Counselling in Irvine

Photo of Sophie Robertson, Counsellor, MRes, BACP
Sophie Robertson
Counsellor, MRes, BACP
Irvine KA12
I work with a wide range of clients who come to me with a variety of different needs and goals. I can work with young people aged 15 and over, adults and couples. Generally people enter counselling with me due to anxiety or depression, which is being exacerbated by past or current issues. This can include relationship difficulties, work or school issues, self-harming, family difficulties, and life transitions.
I work with a wide range of clients who come to me with a variety of different needs and goals. I can work with young people aged 15 and over, adults and couples. Generally people enter counselling with me due to anxiety or depression, which is being exacerbated by past or current issues. This can include relationship difficulties, work or school issues, self-harming, family difficulties, and life transitions.
01563 590799 View 01563 590799
Photo of Harriet Hockaday - North Ayrshire Psychology (Dr Harriet Hockaday), Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
North Ayrshire Psychology (Dr Harriet Hockaday)
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Irvine KA12
Waitlist for new clients
My name is Dr Harriet Hockaday, and I am a HCPC registered qualified Clinical Psychologist. I am an experienced and specialist therapist, who has worked in various mental health services within the NHS since 2014, including in adult mental heath, older adult psychology, and neuropsychology services. I currently offer online and telephone based therapy to adults (18+) across the UK. I also offer face-to-face appointments in comfortable surroundings in Irvine, North Ayrshire.
My name is Dr Harriet Hockaday, and I am a HCPC registered qualified Clinical Psychologist. I am an experienced and specialist therapist, who has worked in various mental health services within the NHS since 2014, including in adult mental heath, older adult psychology, and neuropsychology services. I currently offer online and telephone based therapy to adults (18+) across the UK. I also offer face-to-face appointments in comfortable surroundings in Irvine, North Ayrshire.
01505 805531 View 01505 805531
Photo of Lorraine Fitzsimmons, Counsellor, MBACP
Lorraine Fitzsimmons
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Irvine KA11
Each person is unique and are THEE experts in their own life, but sometimes when faced with particular challenges, fears, or difficulties including, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, grief, life transitions (e.g new parents or menopause), or relationship problems, it can often feel that no matter how hard you've tried, you're unable to find resolutions or solutions to the issues being faced. You feel overwhelmed, isolated, unheard and, STUCK. It doesn't have to be that way and I can help. You will be heard and I'm here for you. I'll support you to explore, address, and overcome the challenges negatively impacting your wellbeing.
Each person is unique and are THEE experts in their own life, but sometimes when faced with particular challenges, fears, or difficulties including, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, grief, life transitions (e.g new parents or menopause), or relationship problems, it can often feel that no matter how hard you've tried, you're unable to find resolutions or solutions to the issues being faced. You feel overwhelmed, isolated, unheard and, STUCK. It doesn't have to be that way and I can help. You will be heard and I'm here for you. I'll support you to explore, address, and overcome the challenges negatively impacting your wellbeing.
01294 445380 View 01294 445380
Photo of Vicky Paterson, Counsellor, BACP
Vicky Paterson
Counsellor, BACP
3 Endorsed
Irvine KA12
At various points in our lives, we all encounter moments of feeling stuck, overwhelmed, directionless, or adrift. When life becomes too much to handle, finding a way forward can seem daunting. You might have resigned yourself to thinking, "This is just how things are now," but the good news is that it doesn't have to be that way, and I'm here to assist you. I am a qualified cognitive behavioural therapist. I provide a confidential and non-judgmental environment where I assist you in addressing and overcoming any challenges, fears, or difficulties that may be causing distress and negatively impacting your overall wellbeing. I'm here
At various points in our lives, we all encounter moments of feeling stuck, overwhelmed, directionless, or adrift. When life becomes too much to handle, finding a way forward can seem daunting. You might have resigned yourself to thinking, "This is just how things are now," but the good news is that it doesn't have to be that way, and I'm here to assist you. I am a qualified cognitive behavioural therapist. I provide a confidential and non-judgmental environment where I assist you in addressing and overcoming any challenges, fears, or difficulties that may be causing distress and negatively impacting your overall wellbeing. I'm here
07947 819647 View 07947 819647
Photo of Dr Corinne Tatem, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Corinne Tatem
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Life can feel messy at times, and it’s easy to get overwhelmed. Having a safe, confidential space where you can talk things through and feel heard can make all the difference. If you’re here, you might be going through a tough time. Life’s struggles are part of our story, and our past experiences play a role in what we’re facing today. You may be searching for relief from your worries, to make sense of your thoughts or to feel good enough. I offer warmth and compassion to help you feel at ease to explore your difficulties, recognise your strengths and support meaningful change.
Life can feel messy at times, and it’s easy to get overwhelmed. Having a safe, confidential space where you can talk things through and feel heard can make all the difference. If you’re here, you might be going through a tough time. Life’s struggles are part of our story, and our past experiences play a role in what we’re facing today. You may be searching for relief from your worries, to make sense of your thoughts or to feel good enough. I offer warmth and compassion to help you feel at ease to explore your difficulties, recognise your strengths and support meaningful change.
01294 446772 View 01294 446772
Photo of Elaina Reilly, Counsellor, MBACP
Elaina Reilly
Counsellor, MBACP
Irvine KA12
I believe that one of the bravest steps a person can take is to develop a deeper understanding of themselves and their life experiences. Therapy offers a space to explore your story with curiosity and compassion, and to discover new ways of relating to yourself and the world around you, exploring difficult thoughts, emotions, & behaviours. My aim is to support you in making meaningful changes at a pace that feels right for you, while fostering greater self-awareness and emotional wellbeing, tailoring therapy to your individual needs.
I believe that one of the bravest steps a person can take is to develop a deeper understanding of themselves and their life experiences. Therapy offers a space to explore your story with curiosity and compassion, and to discover new ways of relating to yourself and the world around you, exploring difficult thoughts, emotions, & behaviours. My aim is to support you in making meaningful changes at a pace that feels right for you, while fostering greater self-awareness and emotional wellbeing, tailoring therapy to your individual needs.
01294 445384 View 01294 445384
Photo of Heather Shannon, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Heather Shannon
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Irvine KA12
I am an accredited psychotherapist with over 20 years of experience of working within mental health services in a variety of settings with adults, adolescents and children. I carry out psychological therapy for a wide range of conditions.
I am an accredited psychotherapist with over 20 years of experience of working within mental health services in a variety of settings with adults, adolescents and children. I carry out psychological therapy for a wide range of conditions.
01294 444336 View 01294 444336
Photo of Dr Jacqueline Geddes, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Jacqueline Geddes
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Serves Area
You may be feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, or caught in patterns that don’t make sense anymore. Many of the people I support describe carrying too much, feeling responsible for everyone else, or losing touch with their own needs. You might want clarity, steadiness, or simply somewhere you can say things out loud. You don’t need to have everything worked out. Therapy gives you space to explore what’s happening and make sense of what you need next. We take it step by step, at a pace that feels safe for you.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, or caught in patterns that don’t make sense anymore. Many of the people I support describe carrying too much, feeling responsible for everyone else, or losing touch with their own needs. You might want clarity, steadiness, or simply somewhere you can say things out loud. You don’t need to have everything worked out. Therapy gives you space to explore what’s happening and make sense of what you need next. We take it step by step, at a pace that feels safe for you.
01292 439849 View 01292 439849
Photo of Shirley Macmillan
Shirley Macmillan
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a qualified Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist based in Ayrshire. I work predominantly with a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) approach, but also draw on other therapeutic approaches to provide a more integrative and tailored therapy for you. There are times when we all experience situations that cause distress or uncertainty and it can be difficult to move past these events or to speak to those close to us.
I am a qualified Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist based in Ayrshire. I work predominantly with a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) approach, but also draw on other therapeutic approaches to provide a more integrative and tailored therapy for you. There are times when we all experience situations that cause distress or uncertainty and it can be difficult to move past these events or to speak to those close to us.
01292 439650 View 01292 439650
Photo of Dr Craig Dunn, Psychologist, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Craig Dunn
Psychologist, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Serves Area
Hello and thank you for looking into my profile. It can be challenging finding the right therapist amidst a sea of warm faces and shiny profiles full of experience. However, I firmly believe that like any relationship, the therapeutic one needs to feel like a 'good fit' too. This outlook forms the ethos of my therapy practice as a counselling psychologist where I work in collaboration with a client to bring change through the healing properties of a relationship. At present, I am supporting clients to understand patterns of behaviours from early life that might be impacting adversely on contentment and relationships.
Hello and thank you for looking into my profile. It can be challenging finding the right therapist amidst a sea of warm faces and shiny profiles full of experience. However, I firmly believe that like any relationship, the therapeutic one needs to feel like a 'good fit' too. This outlook forms the ethos of my therapy practice as a counselling psychologist where I work in collaboration with a client to bring change through the healing properties of a relationship. At present, I am supporting clients to understand patterns of behaviours from early life that might be impacting adversely on contentment and relationships.
0141 673 0100 View 0141 673 0100
Photo of Anna S McNamara - Core Insight Counselling , Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Core Insight Counselling
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Serves Area
I am an experienced BACP registered counsellor and psychotherapist specialising in working through difficult relationships - both with ourselves and with others. I have experience of working with anxiety, depression, low self esteem, shame, health issues, loss and grief, trauma (CPTSD), and healing from the impact of toxic and abusive behaviour patterns. Whether its understanding and processing experiences, emotional regulation or personal growth, my aim is to help you move forward to a place that feels safe and life affirming. I offer a blend of talking therapy and gentle trauma informed practices. EMDR available from Sep 2026.
I am an experienced BACP registered counsellor and psychotherapist specialising in working through difficult relationships - both with ourselves and with others. I have experience of working with anxiety, depression, low self esteem, shame, health issues, loss and grief, trauma (CPTSD), and healing from the impact of toxic and abusive behaviour patterns. Whether its understanding and processing experiences, emotional regulation or personal growth, my aim is to help you move forward to a place that feels safe and life affirming. I offer a blend of talking therapy and gentle trauma informed practices. EMDR available from Sep 2026.
01563 594339 View 01563 594339
Photo of Craig Dunn - Dr Craig Dunn & Associates Psychology Services, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Craig Dunn & Associates Psychology Services
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Serves Area
We are a dedicated team of psychologists and psychotherapists committed to providing high-quality, compassionate, and accessible mental health support. Our goal is to create a safe and supportive environment where clients feel heard, valued, and empowered. We offer a range of psychotherapy services for adults, children, young people, and parents across Greater Glasgow. We understand that seeking support can feel overwhelming, and it’s not always easy to know what kind of help you need. Sometimes, a warm conversation or a reassuring presence is all it takes to feel confident in your choice of therapist.
We are a dedicated team of psychologists and psychotherapists committed to providing high-quality, compassionate, and accessible mental health support. Our goal is to create a safe and supportive environment where clients feel heard, valued, and empowered. We offer a range of psychotherapy services for adults, children, young people, and parents across Greater Glasgow. We understand that seeking support can feel overwhelming, and it’s not always easy to know what kind of help you need. Sometimes, a warm conversation or a reassuring presence is all it takes to feel confident in your choice of therapist.
0141 673 0369 View 0141 673 0369
Photo of Sam Pattison, Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Sam Pattison
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Serves Area
I am keen to work with young people (13+) and adults who are experiencing issues around relationships, trauma, anxiety and depression who are looking for psychological support to alleviate distress. I have a great deal of experience in these areas and am able to provide comprehensive therapeutic support, focused on tailored beginning-to-end therapy with you as the focus. I work in an integrative way with clients 13 and above. I have experience working with a range of issues, including anxiety, depression, self-harm, self-esteem related issues, trauma and abuse as well as sexuality and identity related presentations.
I am keen to work with young people (13+) and adults who are experiencing issues around relationships, trauma, anxiety and depression who are looking for psychological support to alleviate distress. I have a great deal of experience in these areas and am able to provide comprehensive therapeutic support, focused on tailored beginning-to-end therapy with you as the focus. I work in an integrative way with clients 13 and above. I have experience working with a range of issues, including anxiety, depression, self-harm, self-esteem related issues, trauma and abuse as well as sexuality and identity related presentations.
0141 673 8667 View 0141 673 8667
Photo of Valerie Barr - Dynamic Diamond Consultancy, Counsellor, MBACP
Dynamic Diamond Consultancy
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
I am an Integrative Cognitive Behavioural Therapist my interest in becoming a therapist developed within my career in Social Care and Trauma Informed services. I am also an experienced Trainer and currently deliver various Self Esteem, Wellbeing & Nutrition Workshops, including Retrain your Brain - Mood Food which provides Psychoeducation around anxiety and food. In life we may have similar experiences but our uniqueness as human beings mean we all recover from emotional pain in our own individual way. Whatever you’re experience we can work together to help you gain a better understanding of your thoughts, feelings and behaviours.
I am an Integrative Cognitive Behavioural Therapist my interest in becoming a therapist developed within my career in Social Care and Trauma Informed services. I am also an experienced Trainer and currently deliver various Self Esteem, Wellbeing & Nutrition Workshops, including Retrain your Brain - Mood Food which provides Psychoeducation around anxiety and food. In life we may have similar experiences but our uniqueness as human beings mean we all recover from emotional pain in our own individual way. Whatever you’re experience we can work together to help you gain a better understanding of your thoughts, feelings and behaviours.
01563 599989 View 01563 599989
Photo of Alison Mclean, Counsellor, MCOSCA
Alison Mclean
Counsellor, MCOSCA
Serves Area
You may be a parent or caregiver feeling worried, overwhelmed or stuck, noticing your child struggling with big emotions, anxiety, behavioural changes or difficulties at home or school. You want to understand what sits beneath the behaviour, not just manage symptoms. You’re looking for thoughtful, emotionally attuned support that takes your child’s early experiences, relationships and inner world seriously, while helping you feel more confident, less blamed, and better able to support your child’s emotional needs.
You may be a parent or caregiver feeling worried, overwhelmed or stuck, noticing your child struggling with big emotions, anxiety, behavioural changes or difficulties at home or school. You want to understand what sits beneath the behaviour, not just manage symptoms. You’re looking for thoughtful, emotionally attuned support that takes your child’s early experiences, relationships and inner world seriously, while helping you feel more confident, less blamed, and better able to support your child’s emotional needs.
01563 597199 View 01563 597199
Photo of Carly MacLeod - MindScope Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
MindScope Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Serves Area
No two journeys are the same, and that is what makes each person’s story meaningful. People come to MindScope Psychotherapy not to fit into someone else’s expectations but to find a space where they are understood on their own terms. We offer a compassionate environment where they can be seen, supported, and equipped with the tools to heal, grow, and move forward with confidence.
No two journeys are the same, and that is what makes each person’s story meaningful. People come to MindScope Psychotherapy not to fit into someone else’s expectations but to find a space where they are understood on their own terms. We offer a compassionate environment where they can be seen, supported, and equipped with the tools to heal, grow, and move forward with confidence.
01560 337677 View 01560 337677
Photo of Nicola Hill, Counsellor, MBACP
Nicola Hill
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
My name is Nicola and I am an integrative counsellor registered with the BACP. I believe everyone is unique and so is their path to healing. My approach blends a range of therapeutic techniques, drawing from CBT, Psychodynamic, Humanistic and Mindfulness Based Practices. This flexibility allows me to tailor sessions to your specific needs. I create a warm, supportive space where we can explore your thoughts, emotions and experiences at a pace that feels right for you. Let’s work together to create meaningful and lasting change.
My name is Nicola and I am an integrative counsellor registered with the BACP. I believe everyone is unique and so is their path to healing. My approach blends a range of therapeutic techniques, drawing from CBT, Psychodynamic, Humanistic and Mindfulness Based Practices. This flexibility allows me to tailor sessions to your specific needs. I create a warm, supportive space where we can explore your thoughts, emotions and experiences at a pace that feels right for you. Let’s work together to create meaningful and lasting change.
01560 337684 View 01560 337684
Photo of Mary Martin, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Mary Martin
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Serves Area
Hi! I'm Mary, a therapist seeing clients from my home office in Stewarton and online. I work with a broad range of issues, including depression, anxiety, and low self esteem. I have a special interest in working with people who have relationship or family issues who might struggle to feel safe with others, establish boundaries, connection or trust. I believe most of our difficulties have their roots in our early family dynamics and what we learn in our family of origin. I am very interested in exploring how these patterns shape our relationships with others over time, repeating across families and even generations.
Hi! I'm Mary, a therapist seeing clients from my home office in Stewarton and online. I work with a broad range of issues, including depression, anxiety, and low self esteem. I have a special interest in working with people who have relationship or family issues who might struggle to feel safe with others, establish boundaries, connection or trust. I believe most of our difficulties have their roots in our early family dynamics and what we learn in our family of origin. I am very interested in exploring how these patterns shape our relationships with others over time, repeating across families and even generations.
07400 647453 View 07400 647453
Photo of Alan Mclauchlan
Alan Mclauchlan
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hi, my name is Alan . I am a qualified cognitive behaviour therapist . As people we all struggle with stress, anxiety and trauma from time to time and need support to help us to work through our issues and move on with our lives . I will work with you in a person centred manner , with the use of cognitive behaviour therapy . I will introduce you to CBT interventions to assist you to achieve your own personal goal and become more confident in your future .As a therapist I am able to support you at a level and pace that is beneficial to you and allows you the opportunity to move forward .
Hi, my name is Alan . I am a qualified cognitive behaviour therapist . As people we all struggle with stress, anxiety and trauma from time to time and need support to help us to work through our issues and move on with our lives . I will work with you in a person centred manner , with the use of cognitive behaviour therapy . I will introduce you to CBT interventions to assist you to achieve your own personal goal and become more confident in your future .As a therapist I am able to support you at a level and pace that is beneficial to you and allows you the opportunity to move forward .
01292 439732 View 01292 439732
Photo of May McCluskie - May McCluskie - Calm Counselling Service , Counsellor, MBACP
May McCluskie - Calm Counselling Service
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
I am a qualified counsellor, registered with BACP. My training specialises in supporting children and adolescents, with which I have extensive experience, in particularly in trauma; having provided counselling sessions, in both Primary and Secondary Schools for over ten years. I am empathic and accepting of all. No young person should have to go it alone. Every behaviour is a form of communication, often of an unmet need. When we meet that need, the behaviours can change. Early intervention through counselling support, can help the young person make sense of what is going on in their minds, bodies and lives.
I am a qualified counsellor, registered with BACP. My training specialises in supporting children and adolescents, with which I have extensive experience, in particularly in trauma; having provided counselling sessions, in both Primary and Secondary Schools for over ten years. I am empathic and accepting of all. No young person should have to go it alone. Every behaviour is a form of communication, often of an unmet need. When we meet that need, the behaviours can change. Early intervention through counselling support, can help the young person make sense of what is going on in their minds, bodies and lives.
01294 445315 View 01294 445315

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Irvine

20+

Average cost per session

£55

Counsellors in Irvine who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
96% Self Esteem
91% Depression
87% Stress
78% Relationship Issues
78% Trauma and PTSD
57% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

71% AXA PPP
71% WPA
57% Bupa

How Counsellors in Irvine see their clients

91% In Person and Online
9% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Irvine?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.