Therapists in District of Columbia

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Photo of Raven E. Jenerson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in District of Columbia
Raven E. Jenerson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20003  (Online Only)
There are many layers and textures in each of our stories and individual healing journeys, that may make us believe that healing is impossible or that inner wellness after trauma is unattainable. You are worthy and capable of the healing you're envisioning. For many of us, a safe healing space is the first step in that journey back to self and is the support we’ve been searching for to become the next best version of ourselves. Together, we co-create the space you need to celebrate your innate wisdom; restore trust in your intuition and voice; and nurture your growth towards more healing and easeful living.
There are many layers and textures in each of our stories and individual healing journeys, that may make us believe that healing is impossible or that inner wellness after trauma is unattainable. You are worthy and capable of the healing you're envisioning. For many of us, a safe healing space is the first step in that journey back to self and is the support we’ve been searching for to become the next best version of ourselves. Together, we co-create the space you need to celebrate your innate wisdom; restore trust in your intuition and voice; and nurture your growth towards more healing and easeful living.
(202) 968-3476 View (202) 968-3476
Photo of Brian Cross, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Brian Cross
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
I work with a wide variety of clients in individual, couples, group and consultation formats.I provide a relationship that promotes respectful, direct expression of our unique human frailties and strengths be they happy, angry, fearful or sad. Psychotherapy is a potent elixir for change. The 'contents' of life provides for each of us at times a 'wild-ride', a 'lazy day', or somewhere in between. I help my clients with the 'process' of life to stay connected with their Self and others. If all goes well in the individual or couples therapy, most of my clients matriculate into a group psychotherapy process to further their growth.
I work with a wide variety of clients in individual, couples, group and consultation formats.I provide a relationship that promotes respectful, direct expression of our unique human frailties and strengths be they happy, angry, fearful or sad. Psychotherapy is a potent elixir for change. The 'contents' of life provides for each of us at times a 'wild-ride', a 'lazy day', or somewhere in between. I help my clients with the 'process' of life to stay connected with their Self and others. If all goes well in the individual or couples therapy, most of my clients matriculate into a group psychotherapy process to further their growth.
(202) 643-6971 View (202) 643-6971
Photo of Aparna Arjunan, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Aparna Arjunan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20003  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
We all have stories we have been carrying with us based on our lived experience. I aim to help my clients dig deeper into these personal narratives, to understand how our past may be affecting our present and keeping us from the future we want. I have specialized training and experience in working with trauma and providing treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, military adjustment, occupational stress, and other major life changes. Racial trauma and issues related to cultural identity, such as those specific to 1st and 2nd generation immigrants, are some of the particular topics I would help us explore.
We all have stories we have been carrying with us based on our lived experience. I aim to help my clients dig deeper into these personal narratives, to understand how our past may be affecting our present and keeping us from the future we want. I have specialized training and experience in working with trauma and providing treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, military adjustment, occupational stress, and other major life changes. Racial trauma and issues related to cultural identity, such as those specific to 1st and 2nd generation immigrants, are some of the particular topics I would help us explore.
(202) 933-5760 View (202) 933-5760
Photo of Sarah Hoops, Counselor in District of Columbia
Sarah Hoops
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
Sarah specializes in supporting trauma survivors, including survivors of sexual violence, emotional abuse or neglect, harmful relationships, and traumatic loss. She also provides affirming therapy for disabled and chronically ill folks, drawing from her passion for Disability Justice, as well as her own lived experience navigating chronic illness in ableist culture. Sarah uses self-compassion, sand therapy, and Internal Family Systems-informed "parts work," guiding you to build a loving relationship with yourself - even (especially) the parts of yourself that might feel troublesome or unworthy.
Sarah specializes in supporting trauma survivors, including survivors of sexual violence, emotional abuse or neglect, harmful relationships, and traumatic loss. She also provides affirming therapy for disabled and chronically ill folks, drawing from her passion for Disability Justice, as well as her own lived experience navigating chronic illness in ableist culture. Sarah uses self-compassion, sand therapy, and Internal Family Systems-informed "parts work," guiding you to build a loving relationship with yourself - even (especially) the parts of yourself that might feel troublesome or unworthy.
(202) 840-8649 x4 View (202) 840-8649 x4
Photo of Alexandra Savela, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Alexandra Savela
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20011  (Online Only)
I'm a counseling psychologist, trained as a researcher and therapist, with a passion for life-long learning. I view counseling as a creative process where we work collaboratively to uncover the root causes of what’s getting you stuck. In tandem, we work to discover what brings you a sense of meaning and purpose in your life. I specialize in working with adults who are interested in self-growth and identity development, in addition to finding relief from symptoms. I have extensive experience treating anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship concerns, stress/burnout, career development, and building self-esteem & self-compassion.
I'm a counseling psychologist, trained as a researcher and therapist, with a passion for life-long learning. I view counseling as a creative process where we work collaboratively to uncover the root causes of what’s getting you stuck. In tandem, we work to discover what brings you a sense of meaning and purpose in your life. I specialize in working with adults who are interested in self-growth and identity development, in addition to finding relief from symptoms. I have extensive experience treating anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship concerns, stress/burnout, career development, and building self-esteem & self-compassion.
(202) 883-3254 View (202) 883-3254
Photo of Christopher Haws in District of Columbia
Christopher Haws
MA Hons, GC-C
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20016
Grief is a natural response to a bereavement or a loss of any kind, but the distress you understandably feel today need not be incapacitating or unnecessarily prolonged. My approach will help you come to terms with your new reality, while retaining a healthy and positive psychological relationship with the loved ones you have cherished, but who are now no longer physically present. We will work together to establish new strategies for living a fulfilling and joyful life - a life that can be continually enriched by the happy memories of times gone by. A life of gratitude, rather than regret.
Grief is a natural response to a bereavement or a loss of any kind, but the distress you understandably feel today need not be incapacitating or unnecessarily prolonged. My approach will help you come to terms with your new reality, while retaining a healthy and positive psychological relationship with the loved ones you have cherished, but who are now no longer physically present. We will work together to establish new strategies for living a fulfilling and joyful life - a life that can be continually enriched by the happy memories of times gone by. A life of gratitude, rather than regret.
(202) 858-2716 View (202) 858-2716
Photo of Sophy Varghese, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in District of Columbia
Sophy Varghese
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20018  (Online Only)
Supporting, encouraging, and comforting others has been an integral part of my journey, leading me on a path to a rich and rewarding career as a clinical social worker. I am passionate about supporting individuals reach their behavioral health, relational and spiritual goals! I have a special interest in working with women who are seeking support for depression, anxiety, trauma, loss, low self-esteem, parenting, establishing healthy boundaries and navigating relationships.
Supporting, encouraging, and comforting others has been an integral part of my journey, leading me on a path to a rich and rewarding career as a clinical social worker. I am passionate about supporting individuals reach their behavioral health, relational and spiritual goals! I have a special interest in working with women who are seeking support for depression, anxiety, trauma, loss, low self-esteem, parenting, establishing healthy boundaries and navigating relationships.
(202) 918-2308 View (202) 918-2308
Photo of Jonathan Lam, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Jonathan Lam
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20008
Jonathan Lam is a professional life coach practicing in the Washington DC area. He is also a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in human potential, relationship health, creativity and athletic performance. He has trained extensively with professional and master coaches and he works with a diverse clientele that include young professionals at the beginning of their careers as well as executives and corporate leaders in the financial industry. Jonathan believes that clarity enables us to take a stand for what we want in life. It allows us to make a commitment to take action to create a life of our dreams.
Jonathan Lam is a professional life coach practicing in the Washington DC area. He is also a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in human potential, relationship health, creativity and athletic performance. He has trained extensively with professional and master coaches and he works with a diverse clientele that include young professionals at the beginning of their careers as well as executives and corporate leaders in the financial industry. Jonathan believes that clarity enables us to take a stand for what we want in life. It allows us to make a commitment to take action to create a life of our dreams.
(202) 915-1597 View (202) 915-1597
Photo of Dr. Victor D. Kidd, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in District of Columbia
Dr. Victor D. Kidd
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20018  (Online Only)
The therapeutic journey is a great way to challenge outdated perspectives while providing a new lens on emotional & mental well-being. Dr. Kidd will guide you through the journey of self-discovery & self-mastery, aligning you with your redefined perspective & life purpose. From challenges with anxiety & depression to trauma & family history, Dr. Kidd's purpose is to assist you in considering the various solutions for a more fulfilling life. It is together, through the therapeutic process, we will tackle your life challenges, leading to growth and prosperity. His hope is that we learn how to reflect, heal, and embrace new beginnings!
The therapeutic journey is a great way to challenge outdated perspectives while providing a new lens on emotional & mental well-being. Dr. Kidd will guide you through the journey of self-discovery & self-mastery, aligning you with your redefined perspective & life purpose. From challenges with anxiety & depression to trauma & family history, Dr. Kidd's purpose is to assist you in considering the various solutions for a more fulfilling life. It is together, through the therapeutic process, we will tackle your life challenges, leading to growth and prosperity. His hope is that we learn how to reflect, heal, and embrace new beginnings!
(202) 410-0685 View (202) 410-0685
Photo of Dr. Jesse Wingate, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Dr. Jesse Wingate
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Hello! Thank you for taking the time to learn more about me and how I might be able to help you with your goals and needs. My hope is that my profile might give you a glimpse of my approach to therapy. I consider myself collaborative, strengths-based, and compassionate in my style. I'm licensed in Virginia, Washington, D.C., Vermont, and am authorized to practice telepsychology with clients in 35+ states via PSYPACT.
Hello! Thank you for taking the time to learn more about me and how I might be able to help you with your goals and needs. My hope is that my profile might give you a glimpse of my approach to therapy. I consider myself collaborative, strengths-based, and compassionate in my style. I'm licensed in Virginia, Washington, D.C., Vermont, and am authorized to practice telepsychology with clients in 35+ states via PSYPACT.
(202) 318-6769 View (202) 318-6769
Capitol Hill Counseling and Resource Center
Pastoral Counselor, DMin, MDiv
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20002  (Online Only)
Are you depressed, tired, or unmotivated? Do you need someone that can help inspire you to declutter your in order for you to achieve your goals? Are you stuck in the cycle of bad relationships and making poor choices? Do you seek healing and motivational support as you are facing the challenges of life? I invite you to trust in my proven track record of helping countless individuals overcome adversity and discover inner strength while achieving spiritual growth.
Are you depressed, tired, or unmotivated? Do you need someone that can help inspire you to declutter your in order for you to achieve your goals? Are you stuck in the cycle of bad relationships and making poor choices? Do you seek healing and motivational support as you are facing the challenges of life? I invite you to trust in my proven track record of helping countless individuals overcome adversity and discover inner strength while achieving spiritual growth.
(855) 242-6042 View (855) 242-6042
Photo of Lauren DePompeo, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Lauren DePompeo
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Welcome to my practice! At some point in all of our lives we face difficulty navigating challenges and stressors, such as depression, anxiety, life/career transitions, or relationship issues. I believe therapy can be a unique and powerful tool to relieve distress, enhance one's quality of life, and help gain a better understanding of oneself. My approach is empathetic and client-centered and I integrate various therapeutic approaches to meet the unique needs and goals of my clients.
Welcome to my practice! At some point in all of our lives we face difficulty navigating challenges and stressors, such as depression, anxiety, life/career transitions, or relationship issues. I believe therapy can be a unique and powerful tool to relieve distress, enhance one's quality of life, and help gain a better understanding of oneself. My approach is empathetic and client-centered and I integrate various therapeutic approaches to meet the unique needs and goals of my clients.
(202) 831-8247 View (202) 831-8247
Photo of Erin Gelzer, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Erin Gelzer
Psychologist, MBA, PsyD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
Evening/weekend appointments. Finding yourself in deep distress or feeling dissatisfied with life may signal you are ready for change. Therapy can help you understand the roots of distress and help you make desired changes. My therapeutic approach focuses on deepening your understanding of and compassion for yourself by exploring aspects of your identity, examining your values and beliefs, reflecting on relationships that have shaped you, and identifying patterns that may no longer serve you. From this place of understanding and compassion, those sources of distress can shift, creating profound changes in the areas of life most important to you.
Evening/weekend appointments. Finding yourself in deep distress or feeling dissatisfied with life may signal you are ready for change. Therapy can help you understand the roots of distress and help you make desired changes. My therapeutic approach focuses on deepening your understanding of and compassion for yourself by exploring aspects of your identity, examining your values and beliefs, reflecting on relationships that have shaped you, and identifying patterns that may no longer serve you. From this place of understanding and compassion, those sources of distress can shift, creating profound changes in the areas of life most important to you.
(202) 831-0975 View (202) 831-0975
Photo of Elizabeth Tschoegl, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in District of Columbia
Elizabeth Tschoegl
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW, MSc
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
Finding a therapist can be tough. Perhaps you feel overwhelmed. Maybe life has thrown more at you than you think you can handle, or your usual coping strategies are failing. Using humor and a collaborative approach, we can tackle these challenges together. Drawing on your own innate resilience and capacity to change, I hope to give confidence to the belief that change is possible and that you can feel better.
Finding a therapist can be tough. Perhaps you feel overwhelmed. Maybe life has thrown more at you than you think you can handle, or your usual coping strategies are failing. Using humor and a collaborative approach, we can tackle these challenges together. Drawing on your own innate resilience and capacity to change, I hope to give confidence to the belief that change is possible and that you can feel better.
(202) 618-3044 View (202) 618-3044
Photo of Dr. Shelley L Marfori, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Dr. Shelley L Marfori
Psychologist, Psy D
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20008  (Online Only)
As a member of the LGBTQIA+ community, a trauma survivor, and someone with a chronic pain disorder; I approach the work that I do from a place of empathy and personal understanding. I have an intense passion for understanding personal identity and the way race, culture, class, and sexuality come together to form what we believe about ourselves and what we feel we can accomplish in our lives. Anxiety and trauma can live in our bodies - together we will create a relationship that fosters dynamic and lasting growth, tapping into undiscovered reserves of resiliency that will help navigate the past and prepare for a more hopeful future.
As a member of the LGBTQIA+ community, a trauma survivor, and someone with a chronic pain disorder; I approach the work that I do from a place of empathy and personal understanding. I have an intense passion for understanding personal identity and the way race, culture, class, and sexuality come together to form what we believe about ourselves and what we feel we can accomplish in our lives. Anxiety and trauma can live in our bodies - together we will create a relationship that fosters dynamic and lasting growth, tapping into undiscovered reserves of resiliency that will help navigate the past and prepare for a more hopeful future.
(202) 919-6929 x779 View (202) 919-6929 x779
Photo of Sheetal Patel, Psychologist in District of Columbia
Sheetal Patel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009
I create an environment that helps clients explore both the internal and external barriers to their healing and growth. As a psychologist I pull from working with diverse groups of people and assist on issues of trauma, grief, loss, relationship difficulties, wellness and health. To me, therapy is best when it's a mix of approaches that are used strategically to create a nonjudgmental and empathic atmosphere. My style is both warm and thought-provoking, and I actively collaborate with and support those with whom I work.
I create an environment that helps clients explore both the internal and external barriers to their healing and growth. As a psychologist I pull from working with diverse groups of people and assist on issues of trauma, grief, loss, relationship difficulties, wellness and health. To me, therapy is best when it's a mix of approaches that are used strategically to create a nonjudgmental and empathic atmosphere. My style is both warm and thought-provoking, and I actively collaborate with and support those with whom I work.
(240) 607-5038 View (240) 607-5038
Photo of Dr. Carla D Washington, Counselor in District of Columbia
Dr. Carla D Washington
Counselor, EdD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
I have been a psychotherapist for over 25 years working with diverse adolescent and adult clients on an individual basis. I assist clients with developing healthier coping skills for addressing the issues of every day life. Furthermore,as an Existentialist, I feel that it is a human right to work toward developing one's potential and to enjoy one's journey on this planet.
I have been a psychotherapist for over 25 years working with diverse adolescent and adult clients on an individual basis. I assist clients with developing healthier coping skills for addressing the issues of every day life. Furthermore,as an Existentialist, I feel that it is a human right to work toward developing one's potential and to enjoy one's journey on this planet.
(202) 670-9948 View (202) 670-9948
Photo of Shannon Nicole Guilmette, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in District of Columbia
Shannon Nicole Guilmette
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
There are many misconceptions about what it means to be in therapy. Anyone can benefit from therapy regardless of what walk of life they come from. It does not mean that you are broken, weak or crazy. What it does mean is that you are up for the challenge of confronting harmful beliefs, habits, and communication styles so that you can live a life that is authentically yours. Sitting across from this screen right now takes courage and vulnerability. Our mental health shows itself in all areas of our lives: relationships, perception, management of daily life, sense of self, and our ability connect to our emotions and body.
There are many misconceptions about what it means to be in therapy. Anyone can benefit from therapy regardless of what walk of life they come from. It does not mean that you are broken, weak or crazy. What it does mean is that you are up for the challenge of confronting harmful beliefs, habits, and communication styles so that you can live a life that is authentically yours. Sitting across from this screen right now takes courage and vulnerability. Our mental health shows itself in all areas of our lives: relationships, perception, management of daily life, sense of self, and our ability connect to our emotions and body.
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Photo of Allison Miller, Psychological Associate in District of Columbia
Allison Miller
Psychological Associate, PsyD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009  (Online Only)
There are many challenges we face throughout life and I aim to create a safe, supportive space to process and find solutions for them together. I aim to use empirically supported methods for treatment. I take an integrated approach to therapy, drawing from my training in Cognitive-Behavioral therapy, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, and relational approaches. I also incorporate methods from Acceptance and Commitment therapy and mindfulness. I work with adults; individuals and couples.
There are many challenges we face throughout life and I aim to create a safe, supportive space to process and find solutions for them together. I aim to use empirically supported methods for treatment. I take an integrated approach to therapy, drawing from my training in Cognitive-Behavioral therapy, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, and relational approaches. I also incorporate methods from Acceptance and Commitment therapy and mindfulness. I work with adults; individuals and couples.
(434) 215-0225 View (434) 215-0225
Photo of Jenn Ross-Moore, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in District of Columbia
Jenn Ross-Moore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
I'm Jenn (they/them), a Brooklyn native with Bajan roots, who identifies as Queer. I am passionate about working with Black, LGBTQ+, and grieving communities. I believe one of the most important parts of therapy is the therapeutic relationship. I center my practice around the pillar that we are well-equipped with the things we need to heal and that therapy as a practice allows these things to surface and be used to our benefit.
I'm Jenn (they/them), a Brooklyn native with Bajan roots, who identifies as Queer. I am passionate about working with Black, LGBTQ+, and grieving communities. I believe one of the most important parts of therapy is the therapeutic relationship. I center my practice around the pillar that we are well-equipped with the things we need to heal and that therapy as a practice allows these things to surface and be used to our benefit.
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See more therapy options for District of Columbia

How does your Therapist compare?

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in District of Columbia who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% CareFirst
53% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in District of Columbia see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in District of Columbia?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.