Photo of Jasmine Christine Dyjak - Jasmine Dyjak Counseling , LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jasmine Dyjak Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103
Being human comes with gifts. And challenges. Perhaps your feeling stressed out or sad. Maybe you have experienced significant life stressors, need support with solving specific problems or have relationships concerns. Or maybe your looking for a judgment free zone, a structured place to process life and increase self-esteem.
Being human comes with gifts. And challenges. Perhaps your feeling stressed out or sad. Maybe you have experienced significant life stressors, need support with solving specific problems or have relationships concerns. Or maybe your looking for a judgment free zone, a structured place to process life and increase self-esteem.
(619) 853-3291 View (619) 853-3291
Photo of Tay Richardson, MA, MS, APCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Tay Richardson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MS, APCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Black, trans/nonbinary, and queer therapist who aims to form collaborative relationships with my clients and provide liberating mental health services. My goal is to provide a supportive environment where folks can openly explore their identities and lived experiences. I aim to help you discover your strengths and push you in your areas of growth towards healing. I have experience working with a variety of ages, identities, and backgrounds. I am specifically passionate about working with neurodiverse populations, queer and trans communities, people of color, and non traditional relationship dynamics (non-monogamy/kink).
I am a Black, trans/nonbinary, and queer therapist who aims to form collaborative relationships with my clients and provide liberating mental health services. My goal is to provide a supportive environment where folks can openly explore their identities and lived experiences. I aim to help you discover your strengths and push you in your areas of growth towards healing. I have experience working with a variety of ages, identities, and backgrounds. I am specifically passionate about working with neurodiverse populations, queer and trans communities, people of color, and non traditional relationship dynamics (non-monogamy/kink).
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Photo of Lindsay Ward, LPCC, Counselor
Lindsay Ward
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Lindsay Ward is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who specializes in treating depression, anxiety, addiction and dealing with trauma. Lindsay works with clients who are looking to process childhood trauma, who are feeling anxious or depressed. Lindsay has been working with client's for 6 years, helping them overcome their trauma, sadness and loneliness. Lindsay has worked in various agencies in the county of San Diego, including 2 years treating client's in a drug and alcohol rehab center. Lindsay uses an integrated approach of psychodynamic and CBT to help client's feel their best.
Lindsay Ward is a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor who specializes in treating depression, anxiety, addiction and dealing with trauma. Lindsay works with clients who are looking to process childhood trauma, who are feeling anxious or depressed. Lindsay has been working with client's for 6 years, helping them overcome their trauma, sadness and loneliness. Lindsay has worked in various agencies in the county of San Diego, including 2 years treating client's in a drug and alcohol rehab center. Lindsay uses an integrated approach of psychodynamic and CBT to help client's feel their best.
(619) 768-0838 View (619) 768-0838
Photo of Zachary Alderson, CADC-II, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Zachary Alderson
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADC-II
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
If you do not like the way you feel sober, you are likely to keep drinking and using. If this is true for you, then just focusing on the use of alcohol and drugs will do little to keep you from ever using again. If you are experiencing issues with drinking or drugs and have struggled to find relief by just NOT drinking and using it is time to consider a different approach. I believe that focusing on treating symptoms, of which drugs and alcohol are for most, does truly little for eventual slips or full-blown relapse. I believe we can focus on the way we feel sober which in turn results in a decline in use.
If you do not like the way you feel sober, you are likely to keep drinking and using. If this is true for you, then just focusing on the use of alcohol and drugs will do little to keep you from ever using again. If you are experiencing issues with drinking or drugs and have struggled to find relief by just NOT drinking and using it is time to consider a different approach. I believe that focusing on treating symptoms, of which drugs and alcohol are for most, does truly little for eventual slips or full-blown relapse. I believe we can focus on the way we feel sober which in turn results in a decline in use.
(619) 393-2526 View (619) 393-2526
Photo of Barbara B Sadak - Barbara B Sadak, PhD, PhD, Psychologist
Barbara B Sadak, PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Not accepting new clients
I am a certified Jungian analyst and licensed clinical psychologist . I offer an individualized approach to my client's needs to attain the personal growth goals they are seeking. Common reasons people choose to work with me are: individual Jungian analysis, issues of personal growth, changes related to stage-of-life transitions, anxiety, depression, grief, loss, blocked creativity and enhanced self-understanding. We work together in an atmosphere of confidentiality and trust. Jungian analysis (depth analysis) is a form of face-to-face psychotherapy which addresses long-standing patterns, feelings, and negative perceptions.
I am a certified Jungian analyst and licensed clinical psychologist . I offer an individualized approach to my client's needs to attain the personal growth goals they are seeking. Common reasons people choose to work with me are: individual Jungian analysis, issues of personal growth, changes related to stage-of-life transitions, anxiety, depression, grief, loss, blocked creativity and enhanced self-understanding. We work together in an atmosphere of confidentiality and trust. Jungian analysis (depth analysis) is a form of face-to-face psychotherapy which addresses long-standing patterns, feelings, and negative perceptions.
(619) 940-1669 View (619) 940-1669
Photo of Kaitlyn Saulman, PsyD, Psychologist
Kaitlyn Saulman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I practice with the intention of providing culturally sensitive and trauma informed services to support clients' mental well-being. My clients' common concerns include trauma, sexual well-being, depression, anxiety, adjustment to college, academic performance, relationships, and identity exploration. Many are interested in understanding the history of their presenting concern(s), how past experiences impact them currently, and what changes they can make to alleviate their concerns. During sessions, clients and I process their experiences and utilize their feedback to adjust interventions to ensure treatment aligns with their goals.
I practice with the intention of providing culturally sensitive and trauma informed services to support clients' mental well-being. My clients' common concerns include trauma, sexual well-being, depression, anxiety, adjustment to college, academic performance, relationships, and identity exploration. Many are interested in understanding the history of their presenting concern(s), how past experiences impact them currently, and what changes they can make to alleviate their concerns. During sessions, clients and I process their experiences and utilize their feedback to adjust interventions to ensure treatment aligns with their goals.
(619) 949-2393 View (619) 949-2393
Photo of Frank T Willey, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Frank T Willey
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Seeking relief from depression or anxiety in the midst of this COVID-19 crisis? Need to repair or rebuild a love relationship? Longing to leave behind the lingering impact of a trauma, loss, or chronic distress? Want to find new motivation and direction in your life? I am here to help.
Seeking relief from depression or anxiety in the midst of this COVID-19 crisis? Need to repair or rebuild a love relationship? Longing to leave behind the lingering impact of a trauma, loss, or chronic distress? Want to find new motivation and direction in your life? I am here to help.
(619) 489-6925 View (619) 489-6925
Photo of Brian Kaufman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brian Kaufman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Hello. My name is Brian Kaufman. I am a licensed clinical social worker. I am licensed in California with 18 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, anger management, career difficulties, & bipolar disorder. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I have no defined approach. Every client is different and so my approach will be different. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage and I am proud of you for getting started!
Hello. My name is Brian Kaufman. I am a licensed clinical social worker. I am licensed in California with 18 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, anger management, career difficulties, & bipolar disorder. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I have no defined approach. Every client is different and so my approach will be different. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage and I am proud of you for getting started!
(323) 643-8569 View (323) 643-8569
Photo of Andrea Vaz Antunes, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrea Vaz Antunes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103
Not accepting new clients
We are learning how to connect the world around us in new and continuously changing ways. During even the small changes we can experience grief related stress or anxiety simply trying to create new routines for ourselves or our families. Grief is a natural response to any form of loss in our lives. Often people only relate grief to the death of a loved one but it is much more common than that. The process of grieving a loss can happen from a move, a change in job, a loss of a relationship or even the loss of a dream once had.
We are learning how to connect the world around us in new and continuously changing ways. During even the small changes we can experience grief related stress or anxiety simply trying to create new routines for ourselves or our families. Grief is a natural response to any form of loss in our lives. Often people only relate grief to the death of a loved one but it is much more common than that. The process of grieving a loss can happen from a move, a change in job, a loss of a relationship or even the loss of a dream once had.
(619) 541-8850 View (619) 541-8850
Photo of Tiffany Libby - Tiffany Libby, Narcissistic Abuse Recovery, LMFT, MA, CCTS-I, WIEBGE, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tiffany Libby, Narcissistic Abuse Recovery
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, CCTS-I, WIEBGE
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
I believe the therapeutic alliance is one of the most important aspects of therapy. I tailor my approach to meet your needs, as I feel it is important to find what works for you, not what “should” work. Utilizing unconditional positive regard and empathy, I hope to encourage a feeling of self-love and acceptance. I believe that growth happens in many different areas, and I aim to help you create change that affects all aspects of your life. By working together, we can help identify your natural strengths, and learn simple ways to enhance your life and relationships, for results that are sustainable and long-term.
I believe the therapeutic alliance is one of the most important aspects of therapy. I tailor my approach to meet your needs, as I feel it is important to find what works for you, not what “should” work. Utilizing unconditional positive regard and empathy, I hope to encourage a feeling of self-love and acceptance. I believe that growth happens in many different areas, and I aim to help you create change that affects all aspects of your life. By working together, we can help identify your natural strengths, and learn simple ways to enhance your life and relationships, for results that are sustainable and long-term.
(619) 374-5281 View (619) 374-5281
Photo of Ben Cobos, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ben Cobos
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
Life is beautiful, and helping clients see that vision again has become my passion. I believe in creating a collaborative therapeutic relationship where clients feel seen, heard, and validated.
Life is beautiful, and helping clients see that vision again has become my passion. I believe in creating a collaborative therapeutic relationship where clients feel seen, heard, and validated.
(619) 356-2976 View (619) 356-2976
Photo of Pilar Cárdenas-Gimber, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pilar Cárdenas-Gimber
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Welcome! I have maintained my counseling and coaching practice for 28 years, serving clients through in-person and virtual therapy. I specialize in seeing individuals, couples, adolescents, young adults and families. In an increasingly virtual space, I see the value in accommodating in-person care.
Welcome! I have maintained my counseling and coaching practice for 28 years, serving clients through in-person and virtual therapy. I specialize in seeing individuals, couples, adolescents, young adults and families. In an increasingly virtual space, I see the value in accommodating in-person care.
(619) 975-3667 View (619) 975-3667
Photo of Christopher Timothy Schell, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Christopher Timothy Schell
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Chris Schell is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, specializing in trauma, anxiety, and ADHD, with extensive experience in treating depression, anxiety, trauma, and neurocognitive disorders. With certifications in Clinical Trauma Treatment, Clinical Anxiety Treatment, and ADHD Clinical Service, I bring a wealth of expertise to my practice. My therapeutic style is characterized by warmth, authenticity, and a commitment to creating a safe space for exploration. Through individualized care and a focus on your goals, I aim to facilitate meaningful transformations and help you realize your full potential.
Chris Schell is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, specializing in trauma, anxiety, and ADHD, with extensive experience in treating depression, anxiety, trauma, and neurocognitive disorders. With certifications in Clinical Trauma Treatment, Clinical Anxiety Treatment, and ADHD Clinical Service, I bring a wealth of expertise to my practice. My therapeutic style is characterized by warmth, authenticity, and a commitment to creating a safe space for exploration. Through individualized care and a focus on your goals, I aim to facilitate meaningful transformations and help you realize your full potential.
(619) 648-3246 View (619) 648-3246
Photo of Dr. Tahirih Moffett, PsyD, MSSW, BSN, Psychologist
Dr. Tahirih Moffett
Psychologist, PsyD, MSSW, BSN
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
Let’s say it – life can be hard! It takes courage to ask for help and I’m here to help you develop greater self-understanding and cope with your concerns better. Family and relationship problems, microaggressions/discriminations, financial stress, work and academic demands can sometimes feel overwhelming. Unmanaged self-critical thoughts and rejection of our natural emotions make it worse and can lead to depression and excess anxiety. You may find that the coping strategies you’ve used in the past are no longer working for you. Well, I am here to help support your journey towards building the sort of life you want.
Let’s say it – life can be hard! It takes courage to ask for help and I’m here to help you develop greater self-understanding and cope with your concerns better. Family and relationship problems, microaggressions/discriminations, financial stress, work and academic demands can sometimes feel overwhelming. Unmanaged self-critical thoughts and rejection of our natural emotions make it worse and can lead to depression and excess anxiety. You may find that the coping strategies you’ve used in the past are no longer working for you. Well, I am here to help support your journey towards building the sort of life you want.
(619) 489-1534 View (619) 489-1534
Photo of Emily Treichler, PhD, Psychologist
Emily Treichler
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
I most often work with folks who are experiencing significant emotional distress, whether due to trauma, psychosis, chronic illness, or discrimination. It is my honor as a therapist to meet each client exactly where they are and use therapy as an opportunity for growth, validation, and empowerment. I enjoy collaborating with you to understand you values, preferences, and goals, and identify an approach that is most likely to be helpful for you- while leaving lots of room to tailor to your needs. Ultimately, therapy should help light a path forward towards a life you find meaningful, empowering, and joyful- something we all deserve.
I most often work with folks who are experiencing significant emotional distress, whether due to trauma, psychosis, chronic illness, or discrimination. It is my honor as a therapist to meet each client exactly where they are and use therapy as an opportunity for growth, validation, and empowerment. I enjoy collaborating with you to understand you values, preferences, and goals, and identify an approach that is most likely to be helpful for you- while leaving lots of room to tailor to your needs. Ultimately, therapy should help light a path forward towards a life you find meaningful, empowering, and joyful- something we all deserve.
(619) 514-3136 View (619) 514-3136
Photo of Emilie Sfregola, PsyD, Psychologist
Emilie Sfregola
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Many people seek therapy because they feel stuck, they need help recognizing and removing the road blocks so they can create the lives and relationships they want. I work collaboratively with my clients to do just that, to help them better understand themselves and their struggles so they are free to build the lives they want.
Many people seek therapy because they feel stuck, they need help recognizing and removing the road blocks so they can create the lives and relationships they want. I work collaboratively with my clients to do just that, to help them better understand themselves and their struggles so they are free to build the lives they want.
(619) 754-9685 View (619) 754-9685
Photo of Penelope 'nel' Mercer, LMFT, MS, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Penelope 'nel' Mercer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS, MA
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Are you feeling stuck? Would you like to understand yourself better? One-on-one therapy can help you move through challenging experiences and explore feelings, preferences, and behaviors, in a safe, confidential, supportive environment. If you are struggling in your relationship(s), relational therapy can help you adapt to transitions, foster clear and supportive communication, and meet underlying relational needs. Therapy can also build on individual, couple, and family strengths, and encourage healthy growth through challenges and transitions.
Are you feeling stuck? Would you like to understand yourself better? One-on-one therapy can help you move through challenging experiences and explore feelings, preferences, and behaviors, in a safe, confidential, supportive environment. If you are struggling in your relationship(s), relational therapy can help you adapt to transitions, foster clear and supportive communication, and meet underlying relational needs. Therapy can also build on individual, couple, and family strengths, and encourage healthy growth through challenges and transitions.
(619) 664-4201 View (619) 664-4201
Photo of Grace Catherine Mickle, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Grace Catherine Mickle
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
I center my work around connecting the mind, body and soul to find peace and energetic balance with various holistic and somatic practices. In using these approaches, clients learn their abilities to address any anxiety, depression, traumas, energy blocks, loss of self, difficult relationships and other maladaptive behaviors to become their most desired and divine selves.
I center my work around connecting the mind, body and soul to find peace and energetic balance with various holistic and somatic practices. In using these approaches, clients learn their abilities to address any anxiety, depression, traumas, energy blocks, loss of self, difficult relationships and other maladaptive behaviors to become their most desired and divine selves.
(619) 374-4417 View (619) 374-4417
Photo of Kelsy L Richardson, PhD, Psychologist
Kelsy L Richardson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92103
Being a human is both breathtakingly beautiful and unbelievably messy. Oftentimes, living into this bothness can stir up feelings of anxiety, fear, sadness, and confusion. I work to help people untangle and honor the messy, scary, sad, and confusing areas of their lives and shine light into the hope, joy, and resilience that is also present in those moments. We do this by creating new relationships and responses to the hard feelings that show up, so those that once seemed overwhelming now seem manageable.
Being a human is both breathtakingly beautiful and unbelievably messy. Oftentimes, living into this bothness can stir up feelings of anxiety, fear, sadness, and confusion. I work to help people untangle and honor the messy, scary, sad, and confusing areas of their lives and shine light into the hope, joy, and resilience that is also present in those moments. We do this by creating new relationships and responses to the hard feelings that show up, so those that once seemed overwhelming now seem manageable.
(760) 492-7642 x14 View (760) 492-7642 x14
Photo of Colleen Prentice, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Colleen Prentice
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103  (Online Only)
Colleen Prentice LCSW, 118341. My practice is client-centered, collaborative, trauma-informed, and solution-focused, starting where the client is at. My approach is holistic taking in the whole person with ongoing assessment and treatment planning focusing on the client's goals. Client populations that I’m experienced with range from anxiety and depression to schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder. I have also worked with clients who have ADHD and are on the autism spectrum as well as clients who have OCD. My age ranges from 7 to 82.
Colleen Prentice LCSW, 118341. My practice is client-centered, collaborative, trauma-informed, and solution-focused, starting where the client is at. My approach is holistic taking in the whole person with ongoing assessment and treatment planning focusing on the client's goals. Client populations that I’m experienced with range from anxiety and depression to schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder. I have also worked with clients who have ADHD and are on the autism spectrum as well as clients who have OCD. My age ranges from 7 to 82.
(619) 604-6203 View (619) 604-6203
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 92103

600+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in 92103 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress
68% Self Esteem
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aetna
63% Cigna and Evernorth
47% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 92103 see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

71% Female
26% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 92103?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.