Therapists in Boston, MA

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Photo of Christopher M. Carter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Christopher M. Carter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, BCD, CATODSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02117  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My style is warm and casual, creating a dialogue that results in mutual insight and understanding. I like to take an active role in the discussion and use humor while providing an inviting environment to explore the problems and successes of your life. My approach is based in the Psychodynamic, Acceptance/Commitment Therapy (ACT), EMDR and Mindfulness traditions. I've worked in private practice since 2008 and also at the VA where I am a therapist for veterans in Boston. I graduated from Smith College School for Social Work in Northampton, MA and have practiced in the Boston area since.
My style is warm and casual, creating a dialogue that results in mutual insight and understanding. I like to take an active role in the discussion and use humor while providing an inviting environment to explore the problems and successes of your life. My approach is based in the Psychodynamic, Acceptance/Commitment Therapy (ACT), EMDR and Mindfulness traditions. I've worked in private practice since 2008 and also at the VA where I am a therapist for veterans in Boston. I graduated from Smith College School for Social Work in Northampton, MA and have practiced in the Boston area since.
(857) 401-8089 View (857) 401-8089
Photo of Adam Glick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Adam Glick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02116
I work with a wide range of presenting issues and my style is interactive, authentic and strength-based. I strive to help my clients feel better about themselves, to live authentically and to understand the factors and issues that may prevent them from feeling able to live their lives to their full potential. I value the power of deep listening, empathy and validation of experience while also providing a sense of hope and the courage and skills to achieve positive change.
I work with a wide range of presenting issues and my style is interactive, authentic and strength-based. I strive to help my clients feel better about themselves, to live authentically and to understand the factors and issues that may prevent them from feeling able to live their lives to their full potential. I value the power of deep listening, empathy and validation of experience while also providing a sense of hope and the courage and skills to achieve positive change.
(617) 237-6727 View (617) 237-6727
Photo of Elizabeth K Stout, Psychologist in Boston, MA
Elizabeth K Stout
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02114  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
When you entrust your healing to my care, it is my sincere hope to help you feel seen, accepted, & valued. My practice is rooted in values of compassion, justice, & empowerment. I believe in the power of connection and relationship to help individuals move through their journey to their ideal self. I integrate body liberation and identity affirmation principles into a relational approach. I work well with folx who identify as larger-bodied , queer , and/or trans-, non-binary, and gender non-conforming. I also work well with individuals who are struggling to navigate a range of relationships, depression/anxiety, and trauma.
When you entrust your healing to my care, it is my sincere hope to help you feel seen, accepted, & valued. My practice is rooted in values of compassion, justice, & empowerment. I believe in the power of connection and relationship to help individuals move through their journey to their ideal self. I integrate body liberation and identity affirmation principles into a relational approach. I work well with folx who identify as larger-bodied , queer , and/or trans-, non-binary, and gender non-conforming. I also work well with individuals who are struggling to navigate a range of relationships, depression/anxiety, and trauma.
(978) 991-8795 View (978) 991-8795
Photo of Kaitlin Nunamann, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Kaitlin Nunamann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, RYT
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114  (Online Only)
Much of our suffering is stored throughout our body, leaving us with a racing mind and feelings of stress, anxiety, depression. By approaching healing through a lens that incorporates the whole-body, we will work together so that you can heal fully and sustainably. I specialize in working with individuals faced with persistent anxiety, depression, grief, and trauma. Many of these symptoms will manifest in relationship issues, difficulty sleeping, or poor motivation. Together we will explore the root causes that perpetuate your suffering and develop strategies so that you can lead a more fulfilling and joyful life.
Much of our suffering is stored throughout our body, leaving us with a racing mind and feelings of stress, anxiety, depression. By approaching healing through a lens that incorporates the whole-body, we will work together so that you can heal fully and sustainably. I specialize in working with individuals faced with persistent anxiety, depression, grief, and trauma. Many of these symptoms will manifest in relationship issues, difficulty sleeping, or poor motivation. Together we will explore the root causes that perpetuate your suffering and develop strategies so that you can lead a more fulfilling and joyful life.
(857) 587-0113 View (857) 587-0113
Photo of Lauren Wong, EdM, Pre-Licensed Professional in Boston, MA
Lauren Wong, EdM
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02115  (Online Only)
You’ve been through so much, and trauma has a way of taking over everything. Maybe to cope, you try to keep yourself busy with work, schoolwork, or home tasks so you don't have to think about it all. Most of the time, though, it's all you can think about. It can impact your relationships, too. It can be hard for others who haven't been through similar struggles to truly understand what you're going through. Even for you, finding the right words to explain it all can be difficult. This makes connecting with others a bit more challenging.
You’ve been through so much, and trauma has a way of taking over everything. Maybe to cope, you try to keep yourself busy with work, schoolwork, or home tasks so you don't have to think about it all. Most of the time, though, it's all you can think about. It can impact your relationships, too. It can be hard for others who haven't been through similar struggles to truly understand what you're going through. Even for you, finding the right words to explain it all can be difficult. This makes connecting with others a bit more challenging.
(857) 240-1297 View (857) 240-1297
Photo of Knox Wilder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Knox Wilder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02215  (Online Only)
NOTE: I cannot accept insurances! I am passionate about serving the diverse needs of queer, trans, and gender non-conforming individuals and family systems! I work with adults, couples, or multi-partner partnerships of all genders and sexualities seeking help with depression, anxiety, parenting, life transitions, & other issues. I provide perinatal and postpartum therapeutic services, including issues related to fertility and family planning, co-/parenting, birthing/birth trauma(s), and blended families . I support sex workers and provide a sex positive space for folks of all identities and sexualities.
NOTE: I cannot accept insurances! I am passionate about serving the diverse needs of queer, trans, and gender non-conforming individuals and family systems! I work with adults, couples, or multi-partner partnerships of all genders and sexualities seeking help with depression, anxiety, parenting, life transitions, & other issues. I provide perinatal and postpartum therapeutic services, including issues related to fertility and family planning, co-/parenting, birthing/birth trauma(s), and blended families . I support sex workers and provide a sex positive space for folks of all identities and sexualities.
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Photo of James Smith, Counselor in Boston, MA
James Smith
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02135
I am a licensed Mental Health Counselor with extensive experience treating a wide variety of mental health issues including but not limited to addiction, mood disorders (depression, anxiety) psychosis, adjustment disorder and PTSD. I work with clients to build insight and to develop a greater understanding of self in order to improve current and/or work towards identified treatment goals. My intent is for clients to feel supported, listen to and understood during sessions. As we are able to develop a trusting therapeutic relationship.
I am a licensed Mental Health Counselor with extensive experience treating a wide variety of mental health issues including but not limited to addiction, mood disorders (depression, anxiety) psychosis, adjustment disorder and PTSD. I work with clients to build insight and to develop a greater understanding of self in order to improve current and/or work towards identified treatment goals. My intent is for clients to feel supported, listen to and understood during sessions. As we are able to develop a trusting therapeutic relationship.
(617) 295-7860 View (617) 295-7860
Photo of Dr. Casey L Evans, Psychologist in Boston, MA
Dr. Casey L Evans
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116
I offer comprehensive, private pay neuropsychological evaluations to help you better understand strengths, the nature of any challenges, and how to best help. I provide psychological services across the lifespan, from infancy to adulthood, and specialize in neuropsychological, neurodevelopmental, and educational evaluations with expertise in the evaluation of giftedness, ADHD/executive functioning, autism spectrum disorder, learning disabilities, speech/language delays, and medical/genetic/neurologic disorders, as well as and anxiety/mood concerns.
I offer comprehensive, private pay neuropsychological evaluations to help you better understand strengths, the nature of any challenges, and how to best help. I provide psychological services across the lifespan, from infancy to adulthood, and specialize in neuropsychological, neurodevelopmental, and educational evaluations with expertise in the evaluation of giftedness, ADHD/executive functioning, autism spectrum disorder, learning disabilities, speech/language delays, and medical/genetic/neurologic disorders, as well as and anxiety/mood concerns.
(617) 675-4238 View (617) 675-4238
Photo of Livia Ataide, Counselor in Boston, MA
Livia Ataide
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114  (Online Only)
Livia Ataide is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Massachusetts, offering Cognitive Behavioral and Solution Focused therapies. Are you feeling anxious, depressed or stuck? I work with adults who want to learn how to better cope with their anxiety, depression, general life or relationship stress. My therapeutic approach focuses on your strengths, needs, and goals, and is grounded in evidence based treatment approaches. Through working together, you can expect to feel heard and supported while we strategize solutions and develop enhanced coping skills to deal with life's stressors.
Livia Ataide is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Massachusetts, offering Cognitive Behavioral and Solution Focused therapies. Are you feeling anxious, depressed or stuck? I work with adults who want to learn how to better cope with their anxiety, depression, general life or relationship stress. My therapeutic approach focuses on your strengths, needs, and goals, and is grounded in evidence based treatment approaches. Through working together, you can expect to feel heard and supported while we strategize solutions and develop enhanced coping skills to deal with life's stressors.
(617) 271-2588 View (617) 271-2588
Photo of Maria Cruz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Maria Cruz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02111  (Online Only)
Some days you feel on top of the world with everything you have accomplished thanks to your ambition and determination. Other days you feel a debilitating sense of anxiety and depression relating to your past trauma, everything left on your to-do list, or the general uncertainty of the future, and can’t seem to shake it off and relax. Perfectionism, anxiety, and trauma can make you feel like you are never enough - not smart enough, capable enough, strong enough, safe enough, loveable enough… the list goes on. This makes your everyday life feel confusing, your spirit heavier, and your future bleaker. You know something has to change.
Some days you feel on top of the world with everything you have accomplished thanks to your ambition and determination. Other days you feel a debilitating sense of anxiety and depression relating to your past trauma, everything left on your to-do list, or the general uncertainty of the future, and can’t seem to shake it off and relax. Perfectionism, anxiety, and trauma can make you feel like you are never enough - not smart enough, capable enough, strong enough, safe enough, loveable enough… the list goes on. This makes your everyday life feel confusing, your spirit heavier, and your future bleaker. You know something has to change.
(857) 598-7501 View (857) 598-7501
Photo of Kenneth Westerfield, Pre-Licensed Professional in Boston, MA
Kenneth Westerfield
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114  (Online Only)
Kenneth Westerfield is a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in North Carolina and pursuing licensure in Massachusetts with 3 years of experience in the mental health field. He is passionate about helping adults address their unique challenges and live more fulfilled lives. Kenneth specializes in depression, anxiety, and major life transitions. Kenneth completed his Master of Clinical Mental Health Counseling at the University of Alabama.
Kenneth Westerfield is a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in North Carolina and pursuing licensure in Massachusetts with 3 years of experience in the mental health field. He is passionate about helping adults address their unique challenges and live more fulfilled lives. Kenneth specializes in depression, anxiety, and major life transitions. Kenneth completed his Master of Clinical Mental Health Counseling at the University of Alabama.
(617) 618-5342 View (617) 618-5342
Photo of Aleia Mangano, Pre-Licensed Professional in Boston, MA
Aleia Mangano
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02199  (Online Only)
I am dedicated to providing affirming and trauma-responsive care, rooted in social justice-oriented, anti-oppressive values, and grounded in the belief that each of us has the innate capacity for healing, growth, and meaningful connection. I believe in the transformative power of the client-therapist alliance, emphasizing trust, empathy, and authenticity to build strong therapeutic relationships where clients may feel accepted, validated, and empowered. I offer a collaborative and compassionate approach, integrating a blend of relational, psychodynamic, cognitive, and somatic therapies in my practice.
I am dedicated to providing affirming and trauma-responsive care, rooted in social justice-oriented, anti-oppressive values, and grounded in the belief that each of us has the innate capacity for healing, growth, and meaningful connection. I believe in the transformative power of the client-therapist alliance, emphasizing trust, empathy, and authenticity to build strong therapeutic relationships where clients may feel accepted, validated, and empowered. I offer a collaborative and compassionate approach, integrating a blend of relational, psychodynamic, cognitive, and somatic therapies in my practice.
(508) 570-0740 View (508) 570-0740
Photo of Amelia Hasbun, Marriage & Family Therapist in Boston, MA
Amelia Hasbun
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02114
Not accepting new clients
I find great joy in collaborating with individuals, couples, and families who bring a sense of motivation, open-mindedness, and a deep drive to enrich their overall well-being. It's truly heartening to work with clients who proactively seek therapy, demonstrating a strong commitment to addressing diverse challenges and fostering personal growth within themselves and their relationships. Whether they're grappling with communication hurdles, navigating complexities of identity, or adapting to new environments due to relocation, I deeply appreciate their willingness to embark on this journey of exploration and growth together.
I find great joy in collaborating with individuals, couples, and families who bring a sense of motivation, open-mindedness, and a deep drive to enrich their overall well-being. It's truly heartening to work with clients who proactively seek therapy, demonstrating a strong commitment to addressing diverse challenges and fostering personal growth within themselves and their relationships. Whether they're grappling with communication hurdles, navigating complexities of identity, or adapting to new environments due to relocation, I deeply appreciate their willingness to embark on this journey of exploration and growth together.
(857) 971-8044 View (857) 971-8044
Photo of Jen Dowd, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Jen Dowd
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02116
I believe we're all naturally inclined toward growth and success—each with our own strengths, desires, and goals that would lead us in the direction of contentment and happiness under optimal conditions. But we don’t live in a perfect world, and in an effort to adapt, we sometimes develop strategies that make sense in the short term, but aren't, in a lasting way, effective in moving us forward. We get stuck, leading to anxiety, frustration, and conflict, which leads in turn to us feeling bad about ourselves and our relationships.
I believe we're all naturally inclined toward growth and success—each with our own strengths, desires, and goals that would lead us in the direction of contentment and happiness under optimal conditions. But we don’t live in a perfect world, and in an effort to adapt, we sometimes develop strategies that make sense in the short term, but aren't, in a lasting way, effective in moving us forward. We get stuck, leading to anxiety, frustration, and conflict, which leads in turn to us feeling bad about ourselves and our relationships.
(781) 797-4059 View (781) 797-4059
Photo of Naomi McKenzie Greene, Pre-Licensed Professional in Boston, MA
Naomi McKenzie Greene
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
I’m a firm believer that you don’t need to wait until things get really bad to start therapy. I specialize in guiding identity-based work among college and graduate students, young adults, immigrants, and people of color experiencing anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and family issues. I take a warm, collaborative, and tailored approach that positions you as the expert of your own experience. Working from a multicultural perspective, I encourage client's awareness of their worldview and place within their family and culture.
I’m a firm believer that you don’t need to wait until things get really bad to start therapy. I specialize in guiding identity-based work among college and graduate students, young adults, immigrants, and people of color experiencing anxiety, trauma, life transitions, and family issues. I take a warm, collaborative, and tailored approach that positions you as the expert of your own experience. Working from a multicultural perspective, I encourage client's awareness of their worldview and place within their family and culture.
(508) 501-6351 View (508) 501-6351
Photo of Diana Kassler Appell, Marriage & Family Therapist in Boston, MA
Diana Kassler Appell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
The main focus of my work is helping couples recapture the relationship that is slipping away or has been broken by betrayal, disagreement, anger or lack of caring. I am also a divorce coach and parent coordinator. I work with individuals, couples and adult families, in a variety of modalities, to make life the best it can be.
The main focus of my work is helping couples recapture the relationship that is slipping away or has been broken by betrayal, disagreement, anger or lack of caring. I am also a divorce coach and parent coordinator. I work with individuals, couples and adult families, in a variety of modalities, to make life the best it can be.
(617) 658-4548 View (617) 658-4548
Photo of JourneyWork with Cinda Crull, Marriage & Family Therapist in Boston, MA
JourneyWork with Cinda Crull
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MDiv, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
Can you imagine your life being more rewarding, fulfilling, and meaningful with greater satisfaction in your relationships? If you're ready to invest in that vision, I can be part of the personal wellness team that helps to get you there. We'll start to heal old "stuck" places, clarify your goals, strengthen your skills to be your best self in the world, and help you to align and sync your spiritual / mental / emotional / physical / social aspects to make a more congruent and effective you. Best of all, you'll feel more powerful and able to connect with others in more gratifying experiences.
Can you imagine your life being more rewarding, fulfilling, and meaningful with greater satisfaction in your relationships? If you're ready to invest in that vision, I can be part of the personal wellness team that helps to get you there. We'll start to heal old "stuck" places, clarify your goals, strengthen your skills to be your best self in the world, and help you to align and sync your spiritual / mental / emotional / physical / social aspects to make a more congruent and effective you. Best of all, you'll feel more powerful and able to connect with others in more gratifying experiences.
(617) 958-8596 View (617) 958-8596
Photo of Kate Galef, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boston, MA
Kate Galef
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02128  (Online Only)
Are you searching for a therapist who can help you develop a deeper understanding of yourself and overcome your mental health challenges? As a licensed (LICSW) psychotherapist providing telehealth services to adults aged 18 and older, my warm and pragmatic approach to therapy involves breaking down problems to help you gain clarity and insight into your situation.
Are you searching for a therapist who can help you develop a deeper understanding of yourself and overcome your mental health challenges? As a licensed (LICSW) psychotherapist providing telehealth services to adults aged 18 and older, my warm and pragmatic approach to therapy involves breaking down problems to help you gain clarity and insight into your situation.
(617) 420-7571 View (617) 420-7571
Photo of Sima (Sharon) Menora, Psychologist in Boston, MA
Sima (Sharon) Menora
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02109
I am a licensed psychologist offering trauma-informed individual and couples therapy. My clients and I work together to sort through their experiences both present and past. Through self-compassion, in a warm and safe environment, we work on improving your insight into your experiences and into your important relationships.
I am a licensed psychologist offering trauma-informed individual and couples therapy. My clients and I work together to sort through their experiences both present and past. Through self-compassion, in a warm and safe environment, we work on improving your insight into your experiences and into your important relationships.
(508) 466-4645 View (508) 466-4645
Photo of Shaundry Swainamer, Counselor in Boston, MA
Shaundry Swainamer
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02110
Life can be challenging for many different reasons, and sometimes it feels like everything is happening at once or things just aren't going how we expected. Being vulnerable is difficult, and so is assessing ourselves honestly and kindly. It's overwhelming to look inward to assess the changes that we can make or the standards that we want to set for ourselves. Sometimes it takes an objective perspective to help us realize our reality as well as our potential.
Life can be challenging for many different reasons, and sometimes it feels like everything is happening at once or things just aren't going how we expected. Being vulnerable is difficult, and so is assessing ourselves honestly and kindly. It's overwhelming to look inward to assess the changes that we can make or the standards that we want to set for ourselves. Sometimes it takes an objective perspective to help us realize our reality as well as our potential.
(508) 859-7640 View (508) 859-7640

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Boston, MA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Boston, MA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
69% Stress
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
59% Aetna

How Therapists in Boston, MA see their clients

60% Online Only
40% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Boston?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.