking through life with feelings of anxiety, depression, and negative self beliefs that pull you from being present in your every day life. I believe therapy is a courageous step towards self understanding and I would love to walk this journey with you. Many of my clients experience relational problems, the weight of social comparison, trauma, and/or struggling with major decisions - all which have an impact on their life.
(763) 496-4996 View (763) 496-4996
Photo of Lauren Adsem, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in 55420, MN
Lauren Adsem
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, LADC, MHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bloomington, MN 55420
My clients are doers that have done all they can to try to gain control over substance overuse. Whether you are a spouse or parent that is desperate to get your loved one to stop using or you are struggling with substance overuse yourself- I am here for it all. Substance overuse effects the entire family system and it is best treated as a whole. I specialize in helping family systems heal from the impact of substance overuse and find a sense of grounding in their lives. I will provide a safe space to explore your story and we will work together to build a plan that will bring relief all around.
My clients are doers that have done all they can to try to gain control over substance overuse. Whether you are a spouse or parent that is desperate to get your loved one to stop using or you are struggling with substance overuse yourself- I am here for it all. Substance overuse effects the entire family system and it is best treated as a whole. I specialize in helping family systems heal from the impact of substance overuse and find a sense of grounding in their lives. I will provide a safe space to explore your story and we will work together to build a plan that will bring relief all around.
(952) 592-5890 View (952) 592-5890
Photo of Esperanza Para Familias LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55420, MN
Esperanza Para Familias LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
My motivation for becoming a clinical social work came about from my past experiences growing up. During my adolescent years I both witnessed and experienced families in crisis. This had a profound effect on me and after a process I have come to realize that my passion lies in helping people who are less advantaged. By listening, understanding, helping, and inspiring hope we can make differences in people's life.
My motivation for becoming a clinical social work came about from my past experiences growing up. During my adolescent years I both witnessed and experienced families in crisis. This had a profound effect on me and after a process I have come to realize that my passion lies in helping people who are less advantaged. By listening, understanding, helping, and inspiring hope we can make differences in people's life.
(952) 856-8691 View (952) 856-8691
Photo of Therapy Place Services LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55420, MN
Therapy Place Services LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
I work with people who are interested in holistic health and traditional methods. I see motivated folx who invest in getting better by working outside sessions. I see people from difficult families, with mood, career, family, couple, chronic medical/cancer, obsessive/compulsive, attention, spiritual issues, and people who want to be more successful in relationships and with themselves. I see adults and elders, people from various cultures, countries and religions. I offer Saturday and evening appointments. I research concerns and network with holistic health professionals for your needs.
I work with people who are interested in holistic health and traditional methods. I see motivated folx who invest in getting better by working outside sessions. I see people from difficult families, with mood, career, family, couple, chronic medical/cancer, obsessive/compulsive, attention, spiritual issues, and people who want to be more successful in relationships and with themselves. I see adults and elders, people from various cultures, countries and religions. I offer Saturday and evening appointments. I research concerns and network with holistic health professionals for your needs.
(952) 679-6924 View (952) 679-6924
Photo of Eric Murtha, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55420, MN
Eric Murtha
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
I’m Eric Murtha, an integrative psychotherapist, licensed to practice in Minnesota. During my years in practice, I have developed an understanding and appreciation of the uniqueness of each individual and family that I have helped. I believe that we all develop patterns regarding how we think, deal with emotions, and relate to the people in our lives. Often these patterns have served us in the past. However, during times of stress, loss, or traumatic experience, these patterns may be unhelpful, and we can feel stuck. This is when therapy can make a big difference in feeling better and help us live more effectively.
I’m Eric Murtha, an integrative psychotherapist, licensed to practice in Minnesota. During my years in practice, I have developed an understanding and appreciation of the uniqueness of each individual and family that I have helped. I believe that we all develop patterns regarding how we think, deal with emotions, and relate to the people in our lives. Often these patterns have served us in the past. However, during times of stress, loss, or traumatic experience, these patterns may be unhelpful, and we can feel stuck. This is when therapy can make a big difference in feeling better and help us live more effectively.
(612) 400-8464 View (612) 400-8464
Photo of Judy Marie LaVone, Counselor in 55420, MN
Judy Marie LaVone
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
I enjoy coming alongside individuals, couples, and families, and helping those who would like to work through their challenges with stress, anxiety, PTSD, depression, ADHD, academic difficulties, family problems, or other mental health concerns. I believe it is important to develop a strong therapeutic alliance with my clients, to be compassionate, to listen carefully to them, to encourage them and empower them, to help them experience healing and hope in their lives.
I enjoy coming alongside individuals, couples, and families, and helping those who would like to work through their challenges with stress, anxiety, PTSD, depression, ADHD, academic difficulties, family problems, or other mental health concerns. I believe it is important to develop a strong therapeutic alliance with my clients, to be compassionate, to listen carefully to them, to encourage them and empower them, to help them experience healing and hope in their lives.
(651) 376-3488 View (651) 376-3488
Photo of Carrie Miller, Marriage & Family Therapist in 55420, MN
Carrie Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Minneapolis, MN 55420
There is hope after trauma. MEND Therapy is unique in the twin cities in that we are an in-house, all-inclusive collaboration of trauma-informed body workers and psychotherapists. The research is clear: trauma lives in the body, not just the mind. We utilize the cutting edge, most effective and always research-based methods for treating trauma. Because trauma is not just in your head and talk therapy isn't enough.
There is hope after trauma. MEND Therapy is unique in the twin cities in that we are an in-house, all-inclusive collaboration of trauma-informed body workers and psychotherapists. The research is clear: trauma lives in the body, not just the mind. We utilize the cutting edge, most effective and always research-based methods for treating trauma. Because trauma is not just in your head and talk therapy isn't enough.
(651) 409-9125 View (651) 409-9125
Photo of Susan Cromwell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 55420, MN
Susan Cromwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Bloomington, MN 55420
With a compassionate, non-judgmental and interactive approach, I seek to assist people in making desired changes in relationships, behaviors and outlook on life. For over 20 years, I have helped individuals, couples and groups by providing a safe and open place to talk about their lives and share their stories. I specialize in the treatment of depression, anxiety and relationship issues and have particular expertise in trauma, PTSD and anger management. These can be painful, distressing issues but my calm, caring manner is paired with practical, effective methods. The result is relief, hopefulness and re-building of emotional health.
With a compassionate, non-judgmental and interactive approach, I seek to assist people in making desired changes in relationships, behaviors and outlook on life. For over 20 years, I have helped individuals, couples and groups by providing a safe and open place to talk about their lives and share their stories. I specialize in the treatment of depression, anxiety and relationship issues and have particular expertise in trauma, PTSD and anger management. These can be painful, distressing issues but my calm, caring manner is paired with practical, effective methods. The result is relief, hopefulness and re-building of emotional health.
(651) 728-8843 View (651) 728-8843

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 55420

90+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in 55420 who prioritize treating:

98% Anxiety
94% Depression
86% Relationship Issues
80% Trauma and PTSD
77% Self Esteem
73% Coping Skills
70% Stress

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

91% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% UCare
72% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 55420 see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
24% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 55420?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.