Therapists in Mill Valley, CA

Photo of Allyson Gayle Moore, Marriage & Family Therapist, BCBA, LMFT
Allyson Gayle Moore
Marriage & Family Therapist, BCBA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) and Licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT) with comprehensive knowledge and extensive experience serving individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and other developmental, intellectual, and mental health disabilities, as well as supporting, collaborating, and coordinating care with their families and other service providers.
I am a Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) and Licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT) with comprehensive knowledge and extensive experience serving individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and other developmental, intellectual, and mental health disabilities, as well as supporting, collaborating, and coordinating care with their families and other service providers.
(415) 301-2529 View (415) 301-2529
Photo of Roshini Kumar - The Pilates Psychology with Roshini Kumar, Counselor, LPC, LPCC, MRC
The Pilates Psychology with Roshini Kumar
Counselor, LPC, LPCC, MRC
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
Looking for therapy for the mind AND the body? Notice any body aches, muscle tightness, fatigue, headaches or back pain from anxiety or depression? It's no secret that anxiety and depression impact not just our moods, but our relationships, our work performance, AND our bodies!
Looking for therapy for the mind AND the body? Notice any body aches, muscle tightness, fatigue, headaches or back pain from anxiety or depression? It's no secret that anxiety and depression impact not just our moods, but our relationships, our work performance, AND our bodies!
(415) 980-6253 View (415) 980-6253
Photo of Cassandra Ohrstrom, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Cassandra Ohrstrom
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mill Valley, CA 94941
Waitlist for new clients
To those navigating the complexities of parenting, carrying the weight of past hurts, or striving to find harmony in their relationships, I see you. I specialize in supporting parents and caregivers concerned about their teenager's behavior and those looking to improve family relationships and reduce conflict. As a family therapist, I tackle various family challenges like addiction, disordered eating, and teen behavior. I assist with challenging transitions, supporting neurodivergent families, healing intergenerational trauma, and addressing burnout in high-achieving families.
To those navigating the complexities of parenting, carrying the weight of past hurts, or striving to find harmony in their relationships, I see you. I specialize in supporting parents and caregivers concerned about their teenager's behavior and those looking to improve family relationships and reduce conflict. As a family therapist, I tackle various family challenges like addiction, disordered eating, and teen behavior. I assist with challenging transitions, supporting neurodivergent families, healing intergenerational trauma, and addressing burnout in high-achieving families.
(415) 450-0517 View (415) 450-0517
Photo of Christy Mammini, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Christy Mammini
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome! Taking the first step towards getting help is not always easy and I am here to make that transition as clear and safe as possible. My specialties include eating disorders, body image, depression and anxiety. You will find I provide a warm, compassionate, down-to-earth environment where together we will work towards developing insight and awareness into the roots of the behaviors, beliefs and patterns that are holding you back from reaching your fullest potential and living the life that you want.
Welcome! Taking the first step towards getting help is not always easy and I am here to make that transition as clear and safe as possible. My specialties include eating disorders, body image, depression and anxiety. You will find I provide a warm, compassionate, down-to-earth environment where together we will work towards developing insight and awareness into the roots of the behaviors, beliefs and patterns that are holding you back from reaching your fullest potential and living the life that you want.
(510) 629-5154 View (510) 629-5154
Photo of Dr. Amanda Mason, Psychologist, PsyD, ASRM, -MHG
Dr. Amanda Mason
Psychologist, PsyD, ASRM, -MHG
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
We've all been there, disoriented by one of life's unexpected challenges, wishing for clarity...& maybe hiding from a bit of truth as well. Research shows we are out of connection 66% of the time; learning better tools for managing conflict is key. We'll use the Gottman Method to re-architect communication strategies that remove barriers to relational success, so clients access deep, meaningful gains, yet unrealized in relationships, ...or perhaps lost along the way. Wherever you are on your relationship journey, these skills optimize relational protections & potential.
We've all been there, disoriented by one of life's unexpected challenges, wishing for clarity...& maybe hiding from a bit of truth as well. Research shows we are out of connection 66% of the time; learning better tools for managing conflict is key. We'll use the Gottman Method to re-architect communication strategies that remove barriers to relational success, so clients access deep, meaningful gains, yet unrealized in relationships, ...or perhaps lost along the way. Wherever you are on your relationship journey, these skills optimize relational protections & potential.
(415) 370-4256 View (415) 370-4256
Photo of Shannon Weisberg, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Shannon Weisberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mill Valley, CA 94941
Are your relationships struggling? Parenting stress taking a toll on you? Going through a transition or major life event? My clients often report issues in their work or family life that weigh them down or limit them in enjoying what might otherwise feel like a wonderful life. Together, we can achieve meaningful improvements in areas such as anxiety, depression, burnout, conflict, loneliness, perfectionism, stress, divorce, dating and parenting.
Are your relationships struggling? Parenting stress taking a toll on you? Going through a transition or major life event? My clients often report issues in their work or family life that weigh them down or limit them in enjoying what might otherwise feel like a wonderful life. Together, we can achieve meaningful improvements in areas such as anxiety, depression, burnout, conflict, loneliness, perfectionism, stress, divorce, dating and parenting.
(415) 868-4767 View (415) 868-4767
Photo of Francesca Stevenson, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Francesca Stevenson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mill Valley, CA 94941
Waitlist for new clients
Stepping out of our comfort zone and navigating with curiosity and an open mind what we find challenging and painful allows us to grow and transform. My job is to help you feel safe, understood and connected while engaging in this exploration together. My approach is compassionate, non-judgmental and collaborative, ultimately trusting in your wisdom and inner knowing. I have found that by bringing awareness and compassion to our minds, emotions and bodies we are able to notice conditioned beliefs, thoughts and behaviors that may no longer serve us. Through this work we can move toward greater agency and acceptance.
Stepping out of our comfort zone and navigating with curiosity and an open mind what we find challenging and painful allows us to grow and transform. My job is to help you feel safe, understood and connected while engaging in this exploration together. My approach is compassionate, non-judgmental and collaborative, ultimately trusting in your wisdom and inner knowing. I have found that by bringing awareness and compassion to our minds, emotions and bodies we are able to notice conditioned beliefs, thoughts and behaviors that may no longer serve us. Through this work we can move toward greater agency and acceptance.
(628) 265-6155 View (628) 265-6155
Photo of Scott James Davis, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, CEC
Scott James Davis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, CEC
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
I see clients in my Mill Valley office or on Zoom. Over 20 years experience supporting diverse people in creating more Passionate, Engaged and Deeply Meaningful lives. I help people become Happier, Calmer and more Empowered in the face of life's many changes. In a compassionate and accepting environment, I welcome all that is going on for you right now, and support you in transforming problematic situations and patterns (including addiction) into a healthier more fulfilling life. Sometimes a bit of unconditional support is what we need to work through difficulties and get to a better place.
I see clients in my Mill Valley office or on Zoom. Over 20 years experience supporting diverse people in creating more Passionate, Engaged and Deeply Meaningful lives. I help people become Happier, Calmer and more Empowered in the face of life's many changes. In a compassionate and accepting environment, I welcome all that is going on for you right now, and support you in transforming problematic situations and patterns (including addiction) into a healthier more fulfilling life. Sometimes a bit of unconditional support is what we need to work through difficulties and get to a better place.
(415) 289-0888 View (415) 289-0888
Photo of Sheela Joshi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sheela Joshi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
My objective is to make your life better now and into the future. Therapists helped me over the years, taught and inspired me to become one. I pivoted to my career as a therapist 16 years after earning a B.A. in Economics at University of Chicago. I earned my LCSW at Smith College. I'm a mother of two and a first-generation child of immigrants. In my practice I want you to make the most of your time with me. I work with a range of clients, from executives to college students. My office is tucked into hills and trees. Clients are from my town, Mill Valley, Sausalito, Kentfield, Tiburon, San Francisco and the South Bay. I Zoom too.
My objective is to make your life better now and into the future. Therapists helped me over the years, taught and inspired me to become one. I pivoted to my career as a therapist 16 years after earning a B.A. in Economics at University of Chicago. I earned my LCSW at Smith College. I'm a mother of two and a first-generation child of immigrants. In my practice I want you to make the most of your time with me. I work with a range of clients, from executives to college students. My office is tucked into hills and trees. Clients are from my town, Mill Valley, Sausalito, Kentfield, Tiburon, San Francisco and the South Bay. I Zoom too.
(617) 275-3982 x617275 View (617) 275-3982 x617275
Photo of Shannon Navarro, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Shannon Navarro
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
I help clients overcome hurdles that feel overwhelming so they can regain a footing in life, or a relationship, that feels meaningful again. Together we will understand the patterns and dynamics that are holding you back. I'll help you create new strategies to manage life's challenges and deepen your connection to others. You can expect me to be emphatic, honest, curious and supportive.
I help clients overcome hurdles that feel overwhelming so they can regain a footing in life, or a relationship, that feels meaningful again. Together we will understand the patterns and dynamics that are holding you back. I'll help you create new strategies to manage life's challenges and deepen your connection to others. You can expect me to be emphatic, honest, curious and supportive.
(628) 333-2373 View (628) 333-2373
Photo of Leah Lazar, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Leah Lazar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
For over 33 years I have been blessed to work with individuals and couples who put their trust in me to facilitate their own personal healing. Clients have relied on my devotion, warmth, insights and authentic presence to hold them in a safe, sacred space. Through a collaborative exploration, we explore the thoughts, feelings, belief systems that are at the root of life-long patterns. Awareness of these patterns is crucial. However, lasting change requires more than insight. We need to directly experience and release the underlying energies and wounds that block your life force, so you can live and express your authentic gifts.
For over 33 years I have been blessed to work with individuals and couples who put their trust in me to facilitate their own personal healing. Clients have relied on my devotion, warmth, insights and authentic presence to hold them in a safe, sacred space. Through a collaborative exploration, we explore the thoughts, feelings, belief systems that are at the root of life-long patterns. Awareness of these patterns is crucial. However, lasting change requires more than insight. We need to directly experience and release the underlying energies and wounds that block your life force, so you can live and express your authentic gifts.
(415) 322-7889 View (415) 322-7889
Photo of Melissa Jacqueline D'Amore - Melissa D'Amore, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Melissa D'Amore
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mill Valley, CA 94941
I help individuals who are seeking support through significant life changes or are suffering from past wounding to heal and to deepen self-awareness.
I help individuals who are seeking support through significant life changes or are suffering from past wounding to heal and to deepen self-awareness.
(415) 539-0216 View (415) 539-0216
Photo of Erin Chalfant, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MFA, E-RYT
Erin Chalfant
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MFA, E-RYT
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
Erin has been guided by a lidless curiosity to live, work, participate and study ceremony and plant medicine all over the world (including in Colombia, Barcelona, and Vancouver), and has 20 years of experience teaching, writing, mentoring, and facilitating ceremony. Her narrative nonfiction book, The Other Side of the River, was published by Womancraft Publishing in 2016. She draws from a profound way of listening and pattern recognition that is grounded in application and attuned to each individual’s unique situation and life circumstances. She offers individual sessions online and from my home-base in California.
Erin has been guided by a lidless curiosity to live, work, participate and study ceremony and plant medicine all over the world (including in Colombia, Barcelona, and Vancouver), and has 20 years of experience teaching, writing, mentoring, and facilitating ceremony. Her narrative nonfiction book, The Other Side of the River, was published by Womancraft Publishing in 2016. She draws from a profound way of listening and pattern recognition that is grounded in application and attuned to each individual’s unique situation and life circumstances. She offers individual sessions online and from my home-base in California.
(415) 599-8037 View (415) 599-8037
Photo of Sydney McCall Patel, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Sydney McCall Patel
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mill Valley, CA 94941
I trust things can get better. I support clients to discover this for themselves. I work with sensitivity and directness to support people to enter into their lives more fully and explore what they need to thrive. Often once this happens symptoms go away and the client gets better. I offer a safe and warm space where clients' deepest concerns are met with authentic attention and care. I support clients to encounter their lives with curiosity, honesty and self-compassion. I work with adults and teens who are facing a variety of life challenges including: postpartum depression, anxiety/panic, grief and trauma.
I trust things can get better. I support clients to discover this for themselves. I work with sensitivity and directness to support people to enter into their lives more fully and explore what they need to thrive. Often once this happens symptoms go away and the client gets better. I offer a safe and warm space where clients' deepest concerns are met with authentic attention and care. I support clients to encounter their lives with curiosity, honesty and self-compassion. I work with adults and teens who are facing a variety of life challenges including: postpartum depression, anxiety/panic, grief and trauma.
(415) 237-0092 View (415) 237-0092
Photo of Mical Falk, Psychologist, PhD, MA
Mical Falk
Psychologist, PhD, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Mill Valley, CA 94941
If you are facing anxiety, personal or relationship challenges, our sessions will provide you immediate relief. With over 30 years in the field, I can help you overcome feeling stressed, overwhelmed, lonely, fearful, stuck, anxious or depressed. I am a sensitive down to earth clinical psychologist, specializing in treatment of couples and individual adults. My attentive listening, deep-seated acceptance, encouragement and warmth will provide you a safe and supportive environment to explore, understand and transform yourself & your relationship.
If you are facing anxiety, personal or relationship challenges, our sessions will provide you immediate relief. With over 30 years in the field, I can help you overcome feeling stressed, overwhelmed, lonely, fearful, stuck, anxious or depressed. I am a sensitive down to earth clinical psychologist, specializing in treatment of couples and individual adults. My attentive listening, deep-seated acceptance, encouragement and warmth will provide you a safe and supportive environment to explore, understand and transform yourself & your relationship.
(415) 969-3052 View (415) 969-3052
Photo of Heath A Schechinger, Psychologist, PhD
Heath A Schechinger
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Mill Valley, CA 94941
I'm a UC Berkeley-trained psychologist and renowned expert in relationships, with my work featured in major outlets like the New York Times, Vogue, and Psychology Today. I specialize in anxiety, trauma, depression, grief, and relationship challenges. My approach integrates Internal Family Systems (IFS), Hakomi, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), and a focus on relational dynamics to foster healing and growth. My goal is to help you process and resolve emotionally charged experiences that may be keeping you stuck in unhelpful patters, allowing you to live a more balanced and fulfilling life.
I'm a UC Berkeley-trained psychologist and renowned expert in relationships, with my work featured in major outlets like the New York Times, Vogue, and Psychology Today. I specialize in anxiety, trauma, depression, grief, and relationship challenges. My approach integrates Internal Family Systems (IFS), Hakomi, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), and a focus on relational dynamics to foster healing and growth. My goal is to help you process and resolve emotionally charged experiences that may be keeping you stuck in unhelpful patters, allowing you to live a more balanced and fulfilling life.
(628) 313-3269 View (628) 313-3269
Photo of Sonia Vasquez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sonia Vasquez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
My name is Sonia Vasquez, I am a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW). I am a client-centered therapist and focus on my client's strengths. Typically, I have been able to assist clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, family and/or work conflicts, end of life, and chronic illness. In the past 5-10 years I have worked with adults whose ages range from 18 - 90, transitional-age youth, adults, and older adults needing support through life changes, chronic illness, and end-of-life. I utilize a strengths-based/client-centered approach and incorporate cognitive behavioral therapy.
My name is Sonia Vasquez, I am a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW). I am a client-centered therapist and focus on my client's strengths. Typically, I have been able to assist clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, family and/or work conflicts, end of life, and chronic illness. In the past 5-10 years I have worked with adults whose ages range from 18 - 90, transitional-age youth, adults, and older adults needing support through life changes, chronic illness, and end-of-life. I utilize a strengths-based/client-centered approach and incorporate cognitive behavioral therapy.
(415) 964-2634 View (415) 964-2634
Photo of Karen B Wachler, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Karen B Wachler
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Do you... Worry too much but can't help it? Criticize yourself and guiltily believe you're not as good as other people think you are? Struggle with familiar patterns in relationships but can't seem to change? Feel inexplicably blocked from reaching your potential? Believe your problems have roots in the past but don't want to be like Woody Allen, on a therapist's couch, talking about it forever? Yearn for solutions but doubt that true relief is possible? Want to start feeling better ASAP but feel daunted about finding a therapist who will be a good 'fit' for you? I can help.
Do you... Worry too much but can't help it? Criticize yourself and guiltily believe you're not as good as other people think you are? Struggle with familiar patterns in relationships but can't seem to change? Feel inexplicably blocked from reaching your potential? Believe your problems have roots in the past but don't want to be like Woody Allen, on a therapist's couch, talking about it forever? Yearn for solutions but doubt that true relief is possible? Want to start feeling better ASAP but feel daunted about finding a therapist who will be a good 'fit' for you? I can help.
(415) 403-2121 View (415) 403-2121
Photo of Bill Herkelrath, Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD
Bill Herkelrath
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
I have worked with many patients over the years who have had multiple fears and anxieties that control their daily lives. Learning how to have mastery over fears so that the fears do not control us is an important part of therapy. Sometimes personal fears cause conflicts in relationships with significant others. Learning how to support and care for each other is especially important during the present global pandemic because our fears can be real and they affect us in different ways. I encourage grace and kindness when dealing with one another. Be slow to anger and pour kindness into misunderstandings.
I have worked with many patients over the years who have had multiple fears and anxieties that control their daily lives. Learning how to have mastery over fears so that the fears do not control us is an important part of therapy. Sometimes personal fears cause conflicts in relationships with significant others. Learning how to support and care for each other is especially important during the present global pandemic because our fears can be real and they affect us in different ways. I encourage grace and kindness when dealing with one another. Be slow to anger and pour kindness into misunderstandings.
(415) 582-6703 View (415) 582-6703
Photo of Travis Glen Sebera, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Travis Glen Sebera
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Mill Valley, CA 94941
Wishing you well in 2025. If you're like 100% of people, you may be facing some challenges in your relationship at home or at work and thinking about some options to work with these challenges. I’ve been working with people and their relationship to relationship for 20 years in corporate settings and now in a personal context in California. Whether you’re single or in a committed partnership, I can help you look at the positive qualities you bring as well as the challenges you might be having during this complex year.
Wishing you well in 2025. If you're like 100% of people, you may be facing some challenges in your relationship at home or at work and thinking about some options to work with these challenges. I’ve been working with people and their relationship to relationship for 20 years in corporate settings and now in a personal context in California. Whether you’re single or in a committed partnership, I can help you look at the positive qualities you bring as well as the challenges you might be having during this complex year.
(415) 854-5885 View (415) 854-5885
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Mill Valley, CA

500+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Mill Valley, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
86% Relationship Issues
85% Depression
74% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
65% Grief
64% Stress

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

52% Aetna
50% Other
37% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Mill Valley, CA see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Mill Valley?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.