Photo of Shally Vaid, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shally Vaid
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
I strive to create a safe, supportive, non-judgmental space for clients who feel burdened with hard feelings. You may be navigating a period of anxiety or depression, struggling with a difficult phase of life, or are unsure how to move beyond past experiences. We will create a collaborative partnership where we can work through these questions together, empowering you to find a path back to joy and calm in your life. I work with college students, adults, am Gottman-trained in couples work, and have particular expertise with clients experiencing infertility, adjusting to parenthood or navigating the joys and challenges of older kids.
I strive to create a safe, supportive, non-judgmental space for clients who feel burdened with hard feelings. You may be navigating a period of anxiety or depression, struggling with a difficult phase of life, or are unsure how to move beyond past experiences. We will create a collaborative partnership where we can work through these questions together, empowering you to find a path back to joy and calm in your life. I work with college students, adults, am Gottman-trained in couples work, and have particular expertise with clients experiencing infertility, adjusting to parenthood or navigating the joys and challenges of older kids.
(202) 760-2749 View (202) 760-2749
Photo of Giovanna Di Lauro, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Giovanna Di Lauro
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
**ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS NOW VIA TELEHEALTH ONLY*** Safety and trust are key components to the working alliance between my clients and me. By creating a space of nonjudgement, compassion, empathy and unconditional positive regard, we work together to develop a safe and trusting environment to explore life's struggles and victories.
**ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS NOW VIA TELEHEALTH ONLY*** Safety and trust are key components to the working alliance between my clients and me. By creating a space of nonjudgement, compassion, empathy and unconditional positive regard, we work together to develop a safe and trusting environment to explore life's struggles and victories.
(202) 849-9844 View (202) 849-9844
Photo of Tierra Howard, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tierra Howard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
Hello! My Name is Tierra. I am a therapist with Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services. We are a multicultural and multi-lingual practice offering therapeutic services to children, teenager, and adults. Our clinicians are trained to utilize a variety of therapeutic modalities to support and empower a diverse population.
Hello! My Name is Tierra. I am a therapist with Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services. We are a multicultural and multi-lingual practice offering therapeutic services to children, teenager, and adults. Our clinicians are trained to utilize a variety of therapeutic modalities to support and empower a diverse population.
(855) 910-6342 View (855) 910-6342
Photo of D'Angelo Taylor, LPC, LCMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
D'Angelo Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Overcoming mental and emotional challenges can be difficult, but even more when you feel like you are dealing with them alone. It's not always easy finding someone who's willing to listen and understands from a culturally responsive lens, especially when discussing personal challenges that have been discouraged outside of the home. Stress can come from many different avenues of life (career, family, relationships, society, and culture, etc) and can bring about depressions, anxiety, anger, isolation, and low-self esteem. It's not easy learning healthy ways to cope, managing your symptoms, and even recognizing that there's a problem.
Overcoming mental and emotional challenges can be difficult, but even more when you feel like you are dealing with them alone. It's not always easy finding someone who's willing to listen and understands from a culturally responsive lens, especially when discussing personal challenges that have been discouraged outside of the home. Stress can come from many different avenues of life (career, family, relationships, society, and culture, etc) and can bring about depressions, anxiety, anger, isolation, and low-self esteem. It's not easy learning healthy ways to cope, managing your symptoms, and even recognizing that there's a problem.
(202) 335-3349 View (202) 335-3349
Photo of James W Brunson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
James W Brunson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
First and foremost, my responsibility is to create an environment where you feel welcomed, safe and supported. In our sessions, you can expect that I will spend a lot of time engaging in stimulating conversation that helps me to learn who you are, how you show up in the world, and what path(s) to take in helping you achieve your goals and desirable outcomes. As your therapist, you can expect for me to be actively present with you, while encouraging and supporting you along the journey of creating the life you desire.
First and foremost, my responsibility is to create an environment where you feel welcomed, safe and supported. In our sessions, you can expect that I will spend a lot of time engaging in stimulating conversation that helps me to learn who you are, how you show up in the world, and what path(s) to take in helping you achieve your goals and desirable outcomes. As your therapist, you can expect for me to be actively present with you, while encouraging and supporting you along the journey of creating the life you desire.
(202) 919-7794 View (202) 919-7794
Photo of Emma Mattingly, LGPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Emma Mattingly
Pre-Licensed Professional, LGPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
My clinical focus includes supporting clients to explore, understand, identify and apply mental strategies to help manage immigrant and/or identity stress, transitions, overwhelm, pressure etc. My expertise also includes grief, depression, anxiety, trauma mood disorders, ADHD and more. I have developed exceptional skills for working with trauma, identity, school and career issues, grief and loss, as well as emotional and behavioral issues. I use CBT, person-centered, strength-based, culturally sensitive and solution-focused therapeutic frameworks.
My clinical focus includes supporting clients to explore, understand, identify and apply mental strategies to help manage immigrant and/or identity stress, transitions, overwhelm, pressure etc. My expertise also includes grief, depression, anxiety, trauma mood disorders, ADHD and more. I have developed exceptional skills for working with trauma, identity, school and career issues, grief and loss, as well as emotional and behavioral issues. I use CBT, person-centered, strength-based, culturally sensitive and solution-focused therapeutic frameworks.
(202) 946-2250 View (202) 946-2250
Photo of Paul E Ruffer, LCSW-C, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paul E Ruffer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
I work with individuals, couples, and families, focusing on relationship building, conflict and anger management, and coping with grief and loss. I help couples create a safe and nurturing bond that allows them to become close again and heal. No matter the issue that brings a couple, individual, or family into my office, they will all be learning a new way to look at relationship and be introduced to a toolkit of skills essential to staying in conversation and connection.
I work with individuals, couples, and families, focusing on relationship building, conflict and anger management, and coping with grief and loss. I help couples create a safe and nurturing bond that allows them to become close again and heal. No matter the issue that brings a couple, individual, or family into my office, they will all be learning a new way to look at relationship and be introduced to a toolkit of skills essential to staying in conversation and connection.
(202) 759-2307 View (202) 759-2307
Photo of Latrice Nesbit - Di Lauro & Associates Counseling, PLLC, MS, LGPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Di Lauro & Associates Counseling, PLLC
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LGPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Latrice brings a wealth of expertise in addressing a diverse range of challenges, including mood and anxiety disorders, trauma, life transitions, self-esteem issues, occupational challenges and stress, substance use disorder, and physical disabilities. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in empathy, warmth, and trust, creating a collaborative space for clients to explore and embrace their feelings and experiences. Latrice plays a crucial role in helping clients understand themselves, their past, relationships, and self-awareness, fostering authenticity and life transformation.
Latrice brings a wealth of expertise in addressing a diverse range of challenges, including mood and anxiety disorders, trauma, life transitions, self-esteem issues, occupational challenges and stress, substance use disorder, and physical disabilities. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in empathy, warmth, and trust, creating a collaborative space for clients to explore and embrace their feelings and experiences. Latrice plays a crucial role in helping clients understand themselves, their past, relationships, and self-awareness, fostering authenticity and life transformation.
(855) 629-2418 View (855) 629-2418
Photo of Tim Pineau, PhD, Psychologist
Tim Pineau
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
As a licensed psychologist, I provide individual therapy to adolescent and adult clients looking to better understand themselves and their relationships. People often seek therapy to address symptoms or problems that they want to change, but ironically, this felt need for things to be different can often create more stress. I believe people are more than their problems, and so my aim is to create a safe, nonjudgmental space to explore the connections between your past experience, relational patterns, and current behaviors to help you a achieve a meaningful sense of self-awareness, thereby giving you more freedom and choice.
As a licensed psychologist, I provide individual therapy to adolescent and adult clients looking to better understand themselves and their relationships. People often seek therapy to address symptoms or problems that they want to change, but ironically, this felt need for things to be different can often create more stress. I believe people are more than their problems, and so my aim is to create a safe, nonjudgmental space to explore the connections between your past experience, relational patterns, and current behaviors to help you a achieve a meaningful sense of self-awareness, thereby giving you more freedom and choice.
(202) 858-0656 View (202) 858-0656
Photo of Jeffrey Hammond, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeffrey Hammond
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
Weekend appointments available! I am a dedicated and compassionate Licensed Social Worker at PC Milestones LLC, specializing in the unique therapeutic needs of preadolescents and adolescents, particularly males undergoing rehabilitation. With over a decade of experience, I have developed a profound understanding of the challenges and complexities that young men face during their formative years. My approach is deeply rooted in empathy, respect, and a firm belief in the resilience of clients.
Weekend appointments available! I am a dedicated and compassionate Licensed Social Worker at PC Milestones LLC, specializing in the unique therapeutic needs of preadolescents and adolescents, particularly males undergoing rehabilitation. With over a decade of experience, I have developed a profound understanding of the challenges and complexities that young men face during their formative years. My approach is deeply rooted in empathy, respect, and a firm belief in the resilience of clients.
(844) 924-2738 View (844) 924-2738
Photo of Aleesha O’Brien, MEd, LGPC, NCC, Counselor
Aleesha O’Brien
Counselor, MEd, LGPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Email communication is preferred! Aleesha’s goal is to create a safe and comfortable environment for all of her clients to be their genuine selves. She also hopes to help clients gain tools needed to process and express different emotions wholeheartedly. She believes that with a strong therapeutic relationship, anything is possible!
Email communication is preferred! Aleesha’s goal is to create a safe and comfortable environment for all of her clients to be their genuine selves. She also hopes to help clients gain tools needed to process and express different emotions wholeheartedly. She believes that with a strong therapeutic relationship, anything is possible!
(202) 935-9687 View (202) 935-9687
Photo of Erika DuBois, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Erika DuBois
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
I'm here to help! I offer virtual therapy sessions to clients in DC and Maryland. I love to help clients navigate their healing journey and believe that the therapeutic relationship is a mirror to reflect back the human spirit. I am a licensed therapist with extensive experience helping clients with anxiety, depression, and life transitions. I provide gender identity support and LGBT+ counseling. I am also a certified Intuitive Eating counselor helping clients navigate everyday issues as well as helping heal their relationship with food.
I'm here to help! I offer virtual therapy sessions to clients in DC and Maryland. I love to help clients navigate their healing journey and believe that the therapeutic relationship is a mirror to reflect back the human spirit. I am a licensed therapist with extensive experience helping clients with anxiety, depression, and life transitions. I provide gender identity support and LGBT+ counseling. I am also a certified Intuitive Eating counselor helping clients navigate everyday issues as well as helping heal their relationship with food.
(202) 798-7075 View (202) 798-7075
Photo of April Preston, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
April Preston
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
Are you, a family member, or a friend experiencing emotional difficulty? Are you anxious, depressed, feeling unfulfilled or lonely? If you answered yes to any of these questions I am here to support you! I utilize an array of therapeutic approaches to assist my clients in creating wellness. I specialize in systems and family dynamics. I have a strong love for community and cultural matters and I prioritize cultural awareness. I strive to support my clients in embracing their strengths, acknowledging their areas of growth, and creating a life desired.
Are you, a family member, or a friend experiencing emotional difficulty? Are you anxious, depressed, feeling unfulfilled or lonely? If you answered yes to any of these questions I am here to support you! I utilize an array of therapeutic approaches to assist my clients in creating wellness. I specialize in systems and family dynamics. I have a strong love for community and cultural matters and I prioritize cultural awareness. I strive to support my clients in embracing their strengths, acknowledging their areas of growth, and creating a life desired.
(202) 831-2824 View (202) 831-2824
Photo of Susannah Herrada, MSW, LGSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Susannah Herrada
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
Waitlist for new clients
Whether you're looking to get unstuck, make meaning of the past, or find a way forward, it's easier with someone walking alongside you. We can keep it super practical and forward-focused with creative problem-solving, go deep to examine the past, or do a little of both. However you'd like to approach this space, we can find strategies to leverage your strengths and find more balance.
Whether you're looking to get unstuck, make meaning of the past, or find a way forward, it's easier with someone walking alongside you. We can keep it super practical and forward-focused with creative problem-solving, go deep to examine the past, or do a little of both. However you'd like to approach this space, we can find strategies to leverage your strengths and find more balance.
(202) 804-0223 View (202) 804-0223
Photo of Heather Diamond, PsyD, JD, Psychologist
Heather Diamond
Psychologist, PsyD, JD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
Finding the right therapist is an important part of having a positive experience in therapy. I am committed to working collaboratively with my clients to help them achieve their goals, manage difficult life situations and better understand themselves. My goal is to help you on your journey to a more fulfilling and balanced life. I am warm, accepting and non-judgmental. Whether you are looking for strategies to manage a challenging life situation, wish to improve your relationships or seek to increase your overall emotional well-being, I offer a safe environment in which you can explore these areas of your life.
Finding the right therapist is an important part of having a positive experience in therapy. I am committed to working collaboratively with my clients to help them achieve their goals, manage difficult life situations and better understand themselves. My goal is to help you on your journey to a more fulfilling and balanced life. I am warm, accepting and non-judgmental. Whether you are looking for strategies to manage a challenging life situation, wish to improve your relationships or seek to increase your overall emotional well-being, I offer a safe environment in which you can explore these areas of your life.
(202) 817-2446 View (202) 817-2446
Photo of Edward McCurty, LICSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Edward McCurty
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
We are born into mystery and we are on a spiritual quest to know ourselves more fully, to discover our life's purpose and to find our personal power. My therapeutic approach involves accompanying my clients on a journey of self-discovery and self-mastery. For, as Carlos Castaneda wrote, "We either make ourselves miserable or we make ourselves strong...the amount of work is the same." Ultimately, my goal is to be a mirror that reflects back to you your own innate goodness, strength and wisdom. We repeat what we don't repair. So, my job is to be a witness to your process of awakening the healer that's already present within you.
We are born into mystery and we are on a spiritual quest to know ourselves more fully, to discover our life's purpose and to find our personal power. My therapeutic approach involves accompanying my clients on a journey of self-discovery and self-mastery. For, as Carlos Castaneda wrote, "We either make ourselves miserable or we make ourselves strong...the amount of work is the same." Ultimately, my goal is to be a mirror that reflects back to you your own innate goodness, strength and wisdom. We repeat what we don't repair. So, my job is to be a witness to your process of awakening the healer that's already present within you.
(202) 759-8132 View (202) 759-8132
Photo of Tenesha Wallace, LGSW, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tenesha Wallace
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
While at PC Milestones LLC, I am a compassionate and dedicated licensed social worker with a passion for supporting women through critical life transitions and the challenges of navigating unhealthy romantic relationships. With over five years of experience in the field of mental health, I have honed expertise in providing empathetic, client-centered therapy that empowers women to reclaim their sense of self-worth and navigate their paths towards healthier, fulfilling lives.
While at PC Milestones LLC, I am a compassionate and dedicated licensed social worker with a passion for supporting women through critical life transitions and the challenges of navigating unhealthy romantic relationships. With over five years of experience in the field of mental health, I have honed expertise in providing empathetic, client-centered therapy that empowers women to reclaim their sense of self-worth and navigate their paths towards healthier, fulfilling lives.
(855) 523-1390 View (855) 523-1390
Photo of Ngozi Eyong, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ngozi Eyong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
Is this your first go at therapy or you have had therapy before? Have your experiences impacted you, emotionally, psychologically and physically? I am here to help you identify and remove the barriers of trauma, depression, anxiety, addiction, family and relationship issues, life and career transitions and other life difficulties. It is my believe that the first step towards getting healing and dealing with life’s trials is seeking help, and we all have the innate power to heal and grow from difficult life experiences.
Is this your first go at therapy or you have had therapy before? Have your experiences impacted you, emotionally, psychologically and physically? I am here to help you identify and remove the barriers of trauma, depression, anxiety, addiction, family and relationship issues, life and career transitions and other life difficulties. It is my believe that the first step towards getting healing and dealing with life’s trials is seeking help, and we all have the innate power to heal and grow from difficult life experiences.
(202) 891-4041 View (202) 891-4041
Photo of Jessica Cetoute, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Cetoute
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Congratulations on taking this next step towards achieving your wellbeing goals! Life is filled with various turning points and anxiety provoking situations, especially during a global pandemic and televised racial inequality. Are you tired of living the day to day grind without much motivation? Do you feel stressed or overwhelmed from all the pressure to perform from family, friends, your child, partner, society, and/or work? Perhaps you’re feeling stuck, need advice about a problem, or a motivational push to reconnect with your whole self, and finally accomplish that goal you have been holding off?
Congratulations on taking this next step towards achieving your wellbeing goals! Life is filled with various turning points and anxiety provoking situations, especially during a global pandemic and televised racial inequality. Are you tired of living the day to day grind without much motivation? Do you feel stressed or overwhelmed from all the pressure to perform from family, friends, your child, partner, society, and/or work? Perhaps you’re feeling stuck, need advice about a problem, or a motivational push to reconnect with your whole self, and finally accomplish that goal you have been holding off?
(202) 894-9447 View (202) 894-9447
Photo of Armande Gil, PhD, Psychologist
Armande Gil
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
My approach is solution focused, culturally sensitive, and compassionate. Together, we will work on centering on the present moment, explore lessons from the past, and regain a sense of control and confidence at your own pace. I focus on thinking patterns, emotional balance, behavioral change, and skill development. I use coaching, and problem solving techniques. I also work with a health & prevention oriented approach. I am knowledgeable about brain behavior relationships and focus on wellbeing as a whole. Licensed in the State of Florida
My approach is solution focused, culturally sensitive, and compassionate. Together, we will work on centering on the present moment, explore lessons from the past, and regain a sense of control and confidence at your own pace. I focus on thinking patterns, emotional balance, behavioral change, and skill development. I use coaching, and problem solving techniques. I also work with a health & prevention oriented approach. I am knowledgeable about brain behavior relationships and focus on wellbeing as a whole. Licensed in the State of Florida
(202) 816-6171 View (202) 816-6171
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 20006

300+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in 20006 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
71% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
69% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% CareFirst
68% Cigna and Evernorth
61% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in 20006 see their clients

56% Online Only
44% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 20006?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.