Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

Photo of Gabriel Ceballos Franco, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Gabriel Ceballos Franco
Pre-Licensed Professional, Gabriel Ceballos Franco, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
The first step in solving a problem is understanding what causes it. In essence, the ways we see and understand life, relationships, and our place in life get in the way of achieving our goals. I see angst, anxiety, and depression, among other human experiences of suffering, as the language the human soul uses to ask for help for a way out of past or present pain beyond relationships, ways of being, etc.
The first step in solving a problem is understanding what causes it. In essence, the ways we see and understand life, relationships, and our place in life get in the way of achieving our goals. I see angst, anxiety, and depression, among other human experiences of suffering, as the language the human soul uses to ask for help for a way out of past or present pain beyond relationships, ways of being, etc.
(484) 742-3870 View (484) 742-3870
Photo of Sara Struckmann, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Sara Struckmann
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I work well with mood problems, anxiety, substance use problems and trauma. I also enjoy helping clients who are struggling with low self-esteem, codependent relationships, and those uncertain about their purpose or direction in life. If you're feeling lost, therapy can help you to find a sense of meaning.
I work well with mood problems, anxiety, substance use problems and trauma. I also enjoy helping clients who are struggling with low self-esteem, codependent relationships, and those uncertain about their purpose or direction in life. If you're feeling lost, therapy can help you to find a sense of meaning.
(610) 320-2366 View (610) 320-2366
Photo of Lehigh Valley Counselors, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Lehigh Valley Counselors
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ICAADC, CCTP, DOT-SAP
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Everyone has uncomfortable times and hurdles to overcome at some point. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, substance abuse, or any other issue, you should know that there is hope for a better tomorrow. You might be initially hesitant to seek out help and support for personal matters, but when you do, you will feel confident that you are taking a courageous first step towards getting to a better place in life.
Everyone has uncomfortable times and hurdles to overcome at some point. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, substance abuse, or any other issue, you should know that there is hope for a better tomorrow. You might be initially hesitant to seek out help and support for personal matters, but when you do, you will feel confident that you are taking a courageous first step towards getting to a better place in life.
(610) 596-4222 View (610) 596-4222
Photo of Luisa Fernanda Moreno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Luisa Fernanda Moreno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18020
Luisa Moreno is a licensed master social worker who specializes in holistic health and energy healing. Luisa received her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Penn State University and her Master of Social Work from Marywood University. She is a certified healing touch practitioner and an integrative nutrition health coach who is currently working on her Doctor of Philosophy in Holistic Medicine & Healing Nutrition from the University of Natural Health.
Luisa Moreno is a licensed master social worker who specializes in holistic health and energy healing. Luisa received her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Penn State University and her Master of Social Work from Marywood University. She is a certified healing touch practitioner and an integrative nutrition health coach who is currently working on her Doctor of Philosophy in Holistic Medicine & Healing Nutrition from the University of Natural Health.
(484) 255-8525 View (484) 255-8525
Photo of Dinnette A Medina, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Dinnette A Medina
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18015
Dinnette A. Medina is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Pennsylvania. She earned both her Bachelor of Arts in Clinical Psychology and Masters of Arts in Marriage, Couple, and Family Counseling from Kutztown University. Some other passions include supporting women’s empowerment workshops on several different platforms, conducting conversations and training related to various topics such as self-care, human sexuality, trauma awareness, and life balance.
Dinnette A. Medina is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Pennsylvania. She earned both her Bachelor of Arts in Clinical Psychology and Masters of Arts in Marriage, Couple, and Family Counseling from Kutztown University. Some other passions include supporting women’s empowerment workshops on several different platforms, conducting conversations and training related to various topics such as self-care, human sexuality, trauma awareness, and life balance.
(484) 474-5857 View (484) 474-5857
Photo of Jamie Hunara, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Jamie Hunara
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Having dedicated years to the field of mental health, I have had the privilege of guiding individuals and families towards achieving improved mental and emotional well-being. I focus on engaging children, adolescents, and their caregivers in a collaborative process. I am passionate about tailoring activities that promote cognitive skills, relationship coaching, competency development, and Brain-Based Learning.
Having dedicated years to the field of mental health, I have had the privilege of guiding individuals and families towards achieving improved mental and emotional well-being. I focus on engaging children, adolescents, and their caregivers in a collaborative process. I am passionate about tailoring activities that promote cognitive skills, relationship coaching, competency development, and Brain-Based Learning.
(484) 613-3855 View (484) 613-3855
Photo of Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18015
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
(484) 559-8309 x1 View (484) 559-8309 x1
Photo of Barbara Smith Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Barbara Smith Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
Have you recently reached a point that you feel overwhelmed, sad, or stressed and want to make a change? Have you been experiencing depression, anxiety, relationship stressors? If you're seeking relief from suffering, improvement of coping skills, or support making a decision, therapy can help. If you are ready to make a change in your life, reach out and lets work together to help you reach your goals. Like most people, you may have tried many things on your own before reaching out to someone, reaching out for support often produces anxiety. I offer a warm, compassionate and welcoming environment.
Have you recently reached a point that you feel overwhelmed, sad, or stressed and want to make a change? Have you been experiencing depression, anxiety, relationship stressors? If you're seeking relief from suffering, improvement of coping skills, or support making a decision, therapy can help. If you are ready to make a change in your life, reach out and lets work together to help you reach your goals. Like most people, you may have tried many things on your own before reaching out to someone, reaching out for support often produces anxiety. I offer a warm, compassionate and welcoming environment.
(484) 660-1132 View (484) 660-1132
Photo of Valerie Morales-Kendrick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Valerie Morales-Kendrick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Are you feeling lost? Do you feel as though you don't know what direction your life is taking you? Are you having trouble adjusting to change? Whatever may be going on in your life, I am here to work through those various issues with you. Together, we will re-direct your thinking towards a happier and brighter future. No matter the circumstance, it's never too late to change, and I am willing to help you take that first step.
Are you feeling lost? Do you feel as though you don't know what direction your life is taking you? Are you having trouble adjusting to change? Whatever may be going on in your life, I am here to work through those various issues with you. Together, we will re-direct your thinking towards a happier and brighter future. No matter the circumstance, it's never too late to change, and I am willing to help you take that first step.
(484) 935-3506 View (484) 935-3506
Photo of Mindful Transformations Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Mindful Transformations Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, May Ambrogi, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Experiencing trauma (little and big T traumas) seems to be a part of everyone's life at some point. In my 20 years experience, I see that trauma and chronic stress often lead to, or exacerbate, feelings of depression, anxiety or being "stuck." Being specialty-trained, open-minded and client-needs driven, at MTC, we are able to adeptly challenge clients while also re-building their hope and sense of worthiness so that they may feel good and safe while moving past their comfort zones. (NOTE: Please see the website for my staff's bios. Currently accepting insurances & self-pay clients for my staff.)
Experiencing trauma (little and big T traumas) seems to be a part of everyone's life at some point. In my 20 years experience, I see that trauma and chronic stress often lead to, or exacerbate, feelings of depression, anxiety or being "stuck." Being specialty-trained, open-minded and client-needs driven, at MTC, we are able to adeptly challenge clients while also re-building their hope and sense of worthiness so that they may feel good and safe while moving past their comfort zones. (NOTE: Please see the website for my staff's bios. Currently accepting insurances & self-pay clients for my staff.)
(484) 702-6205 View (484) 702-6205
Photo of Stacie Searle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Stacie Searle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Therapy is a place to explore and understand, a place to be heard and to use your voice, a place to recognize and embrace your worth, a place to learn that you are stronger than you think and more valuable than you ever thought. A place to just be. With a deep commitment to fostering positive change, I collaborate closely with clients to develop personalized treatment plans tailored to their unique needs and goals. Whether you are grappling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship challenges, I will employ a strengths-based perspective to empower you in your journey toward healing and growth.
Therapy is a place to explore and understand, a place to be heard and to use your voice, a place to recognize and embrace your worth, a place to learn that you are stronger than you think and more valuable than you ever thought. A place to just be. With a deep commitment to fostering positive change, I collaborate closely with clients to develop personalized treatment plans tailored to their unique needs and goals. Whether you are grappling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship challenges, I will employ a strengths-based perspective to empower you in your journey toward healing and growth.
(484) 749-9181 View (484) 749-9181
Photo of Lehigh Valley Counselors and DOT-SAP, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Lehigh Valley Counselors and DOT-SAP
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ICAADC , DOT-SAP, CCTP, CCAMP
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017
Seeking mental health therapy for the first time can be daunting. Thanks to the media and cultural stigmas, many people are embarrassed or anxious to reach out for help. But asking for help isn’t a mark against someone’s character. Instead, it shows they’ve realized there’s an area in which they want to improve, and they know they’ll need some help to do so. It’s okay to ask for guidance along your self-improvement journey, and Lehigh Valley Counselors are here to help. Prioritizing your well-being is one of the best things you can do for yourself.
Seeking mental health therapy for the first time can be daunting. Thanks to the media and cultural stigmas, many people are embarrassed or anxious to reach out for help. But asking for help isn’t a mark against someone’s character. Instead, it shows they’ve realized there’s an area in which they want to improve, and they know they’ll need some help to do so. It’s okay to ask for guidance along your self-improvement journey, and Lehigh Valley Counselors are here to help. Prioritizing your well-being is one of the best things you can do for yourself.
(610) 596-4222 View (610) 596-4222
Patience D Stevenson
Marriage & Family Therapist, DMin, LMFT, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
I have worked with individuals, couples and families for over 35 years. I partner with clients to assess their own strengths and help them find different ways to address their issues and challenges. I greatly respect individual differences and seek to provide a non-judgmental, caring and empowering environment for clients to grow and change. I work with issues of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, grief and spirituality. We all become stuck at different times in our lives. I will walk alongside you and help you find your own personal resources and other needed resources to heal, grow and change.
I have worked with individuals, couples and families for over 35 years. I partner with clients to assess their own strengths and help them find different ways to address their issues and challenges. I greatly respect individual differences and seek to provide a non-judgmental, caring and empowering environment for clients to grow and change. I work with issues of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, grief and spirituality. We all become stuck at different times in our lives. I will walk alongside you and help you find your own personal resources and other needed resources to heal, grow and change.
(610) 816-6361 View (610) 816-6361
Photo of Anthony Silvio Campolo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Anthony Silvio Campolo
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCADC, DBTC, CAADC, ACS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18020
Are you seeking treatment, but finding it very difficult? The decision to seek treatment is often very difficult, yet a necessary choice. For the last 28 years I have been providing a non-judgmental arena to work on a variety of issues to include but not limited to addiction, anger, gambling, co-occurring disorders, behavioral concerns, depression and anxiety.
Are you seeking treatment, but finding it very difficult? The decision to seek treatment is often very difficult, yet a necessary choice. For the last 28 years I have been providing a non-judgmental arena to work on a variety of issues to include but not limited to addiction, anger, gambling, co-occurring disorders, behavioral concerns, depression and anxiety.
(570) 401-3216 View (570) 401-3216
Photo of Karina F Guerrero, Pre-Licensed Professional in Bethlehem, PA
Karina F Guerrero
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018  (Online Only)
You have taken the first step into a better you and a better life. I want to help you explore yourself, your strengths, your fears, your weaknesses your goals and together create a plan that will help you achieve your goals. I will be with you every step of the way. I am trained in cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, talk therapy, etc. I like to use my whole tool box to help you build yours, no two plans are the same. You will have individualized strategies developed for you. Podemos embarazarnos en este proceso juntos.
You have taken the first step into a better you and a better life. I want to help you explore yourself, your strengths, your fears, your weaknesses your goals and together create a plan that will help you achieve your goals. I will be with you every step of the way. I am trained in cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, talk therapy, etc. I like to use my whole tool box to help you build yours, no two plans are the same. You will have individualized strategies developed for you. Podemos embarazarnos en este proceso juntos.
(484) 989-7232 View (484) 989-7232
Photo of Magehn Newell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Magehn Newell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Life is a journey filled with both joyous moments and challenges. At times, we all need support to navigate the complexities of our experiences. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, abuse, family issues, or other concerns, know that help is available. My mission is to provide you with the guidance and tools you need to foster positive change and lead a fulfilling life in all aspects—physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually.
Life is a journey filled with both joyous moments and challenges. At times, we all need support to navigate the complexities of our experiences. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, abuse, family issues, or other concerns, know that help is available. My mission is to provide you with the guidance and tools you need to foster positive change and lead a fulfilling life in all aspects—physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually.
(610) 795-9533 View (610) 795-9533
Photo of Kenneth Fulton Resig, Licensed Professional Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Kenneth Fulton Resig
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18017  (Online Only)
Kenneth Fulton-Resig is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Behavioral Specialist in the state of Pennsylvania with over 10 years of experience working in the mental health field. He treats individuals from pre-teens to older adults, working with diverse individuals and backgrounds. Kenneth’s work history includes helping individuals in the LGBTQIA+ community as well as others with trauma, dissociation, anxiety, life transitions, depression, sexuality, alternative lifestyles, sexual dysfunction, and much more.
Kenneth Fulton-Resig is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Behavioral Specialist in the state of Pennsylvania with over 10 years of experience working in the mental health field. He treats individuals from pre-teens to older adults, working with diverse individuals and backgrounds. Kenneth’s work history includes helping individuals in the LGBTQIA+ community as well as others with trauma, dissociation, anxiety, life transitions, depression, sexuality, alternative lifestyles, sexual dysfunction, and much more.
(484) 759-9436 View (484) 759-9436
Photo of Calm The Storm, Pastoral Counselor in Bethlehem, PA
Calm The Storm
Pastoral Counselor, BS, MA, CRT, MAPC, MACC
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Do you suffer from trauma related memories? Was your childhood filled with physical, emotional, or sexual abuse? Are you starting to notice behaviors showing signs of the damage caused of abuse? Do you carry the daily chains of depression, anxiety, shame, insecurity, or the fear of your next panic attack? Do you feel your life is out of control and your ready to give up? Hold on….there is hope. Calm The Storm Counseling located in Bethlehem and Saylorsburg, provides an integration of both spiritual and clinical counseling.
Do you suffer from trauma related memories? Was your childhood filled with physical, emotional, or sexual abuse? Are you starting to notice behaviors showing signs of the damage caused of abuse? Do you carry the daily chains of depression, anxiety, shame, insecurity, or the fear of your next panic attack? Do you feel your life is out of control and your ready to give up? Hold on….there is hope. Calm The Storm Counseling located in Bethlehem and Saylorsburg, provides an integration of both spiritual and clinical counseling.
(267) 762-2828 View (267) 762-2828
Photo of Center for Integrated Behavioral Health, Psychologist in Bethlehem, PA
Center for Integrated Behavioral Health
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Center for Integrated Behavioral Health is a private group practice of Psychologists, Postdoctoral Residents, and Professional Counselors with advanced specialization & training in Cognitive & Dialectical Behavior Therapy for adolescents & adults. We are the only comprehensive Dialectical Behavior Therapy Center in the greater Lehigh Valley region. We specialize in research supported treatments for anxiety & mood concerns, disordered eating, post-traumatic stress & those who struggle with problems related to emotion dysregulation such as self injury, chronic suicidality, substance us & relationship difficulties.
Center for Integrated Behavioral Health is a private group practice of Psychologists, Postdoctoral Residents, and Professional Counselors with advanced specialization & training in Cognitive & Dialectical Behavior Therapy for adolescents & adults. We are the only comprehensive Dialectical Behavior Therapy Center in the greater Lehigh Valley region. We specialize in research supported treatments for anxiety & mood concerns, disordered eating, post-traumatic stress & those who struggle with problems related to emotion dysregulation such as self injury, chronic suicidality, substance us & relationship difficulties.
(484) 604-2265 View (484) 604-2265
Photo of Bryen & Associates Immigration Evaluations, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethlehem, PA
Bryen & Associates Immigration Evaluations
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Has your attorney told you that you need a psychological evaluation for your immigration case? Are you looking for a comprehensive psychological to enhance your USCIS petition? With all the mental health professionals, how do you know which professional evaluator to use? Bryen and Associates has a proven track record of providing professional evaluations for immigration. We work with numerous attorneys around the country to assist their clients in telling their stories. We translate your personal experiences comprehensively with clinical language and measures that enhance their case in a way that judges can understand.
Has your attorney told you that you need a psychological evaluation for your immigration case? Are you looking for a comprehensive psychological to enhance your USCIS petition? With all the mental health professionals, how do you know which professional evaluator to use? Bryen and Associates has a proven track record of providing professional evaluations for immigration. We work with numerous attorneys around the country to assist their clients in telling their stories. We translate your personal experiences comprehensively with clinical language and measures that enhance their case in a way that judges can understand.
(484) 209-2027 View (484) 209-2027

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bethlehem, PA

300+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Bethlehem, PA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
70% Coping Skills
68% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Highmark
74% Aetna
70% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Bethlehem, PA see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bethlehem?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.