Therapists in Washington, DC

View neighborhoods in Washington
Photo of Dwayne Phillips-McNamee, Pre-Licensed Professional, LGSW, LMSW
Dwayne Phillips-McNamee
Pre-Licensed Professional, LGSW, LMSW
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20037
Dwayne Phillips-McNamee is a Licensed Social Worker who works to provide a culturally sensitive, inclusive, equitable internal and external space for all clients regardless of age, sexual orientation, gender identity, religious background, or any other factor. Dwayne works with adult individuals surrounding a variety of issues, including issues related to race and ethnicity, religion, sexuality, gender identity, and relationships. He is particularly interested in working with black adults, those in and around the LGBTQ+ community, and those navigating issues related to building and maintaining relationships.
Dwayne Phillips-McNamee is a Licensed Social Worker who works to provide a culturally sensitive, inclusive, equitable internal and external space for all clients regardless of age, sexual orientation, gender identity, religious background, or any other factor. Dwayne works with adult individuals surrounding a variety of issues, including issues related to race and ethnicity, religion, sexuality, gender identity, and relationships. He is particularly interested in working with black adults, those in and around the LGBTQ+ community, and those navigating issues related to building and maintaining relationships.
(833) 658-9654 View (833) 658-9654
Photo of Dr. Amber Samuels, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC
Dr. Amber Samuels
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC
5 Endorsed
Online Only
I believe that no matter where you’re starting from — transformation is possible. This means that, as your therapist, I recognize that you have unique strengths and needs, so I tailor my approach to your specific circumstances. Research indicates that therapy is most successful when it happens within the context of a strong therapeutic relationship. It’s important to me that I work to build an atmosphere that’s rooted in safety, openness, and mutual respect, in which you feel heard and understood. Within the safety of a therapeutic relationship, I will work with you to develop new ways to cope with life's challenges.
I believe that no matter where you’re starting from — transformation is possible. This means that, as your therapist, I recognize that you have unique strengths and needs, so I tailor my approach to your specific circumstances. Research indicates that therapy is most successful when it happens within the context of a strong therapeutic relationship. It’s important to me that I work to build an atmosphere that’s rooted in safety, openness, and mutual respect, in which you feel heard and understood. Within the safety of a therapeutic relationship, I will work with you to develop new ways to cope with life's challenges.
(202) 980-1178 View (202) 980-1178
Photo of Matthew Hayes, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LGPC
Matthew Hayes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LGPC
Washington, DC 20016
There are many different therapy styles, but what matters most is that your child or teen feels understood, supported, and safe. I work to build a genuine, trusting relationship where kids and adolescents can explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences at their own pace. My goal is to create a space where growth feels possible and insight can develop naturally. I have experience supporting children and teens with anxiety, depression, ADHD, and life transitions, using cognitive-behavioral and humanistic approaches.
There are many different therapy styles, but what matters most is that your child or teen feels understood, supported, and safe. I work to build a genuine, trusting relationship where kids and adolescents can explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences at their own pace. My goal is to create a space where growth feels possible and insight can develop naturally. I have experience supporting children and teens with anxiety, depression, ADHD, and life transitions, using cognitive-behavioral and humanistic approaches.
(202) 831-7483 View (202) 831-7483
Farnaz Yazhari
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Currently not accepting clients.
Currently not accepting clients.
Photo of Jasmine Lamboy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-C, CST
Jasmine Lamboy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-C, CST
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My name is Dr. Jasmine Lamboy. I am a lesbian, polyamorous, kink therapist. I take a person-centered approach which includes taking time to build a rapport with my clients to better assist them in identifying and reaching their goals. I take a non-judgmental approach towards my clients. I specialize in trauma work, relationship and sex therapy. I have a great deal of experience working with the BIPOC, LGBTQIA+ community, and the Polyamorous/Consensual Non-monogamous community. I have a master’s degree from Howard University in Social Work and a Ph.D. in Clinical Sexology from MSTI.
My name is Dr. Jasmine Lamboy. I am a lesbian, polyamorous, kink therapist. I take a person-centered approach which includes taking time to build a rapport with my clients to better assist them in identifying and reaching their goals. I take a non-judgmental approach towards my clients. I specialize in trauma work, relationship and sex therapy. I have a great deal of experience working with the BIPOC, LGBTQIA+ community, and the Polyamorous/Consensual Non-monogamous community. I have a master’s degree from Howard University in Social Work and a Ph.D. in Clinical Sexology from MSTI.
(301) 781-7069 View (301) 781-7069
Photo of Jerrica L Stanley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Jerrica L Stanley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Online Only
Life can be challenging, and sometimes we all need support to navigate its ups and downs. This can appear as persistent feelings of worry, sadness, racing thoughts, difficulty finding joy in life. Or even relationship shifts, career changes, or personal growth challenges. Whether you're experiencing a major life change or simply feeling overwhelmed, I am here to help you develop the tools and strategies to move forward with confidence. I specialize in helping individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, life transitions, and everyday stress. My approach is client-centered, integrative, and tailored to your unique needs.
Life can be challenging, and sometimes we all need support to navigate its ups and downs. This can appear as persistent feelings of worry, sadness, racing thoughts, difficulty finding joy in life. Or even relationship shifts, career changes, or personal growth challenges. Whether you're experiencing a major life change or simply feeling overwhelmed, I am here to help you develop the tools and strategies to move forward with confidence. I specialize in helping individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, life transitions, and everyday stress. My approach is client-centered, integrative, and tailored to your unique needs.
(202) 931-6682 View (202) 931-6682
Photo of Dr. Sabrina Taylor, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, CRC, CWIP
Dr. Sabrina Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, CRC, CWIP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Stop scrolling. You’re in the right place. And yes—I’m currently accepting new clients. My profile is up to date, and I accept some insurances. Life right now is a lot. Between college or career pressure, relationships, family dynamics (including parenting your parents), identity shifts, money stress, burnout, and the state of the world—it’s easy to feel overwhelmed or stuck. As a professor, licensed therapist, and woman living in America, I understand these pressures personally and professionally.
Stop scrolling. You’re in the right place. And yes—I’m currently accepting new clients. My profile is up to date, and I accept some insurances. Life right now is a lot. Between college or career pressure, relationships, family dynamics (including parenting your parents), identity shifts, money stress, burnout, and the state of the world—it’s easy to feel overwhelmed or stuck. As a professor, licensed therapist, and woman living in America, I understand these pressures personally and professionally.
(202) 937-0889 View (202) 937-0889
Photo of Carey Milne, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Carey Milne
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
2 Endorsed
Online Only
I am currently accepting new clients and hold an LMFT license in Washington DC, Virginia, Nevada, and Utah. I have 15 years of experience working with individuals, couples, and families navigating difficult challenges and significant life transitions. Life can be overwhelming at times — you don’t have to go through it alone. In our work together, I’ll tailor our sessions to your unique needs and goals. It is truly an honor to hear the stories my clients entrust me with, and I deeply love the work I do.
I am currently accepting new clients and hold an LMFT license in Washington DC, Virginia, Nevada, and Utah. I have 15 years of experience working with individuals, couples, and families navigating difficult challenges and significant life transitions. Life can be overwhelming at times — you don’t have to go through it alone. In our work together, I’ll tailor our sessions to your unique needs and goals. It is truly an honor to hear the stories my clients entrust me with, and I deeply love the work I do.
(703) 457-9797 View (703) 457-9797
Photo of Antoine L. Crosby, Psychologist, PhD, PSYPACT
Antoine L. Crosby
Psychologist, PhD, PSYPACT
Washington, DC 20005
Waitlist for new clients
Affirmative Spaces specializes in providing psychotherapy to LGBTQIA+ people of color and other marginalized groups. In treatment, I utilize a culturally informed approach and strive to create a space where you are free to be your unapologetic, authentic self and ensure your experiences are honored, affirmed, and handled with care. Additionally, I utilize a theoretical approach that explores the influence of early relationships on current functioning. In each therapy relationship, I collaborate with clients to gain insight into their unique experiences and how these experiences contribute to the current distress experienced.
Affirmative Spaces specializes in providing psychotherapy to LGBTQIA+ people of color and other marginalized groups. In treatment, I utilize a culturally informed approach and strive to create a space where you are free to be your unapologetic, authentic self and ensure your experiences are honored, affirmed, and handled with care. Additionally, I utilize a theoretical approach that explores the influence of early relationships on current functioning. In each therapy relationship, I collaborate with clients to gain insight into their unique experiences and how these experiences contribute to the current distress experienced.
(202) 866-2161 View (202) 866-2161
Photo of Cheryl Grant, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, LCSW-C
Cheryl Grant
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, LCSW-C
Online Only
YOU-but better. Rested. Healed. Embracing the Clarity that avails Your Best Life. Honoring Yourself...these are the benefits of working with a Psychotherapist. Allow me to be your Partner and your Guide as you reach for Your Best Life. It is possible! Let's Start Now!
YOU-but better. Rested. Healed. Embracing the Clarity that avails Your Best Life. Honoring Yourself...these are the benefits of working with a Psychotherapist. Allow me to be your Partner and your Guide as you reach for Your Best Life. It is possible! Let's Start Now!
(202) 978-4946 View (202) 978-4946
Photo of Robert Sheavly - Central Washington Psychotherapy Associates, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DCSW
Central Washington Psychotherapy Associates
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DCSW
Washington, DC 20009
CWPA is an association of professionals which provides a broad spectrum of psychotherapy, psychiatry and mental health wellness services. Our offices are located in Northwest DC, Dupont Circle, Woodley Park, Takoma Park, and in Alexandria. Regardless if you are seeking coaching or short-term counseling for a specific issue, traditional psychotherapy, medication management, therapy for your child, couples therapy or even depth psychoanalysis, we have skilled professionals who will help you meet your goals. we offer a wide variety of treatment modalities and areas of specialization. The therapists in our referral network, which are some of the best in the city, are exceptionally qualified.
CWPA is an association of professionals which provides a broad spectrum of psychotherapy, psychiatry and mental health wellness services. Our offices are located in Northwest DC, Dupont Circle, Woodley Park, Takoma Park, and in Alexandria. Regardless if you are seeking coaching or short-term counseling for a specific issue, traditional psychotherapy, medication management, therapy for your child, couples therapy or even depth psychoanalysis, we have skilled professionals who will help you meet your goals. we offer a wide variety of treatment modalities and areas of specialization. The therapists in our referral network, which are some of the best in the city, are exceptionally qualified.
(202) 601-3726 View (202) 601-3726
Photo of Zephaniah Mukendi - Zephy's Social Work Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Zephy's Social Work Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Online Only
Are you struggling with negative thoughts, losing interest in things? You are at a point where you have difficulties coping and getting back to your life. You may find yourself in a situation in which you experienced a personal loss such as a loved one, a job promotion, the stresses of being a family caregiver for a loved one. There's help to alleviate your situation.
Are you struggling with negative thoughts, losing interest in things? You are at a point where you have difficulties coping and getting back to your life. You may find yourself in a situation in which you experienced a personal loss such as a loved one, a job promotion, the stresses of being a family caregiver for a loved one. There's help to alleviate your situation.
(202) 793-8229 View (202) 793-8229
Photo of Zachary James Pyne, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Zachary James Pyne
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
I work with clients from a wide variety of cultural backgrounds, who have all come to a shared realization: that their way of living is no longer working for them. Whether they are struggling with addiction or depression or find themselves experiencing relationship difficulties, they all aspire to something new; something more. Together we identify the nature of their particular dissatisfaction, discover how they got there, and develop a more desirable and sustainable reality. I believe that my role is to be a nonjudgmental companion to my clients on their unique journey of self-discovery and profound change.
I work with clients from a wide variety of cultural backgrounds, who have all come to a shared realization: that their way of living is no longer working for them. Whether they are struggling with addiction or depression or find themselves experiencing relationship difficulties, they all aspire to something new; something more. Together we identify the nature of their particular dissatisfaction, discover how they got there, and develop a more desirable and sustainable reality. I believe that my role is to be a nonjudgmental companion to my clients on their unique journey of self-discovery and profound change.
(202) 759-8387 View (202) 759-8387
Photo of Anna Colangelo, Psychologist, PhD, PMH-C
Anna Colangelo
Psychologist, PhD, PMH-C
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Seeking out therapy is the first step in your journey to healing and understanding. Through therapy, I will work with you to address present challenges, identify tools to navigate current and future difficult situations, and make changes to patterns of behavior or thoughts that are causing distress. Throughout our work, we will focus on broadening and deepening your awareness of yourself.   The foundation of successful therapeutic work is the therapist-client relationship. I understand the importance of this relationship, and I strive to establish a collaborative working connection filled with warmth and understanding.
Seeking out therapy is the first step in your journey to healing and understanding. Through therapy, I will work with you to address present challenges, identify tools to navigate current and future difficult situations, and make changes to patterns of behavior or thoughts that are causing distress. Throughout our work, we will focus on broadening and deepening your awareness of yourself.   The foundation of successful therapeutic work is the therapist-client relationship. I understand the importance of this relationship, and I strive to establish a collaborative working connection filled with warmth and understanding.
(844) 338-4927 View (844) 338-4927
Photo of Sara Sheikh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW, RYT-500
Sara Sheikh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW, RYT-500
4 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20016
You are feeling hopeful and ready to transform your mental health. You’d like to understand yourself better and get unstuck from patterns that dys- regulates your nervous system. You hope to free yourself from painful life experiences, adjust to a big change, or grieve a loss that carries great significance. You’re looking for a safe, supportive, judgment free space to feel, heal and grow fearlessly. You’ve tried traditional talk therapy but need an approach that values the wisdom of the body-mind connection. You’re ready to understand what you need to feel more whole, authentic, and empowered..
You are feeling hopeful and ready to transform your mental health. You’d like to understand yourself better and get unstuck from patterns that dys- regulates your nervous system. You hope to free yourself from painful life experiences, adjust to a big change, or grieve a loss that carries great significance. You’re looking for a safe, supportive, judgment free space to feel, heal and grow fearlessly. You’ve tried traditional talk therapy but need an approach that values the wisdom of the body-mind connection. You’re ready to understand what you need to feel more whole, authentic, and empowered..
(202) 883-3339 View (202) 883-3339
Photo of Caitlin Eshelman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Caitlin Eshelman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Online Only
Hi! I'm a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker based in Washington, DC. I received my Masters in Social Work from The Catholic University of America and have been practicing for 15 years. I help individuals and couples who are experiencing issues related to trauma, anxiety and depression be the best versions of themselves. I also specialize in humans who identify as LGBTQ+ and polyamorous. I am a kink and sex positive therapist.
Hi! I'm a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker based in Washington, DC. I received my Masters in Social Work from The Catholic University of America and have been practicing for 15 years. I help individuals and couples who are experiencing issues related to trauma, anxiety and depression be the best versions of themselves. I also specialize in humans who identify as LGBTQ+ and polyamorous. I am a kink and sex positive therapist.
(202) 946-7172 View (202) 946-7172
Photo of Thuy-van Duckett-Beauford, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DSW
Thuy-van Duckett-Beauford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DSW
Online Only
I am passionate about helping others navigate through the many challenges and transitions we face throughout our life journey and walking through them together: relationship issues, career/work stressors, medical needs, Serious Mental Illness, physical limitations/loss of functioning, body image, emotional eating, low self esteem, spiritual needs, and lack of self identity/life purpose. I have acquired a diverse array of experiences and expertise throughout my years as a mental health provider in DC, and I enjoy drawing from these vast experiences to meet the individual needs of each individual client.
I am passionate about helping others navigate through the many challenges and transitions we face throughout our life journey and walking through them together: relationship issues, career/work stressors, medical needs, Serious Mental Illness, physical limitations/loss of functioning, body image, emotional eating, low self esteem, spiritual needs, and lack of self identity/life purpose. I have acquired a diverse array of experiences and expertise throughout my years as a mental health provider in DC, and I enjoy drawing from these vast experiences to meet the individual needs of each individual client.
(202) 688-3957 View (202) 688-3957
Photo of Juana Marquez-Villegas, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Juana Marquez-Villegas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Washington, DC 20016
Life places many expectations on us, often all at once. We’re asked to be parents, partners, caregivers, employees, and individuals all at once, and it can feel overwhelming to manage these roles while still trying to care for ourselves. As a proud wife and mother of three, I understand the pressure to “show up” for everyone, even when life feels heavy. I also know that seeking support is a sign of strength, not weakness.
Life places many expectations on us, often all at once. We’re asked to be parents, partners, caregivers, employees, and individuals all at once, and it can feel overwhelming to manage these roles while still trying to care for ourselves. As a proud wife and mother of three, I understand the pressure to “show up” for everyone, even when life feels heavy. I also know that seeking support is a sign of strength, not weakness.
(202) 952-9047 View (202) 952-9047
Photo of Veronica Fabani - Veronica Fabani Psychotherapy, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, CAC I, MAC
Veronica Fabani Psychotherapy, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, CAC I, MAC
Online Only
If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new direction in your life, we look forward to working with you to achieve your goals. As bilingual (Spanish and English) solution-focused therapists, the goal is to accompany you through the process of a personal challenge, in which you allow and make possible the transformation of your attitude towards what troubles you.
If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new direction in your life, we look forward to working with you to achieve your goals. As bilingual (Spanish and English) solution-focused therapists, the goal is to accompany you through the process of a personal challenge, in which you allow and make possible the transformation of your attitude towards what troubles you.
(202) 902-9085 View (202) 902-9085
Photo of Amy Henry, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC-S
Amy Henry
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC-S
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Licensed in MD, DC, VA, NJ. If you’re reading this, then you’ve already taken the first step toward healing. If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, eating disorder, trauma, or other challenges, I can help you forge a path forward. I will work collaboratively with you to establish personalized therapy goals tailored to your specific needs. I will work diligently to foster an environment in which you feel safe, accepted, seen, heard, and never judged. In our work together, you can expect me to be compassionate, honest, and real; I will be patient and encourage you to confront the deeper, underlying issues.
Licensed in MD, DC, VA, NJ. If you’re reading this, then you’ve already taken the first step toward healing. If you are struggling with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, eating disorder, trauma, or other challenges, I can help you forge a path forward. I will work collaboratively with you to establish personalized therapy goals tailored to your specific needs. I will work diligently to foster an environment in which you feel safe, accepted, seen, heard, and never judged. In our work together, you can expect me to be compassionate, honest, and real; I will be patient and encourage you to confront the deeper, underlying issues.
(202) 951-9091 View (202) 951-9091

See more therapy options for Washington

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Washington, DC

3,000+

Average cost per session

$182

Therapists in Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
69% Stress
68% Trauma and PTSD
60% Grief

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% Aetna
67% BlueCross and BlueShield
63% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Washington, DC see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.